AWS D3.6M:1999 An American National Standard Specification for Underwater Welding » PT US a STStatement on Use of AWS Standards All standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the Americar ‘Welding Society are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of the Ameri can National Standards Institute. When AWS standards are either incorporated in, or made part of, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmental bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standards must be approved by the gov. ernmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those laws and regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document that invokes the AWS standards, Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS standard must be by agree. ment between the contracting parties. International Standard Book Number: 0-87171-542-2 ‘American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126 © 1999 by American Welding Society. All rights reserved Printed in the United States of Am« Note: The primary purpose of AWS is to serve and benefit its members. To this end, AWS provides a forum for the ex- change, consideration, and discussion of ideas and proposals that are relevant to the welding industry and the consensus of which forms the basis for these standards. By providing such a forum, AWS does not assume any duties to which a user of these standards may be required to adhere. By publishing this standard, the American Welding Society does not insure anyone using the information it contains against any liability arising from that use. Publication of a standard by the American Welding Society does not carry with it any right to make, use, or sell any patented items. Users of the in- formation in this standard should make an independent, substantiating investigation of the validity of that information for their particular use and the patent status of any item referred to herein. Official interpretations of any of the téchinical requirements of this standard may be obtained by sending a request, in writing, to the Managing Director Technical Services, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL, 33126 (See Annex F.) With regard to techriical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS stan- dards may be rendered. However, such opinions represent only the personal opinions of the particular individuals giving them. These individuals do not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opin- ions or interpretations of AWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an offi- cial interpretation. ‘This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS D3 Committee. It must be reviewed every five years and if not revised, it must be either reapproved or withdrawh. Comments (recommendations, additions, or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard are requested and should be addressed to AWS Headquarters. ‘Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS D3 Committee and the author of the comments will be i formed of the Committee's response to the comments. Guests are invited to attend all meetings of the AWS D3 Commit- tee to express their comments verbally. Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided in the Rules of Operation of the Technical Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126. Photocopy Rights ‘Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, or educational classroom use only, or the internal, personal, or ‘educational classroom use only of specific clients, is granted by the American Welding Society (AWS) provided that the appropriate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: 978-750-8400; online: http://www.copyright.comKey Words— Underwater welding, dry spot welding, habitat welding, one atmosphere welding, wet welding, hyperbaric welding AWS D3.6M:1999 An American National Standard Approved by American National Standards Institute April 14, 1999 Specification for Underwater Welding Supersedes ANSI/AWS D3.6-93 Prepared by AWS Committee on Welding in Marine Construction * Subcommittee on Underwater Welding Under the Direction of AWS Technical Activities Committee ‘Approved by ere AWS Board of Directors Abstract : ‘This specification covers the requirements for welding structures or components under the surface of water. It includes ‘welding in both dry and wet environments. Sections 1 through 6 constitute the general requirements for underwater weld- ing while sections 7 through 10 contain the special requiremonts applicable to four individual classes of weld: ‘Class A—Comparable to above-water welding Class B—For less critical applications Class C—Where load bearing is not a primary consideration Class O—To meet the requirements of another designated code or specification ‘Conjight American Welding Secity (AWS). Ths ‘eprocln made under roy aprotet by Cato ‘Sinden eve (C5), (0) 89527, (31 20527, ‘Nour reproduction permit American Welding Society 550 NW. LeJeune Road, Miami, Florida 33126Personnel AWS D3 Committee on Welding in Marine Construction R.D. Holdsworth, Chair Management Systems Technology K, Masubuchi, Ist Vice Chair Massachusetts Institute of Technology B.A. Hallila, 2nd Vice Chair Avondale Industries, Incorporated L. P. Connor, Secretary American Welding Society G.M.Cain _Oxylance Corporation C.B.Champney _"TRW Nelson Studs Welding Division *S.A. Collins Maine Maritime Academy D.Cottle R&D Consultants J.H. Devletian Oregon Graduate Institute P.B. Dickerson Consultant C.E.Grubbs Global Divers W.Hanzalek ABS Americas L.D.Holt The ESAB Group G. Hutt Stlot Comex Seaway Limited A. W.Johnson A.W. Johnson and Associates, L.G. Kvidahl Ingalls Shipbuilding Company J.L. Matthews General Dynamics/Quincy C.L.Null__ Naval Sea Systems Command S.E. Pollard Machinists Incorporated D. Preston TRW—Nelson Division T.J. Pruitt Tacoma Boatbuilding Company J.M,Sawhill Jz Newport News Shipbuilding AT. Sheppard Tri State Stee! Construction, Incorporated AWS D3B Subcommittee on Underwater Welding: R.D. Holdsworth, Chair Management Systems Technology E.L. Von Rosenberg, Ist Vice Chair Materials and Welding Technology P.T. Delaune, Jr, 2nd Vice Chair Dyn McDermott Corporation L.P. Connor, Secretary American Welding Society C.L.Anderson _Sonsub International, Incorporated *K. Berard Amprican Oilfield Divers *B. Brown Thistle Well Services Limited G.M.Cain _ Oxylance Corporation J. Couch Oceaneering International S.T.Cullen U.S. Navy Underwater Construction Team E Dyhrkopp Minerals Management Service J.Grantham Welding and Joining Management Group *A.Griggel Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Di C.E. Grubbs Global Divers and Contractors A. Harjo J, Ray McDermott, Incorporated S.Ibarra,Jr Amoco Corporation *R Izdepski_ ‘The Unversal Diver *E, Klein Cal Dive International “AdvisorAWS D3B Subcommittee on Underwater Welding (Continued) *Advisor *V. Kononenko *K, Masubuchi *D. McKay R. Murray D. Ogden J.E. O'Sullivan 1. Pachniuk “TL. Payne T.J. Reynolds L. R. Rowland W.W.St. Cyr IT J. Steinmetz FL, Stonum JM, Sturrock P. Szelagowski E.D. Waguespack P.D. Watson T.C. West B.J. Wood E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute Massachusetts Institute of Technology KTS Naval Diving & Salvage Training Center College of Oceaneering P&L; Incorporated Pachnivk Welding Consultants, Rust Utility Services Global Divers and Contractors Shell Offshore, Incorporated NASA, John C. Stennis Space Center Marine Technology Services Project Consulting Services ‘Mobil Technology Company GKSS Research Center Chevron Petroleum Technology Company Southwest Research Institute Welding Engineering Services Mobil Research and Development ivForeword (This Foreword is not a part