Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic

Disease Description Treatment

Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests
PSORIASIS A common chronic, Autoimmune Auspitz Sign - Silvery, scaly Scalp None Topical therapy
(Pustular, recurrent disease refers to the papules and Postauricular Lubricants
Plaque, characterized by appearance plaques region Keratolytics
Erythrodermic, dry, well- of small Erythematous Elbows Topical
Localized, circumscribed, bleeding plaques with Knees Corticosteroids
Palmo-Plantar) silvery scaling, points after whitish silvery Nails Topical Vitamin D
papules and successive lamellated Buttocks Derivatives
plaques of various layers of scales Anthralin
sizes scale have Begin as red,
been scaling papules Systemic Therapy
removed going to round- Methotrexate
from the to-oval plaques
surface of with distinct Phtotherapy
psoriatic border
papules or Symmetrical
plaques. Generalized
Pustular Type
(Von
Zumbusch)
Palmo-Plantar
(Barbers
Psoriasis)
SEBORRHEIC DERMATITIS An inflammatory Pityrosporum None Dry, greasy, Scalp None Cradle Cap Tx:
(Cradle Cap) scaling disease of Yeast yellowish scales Behind ears Frequent
the scalp, face, Yellow-red External Shampooing
and occasionally scales in severe auditory (Selenium Sulfide,
other areas cases canal Ketoconazole)
Does not cause Eyebrows Followed by mild,
hair loss Nose bridge topical steroid
Nasolabial For dense, thick
folds adherent scales
Over the apply warm mineral
sternum or olive oil before
doing steps above
Hydrocortisone
cream (Facial
Seborrheic
dermatitis)
 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests

CONTACT DERMATITIS Acute or chronic Primary Follows the Transient Limited to Patch Removal of causative
(Allergic inflammation, often chemical pattern of redness to the site of Testing agents
Contact Dermatitis (Type IV), asymmetric or irritant contact of severe swelling contact but
Dermatitis by Primary Irritants) oddly shaped, (immediate allergen to with bullae may later Acute and widespread
produced by reaction) the skin spread ACD
substances Allergen Prednisone
contacting the skin (Delayed Antihistamine
and causing toxic Hypersensitivity
(irritant) or allergic Reaction) Localized ACD
reactions Compress
Topical Steroids
Inflammation of the
skin with spongiosis Burrows solution
or intercellular
edema of the
epidermis

Irritant CD =
pain>pruritus

Allergic CD =
pruritus>pain
ATOPIC DERMATITIS Chronic, pruritic, Susceptibility is Characteristi Erythema and Bilateral None Emollients for skin
superficial genetic c sparing of lichenification Antecubital hydration
inflammation of the Contactants or perioral and in adults and (A) Avoidance of
skin, frequently irritants perinasal older children Popliteal trigger factors
associated with a Aeroallergens area Red, weeping Fossa (A) Topical
personal or family Stress crusted lesions Eyelids (A) corticosteroids
history of allergic Food in younger Neck (A) Calcineurin
disorders. (Hay Microbial children Wrists (A) inhibitors (Topical
fever, Asthma) organisms Presence of Face (C) immunomodualtors
Sex hormones Demi Morgan Scalp (C) )
Climate or Fold (fold in the Diaper Area e.g. Tacrolimus
sweating skin below the (C) Oral Corticosteroids
lower eyelid Extremities Ciclosporin
 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests
caused by (C) Sedating
edema) Antihistamine

NUMMULAR DERMATITIS Chronic Unknown Coin-shaped Discoid or coin- Elbows None Moderate to
inflammation of the lesions shaped lesions Knees potent topical
skin characterized Start as pruritic Buttocks steroids
by coin-shaped, vesicles + Trunk Cloxacillin
vesicular, crusted, papules that Cephalexin
scaling, and usually later ooze Tetracycline
pruritic lesions serum and form Intralesional
crusts corticosteroid
injections
Ultraviolet B
radiation
Ultraviolet A with
psoralen
Oral corticosteroids
(short term)
LICHEN SIMPLEX CHRONICUS A chronic, Stress and None Lichenified Occiput None Topical
(Neurodermatitis) superficial, pruritic repetitive plaques Arms corticosteroids
inflammation of the scratching Oval, irregular Legs Intralesional
skin characterized or angular Ankles triamcinolone
by dry, scaling, well- shape Vulva (corticosteroids)
demarcated, Pubis Occlusive dressings
hyperpigmented, Anal region Antihistamines
lichenified plaques Groin
of oval, irregular, or
angular shape

