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Chapter 1
Introduction
Senior High School is the gate pass before entering college. This is where students
start meeting the strand that is related to the course they will take up in the future. Students
usually hear comments from their friends, relatives, and to those who have experienced how
difficult Senior High School life is and how it feels like. Students must take seriously their
subjects especially their majors. They need to focus in class to avoid further complications in
the future.
The researchers decided to conduct this study open only for Liceo de Cagayan
University, ABM Senior High students of Paseo del Rio Campus, school year 2017-2018.
However, the researchers will randomly select 20 students from each section. The researchers
decided to have this survey because they can easily interact with them and have observe what
might be the internal factors affecting the written academic performance of ABM students
The overall purpose of this research study is to know what internal factors that mainly
have an impact to the students to have a high grades in their written academic performances
in their major subjects. With this study, the researchers will be aware as to what might be the
internal factors that can effect how they do well in their written works. There will be then
The main beneficiaries of this research study will be the teachers and the partcipants
of Liceo de Cagayan University, Paseo del Rio Campus. Through this survey, the learners
will realize that these internal factors can also affect their academic performance.. The
benefits that the participants will get will help them, and if there are factors that they can still
do something, then they will be given a time to do something about it. The benefits that the
teachers will get is that they will be aware about the state of the students. they will know why
these students have failing marks in their written academic performance and why others can
passed it. If the teachers will know the problems that a student is hadling maybe they can
help him/her by talking privately and any other sources just to console and cheer the student.
In this study, there are two variables that need to be defined. First, written-academic
performance, a dependent variable. Second, the major subjects, an independent variable. The
without this, the students wouldn't be able to know their grades or how far they learn about
the lessons. Their grades depend on how they participate or behave in class during
The independent variable of this study are the major subjects because it only stay as it
is. It's what the students need in understanding their major subjects. The researcher says that
if the students won't have an excellent score in their written-academic performance, their
Students are sent to school to learn and enhance their capabilities. For them to
achieve their purpose, teachers are present to help and guide them. The students are expected
to give their focus in the discussion and participate in all of their activities. Their behavior
and response are very important in order to assess whether they are really concentrating or
not.
The students are the one who are accountable to their actions, and how such learnings
could benefit their present and future. However, there are students who are not paying
attention to the teacher. There are a lot of cases also, wherein at the end of the time, students
dont understand the topic and here are the possible reasons: they dont have previous
knowledge about the topic, capabilities ot the students in relation to the subject, emotional
state of the learners, personal problems, they are not motivated that much to study well, and
other internal factors. In this study we will be able to know and find the answers of the
following questions: What common internal factors that have a great impact to the students
written-academic performance in their major subjects? What are the strategies that the
students are using to have a high grades in their written works? How much time does a
If these internal factors noted above will continue, the grades of the students will
decrease that may become one of the reasons why theyll lose dedication to study. They will
also get left behind about the lessons and their capabilities might not be enhanced. In relation
to this, the researchers want to know the internal factors that affect the students performance
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towards their major subjects by conducting a survey to the select ABM students of Paseo del
Rio Campus. By having this, the learners will be then aware as to these internal factors that
can also affect their academic performance. Thus, there is a need to know these factors for
the learners to change or improve theirselves to become a better student and to form them to
The significance of this study includes the varieties of the students grade in their
This reseach also aims to assess the individual problems and motivations that
significantly impacts their daily works in their student life. Moreover, it infers to their
individual external factors that they should motivate the students by helping them through
spiritual, moral and financial needs so that they will not be distinct to the society they are in.
Additionally, it questions the major fields wether those subjects will unlock the students full
potential of perception and their individual capacities to achieve something in their future
and that the said subjects they are taking will help and have a major impact to their
prospective careers they will take. However, if the external factors failed to do their part,
there will be tendencies that the students would not anticipate their said major subject in
which, it affects their individual grades to be dramatically lowered down to its failing marks.
The Students, this will give them the idea about the reasons as to why they have a
hard time understanding their major subjects. In line with this they will be motivated to act
The Teachers, having the knowledge why their students have a hard time
understanding the subject is a way already for them to do something and make it more easier
to understand. They can also motivate the students by talking to them privately in a gentle
manner to better understand the students reasons why he/she cannot focus in class.
The Community, to have students who are really dedicated in studying can have a
great impact to our community. They can be the reason or way to have a change in the state
we have right now. The students learnings will be great help to the community especially if
The researchers, this research can be a source or basis of the other future
researchers. This may help them to have an idea and achieve their purpose in their stdy also.
The main focus of this study is to determine the common factors of comprehension
that affect the students of Paseo del Rio Campus in understanding their major subjects. The
study is open to all Senior High School students of Paseo del Rio Campus. However, the
researchers will randomly select 20 students each section for this will be accessible for the
researchers to approach their respondents. The study is also limited to the major subjects
because these are what the students need to enhance in their strand and future career. This
study is beneficiary to the students. It will help the students avoid the negative factors that
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affect the students' comprehension in their major subjects and will stick to the positive
factors.
Chapter 2
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
This chapter includes the purpose of the research analysis which involves the review of
the respondents to provide honest and literary reactions to the questions prepared for
them.