of AWS D3.6M:1999, Specification for Underwater Welding, but is included for infor- mation only.) In 1975, the AWS Committee on Marine Construction requested the Subcommittee on Underwater Welding to estab- lish a standard reflecting state-of-the-art technology relative to underwater welding. The first edition of the specification ‘was published in 1983, with subsequent editions issued in 1989 and 1993. This current edition is presented in the same format as the 1993 edition except that the SI units of measure are the standard, The U.S. Customary Units are approximate and for information only. Sections 1 through 6 constitute the gen- eral requirements applicable to all classes of underwater welds. Sections 7 through 10 contain unique requirements ap- ble to each class. Initially applied as a means of temporary repair for damaged steel-hulled vessels, underwater welding has evolved into an accepted method of construction and repair of engineered structures. Recent applications include engineered re- pair and alteration of off-shore structures, submerged marine pipelines, underwater port facilities and nuclear power plant components. ‘There are five basic methods of underwater welding currently in use: (1) Welding in a pressure vessel in which the pressure is reduced to approximately one atmosphere, independent of depth. (Dry welding at one atmosphere) (2) Welding at ambient pressure in a large chamber from which water has been displaced in an atmosphere such that the welder/diver does not work in diving equipment. (Dry welding in a habitat) (3) Welding at ambient pressure in a simple open-bottomed dry chamber that accommodates, as a minimum, the head and shoulders of the welder/ diver in full diving equipment. (Dry chamber welding) (4) Welding at ambient pressure in a small, transparent, gas-filled enclosure with the welder/diver outside in the water. (Dry spot welding) (5) Welding at ambient pressure with the welder/diver in the water without any mechanical barrier between the water and the welding arc. (Wet welding) No sharp distinction exists between these methods; intermediate degrees of weld ment and welder protection from the water are in use, Metal-transfer characteristics, solidification behavior, weld appearance, mechanical properties, and other characteristics can vary with pressure, and each method of welding may differ from its usual behavior with con- ventional surface welding. Special quality requirements and inspection procedures must be established for underwater welds because of the altered environment and accessibility. This document is intended to define the important variables associated with underwater welding and to describe welding and inspection procedures so that work of a known quality level can be conveniently specified. Four weld classes (A, B, C, and O) are specified herein. They encompass the range of quality and properties currently produced by application of the various methods. Each weld glass defines a set of criteria for weldment properties that must be established during qualification, and a set of weld soundness requirements that are to be verified during con- struction, Welds in each class must meet all the criteria specified for that class. This specification does not address the selection of the class that meets the service requirements of a particular application. The selection of the class of weld to be provided is to be prescribed by the customer. ‘Comments and suggestions for the improvement of this standard are welcome. They should be addressed to the Sec- retary, Subcommittee on Underwater Welding, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL, 33126. Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may be obtained by sending a request, in writing, to the Managing Director, Technical Services at the American Welding Society. A formal reply will be issued after it has been reviewed by the appropriate personnel following established procedures.Table of Contents Personnel. Foreword List of Tables .. List of Figures. List of Forms 1. General Provisions.. 1.1 Scope. 1.2. References. 1.3. Purpose. 1.4. Application.. 1.5. Base Metals. 1.6 Welding Process.. 1.7. Definitions . 1.8 Welding and NDE Symbol... 1.9 Safety and Health 1.10 Standard Units of Measure 2. Classification and Design of Welded Connection: 2.1. Classification of Welds. 2.2 Desigh smn 3. Workmanship 3.1 General 3.2. Base Metal Preparation.. 3.3. Assembly. 3.4 Confirmation Weld 3.5 Dimensional Tolerances 3.6 Weld Profile 3.7 Tack Welds and Temporary Weld: 4, Technique.. 4.1 Filler Metal sn 4.2 Measurement of Variable Conditions 4.3. Weld Temperature Control 5. Qualification. Part I—General Req 5.1 Approved Procedure. 5.2. Previous Qualification 5.3 Performance Qualification. 5.4 Qualification Responsibility viPart II—Procedure Qualificat 5.5 Limitation of Variables... 5.6 Procedure Qualification Variables 5.7 Types of Tests 5.8. Position of Test Weld 5.9. Joint Configuration 5.10 Test Specimens: Number and ‘Type.. 5.11 Preparation and Testing of Specimens. 5.12 Test Results Required 5.13 Supplemental Requirements 5.14 Records Part Ill—Welder Qual 5.15 General, 5.16 Limitations of Variables. 5.17 Qualification Tests Req) 5.18 Method of Testing. 5.19 Test Results Required 5.20 Retest wnesmensn 5.21 Period of Effectiveness... 5.22 Record: BRRRRaSS SRSaSSERE BEE 6. Inspection Part I—General Requirements. 61 62 6.3 Inspection of Equipment. 6.4 Verification of Procedure and Performiance Qualification. 6.5. Inspection of Work and Records.. 6.6 Obligations of Contractor 6.7 Inspection Methods... 6.8 Inspection Personnel Qualification. Part 1—Visual Examination .... 6.9 General. 6.10 Procedure Part III—Radiographic Examinat 6.11 General 6.12 Procedure Part [V—Ultrasonic Examination Part V—Magnetic Particle Exat 6.15 General. 6.16 Procedure Part VI—Eddy Current Examination vil7.3. Groove Welds.. 74 Fillet Welds. Part Il—Welder Qualit 75 Testing Requirements. 7.6 Groove Welds.. 77° Fillet Welds Part Ill —Examination 7.8 Examination Requirements. 79 Visual Acceptance Criteria 7.10 Radiographic and Macroetch Test Acceptance 7.11 Surface Examination Acceptance Criteria 7.42 Ultrasonic Examination Acceptance Criteria... 8. Class B Welds.. 8.1 Application. Part I—Procedure Qualification 8.2. Testing Requirements. 83 Groove Welds. 84 Fillet Welds. 87 Fillet Welds. Part IIl—Examination 88 Examination Requirements 8.9 Visual Acceptance Crite 8.10 Radiographic and Macroetch Test Acceptance Criteria. 8.11 Surface Examination Acceptance Criteri 9.4 Fillet Welds art Il—Welder Qualification . 95 Testing Requirements... 9.6 Groove WeldS...00.0 97 Fillet Welds Part I1i—Examination 9.8 Examination Requirement 9.9. Visual Acceptance Crite 9,10 Macroetch Test Acceptance Criteria 9.11 Surface Examination Acceptance Criteria Part I—Procedure Qualificatio 10.2 Testing Requirements... 10.3 Groove Welds. 10.4 Fillet Welds viiiPart 11—Welder Qualification .. 10.5 Requirements Part IlI—Examination .. 10.6 Examination Requirements ...mm 10.7 Acceptance Criteria Annex A—Sample Welding Form: Annex B—Terms and Definitions. ‘Annex C—Commentary on AWS D3.6M:1999, Specification for Underwater Welding Annex D—Recommended Guidelines for Safety in Underwater Welding ‘Annex E—References. ‘Annex F—Guidelines for Preparation of Technical Inquiries for AWS Technical Committees. Index AWS Marine Welding Document LisTable 5. 