CELLULITIS Diffuse, spreading, Streptococcus None Erythematous Lower Blood Penicillin

acute inflammation Pyogenes Extremely extremities culture Erythromycin
with solid tissues, (GABS) painful Unilateral Wound Staph Aureus
characterized by Staphylococc Edematous culture Dicloxacillin
hyperemia, WBC us Aureus Hard on Oxacillin
 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests
infiltration, and palpation Nafcillin
edema without Peau d Vancomycin
cellular necrosis or orange
suppuration appearance
when areola is
With regional involved
lymphadenopathy, Indistinct
high fever, chills, borders
and malaise
ERYSIPELAS A superficial cellulitis GABS Sharply Face Blood Penicillin
with marked S. Aureus demarcated (bilateral) culture Erythromycin
lymphatic vessel compared to Arms Direct Penicillin-resistant
involvement cellulitis Legs immune Cloxacillin
Shiny fluorescenc Cephalexin
With high fever, Bright red e
chills, and malaise Edematous microscopy
Induration
Tenderness
Plaques

FOLLICULITIS Superficial bacterial S. Aureus Red pimple Painless Areas where None Topical antibiotics
infection and with hair at pustules hair follicles Topical antiseptics
inflammation of the the middle Tender pustules are Systemic antibiotics
hair follicles Itchy numerous
Bumpy

HOT TUB FOLLICULITIS Subtype of P. Aeruginosa None Same as Same as None Clears without
folliculitis, skin rashes folliculitis folliculitis treatment
within 1-5days after
bathing
FURUNCLE Acute, tender, S. Aureus None Nodules Neck Culture Incision and
(Boils, Pigsa) perifollicular Pustules Breast drainage
 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests
inflammatory Painful, firm, Face Topical antibiotic
nodules with fluctuant mass Buttocks (mupirocin, fusidic
suppuration acid)
Multiple furuncles or facial
furuncle
Cloxacillin
Cephalexin

CARBUNCLES A cluster of S. Aureus None Clusters of Nape of the Culture Same as furuncles
furuncles with furuncles neck
subcutaneous Painful
spread of
staphylococcal
infection, resulting
in deep suppuration
often extensive
local sloughing,
slow healing, and a
large scar.

With systemic
manifestation

PARONYCHIAL INFECTIONS Acute or chronic S. Aureus None None Nail margin Culture Dicloxacillin
infection of the Pseudomonas May extend Cephalexin
periungual tissues. Candida beneath the Incision and
They enter through albicans nail drainage
a break in the Proteus sp. Tincture of iodine (if
epidermis resulting Herpes simplex C. albicans is not
from a hangnail, present)
trauma to a nail Ketoconazole (if C.
fold, or chronic albicans is present
irritation Oral nystatin (C.
albicans in GI tract)
 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests
Unresponsive cases
Itraconazole
Fluconazole
ERYTHRASMA A superficial skin Corynebacteri None Scales 3rd 4th Woods Oral erythromycin
infection in um Fissures interspaces light (coral Topical
intertriginous areas. Minutissimum Macerations of toewebs red color) erythromycin
Sharply Genitocrural Skin Tetracycline
Common in DM marginated region scraping
pink to brown Axillae (No hypae)
Recurrence is irregular Submammar
common patches with y folds
fine scaling Abdominal
folds
Perineum

TINEA CRURIS A dermatophyte Trichophyton None Rigned lesion Crural fold KOH Localized lesion
(Jock itch, hadhad) fungal infection of rubrum Lichenification over the (presence Topical antifungal
the groin region Epidermophyt Bilateral adjacent of hyphae) agents alone
on Butterfly upper inner Widespread lesion
appearance in thigh Oral treatment
the inguinal or (bilateral) (ketoconazole,
perianal area econazole)

TINEA CAPITIS Superficial fungal Tirchophyton Boggy Mass Raised, Scalp Culture Topical agents alone not
infection of the Microsporum (kerion) inflamed, Microscopy recommended
scalp boggy : chains of Imidazole cream
granuloma/keri arthrospore Ciclopirox cream
on (M. canis & s Selenium sulfide
M gypseum) (trichophyo (selsun blue)
Small, scaly, n) shampoo
semi-bald Microscopy Griseofulvin
grayish : spore Itraconazole
patches, with sheath Terbinafine
 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests
broken around the
lusterless hairs hair
(M. audouinii) (Microsporu
m)
Woods
light: Bright
green
(microsporu
m)

TINEA VERSICOLOR A scaly Pityrosporum None White, tan, Face KOH Topical treatment
(an-an, ap-ap, alap-ap) hyperpigmented or ovale pink, patches Trunk (spaghetti Sodium thiosulfate
hypopigmented Pityrosporum Very fine scales Neck meatballs) solution
macule orbiculare Abdomen Woods Ketoconazole
(Malassezia Proximal light shampoo 2%
furfur) extremities (golden Selenium sulfide
white) shampoo 2.5%
Ketoconazole
cream
Terbinafine cream
Oral treatment
Itraconzaole
Fluconazole
ketoconazole
TINEA CORPORIS Superficial fungal Dermatophyte None Enlarging raised Trunk Microscopy Localized lesion
(ringworm, buni) infection of the (microsporum, red rings with a Arms Culture Topical agents
arms and legs, Trichophyton) central area of Legs KOH test alone
especially on healing Glabrous skin Widespread lesions
glabrous (smooth (ringworm) Oral treatment
 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests
and bare) skin (+) hair loss in (antifungal)
areas of
infection
Annular red
plaques