Kirsten McKenzie & Robert Schwiter (2010) presents with the increasing diversity
year Australian university students. Questionnaires were distributed to 197 first year
students 4 to 8 weeks prior to the end of semester exams and overall grade point averages
the most significant predictor of university performance. Integration into university, self
Identifying the factors that influence academic performance can improve the targeting of
Farahnaz Movahedzadeh et al. (2014) said that according to the students who
participated in the study, motivation is the leading cause behind students failure or
academic readiness, and so on. Through the college learning environment, learning
materials, and instructional pedagogy, faculty, educators, and college administrators can
help students succeed. Students who have a good understanding of the content being
taught are generally more motivated and have a more positive attitude and thus have a
greater chance of doing well in their schoolwork. Students know it is their responsibility
to do well, but many students need extra support from their college and instructors to keep
Chemers, M. M., Hu, L.-t., & Garcia, B. F. (2001) presents a longitudinal study of
1st-year university student adjustment examined the effects of academic self-efficacy and
school. Predictor variables (high school grade-point average, academic self-efficacy, and
ability) were measured at the end of the first academic quarter and were related to
classroom performance, personal adjustment, stress, and health, measured at the end of the
school year. Academic self-efficacy and optimism were strongly related to performance
performance, stress, health, and overall satisfaction and commitment to remain in school.
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Endya B. Stewart (2007) said that the research examines the extent to which
individual-level and school structural variables are predictors of academic achievement
among a sample of 10th-grade students abstracted from the National Educational
Longitudinal Study database. A secondary analysis of the data produced the following
findings. The study results show that individual-level predictors, such as student effort,
parentchild discussion, and associations with positive peers, play a substantial role in
increasing students' achievement. Furthermore, the results also suggest that school
climatein particular, the sense of school cohesion felt by students, teachers, and
administratorsis important to successful student outcomes. In total, school structural
characteristics were found to have relatively small effects on student achievement when
compared with individual-level characteristics. Given these results, interventions aimed at
improving academic achievement need take into consideration the impact of individual-
level and school structural factors on students and their ability to succeed.
Furrer, C., & Skinner, E. (2003) said that children's sense of relatedness is vital to
their academic motivation from 3rd to 6th grade. Children's (n = 641) reports of relatedness
predicted changes in classroom engagement over the school year and contributed over and
above the effects of perceived control. Regression and cumulative risk analyses revealed
that relatedness to parents, teachers, and peers each uniquely contributed to students'
engagement, especially emotional engagement. Girls reported higher relatedness than boys,
but relatedness to teachers was a more salient predictor of engagement for boys. Feelings of
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relatedness to teachers dropped from 5th to 6th grade, but the effects of relatedness on
engagement were stronger for 6th graders. Discussion examines theoretical, empirical, and
practical implications of relatedness as a key predictor of children's academic motivation
and performance.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
The research team hypothesized that the students own understanding and daily motivation
could influence their future career wether in success or in failure and in which, the factors
that affects the respondents comprehension towards their major subjects will be applied to
Conducting the study, Factors That Affect Senior High School Students
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Motivation - the reason or reasons one has for acting or behaving in a particular way.
External factors can impact the ability of the person of business to achieve its strategic
Beneficiary - a person who derives advantage from something, especially a trust, will, or life
insurance policy.
Chapter 3
METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research setting, research design, respondents of the study,
research instrument, validity and reliability, statistical treatment needed for the analysis in the
research.
Research Setting
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The researchers decided to conduct this study is open only for Liceo de Cagayan
University, Senior High students of Paseo del Rio Campus, school year 2017-2018.
However, the researchers will randomly select 20 students each section for this will be
Research Design
The study is presenting a qualitative research in which, the researchers want to depict
the students behavior in spending their money, thus the study give strategies that they may
spread financial literacy for it will help them formulate potential income and maintain their
financial resources healthy. The researchers use Case study design to give ideologies to the
problem, that it will provide background data for future purposes and it will explain socio-
The respondents of the study are the selected Grade 11 and 12 ABM students of
Paseo del Rio Campus. The researchers chose them as their respondents since the
respondents and the researchers are both enrolled in the same strand and in the same campus.
Research Instrument
acquire data in response to the problems of the study. The contents of the questionnaire will
The researchers gathered reliable scholarly articles. The factors have indeed a great
impact to the students why they cannot focus in class and understand the lessons. One of
the articles there said that motivation had a positive predictive utility on positive emotions
The researchers ensure that the articles stated are reliable or can be trusted. For the
researchers think that this can be of great help to the aspiring researchers who will have this
The research teacher of the researchers checked their study and have come up to ask
questions and give comments and here are some of the questions asked: Does your study
have an easy access to your respondents?, Is your study related to business and
management/ strand?, What will you use to conduct your research?, and How can this
study help your respondents?. Through these questions the researchers was given an idea
as to what are the possible questions mght be raised in the defense day. Through this, the
researchers further research articles about their study and gathered it all.
Statistical Treatment
In this study, the researchers will conduct the Slovins Formula. It is used to calculate
the sample size (n) given the population (N) and a margin of error (e). It is a random
n = N/ (1+Ne2)
where:
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n = no. of samples
N = total population
e = margin of error