5.2 53 54 55 5.6 WM 72 13 81 8.2 83 10.1 Figure 34 Sa 5.2 53 54 55 56 5.7 5.7K, 58 5.8A, 59 5.10 510A, SL SALA, 5.12 512A 5.13 S.13A 5.4 S140, Sas List of Tables Welding Variables—Dry Welding by Shielded Metal Arc, Gas Metal Arc, Flux Cored Arc, Gas Tungsten Arc, and Plasma Arc Welding Processes Welding Variables—Wet Welding by Shielded Metal Arc or Flux Cored Arc Welding. Depth Limitations for Qualification Welding... Procedure Qualification—Type and Position Limitatior Positions for Welder Qualification. Pipe Diameter Groups for Welder Qualification. Weld Procedure Qualification—Number and Type of ‘Test Specimens for Class A Welds Weld Procedure Qualification—Mechanical Test Acceptance Criteria for Class A Welds. Welder Performance Qualification—-Number and Type of Test Specimens for Class A Welds.... Weld Procedure Qualification—Number and Type of Test Specimens for Class B Weld: Welder Performance Qualification—Mechanical Test Acceptance Criteria for Class B Welds ‘Welder Performance Qualification—Number and ‘Type of Test Specimens for Class O Weld: Weld Procedure Qualification—Number and Type of Test Specimens for Class © Welds... List of Figures Tolerances in Assembly of Groove Weld Butt J ns of Groove Welds... 3s of Fillet Welds Positions of Test Pipes for Fillet Welds Reduced Section Tension Specimen: Reduced Section Tension Specimens. Fillet Weld Break and Macroetch Test Specimens. Fillet Weld Break and Macroetch Test Specimens. Lap Joint Fillet Macroeich Test Assembly and Specimen Location Face- and Root-Bend Specimens. Face- and Root-Bend Specimens. Side-Bend Specimens Side-Bend Specimens Bend Test Jigs Bend Test Jigs All-Weld-Metal Te All-Weld-Metal Tension and Impact Specimen Test Plate Design and Specimen Locations. All-Weld-Metal Test S} Location of Charpy V-Notch Impact Test Specimens in Test Weld5.16 Fillet Weld Shear Strength Specimens—Longitudinal from Plate 5.16A Fillet Weld Shear Strength Specimens—Longitudinal from Plate. 5.17 _ Fillet Weld Shear Strength Specimens—Transverse from Plate... 5.17 Fillet Weld Shear Strength Specimens—Transverse from Plat 5.18 Transverse Weld Shear Strength Test Coupon for Pipe... 5.18. Transverse Weld Shear Strength Test Coupon for Pipe 5.19 Bridge Bend Tes 6.1 Ultrasonic Scanning Techniques 6.2 Discontinuity Evaluation. 7.1 Location and Type of ‘Test Specimens on Class A Groove Welds. 7.1A Location and Type of Test Specimens on Welded Plate Test Procedure Qualification Assembly, Class A Groove Welds. 7.2 Location and Types of Test Specimens on Welded Pipe Test Procedure Qualification Assembly, Class A Groove Welds in Pipe. 7.3 Type and Location of Bend Test Specimens for Welder Qualification, Class A Groove Weld: A Test Assembly for T-, K-, and Y-Connections on Pipe or Square or Rectangular Tubing— Welding Procedure and Welder Performance Qualification, Class A Welds 65 7.4A Test Assembly for T-, K-, and Y-Connections on Pipe or Square or Rectangular Tubing— Welding Procedure and Welder Performance Qualification, Class A Welds 65 75 Acceptable and Unacceptable Weld Profiles for Class A Welds. 7.6 Ultrasonic Inspection Acceptance Criteria. 7.6A Ultrasonic Inspection Acceptance 8.1 Location and Types of Specimens on Welded Plate Test Procedure Qualification Assembly, Class B Groove Welds 8.1A Location and Types of Test Specimens on Welded Plate Test Procedure Qualification Assembly, Class B Groove Welds 8.2 Location and ‘Types of Test Specimens on Welded Pipe Test Procedure Qualification Assembly, Class B Groove Welds in z 83 ‘Type and Location of Bend Test Specimens for Welder Qualification, Class B Groove Welds. 84 Test Assembly for T-, K-, and Y-Connections on Pipe or Square or Rectangular Tul Welding Procedure and Welder Performance Qualification, Class B Welds.. 84A Test Assembly for T-, K-, and Y-Connections on Pipe or Square or Rectangular Tul ‘Welding Procedure and Welder Performance Qualification, Class B Welds. 85 Acceptable and Unacceptable Weld Profiles for Class B Welds. 9.1 Acceptable and Unacceptable Weld Profiles for Class C Welds. 80 80 List of Forms Form Al. Welding Procedure Specification—Wet Welding and Dry Hyperbaric Welding...» ‘A2. Procedure Qualification Record (POR)—Wet Welding Variables... = A3. Procedure Qualification Test Record—Wet Underwater Welding... ‘Ad. Welder or Welding Operator Performance Qualification Test Record—Wet Welding Process AS. Procedure Qualification Record (POR)—Dry Hyperbaric Welding Variables. A6. Procedure Qu: AT. Welder or Welding Operator Performance Qualification Test Record—Dry Welding Processes A8.__ Ultrasonic Examination Report Form. ‘ASA. Ultrasonic Examination Report Form xiAWS D3.6§M:1990 Specification for Underwater Welding 1. General Provisions 1.1 Scope This specification covers underwater welding in both dry and wet environments. Operations required at the surface related to and in support of underwater welding are within the scope of this document, but welding above the surface is not, All provisions of this document apply ‘equally to new construction and to modification and re- pair of existing structures underwater, 1.2 References It shall be the responsibility of the Customer to spec- ify the appropriate editions of the standards referenced in this specification. The following documents are incorpo- rated by reference: ANSI/AWS A2.4, Standard Symbols for Welding, Braz- ing, and Nondestructive Testing ANSI/AWS A3.0, Standard Method for Standard Welding Terms and Definitions ANSI/AWS B4.0, Mechanical Testing of Welds ANSV/AWS D1.1, Structural Welding Code—Steel API RP2X, Recommended Practice for Ultrasonic and Magnetic Examination of Offshore Structural Fe cation and Guidelines for Qualification of Technicians ASTM A 370, Standard Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products ASTM E 92, Test Method for Vickers Hardness of Metallic Materials ASTM E 164, Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Contact Examination of Weldments ASTM E 165, Standard Test Method for Liquid Pene- trant Examination ASTM E 309, Standard Practice for Eddy-Current Ex- amination of Steel Tubular Products using Magnetic Saturation ASTM E 340, Standard Test Method for Macroetching Metalsrand Alloys ASTM E 426, Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products Austenitic Stainless Steel and Simi- lar Alloys ASTM E 709, Guide for Magnetic Particle Examination ASTM E 1219, Standard Test Method for Fluorescent Liquid Penetrant Examination Using the Solvent- Removable Process ASTM E 1220, Standard Test Method for Visible Liquid Penetrant Examination Using the Solvent-Removable Process ASTM E 1416, Standard Test Method for Radioscopic Examination of Weldments ASTM E 1444, Standard Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination ISO 148, Steel—Charpy Impact Test (V-Notch) ISO 3452, Non-destructive Testing—Penetrant Inspec- tion—General Principles ISO 4136, Fusion Welded Butt Joints in Steet—Trans- verse Tensile Test * ISO 4969, Steel—Macroscopic Examination by Etching with Strong Mineral Acids 1SO 6892, Metallic Materials—Tensile Testing at Ambient Temperature ISO 6947, Welds—Working Positions—Definitions of Angles of Slope and Rotation 1SO 9304, Seamless and Welded (Except Submerged Arc Welded) Steel Tubes for Pressure Purposes—Eddy Current Testing for the Detection of Imperfections ISO/DIS 9015.2, Welding—Welded Joints in Metallic ‘Materials—Hardness Testing ISO/DIS 9016.2, Welding—Welded Joints in Metallic Materials—Specimen Location and Notch Orienta- tion for Impact Tests QW-470, Etching Processes and Reagents (ASME BE&PY Code Section IX) SNT-TC-1A, American Society for Nondestructive Test- ing, Recommended PracticeAWS 03.6M:1999 1.3 Purpose ‘This specification addresses fabrication and quality stan- dards for underwater welding. This document may be used in conjunction with other applicable codes or speci- fications for design, construction, or repair. 