PROJECT REPORT

ON

CELLPHONE OPERATED LAND ROVER

(Code: R-05B)

Submitted in partial fulfillment for award of degree of Bachelor of

Engineering (Electronics and Communication Branch)

Awarded by:

Maharishi Dayanand University

Rohtak

During Academic Session 2006-2010

Submitted by:

Chandra Kant Pandey, 6EC-31

Kamal Negi, 6EC-52
Rohit Kalra, 6EC-86
Arpit Kohli, 6EC-24

Under the guidance of

Ms. Meenakshi Bhat

Submitted to:
Dr. S.V.A.V. Prasad (HOD)
Ms. Pragati Kapoor (Project Coordinator)
Mr. Ajay Dagar (Project Coordinator)

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

LINGAYA’S INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY,

FARIDABAD
 PROJECT REPORT

ON

CELLPHONE OPERATED LAND ROVER

Submitted in partial fulfillment for award of degree of Bachelor of

Engineering (Electronics and Communication Branch)

Awarded by:

Maharishi Dayanand University

Rohtak

During Academic Session 2006-2010

Submitted by:

Chandra Kant Pandey, 6EC-31

Kamal Negi, 6EC-52
Rohit Kalra, 6EC-86
Arpit Kohli, 6EC-24

Under the guidance of

Ms. Meenakshi Bhat

Submitted to:
Dr. S.V.A.V. Prasad (HOD)
Ms. Pragati Kapoor (Project Coordinator)
Mr. Ajay Dagar (Project Coordinator)

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

LINGAYA’S INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY, FARIDABAD

PROJECT REPORT ON
CELLPHONE OPERATED
LAND ROVER PROGRESS
REPORT

LINGAYA’S
UNIVERSITY
 ABSTRACT

Conventionally, wireless-controlled robots use RF circuits, which have the drawbacks of limited
working range, limited frequency range and limited control. Use of a mobile phone for robotic
control can overcome these limitations. It provides the advantages of robust control, working
range as large as the coverage area of the service provider, no interference with other controllers
and up to twelve controls.
In this project, the robot is so controlled by a mobile phone that makes a call to the mobile
phone attached to the robot. In the course of a call, if any button is pressed, a tone corresponding
to the button pressed is heard at the other end of the call. This tone is called ‘dual tone multiple
frequency’ (DTMF) tone. The robot perceives this DTMF tone with the help of the phone
stacked in the robot.
The receiver tone is processed by 8051microcontroller with the help of a DTMF decoder
CM8870. The decoder decodes the DTMF tone into its equivalent binary digit and this binary
number is sent to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is preprogrammed to take a decision
for any given input and outputs its decision to motor drivers in order to drive the motors for
forward or backward motion or a turn.
The mobile that makes a call to the mobile phone stacked in the robot acts as a remote. So this
simple robotic project does not require the construction of receiver and transmitter units.
 ABOUT PROJECT

In this project, the robot is controlled by a mobile phone that makes a

call to the mobile phone attached to the robot

Conventionally, wireless-controlled robots use RF circuits, which have

the drawbacks of limited working range, limited frequency range and
limited control.

Use of a mobile phone for robotic control can overcome these

limitations.

It provides the advantages of robust control, working range as large as

the coverage area of the service provider, no interference with other
controllers and up to twelve controls.
 PROJECT DISCRPTION

BASIC OPERATION

In order to control the robot, you need to make a call to the cell phone attached to the robot
(through headphone) from any phone, which sends DTMF tunes on pressing the numeric
buttons. The cell phone in the robot is kept in 'auto answer' mode.( if the mobile does not have
the auto answering facility ,receive the call by 'OK' key on the rover connected mobile and then
made it in hands-free mode.) so after a ring, the cell phone accepts the call. Now you may press
any button on your mobile to perform actions as listed in the table. The DTMF tones thus
produced are received by the cell phone in the robot. These tones are fed to the circuit by headset
of the cell phone. The MT8870 decodes the received tone and sends the equivalent binary
number to the microcontroller. According to the program in the microcontroller, the robot starts
moving. When you press key '2' (binary equivalent 00000010) on your mobile phone, the
microcontroller outputs '10001001'binary equivalent. Port pins PD0, PD3 and PD7 are high. The
high output at PD7 of the microcontroller drives the motor driver (L293D). port pins PD0 and
PD3 drive motors M1 and M2 in forward direction( as per table ).Similarly, motors M1 and M2
move for left turn, right turn, backward motion and stop condition as per table.
CONNECTION TO THE MOBILE
 COMPONENTS USED
1. Semiconductors
IC1-MT8870 DTMF decoder
IC2-ATMEL89S52
IC3-L293D motor drive
IC4-74LS04 not gate
D1, D2-1N4007 rectifier diode
7805 regulator ic

2. Resistors (all ¼ watts, +-5% carbon):

R1, R2-100-Kilo-ohm
R3-330-kilo-ohm
R4-10-kilo-ohm

3. Capacitors:
C1-0.47uF ceramic disk
C2, C3, C5, C6-22pF ceramic disk
C4, C10-0.1uF ceramic disk
C7, C9-10uF ceramic disk
C8-330uF ceramic disk

