PREFACE

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Jakarta, 16 November 2017

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 TABLE OF CONTEN

PREFACE...................................................................................................................i

TABLE OF CONTEN................................................................................................ii

CHAPTER 1 FOREWORD.......................................................................................1

A. BACKGROUND.................................................................................................1

B. PROBLEM FORMULA......................................................................................1

C. TO THE EFFECT................................................................................................1

CHAPTER 2 STUDY................................................................................................2

A. DIRECT SPEECH...............................................................................................2

B. INDIRECT SPEECH...........................................................................................2

C. DIRECTS MARKING AND INDIRECT..........................................................2

D. CHANGE TENSES IN DIRECT GOES TO INDIRECT SPEECH....................3

E. TRICK UTILIZES DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH...................................4

CHAPTER 3 SHELL.................................................................................................6

A. CONCLUSION....................................................................................................6

B. TIPS.....................................................................................................................6

LITERATURE............................................................................................................7
 CHAPTER 1

FOREWORD

A. BACKGROUND
Direct speech is a talk that is heard direct of speaking person. Speaker that is

heard direct being given colon and sign plucks to be begun by uppercase and

closed by sign plucks also.

Direct speech shows a persons exact words. Quotation marks (.) are a

sign that the words are the exact words that a person used.
Indirect speech is an indirect talk is heard from speaking person but then was

taken over others to be passed on or is reported to third person with utterance

that don't similar or same but then fathom a meaning and its aim make a

abode same and unchanged.

B. PROBLEM FORMULA
What do intended with direct and indirect speech?
Any kind sought for characteristic direct speech and indirect speech?
How changes tenses in direct goes to indirect speech?
How to utilizes direct and indirect speech?

B. TO THE EFFECT
To the effect writer in this paper makings is as follows:
To know what do intended with direct and indirect speech
To know any kind marking direct and indirect speech
To know how tenses's change in direct goes to indirect speech
To know how to utilizes direct and indirect speech
 CHAPTER 2

STUDY

A. DIRECT SPEECH

Direct speech is a talk that is heard direct of speaking person. Speaker that is

heard direct being given colon and sign plucks to be begun by uppercase and closed

by sign plucks also.

Direct speech shows a persons exact words. Quotation marks (.) are a

sign that the words are the exact words that a person used.

Example of sentence :
 Edward said: I am going to Surabaya.

Edward berkata: saya sedang pergi ke Surabaya.

My father said : I have gone to Bandung

Ayah saya berkata : saya telah pergi ke Bandung
They said : We shall play football
Mereka berkata : kami bermain bola
Your uncle said : I shall picnic to Ancol beach.
Pamanmu berkata: saya tamasya ke pantai Ancol

B. INDIRECT SPEECH
Indirect speech is an indirect talk is heard from speaking person but then was

taken over others to be passed on or is reported to third person with utterance that

don't similar or same but then fathom a meaning and its aim make a abode same and

unchanged.
Example of sentence :
Edward said that she was going to Surabaya
Edward berkta bahwa dia sedang pergi ke Surabaya
My father said that he had gone to Bandung
Ayah saya berkata bahwa dia telah pergi ke Bandung
They said that they would play football
Mereka berkata bahwa mereka akan bermain bola
Your uncle said that he should picnic to Ancol beach
Pamanmu berkata bahwa dia akan tamasya ke pantai Ancol

C. DIRECT'S MARKING AND INDIRECT

Marking direct speech is as follows:
ever be utilize introductory sentence afters comma
ever be been followed kutif's sign before and also after sentence which is quoted,

that quotation mark lie at front and hind of sentence that dkutip after dot sign
after quotation mark is first, therefore first font and sentence that at that citation has

as font of capital
 Marking indirect speech is as follows:

Don't use comma and also quotation mark( news sign)

Pronoun's changed happening that is utilized. i. being substituted by he or she, you

becomes to depend subject who is quoted

Tenses's transformation happening

D. CHANGING TENSES IN DIRECT GOES TO INDIRECT SPEECH

Simple present is changed as simple past
Example of sentence:
Direct speech : He said, I have bought a book.
Indirect speech : He said that he had bought a book
Present continuous is changed as past continuous
Example of sentence:
Direct speech : He said, I am buying a book.
Indirect speech : He said that he was buying a book
Present perfect is changed past perfect
Example of sentence:
Direct speech : He said, I have bought a book.
Indirect speech : He said that he had bought a book
Present perfect continuous is changed as perfect continuous
Example of sentence:
Direct speech : He said, I have been buyin a book since 7