1.4 Application 1.4.1 All references to the need for approval shall be in- terpreted to mean approval by a duly designated person acting for and in behalf of the Customer on all matters within the scope of this specification. The Customer may designate an engineer, inspector or other(s) to act in the Customer's behalf to assure that the requirements of this, specification are fulfilled. The Customer should specify the authority of the authorized representatives. Hereinaf- ter, the term Customer shall be used to mean the party contracting for the work or the authorized representative, 1.4.2 In this specification, the term “shall” indicates a mandatory requirement and has the significance of excluding the idea of discretion. The word “should” indi- cates a nonmandatory recommended practice. The word “may” implies no obligation and expresses liberty or permission, 1.4.3 For Class O welds (see 2.1.7 and 5.6), conflicts be- tween referenced documents and this document shall be brought to the attention of the Customer for disposition, In general, the referenced documents may take prece- dence in matters not affected by the underwater environ- ment, However, this document shall take precedence in matters related to the underwater welding environment and working conditions. 1.5 Base Metals 1.5.1 The base metals presently included under this spec- ification are carbon, low alloy, and austenitic stainless steels commonly used in the fabrication of steel struc~ tures. The weldability of the steel and the procedures for welding it shall be established by qualification. Each procedure is qualified based on the carbon content, car- bon equivalent, and strength of the base metal to be welded in production. Production welding on base metal of carbon equivalent or strength above that qualified shall require requalification of the procedure. (Carbon, equivalent shall not applicable to austenitic stainless’ steel base metals.) 1.5.2 This specification may be used for welding of other base metals. In such cases, applicability of specific re- quirements shall be determined by the Customer. GENERAL PROVISIONS 1.6 Welding Process 1.6.1 Gas metal arc welding (GMAW), gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), flux cored are welding (FCAW), plasma arc welding (PAW), and shielded metal arc weld- ing (SMAW) are the principal joining processes addressed by this specification. These processes may be used, pro- vided the welding procedure is qualified in accordance with all applicable requirements of this document. 1.6.2 Other welding processes may be used at the discre- jon of the Customer, provided the applicable qual tion requirements of this specification are met. 7 Definitions ‘The welding terms used in this specification shall be interpreted in accordance with the definitions given in the latest edition of ANS/AWS A3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Definitions, supplemented by Annex B of this, document (AWS D3.6M). 1.8 Welding and NDE Symbols Welding and examination symbols shall be those shown in ANSI/AWS A2.4, Standard Symbols for Weld- ing, Brazing, and Nondestructive Examination, Special conditions shall be fully explained by added notes or details. 1.9 Safety and Health This document is not a safety standard and does not establish specific’performance requirements for safety is- sues or procedures associated with diving or underwater welding. However, Annex D provides some guidance relative to safety in underwater welding and cutting. Ad- ditional pertinent welding safety information can be found in the documents referenced in Annex E. In addi tion, manufacturer's safety literature on equipment and materials, as well as other pertinent documents, should be considered, Each contractor must determine indepen- dently whether the safety precautions contained in the referenced publications are adequate. 1.10 Standard Units of Measure ‘The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. United States Customary Units, shown paren- thetically, may be approximate and are for information,2.1 Classification of Welds 2.1.1 A weld class specifies a level of serviceability and a set of required properties, as defined by mechanical tests, surface appearance, and nondestructive examina- tion requirements, to which welds of a given class must conform. 2.1.2 In any solicitation for work, contract, or bid, the Customer shall specify each weld class and any supple- mentary requirements for the proposed work. All welds produced in accordance with this specification shall be made in accordance with a qualified welding procedure and shall meet the general requirements applicable to all weld classes specified in sections 1 through 6 and the unique requirements for one or more of the weld classes specified in this section. Each designated weld must meet all the requirements for the weld class specified. 2.1.3 Toughness and hardness of weldments that are made underwater may be significantly different from those properties of similar weldments made above the surface. The Customer may specify supplemental re- quirements for any class of weld. 2.1.4 Class A Welds. Class A underwater welds are in- tended to be suitable for applications and design stresses comparable to their conventional surface welding counter- parts by virtue of specifying comparable properties and testing requirements. The unique requirements for Class A welds are specified in section 7. Additional require- ments may be appropriate for critical applications, and should be agreed to in advance and specified in the con- tract document. AWS D3.6M: 1909 Classification and Design of Welded Connections 2.1.5 Class B Welds. Class B underwater welds are in- tended for less critical applications where lower ductility, moderate porosity, and other limited discontinuities can be tolerated. The unique requirements for Class B welds are specified in section 8. The suitability of a Class B ‘weld for a particular application should be evaluated on a “Fitness for Purpose” bi 2.1.6 Class C Welds. Class C underwater welds need only satisfy lesser requirements than class A, B, and O and are intended for applications where the load-bearing function is not a primary consideration, The unique re- quirements for Class C welds are specified in section 9. Selection of a Class C weld shall include a determination that its use will not impair the integrity of the primary structure by creating fracture-initiation sites. 2.1.7 Class O Welds. Class underwater welds must meet the requirements of some designated code or speci- fication, as well as additional requirements, defined herein, to cope with the underwater welding environment and working conditions. The unique requirements for Class O welds are specitied in section 10. The Customer shall specify the standard that applies to this class of weld, 2.2 Design This specification does not address design consider- ations such as arrangement of parts or stress calculations. ‘The Customer shall determine the service conditions, the required performance level, and the appropriate design stress level. The Customer shall specify the weld class, inspection method, and acceptance criteria.AWS 03.6M:1999 3. Workmanship 3.1 General All welds produced in accordance with this specifica- tion shall be examined using the criteria specified for the particular weld class. This requirement is met when the results of all required examinations are submitted to and accepted by the Customer. 3.2 Base Metal Preparation 3.21 Corrosion pits or other discontinuities that would adversely affect the integrity of the weld shall be re~ paired. When repair by welding is required, the welding procedure shall be qualified to the specification require- ‘ments of S. Qualification for the weld class specified. ‘The repair procedure shall be submitted to the Customer for approval before weld repair begins. The surfaces to be ‘welded and the surfaces adjacent to the weld shall be free from scale, paint, marine growth, or other foreign matter. 