TINEA PEDIS Superficial fungal Trichophyton Fungal Vesiculo- Foot None Localized lesion
(athletes food, alipunga) infection of the foot infection of bullous Topical agents
the foot Hyperkeratotic alone
(Moccassin) Widespread lesion
extends Oral treatment with
beyond plantar antifungals
surface
(chronic)
Intertriginous
Maceration

TINEA FACIALE fungal infection of Begin as flat, Topical antifungals

the face scaly spots Oral antifungals
 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests
leading to a
raised border
with clear
central area
Borders are
serpiginous,
annular, or very
irregular

SCABIES A transmissible Sarcptes Burrow Pruritic (most Fingerwebs Acarus test Permethrin 5%
(galis aso) ectoparasite scabieie (Mite) lesions prominent at Wrists CBC: cream
infection, night) papules Antecubital eosinophilia Lindane/Kwell
characterized by and burrows. fossae (Gamma benzene
superficial burrows, Axillae hexachloride)
intense pruritus, and Areolae Crotamiton lotion
secondary Periumbilical or cream
infection. Lower Sulfur lotion
abdomen Systemic ivermectin
Genitals Antihistamines
Buttocks Topical
Infants head corticosteroids
Hands and Systemic steroids for
feet extensive dermatitis
Akapulko
Kakawate

CREEPING ERUPTIONS (CUTANEOUS Ancylostoma None Linear Feet None Thiabendazole

LARVA MIGRANS) braziliense Erythematous Legs
(sandworm, eruption, plumbers (larvae of Serpiginous Buttocks
itch, darkhunters itch) hookworms) lesion Back
Pruritic
Painful
 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests

MOLLUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM Self-limiting Pox virus Smooth, Discrete Face Gramstain: Curettage
waxy umbilicated Genitalia inclusion Cryosurgery
umbilicate papuple Pubic area bodies
papule 2- within many
10mm in large cells
diameter or
extracellula
rly

ACNE Chronic Stress None Comedones Face (most Non Topical and oral
inflammatory Menstruation Popular common) retinoids (skin
disease of the Change of Pustular Trunk regeneration)
pilosebaceuous unit climate/seas Nodular Benzoyl peroxide
on Oral antibiotics for
Some hair and moderate to severe acne
cosmetic Tetracycline
products Doxycycline
Some drugs Minocycline
Some Erythromycin
chemicals Cotrimoxazole
Azithromycin
Cefaclor or
cefadroxil

ROSACEA Chronic Unknown None Telangiectasia Central None Prevention:

 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests
inflammatory Erythema areas of the Marked reduction
disease of the Papules face in alcohol
pilosebaceuous unit Pustules Medical:
Coupled with an Hypertrophy of Metronidazole gel
increase reactivity the nose Sodium
of capillaries (rhinophyma) sulfazetamide
leading to flushing (-) comedones Topical antibiotics
and telangiectasia Systemic antibiotics

Middle age/later
life
ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME Common in males Hereps simplex Target-like Pruritic Hands None Stop the causative agent
Mycoplasma lesions orpainful Face
Mild form: with little Penicillin mouth lesions Genital Severely ill
or no mucous Phenytoin Fever, malaise Bilateral Glucocorticoids
membrane Allopurinol Macule, Antibiotics
involvement Sulfonamides papules then
Vesicles Barbiturates vesicle then
No bullae Idiopathic bullae in center
localized of papules
Dull red In color
Severe form: (+) nicolesky
Always with mucous sign
membrane
involvement
generalized
 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests

ERYYHEMA NODOSUM Common, acute Infection None Bright red Lower legs Culture Symptomatic
inflammatory of Drugs Flat throat for Bed rest
immunologic Other Nodular upon GABS Compressive
reaction pattern of granulomatous palpation Stool for bandages at lower
the subcutaneous or Yersinia legs
fat characterized inflammatory Anti-inflammatory
by the appearance diseases treatment
of painful nodules
on the lower legs

Often with fever or

arthritis

Most common type

of panniculitis

20-30 years old

Probably a delayed
hypersensitivity
reaction

Not a disease
VITILIGO Well demarcated Autoimmune None Symmetric Bony Woods PUVA
hypopigmentation Trauma hypopigmente prominence light: ivory- Skin grafting
Stress d macule or Extremities white color Sunscreen
Cytotoxic patch Hydroquinone
Dermatographi
sm
Koebnerization
 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests

HERPES SIMPLEX Herpes simplex None Grouped Genital II Tzanck Acyclovir

virus I or II vesicles at site Lips/face - I smear:
of inoculation giant
multinuclea
ted cells
within 2-3
days

HERPES ZOSTER Many progress to Herpes virus Dermatomal Unilateral pain Thoracic Smear of Acyclovir
(Shingles) herpes zoster type III distribution Vesiculo- Trigeminal vesicle Gabapentin
opthalmicus, bullous eruption Lumbosacral Tzanck
ramsay hunt Dermatomal smear
syndrome, post neuritic pain
herpetic neuralgia.