oclock.
Indirect speech : He said that he had been buying a book since 7

oclock
Past tense is changed as past perfect
Example of sentence:
Direct speech : He said, I bought a book.
Indirect speech : He said that he had bought a book
Past continuous is changed as past perfect continuous
Example of sentence:
Direct speech : He said, I was buying a book.
Indirect speech : He said that he had been buying a book
Past perfect makes a abode to become past perfect( unchanged tenses)
Example of sentence:
 Direct speech : He said, I had bought a book.
Indirect speech : He said that he had bought a book
Simple future, will is changed as would
Example of sentence:
Direct speech : He said, I will buy a book.
Indirect speech : He said that he would be buy a book
Future continuous, will be is changed as would be
Example of sentence:
Direct speech : He said, I will be buying a book.
Indirect speech : He said that he would be buying a book
Future perfect, will have is changed as would have
Example of sentence:
Direct speech : He said, I will have bought a book.
Indirect speech : He said that he would have bought a book
While is direct utilize capital
If you find direct speech that utilizes capital, therefore trick utilizes direct and

indirect speech and its change will become like hereunder: can becomes could , may

becomes might, must becomes has to,have to become had to and its job word

unchanged. meanwhile for should, ought and unchanged might.

Example of sentence:
Direct speech : Reva said, I must get a score.
Indirect speech : Reva said that she had to get a good score

Direct speech : Reva said, I should get a score.

Indirect speech : Reva said that she should get a good score
Direct speech as instance of reality
If you find direct speech that declare for reality instance, e.g. nature instance,

therefore tensesnya not necessarily being revamped and not happening tenses's

change.
Example of sentence:
Direct speech : He said, The sun sits in west.
Indirect speech : He said that the sun sits in west

E. TRICK UTILIZES DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

Imperative Sentence and Prohibition
To change direct and indirect speech therefore on imperative sentence and

prohibition needs to be added by to before sentence that is reported.

 Imperative Sentence
Direct speech : Mondy asked me, Close the window.
Indirect speech : Mondy asked me to close the window
Prohibition Sentence
Direct speech : Mondy asked me, Dont close the window.
Indirect speech : Mondy asked me not to close the window
Information, don't deep changed direct sentences as not to

Statement Sentence
To change direct and indirect speech therefore on statement sentence is utilized

says THAT'S link, one that is placed before word that is quoted that.
Example of sentence:
Direct speech : Haikal told his friend, I will go to Jakarta.
Indirect speech : Haikal told his friend that he would go to Jakarta

Question Sentence
To change direct goes to indirect speech on says to ask, question words as what,

when, why, etc, utilized as word of link among introductory sentence and sentence

that is quoted.
Example way utilizes direct and indirect speech in question sentence:
Direct speech : Mr. Rian asked me, where do you study?
Indirect speech : Mr. Rian asked me where i studied
For question sentence that yes's answer or no, changed trick from direct goes to

indirect speech to utilize if's link word or whether.

Direct speech : Mr. Andi asked me Do you like english?
Indirect speech : Mr. Andi asked me if i liked english
Indirect speech : Mr. Andi asked me whether i liked english

CHAPTER 3
 SHELL

A. CONCLUSION
Direct speech is a talk that is heard direct of speaking person. Speaker that is

heard direct being given colon and sign plucks to be begun by uppercase and closed

by sign plucks also.

Direct speech shows a persons exact words. Quotation marks (.) are a sign

that the words are the exact words that a person used
Indirect speech is an indirect talk is heard from speaking person but then was

taken over others to be passed on or is reported to third person with utterance that

don't similar or same but then fathom a meaning and its aim make a abode same and

unchanged.
Example of sentence :

Direct speech : Edward said: I am going to Surabaya.

Edward berkata: saya sedang pergi ke

Surabaya

Indirect speech : Edward said that she was going to Surabaya

Edward berkta bahwa dia sedang pergi ke

Surabaya

B. TIPS
Paper such that gets title Direct And Indirect Speech it writer for bases aught

sources. Writer realises that is still a lot of available lack at deep inscriptive this
therefore. So writer needs tips of reader that helps so this paper approach perfection

and tips that builds so writer expect from reader. At attention writer utters thank you.

LITERATURE

Wicaksono, Andre, The New Complete English Grammar,Pustaka Ilmu, Jakarta,2010

www.stlcc.edcstudent_resources/academic_resources/writing_resources/grammar_ha

ndouts/ reported_speech.pdf

http://hidayanti.com/ cara menggunakan direct and indirect speech plus contoh