3.2.2 In the repair of excessive discontinuities observed on cut edges, such as entrapped slag, refractory inclu- sions, deoxidation products, porosity, or blow holes, the amount of metal removed shall be the minimum neces- sary to eliminate the discontinuity, unless otherwise specified in the repair procedure, 3.2.3 Laminations in plate edges may, with the approval ‘of the Customer, be repaired by welding. The repair shall include complete removal of the lamination or removal of metal to a distance equal to the lesser of half of the base-metal thickness or 10 mm (3/8 in.) from the original prepared edge, using a method described in the approved repair procedure. Welding shall be performed with pro- cedures qualified for production welding or with proce- dures qualified specifically for the repair. The Customer shall be notified before repair commences. 3.3 Assembly 33.1 Dry Welding 3.3.1.1 Tolerances for the weld preparation and joint {it-up shall be developed during welding procedure qual- ification. Alternatively, the tolerances given on Figure 3.1 may be applied to groove welds. In either case, the qualified welding procedure shall define the limits. Where irregularities prevent alignment or fit-up to limits identified in the qualified welding procedure, al ternative methods may be used to achieve the limits, sub- ject to the Customer’s approval. Welding procedures utilized to achieve acceptable fit shall be qualified under the rules of this specification. ‘When the joint includes a backing bar, the separation between faying surfaces of butt joints landing on a back- ing shall not exceed 1.5 mm (1/16 in.). Where irregulari- ties prevent alignment or fit-up to limits qualified in the welding procedure, the methods used to meet those limits shall be subject to the Customer’s approval. Welding pro- cedures required to achieve the correct fit are also re- quired to be qualified under the rules of this specification. 3.3.1.2 The parts to be joined by fillet welds shall be brought into as close contact as practical. The root open- ing shall not exceed the maximum permitted by the qual- ified welding procedure. If the root opening cannot be closed to meet this tqlerance, a suitable compensating technique approved by the Customer shall be required. Any increase in the size of the root opening beyond 1.5. mm (1/16 in.) shall require that the leg of the fillet weld be increased by a similar amount. 3.3.2 Wet Welding, Joint assembly tolerances shall be developed during welding procedure qualification. The assembly and fit-up tolerances shall be defined in the qualified welding procedure and approved by the Cus- tomer prior to the start of production welding, 3.4 Confirmation Weld Unless otherwise specified by the Customer, the re- quirements of 3.4.1, 3.4.2, 3.4.3, and 3.4.4 apply. 3.4.1 General. Prior to production underwater welding, a confirmation weld test shall be satisfactorily completed. ‘The confirmation weld shall be’ satisfactorily completedAWS D3.6M:1999, | £ \i partion, wae (Rx 1/16 in) (A) GROOVE WELD WITHOUT BACKING— NOT BACKGOUGED c {0.8mm (1 182 in) ia | = WORKMANSHIP me 7 "ns esmm¢vtiny R= 1.5mm (- 116 in) (8) GROOVE WELD WITH BACKING— NOT BACKGOUGED 10 abe ave) ‘vor | wm 5 \V/ T le cemn anes ) R-3.0 mm (- 18 (C) GROOVE WELD WITHOUT BACKING— BACKGOUGED Notes: ‘a — groove angle F— root opening 1 — root face “The groove configurations shown are fr illustration only Figure 3.1—Tolerances in Assembly of Groove Weld Butt Joints—Dry Welding at the job site and at the depth at which production weld- ing will take place. At least one confirmation weld, excluding automated welding, shall be satisfactorily completed for each welding system to be used during production. The confirmation test weld shall be a fillet break weld conforming to the requirements of section 5.11.7 except that the length shall be a minimum of 200 mm (8 in.). Unless otherwise specified by the Cus- tomer, the requirements of 3.4.2, 3.4.3, and 3.4.4 apply. 3.4.2 Base Metals. The base metal for the confirmation ‘weld should be 10 mm (3/8 in.) minimum thickness and carbon equivalent within 0.05 of the maximum CE of the ‘base metal welded in production, 3.43 Position. Where the production weld is to be made in only one welding position, the confirmation weld shall, be made in that position. Where welding in more than one position is necessary, the confirmation weld shall be. ‘made in the position in production in which the majority of welding will be done or as directed by the Customer. 3.4.4 Examination Requirements. Each confirmation weld shall undergo visual inspection and fillet break test- ing, except that Class C welds require only visual exami nation. Macroetch testing shall not be required. ‘The test plate may be cut into smaller sections by any convenient means (e.g., oxygen-acetylene) to facilitate breaking. However, cutting shall not interfere with evaluation of the root pass start and stop. Acceptance criteria shall be as specified in sections 7, 8, 9, or 10 for the class of weld. 3.5 Dimensional Tolerances ‘The sizes and lengths of welds shall not be smaller than those specified. Fillet weld sizes shall not exceedWORKMANSHIP the specified sizes by more than 25 percent or 3 mm (1/8 in.), whichever is greater. The lengths of the weld shall not exceed the specified length by more than 25 mm (1 in.) or 15 percent, whichever is greater, with- out the Customer’s approval. The location of welds shall not'be changed without the approval of the Customer. 3.6 Weld Profiles * All welds must be neat and workmanlike in appear- ance and shall, as @ minimum, meet the visual acceptance criteria for weld profiles as defined in Part III of sections 7 through 10 for Class A through O welds, respectively. 3.7 Tack Welds and Temporary Welds 3.7.1 Alll tack welds incorporated in the final weld shall be subject to the same qualification requirements and ac- ceptance criteria as the final welds. 3.7.2 The location and dimensions of temporary welds shall be subject to prior approval by the Customer. Tem- porary welds, including tack welds that are not incor- porated in the final weld, shall be removed, unless otherwise permitted by the Customer. Removal of tem- porary welds shall be accomplished using a procedure that does not cause damage to the base metal. Temporary ‘welds not removed shall conform to the requirements of this specification for the class of weld selected. 3.8 Repairs 3.8.1 The removal of weld metal or portions of the base ‘metal shall be done by a method approved by the Cus- tomer, and in such a manner that the remaining weld ‘metal or base metal is not damaged. The surfaces shall be restored to a suitable condition before rewelding. 3.8.2 Flaws may be removed by grinding. The base- metal thickness shall not be reduced below the required ‘minimum thickness. If the required minimum base-metal AWS D3.6M:1999 thickness is violated, the thickness shall be restored by welding, using a qualified procedure. 3.8.3 Prior approval shall be obtained from the Customer for all corrections. The repaired or replaced weld shall be reinspected using the technique and acceptance criteria as originally specified. 3.8.4 The correction shall be in accordance with the orig- inal welding procedure or with a procedure prepared spe~ cifically for the repair, and qualified in accordance with this specification. 