Risk factor: previous

chicken pox
(varicella) infection

IMPETIGO Most common S. aureus Honey Bollous (70%) Face None Cloxacillin
bacterial infection GABS (S. colored crust Erythematous Extremities Oxacillin
in chilfre Pyogenes) macules Buttocks
Papulovesicles Thoracic
 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests

ECTHYMA Deep seated S. Pyogenes None Circumscribed, Legs None Localized

bacterial infection S. Aureus ulcerated, Wet compress
of the skin crusted, Debridement
infected lesions Antiseptics
which heals Systemic
with scarring Cloxacillin
Cephalexin
Clindamycin
Penicillin
All should be given
for 10 days
ONYCHOMYCOSIS Trichophyton None Thickened or Nail bed None Pulse therapy
(patay na kuko) distorted nails Nail plate Itraconazole (pulse
treatment
Oral antifungal
 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests
CHICKEN POX Patients with Varicella zoster Dew drops Vesicles- Centrifugal Tzanck Acyclovir
chicken pox are virus on a rose pustules-crust- smear Vitamin a
contagious 1-2 days petal lesion scars cycle
before exanthema
appears and until
last crop of vesicles

Crust are not

infectious

HAND, FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE Resolves Coxsackie virus None Painful vesicles- Hand None Supportive
spontaneously A16 ulcerative Feet measures
Enterovirus lesions Mouth Antihistamine
Analgesics

VERRUCA VULGARIS Contagious HPV 1,2,3,4 None Firm Hands None Salicylic acid
Hyperkeratotic Fingers Lactic acid solution
papules with Curettage
vegetations Crysosurgery
Electrocautery
CO2 laser

VERRUCA PLANA HPV 3 & 10 None Skin-colored or Face None Electrosurgery

most common light brown flat Neck CO2 laser
HPV 28 & 49 papules Dorsa of the Cryosurgery
hands
 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests

CONDYLOMA ACUMINATA HPV 6,11,16,18 None Soft Electrodessiation

(Genital warts) Filiform Cryosurgery
Elongated Imiquimod cream
Cauliflower-like

PITYRIASIS ROSEA Acute Human herpes Christmas Starts with a Oval with None Oral antihistamine
exanthematous virus 7 tree single herald colarette Topical steroids
eruption with a plaque scaling Heliotherapy
distinctive followed in 1-2 Along the Emollients
morphology, which weeks by line of UVB phototherapy
spontaneously generalized cleavage conservative
resolves in 6-12 secondary (Christmas
weeks eruption tree pattern
 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests
Outbreaks
occur in
clusters

SWIMMERS ITCH cercariaeof None Pruritic Spares body Systemic

(cercarial dermatitis, clamdigger nonhuman Erythematous parts antihistamine
dermatitis) schistosome Macular covered by Topical steroids
Papulovesicle clothing
Urticarial
 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests

LEPROSY Chronic Mycobacteriu None Papules Cartilaginous Skin slit Dapson

(Hansens disease) granulomatous m leprae Nodules areas smear Rifampicin
disease Anesthesia Clofazimine
Hair loss

CANDIDIASIS Erythematous Candida None Erythematous Intertriginous None Antifungal

patch involving albicans patch areas ointments or
intertriginous areas Macerations creams
Must leave areas
dry

DIAPER DERMATITIS Dermatitis with Stool Erythema perineal none low moderate
characteristic Urine edema area potent topical
sparing of flexures Diaper use steroid
Poor hygiene
Irritant dermatitis
from stool and urine
 Causative Pathognomo Description of Distribution of Diagnostic
Disease Description Treatment
Agent nic Sign Lesions Lesion Tests
worsened by
maceration and
friction

DYSHIDROTIC ECZEMA Vesico-bullous Palms Resolves within 1-2

eczema Soles weeks
Sides of Potent oral/topic
fingers steroids
Symmetrical PUVA

URTICARIA Descriptive term for Hereditary None Wheal Any None Remove cause
recurrent whealing Stress Dermatographi Reduce triggering
of the skin due to Other various sm factors
transient leakage of factors Dietary
plasma from small modification
blood vessels into Drug mangement
surrounding
cutaneous tissue