4. Miscellaneous:
Xtal1-3.57MHz crystal
Xtal2-12MHz crystal
S1, S2, S3-push to on switch
M1, M2-6V, 50-rpm geared DC motor
Batt-6V, 4.5Ah battery
Batt-9V (6FF2) battery
2 pin male and female connector
 DTMF DECODER
The M-8870 is a full DTMF Receiver that integrates both band split filter and decoder functions
into a single 18-pin DIP or SOIC package. Manufactured using CMOS process technology, the
M-8870 offers low power consumption (35 mW max) and precise data handling. Its filter section
uses switched capacitor technology for both the high and low group filters and for dial tone
rejection. Its decoder uses digital counting techniques to detect and decode all 16 DTMF tone
pairs into a 4-bit code. External component count is minimized by provision of an on-chip
differential input amplifier, clock generator, and latched tri-state interface bus. Minimal external
components required include a low-cost 3.579545 MHz color burst crystal, a timing resistor, and
a timing capacitor.
The M-8870-02 provides a “power-down” option which, when enabled, drops consumption to
less than 0.5 mW. The M-8870-02 can also inhibit the decoding of fourth column digits
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
THREE STEP PROGRESS
WELL TESTED COMPLETE MECHANICAL
BODY
COMPLETE CIRCUIT PART
Circuit making
Compiling in Keil
uvision 3
 1. Open keil

2. Make a new project

3. Select the microcontroller

4. Write program
5. Compile
6. Simulate
Assemblinging all parts
 Application
• It can be used for surveillance purpose
• As its range is dependent on the network of the sim card used in cellphone,
"Wherever there is network there is this rover”
• It can be sent to those places where human enterance is risky.
• Such type of rovers when equipped with latest technologies have done historic work
like mars rover.
TONE DECODING OF MT8870
 AT89S52

8-bit Microcontroller with 8K Bytes In-System

Programmable Flash

Features

• Compatible with MCS-51® Products

• 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Memory
– Endurance: 1000 Write/Erase Cycles
• 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range
• Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz
• Three-level Program Memory Lock
• 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM
• 32 Programmable I/O Lines
• Three 16-bit Timer/Counters
• Eight Interrupt Sources
• Full Duplex UART Serial Channel
• Low-power Idle and Power-down Modes
• Interrupt Recovery from Power-down Mode
• Watchdog Timer
• Dual Data Pointer
• Power-off Flag
Description
The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 8K bytes of
in-system programmable Flash memory. The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high-density
nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry- standard 80C51 instruction
set and pinout. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or
by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with in-
system programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89S52 is a powerful
microcontroller which provides a highly-flexible and cost-effective solution to many embedded
control applications. The AT89S52 provides the following standard features: 8K bytes of Flash,
256 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, Watchdog timer, two data pointers, three 16-bit timer/counters,
a six-vector two-level interrupt architecture, a full duplex serial port, on-chip oscillator, and
clock circuitry. In addition, the AT89S52 is designed with static logic for operation down to zero
frequency and supports two software selectable power saving modes. The Idle Mode stops the
CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters, serial port, and interrupt system to continue
functioning. The Power-down mode saves the RAM contents but freezes the oscillator, disabling
all other chip functions until the next interrupt or hardware reset.
 L293D Motor driver
ABILITIES
600mA OUTPUT CURRENT CAPABILITY
PER CHANNEL
1.2A PEAK OUTPUT CURRENT (non repetitive)
PER CHANNEL
ENABLE FACILITY
OVERTEMPERATUREPROTECTION
LOGICAL ”0” INPUT VOLTAGE UP TO 1.5 V
(HIGH NOISE IMMUNITY)
INTERNAL CLAMP DIODES

DESCRIPTION
The Device is a monolithic integrated high voltage, high current four channel driver designed to
accept standard DTL or TTL logic levels and drive inductive loads (such as relays solenoides,
DC and stepping motors) and switching power transistors. To simplify use as two bridges each
pair of channels is equipped with an enable input. A separate supply input is provided for the
logic, allowing operation at a lower voltage and internal clamp diodes are included. This device
is suitable for use in switching applications at frequencies up to 5 kHz. The L293D is assembled
in a 16 lead plastic packaage which has 4 center pins connected together and used for heatsinking
The L293DD is assembled in a 20 lead surface mount which has 8 center pins connected together
and used for heatsinking
 12V 100 RPM DC geared motor

Introduction
NR-DC-ECO is high quality low cost DC geared motor. It contains Brass gears and steel pinions
to ensure longer life and better wear and tear properties. The gears are fixed on hardened steel
spindles polished to a mirror finish. These spindles rotate between bronze plates which ensures
silent running. The output shaft rotates in a sintered bushing. The whole assembly is covered
with a plastic ring. All the bearings are permanently lubricated and therefore require no
maintenance. The motor is screwed to the gear box from inside.

Specifications
• Total length: 46mm
• Motor diameter: 36mm
• Motor length: 25mm
• DC supply: 4 to 12V
• RPM: 100
• Brush type: Precious metal
• Gear head diameter: 37mm
• Gear head length: 21mm
• Output shaft: Centered
• Shaft diameter: 4mm and 6mm
• Shaft length: 22mm
• Gear assembly: Spur
• Torque: 0.25 to 7Kg/cm
 HARDWARE PART
PHYSICAL MODEL
1. We have collected some hardware needed for the project which include

• Two geared motors of 6v/50rpm (Why only geared motor? because simple
motors have very high rpm which can cause trouble in rover movement.
Thus we decrease the rpm of motor by using two gears, small one
connected to axle of motor and bigger one connected to small one and
drives the wheels with reduced rpm of almost 50rpm motor is of 6V)

• Two main rear wheels (diameter 74mm, thickness 13mm/plastic wheels )

• One multidirectional wheel(made of steel with a ball in bottom giving free

motion to be fitted in front of rover)

• One battery of 6v/4.5Ah/1.35A

• One solid board for base

• Two tin clamps for holding motor on board

• Some screws and bolts

• Wires

Wheels, motors, front wheel, motor clamps and base board

STEP 1 (MAKING PHYSICAL MODEL)

(a)motors (b)wheels

(c) wheels connected to motors (d)clamps

(e)Holes drolling in board to fit motor clamps

(f)Final view after connecting wheels and tyres to the board