3.9 Peening The root layer shall not be pened. Peening of subse- quent beads shall be permitted only with prior approval of the Customer. Care shall be taken to prevent slag en- trapment, overlap, or cracking of the welds. The cap or toc of a finished weld may be peened with a blunt instru- ‘ment, when approved by the Customer, but such peening shall be preceded by all required nondestructive exami- nation and followed by an additional examination using ‘magnetic particle methods. 3.10 Arc Strikes Arc strikes outside the area of permanent welds should be avoided on any base metal. Cracks or blem- ishes caused by are strikes shall be ground to a smooth contour under the restrictions stated in 3.8.2, 3,11 Weld Cleaning After completion Of a weld, the weldment surfaces shall be cleaned and prepared such that surface finish conditions will not interfere with inspections or nonde~ structive examinations to be employed. Excessive slag and spatter shall be removed from the weld and adjacent base metal. Surface discontinuities which could mask weld defects shall be removed,AWS D3.6M:1999 4, Technique 4.1 Filler Metal 4.1.1 After filler metals are removed from their original package, they shall be protected or stored so that their characteristics and welding properties are not adversely affected. Surface storage conditions shall conform to the filler metal manufacturer's recommended practice, or an alternate written procedure shall be submitted to the Cus- tomer for approval. 4.1.2 There shall be no addition or deletion of electrode gs (€.8., waterproofing) from those used during welding procedure qualification. 4.1.3 Methods of underwater transport and storage of filler metals shall be specified in the welding procedure. 4.2 Measurement of Variable Conditions Effective means of verifying variables (such as weld- ing current, arc voltage, and shielding gas composition and flow rate) should be provided at the location under- water where the welding is to be performed. If not mea- sured at the weld location, provisions shall be made to ensure that compensation has been made for the effects of the leads, ambient pressure, and other operating condi- tions. Records of welding variables to be maintained dur- ing production shall be as specified by the Customer. 4.3 Weld Temperature Control Where weld temperature control is utilized during procedure qualification, the procedure qualification record shall state the required temperature range and the time at temperature. The method used for temperature ‘measurement and control and the maximum and min ‘mum heating and cooling rates at temperatures execed- ing 260°C (500°F) shall be specified.AWS D3.6M:1909 5. Qualification + Part I General Requirements 5.1 Approved Procedure 5.1.1 Procedure Specification. All welding shall be per- formed in accordance with a Welding Procedure Speci cation (WPS) which meets the requirements of this section. The WPS employed shall be qualified prior to production welding in accordance with the requirements of this section. Satisfactory evidence that the procedure has been qualified shall be submitted to the Customer in the form of a Procedure Qualification Record (POR) sup- porting the WPS and approved by the Customer prior to any production welding. 5.1.2 Procedure Qualification. A welding procedure specification shall be qualified by testing weldments pro- duced under actual or simulated site conditions. The test welds shall demonstrate that a joint of required integrity can be made within the essential variables of the proce dure specification. The specific tests required for each weld class are identified in Part I of sections 7 through 10 for Class A through O welds, respectively. 5.2 Previous Qualification ‘The Customer may accept evidence of previous quali- fication, provided all the requirements of this specifica- tion are met. 5.3 Performance Qualification All persons performing any welding shall be qualifc for a given weld class in accordance with this sect Satisfactory evidence that the requirements are met shall be submitted to and approved by the Customer prior to any production welding. Welders qualified to deposit Class A welds are also qualified to deposit Class B and Class C welds. Welders 3d to deposit Class B welds are also qualified to deposit Class C welds. 5.4 Qualification Responsibility Each Contractor shall be responsible for the qualifica- tion of welding procedures and welders employed in per- forming work to this specification and shall conduct the tests required to accomplish these qualifications. Sati factory evidence that the procedure and welders have been qualified shall be submitted to and approved by the Customer prior to production welding. Part IT Procedure Qualification 5.5 Limitation of Variables 5.5.1 Essential and Nonessential Variables. Each weld- variable described in 5.6 shall be designated as either ‘an essential or nonessential variable for each process. 5.5.2 Limitations on Essential and Nonessential Vai ables. Changes in essential variables beyond the limits specified in Table 5.1 (Dry Welding Variables) and 5.2 (Wet Welding Variables), require development and qual fication of a separate procedure or revision and requi cation of an existing welding procedure. The qualified ranges of essential variables are those used during the procedure qualification test. Changes may be made in the nonessential variables without requalification of the pro- cedure. This may be documented by revising or amend- the original Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) or by preparing a new WPS.AWS 03.6M:1999 QUALIFICATION ~ Table 5.1 Welding Variables Dry Welding by Shielded Metal Are, Gas Metal Arc, Flux Cored Are, Gas Tungsten Are, and Plasma Are Welding Processes ‘A. Variables Common to All Welding Processes T. Joints (@) Fillet weld to groove weld (&) Multiple pass filet weld to single pass fillet weld and vic (©) Omission of backing (@) A backing thickness change of 1.5 mm (1/16 in. or 25%, whichever is greater (© Groove shape: a decrease in included angle, a decrease in root opening, or an increase in root face beyond the range specified in 5.9.3 (Groove weld to multiple pass fillet weld, subject to paragraph 5.9.2 Nonessential © Fillet Weld Size: For single pas fillet welding procedure qualification, the production weld size (leg length) Essential shall be 1.58 where Sis the sizeof the qualification weld and smaller. For multiple pas filet welding procedure ‘Qalification, the production weld size shall be the qualification size or larger. Base Metal (@) Thickness: For groove welding procedure qualification with a test plate or pipe thickness, t, the maximum Essential production thickness shall be 1.5. The minimum production plate of pipe thickness shall be 0'50t. Qualification (on two different thicknesses of plate or pipe also qualifies all intermediate thicknesses (&) A change in chemical composition beyond the limits of 5.6.1 except for carbon equivalent. Essential (©) An increase in specified minimum tensile strength beyond the greater of (a) the all-weld-metal tensile Essential strength, or () the tensile strength measured in the transverse tension test 3, Filler Metal (@) Filler metat clas (b) Procedure for underwater transport and storage, including (but not limited to) change from internally pressurized Essent to unpressurized transfer containers. 2 ication or type Essential q (©) Addition or deletion of supplementary coatings Essential (@) Anincrease in exposure time of filler metal in the qualification depth atmosphere Essential © Position = (@) Any change beyond that qualified in Table 4 Essential 5. Weldment Temperature (2) A decrease in preheat or interpass temperature Essential (0) A decrease in postweld heat wealment temperature a ime a postweld heat treatment temperature Essential 6, Electrical Characteristics (@) Welding current type (direct current electrode positive, direct curtent electrode negative, pulsed current, and Essential) others) (b) Type of power source (constant curent, constant voltage) Essential (©) Weld Essential (@) Are voltage ‘ Essential 7 Technique 7 (@) Stringer bead to weave and vice versa Essential (8) Progression up or down Essential (©) Deletion of temper bead Essential (@ Dectease in accessibility or visibility from change in dimensions of shroud or components Eésential (©) Change in travel speed or electrode run length Essential (O) Welding method (manual, semiautomatic, automatic) Essential (Joint cleaning Essential (b) Addition or elimination of peeing Essential (@ Addition of temper bead Nonessential @ Progression direction for the intial pass on joints welded from both sides where the root pass is backgouged to Nonessential sound weld metal prior to welding the second side (Continued) 2QUALIFICATION ‘AWS D3.6M:1999 Table 5.1 (Continued) 3, Environment (8) Change in depth beyond that allowed in 5.6.2 (©) Back side dry to wet (©) Change in background gas composition or type or oxygen partial pressure beyond that associated with the depth allowance in 5.6.2 (@ Back side wet to dry B, Shielded Metal Are Welding Essential Essential Essential 3. Filler Metal (@) Manufacturer (b) Manufacturer's trade name (© Inroot, hot, and cap passes, a change in electrode diameter (standard size) Essential @ Ip fll passes, use of an electrode witha diameter not used during overall qualification Essential 6. Blecirical Characteristics ~ — (2) Welding current exceeding, +15% of the maximum, or 15% of the minimum ofthat qualified Essential () Are voltage exceeding +15% of the maximum or -15% of the minimum of that 4 Essenti C. Gas Metal Are Welding 3. Filler Metal (@) Manufacturer (©) Manufacturer’ trade name, for ERXXS-G (X) or EXXC-G(X) (AWS A5.18 or AS.28) (©) Manufacturer's trade name, except classification ERXXS-G (@ Diameter 6. Electrical Characteristics ‘Nonessential Essential (8) Welding current exceeding +10% of the maximum, oF ~10% of the minimum of that qualified Essential (b) Are voltage exceeding +7% of the maximum, or -79 of the minimum of that qualified Essential (©) Mode of metal transfer (spray, globular, short-circuiting) Essential 9. Shielding Gas (@) Nominal percentage composition Essential (b) Flow rate changes exceeding +25% of the maximum, or -25% of the minimum of that qualified Essential (© Nozzle orifice diameter (size change) Essential D. Flux Cored Are Welding 3. Filler Metal (0) Manufacturer (b) Manufacturer's trade name (even if both meet the same AWS Classification) Essential (© Diameter Essential 6. Blectrieal Characteristics : (@) Welding current exceeding +10% of the maximum, or -10% of the minimum of that qualified Essential (©) Are voltage exceeding +79 of the maximum, or~79 of the minimum of that qualified Essential (©) Mode of meta transfer (spray, globular) Essential 9. Shielding Gas (2) Addition, or deletion or change in gas Essential (©) Flow rate change exceeding +25% ofthe maximum, or—10% of the minimum of that qualified Essential (© Nozale orifice diameter (size change) Essential E, Gas Tungsten Are and Plasma Are Welding 3, Filler Metal (@) Manufacturer (b) Manufacturer’s trade name (even if both meet the same AWS Classification) (© Diameter (Continued) 1B EssentialAWS 03.6M:1999, QUALIFICATION Table 5.1 (Continued) 6. Electrical Characteristics (@) Welding current exceeding +10% of the maximum, or -10% of the minimum of that qualified Essential (b) Arc Voltage exceeding +7% of the maximum or ~7% of the minimum of that qualified Essential (©) Arc initiation method ‘Nonessential (@) Electrode (non-consumable) type Nonessential (©) Blectrode (non-consumable) size Nonessential 9. Shielding Gas (2) Gas nominal percentage composition (shielding and orifice) Essential (©) Flow rate change exceeding +25% of the maximum, or ~10% of the minimum of that qualified Essential (© Nozzle orifice diameter (size change) Essential Table 5.2 Welding Variables Wet Welding by Shielded Metal Arc or Flux Cored Are Welding ‘Variables Common to All Welding Processes Tioints (@ Fillet weld to groove weld (©) Multiple pass fillet weld to si (©) Omission of backing (@) Groove shape: a decrease in included angle, a decrease in root opening, or an increase in root face beyond the range qualified (refer to 5.9.4) (©) Groove weld to multiple pass fillet weld subject to paragraph 5.9.2 (© Fillet weld size: For single pass fillet welding procedure qualification, the maximum production weld size (leg length) shall be 1.0S and the minimum production weld size shall be 0.5S, where S is the leg length of the qualification weld. For multiple pass fillet welding procedure qualification, maximum production weld size (eg length) shall be 1.55, and the minimum production weld size shall be 0.58, where S is the leg length of the qualification weld, 2 Base Metal le pass fillet weld and vice versa (@) Thickness: For groove welding procedure, qualification with atest plate or pipe thickness, t, the maximum pro- PIPE HORIZONTAL AND ROTATED. jg WELD FLAT (215°), DEPOSIT FILLER METAL AT OR NEAR THE TOP. (A) TEST POSITION PA (16) i PIPE OR TUBE VERTICAL AND NOT ROTATED DURING WELDING. | WELD HORIZONTAL (216°) (B)TEST POSITION PC (26) on aS PIPE OR TUBE HORIZONTAL FIXED (+15*) AND NOT ROTATED DURING WELDING. WELD FLAT, VERTICAL DOWN. 18° 15 (C) TEST POSITION PG (5G VERTICAL DOWN) PIPE OR TUBE HORIZONTAL FIXED (#15*) AND NOT ROTATED DURING WELDING. WELD FLAT, VERTICAL UP. (0) TEST POSITION PF (5G VERTICAL UP) Figure 5.4—Positions of Test Pipe or Tubing for Groove Welds a| AWS 03.6M:1999, |] QUALIFICATION RESTRICTION RING 45° 35° 7 PIPE INCLINED FIXED (45° 25°) AND NOT ROTATED DURING WELDING. (E) TEST POSITION J-L 045 (6G VERTICAL DOWN) RESTRICTION RING ‘TEST WELD 45° 35° LA] (F) TEST POSITION J-L 045 (6GR VERTICAL DOWN) (1.Y- OR K-CONNECTIONS) PIPE INCLINED FIXED (45° 25°) AND NOT ROTATED DURING WELDING. (G) TEST POSITION H-Loas (6GVERTICAL UP) (H) TEST POSITION H-LO4S (6GR VERTICAL UP) (F,Y- OR K-CONNECTIONS) Figure 5.4 (Continued)—Positions of Test Pipe or Tubing for Groove Welds plane. The pipe shall not be rotated during welding. See Figure 5.4(C). 5.8.5.4 Position H-, J-L 045 (6G down) or H-L 045 (6G up) Pipe Inclined Fixed. The pipe shall be inclined at 45 degrees with the horizontal. The pipe shall not be rotated during welding. See Figure 5.4(E and G). 5.8.5.5 Position H-, J-L 045 Restricted (6GR). Test for complete joint penetration groove welds of tubular ‘T, ¥-, and K-connections—The pipe shall be inclined at 45 degrees with the horizontal. The pipe (or tube) shall not be rotated during welding. See Figure 5.4(E), and igures 7.4, 8.4. 2 5.8.6 Plate Fillet Welds. In making the tests to qual fillet welds, the test plate positions shall be as below (illustrated in Figure 5.5): 5.8.61 Position PA (IF) Flat. The plates are pla such that each fillet weld is deposited with its axis proximately horizontal and its throat approximately ¥ tical. See Figure 5.5(A). 58.6.2 Position PB (2F) Horizontal. The plates placed such that each fillet weld is deposited on upper side of a horizontal surface and against a vert surface. See Figure 5.5(B).QUALIFICATION AXIS OF WELD ‘THROAT OF WELD HORIZONTAL VERTICAL [AXIS OF WELD. ‘AWS D3.6M:1999 HORIZONTAL ~ (A) TEST POSITION PA (1F) AXIS OF WELD VERTICAL AXIS OF WELD VERTICAL \ 1 | ' { i] i] I { ' ' (Test Posmion PG (0) TEST PosmTION PF (GF DOWN) (GF UP) Figure 5.5—Po NOTE: ONE PLATE MUST BE HORIZONTAL (®)TEST POSITION PB (2F) AXIS OF WELD. HORIZONTAL NOTE: ONE PLATE MUST BE HORIZONTAL (E) TEST POSITION PD (4F) ions of Test Plates for Fillet Welds 5.8.6.3 Position PG (@F Down) or PF (3F Up) Verti- cal. The plates are placed such that each fillet weld is depos- ited with its axis approximately vertical. See Figure 55(C). 5.8.6.4 Position PD (4F) Overhead. The plates are placed such that each fillet weld is deposited on the un- derside of a horizontal surface and against a vertical sur- face. See Figure 5.5(D). 5.8.7 Pipe Fillet Welds. In making tests to qualify fillet welds, test pipes shall be welded in the positions indi- cated below (illustrated in Figure 5.6): $.8.7.1 Position PA (1K) Flat. The assembly shall be placed with the pipe axis inclined at 45 degrees to hor ‘zontal and rotated during welding; the weld metal shall be deposited from above and at the highest point of rota- tion of the joint. The axis of the weld at that point shall be horizontal and the throat vertical. Refer to Figure 5.6(A)- 5.8.7.2 Position PB (2F) Horizontal. The assembly shall be placed with the pipe axis vertical so that the weld is deposited on the upper side of a horizontal surface and against a vertical surface. The axis of the weld shall be horizontal, and the pipe shall not be rotated during weld- ing. Refer to Figure 5.6(B). 5.8.7.3 Position PB (2FR) Horizontal Rotated. The assembly shall be placed with the pipe axis horizontal‘AWS D3.6M:1999 ge 8 iG 8 QUALIFICATION -{- (A) TEST POSITION PA (1F) (B) TEST POSITION PB (2F) (C) TEST POSITION PB (2FR) FOR FLAT POSITION FOR HORIZONTAL POSITION FOR HORIZONTAL (ROTATED) (FIXED) POSITION (ROTATED) a ¢ {io {io 7 {(o (0) TEST POSITION PD (4F) (€) TEST POSITION PG (SF) (F)TEST POSITION PF (5F) FOR OVERHEAD POSITION FOR MULTIPLE POSITION DOWN FOR MULTIPLE POSITION UP (FIXED) (FIXED) (FIXED) Figure 5.6—Positions of Test Pipes for Fillet ‘Welds and rotated during welding, The weld metal shall be de- posited at the highest point of rotation of the pipe, on the upperside of a horizontal surface and against a vertical surface. Refer to Figure 5.6(C). 5.8.74 Position PD (4F) Overhead, The assembly shall be placed with the pipe axis vertical so that the weld is deposited on the underside of a horizontal surface and against a vertical surface. The axis of the weld shall be horizontal, and the pipe shall not be rotated during weld- i ing. Refer to Figure 5.6(D). 5.8.7.5 Position PG (SF down) or PF (SF up) Multi- ple Positions. The assembly shall be placed with the pipe axis horizontal and the axis of the deposited weld in a vertical plane. The pipe shall not be rotated dur welding. Refer to Figure 5.6(E). 5.9 Joint Configuration 5.9.1 Joint configuration shall be an essential variable ‘welding procedure specifications. (Refer to Tables and 5.2.) 5.9.2 A procedure qualified to perform groove shall be qualified to perform multiple-pass fillet we gle-pass fillet welds are not qualified by groove \ qualification.I QUALIFICATION 5.9.3 Tolerances for the weld preparation and joint-fit-up for dry welding may be developed during weld proce- dure qualification 5.9.4 Joint assembly tolerances for wet welding shall be developed during welding procedure qualification and identified on the welding procedure specification. 5.10 Test Specimens: Number and Type ‘The number and type of test specimens required for procedure qualification to test the first position and addi- tional positions, as required by 5.8, for one process are summarized in Part I of sections 7 through 10 for Class A through © welds, respectively. Specimens shall be re- moved and tested in accordance with 5.11. Test results shall be in accordance with Part I of sections 7 through 10, as applicable. 5.11 Preparation and Testing of Specimens ‘Test assemblies and specimens shall be prepared in accordance with the requirements of Part I of sections 7 through 10 for Class A through O welds, respectively. In addition, the following requirements shall apply: 5.11.1 Reduced-Section Tension Specimens. Speci- mens shall be prepared to the dimensions shown in Fig- ure 5.7. Before testing, the least width and corresponding thickness of the reduced section shall be measured. The specimen shall be tested to rupture under tensile load, and the maximum load shall be determined, The tensile strength shall be obtained by dividing the maximum load by the cross-sectional area, 5.11.2 Macroetch Test. Specimens shall be removed as shown in Figure 5.8, 5.9, 7.1, 7.2, 8.1, of 8.2 as applica- ble. The cross-section surfaces cut from the test weld for ‘macroscopic examination shall be prepared with a sur- face finish appropriate for macroetching. A suitable etch- ing solution shall be used to give a clear definition of the weld metal and the heat-affected zone. (Refer to ISO 4969 or ASTM E 340.) 5.11.3 Root, Face, and Side Bend Specimens, Trans- verse bend specimens, 10 mm (3/8 in.) thick, shall be prepared in accordance with Figures 5.10 or 5.11. Speci- mens may be machine cut or oxyfuel gas cut from the test plates. If they are oxyfuel gas cut, an additional 3. mm (1/8 in.) of metal shall be included on both sides of the rough-cut sample. The sample shall be machined or ground to the final dimensions. Each specimen shall 25 AWS D3.6M:1999 be bent a full 180 degrees in a guided bend test jig having the contour dimensions shown in Figure 5.12. Bend ra- dius shall be as specified in Part I of sections 7 through 10 for Class A through O welds, respectively. $.11.3.1 Any convenient means may be used to move the plunger member of the guided bend test jig, Figure 5.12, with relation to the die member. The specimen shall be placed on the die member of the jig with the weld at midspan. Facebend specimens shall be placed with the face of the weld toward the die member and rootbend specimens with the root of the weld toward the die mem- ber. Side bend specimens shall be placed with that side showing the greater number of discontinuities, if any, to- ward the die member. ‘The plunger shall force the specimen into the die until the specimen assumes a U-shape. The weld and heat- affected zones shall be centered and shall be completely within the bent portion of the specimen after testing. 5.1.3.2 When using the alternate wraparound jig, Figure 5.12 (B), the specimen shall be firmly clamped on ‘one end so that there is no sliding of the specimen during the bending operation. The weld and heat-affected zones shall be completely in the bent portion of the specimen afier testing. Test specimens shall not be removed from the jig until the outer roll has been moved 180 degrees from the starting point. Bend specimens shall be posi tioned with respect to the fixed pin of diameter A in the same manner as with the plunger member of Figure 5.12(A). 5.11.4 All-Weld-Metal Tension Test. An all-weld-metal tension test specimen shall be prepared as shown in Fi ures 5.13 or 5.14, If approved by the Customer, the spec- imen may be machined from the procedure test weld. For hydrogen release, the Sample may be aged at 95°-105°C (200°-220°F) for approximately 10 hours prior to test- ing, The test specimen shall be tested in accordance with ISO 6892 or ANSI/AWS B4.0. 5.11.5 Charpy Impact Tests. The location and orienta- tion of Charpy V-notch impact specimens are to be as shown in Figure 5.13. Charpy V-notch specimens shall be machined in accordance with ISO/DIS 9016.2 or ASTM A 370. For groove weld qualifications, three Charpy V-notch impact specimens shall be machined from the weld metal and three from the heat-affected zone in accordance with Figure 5.15. For qualification of, fillet welds, three Charpy V-notch impact specimens shall be machined from the weld metal only, Specimen preparation and testing shall be in accordance with ISO 148 or ASTM A 370. The test temperature shall be the imum design service temperature, unless a lower test temperature is specified by the Customer.