A PROJECT ON

EVALUATING THE POTENTIAL OF END USER BASED SERVICES ON THE 3G

PLATFORM IN INDIA.

UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI

SUBMITTED BY PROJECT GUIDE

SHAIBAZ KADIR KHAN Ms. SHALINI RAJ

SRN NO:-2011030024

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES TYBMS

SEMESTER- V

S.K. COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND COMMERCE

NERUL, NAVI MUMBAI 400706

COLLEGE CODE 874

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Page | 2
 DECLARATION
I SHAIBAZ KADIR KHAN student of Third Year BMS of S.K. College of Science and

Commerce (Nerul- East) declare that I have completed the project on the working of

EVALUATING THE POTENTIAL OF END USER BASED SERVICES ON THE 3G

PLATFORM IN INDIA in the academic year 2013-14 as per requirement of Mumbai

university as a part of Bachelor in Management Studies (BMS) Programme.

The information presented in this project is accurate and original to the best of my

knowledge.

Date: SHAIBAZ KADIR KHAN

Place: Name & Sign of Student.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.

I, Mr. SHAIBAZ KADIR KHAN would take this opportunity to thank University of

Mumbai for providing me an opportunity to study on WORKING OF EVALUATING THE

POTENTIAL OF END USER BASED SERVICES ON THE 3G PLATFORM IN INDIA;

this has been an enormous learning experience.

I would like to acknowledge and thank people who made this project work possible, Ms.

SHALINI RAJ who has been guiding force to me while doing this project and the teaching staff

of my college, friends for providing their help as when required to complete this project.

Without their support and encouragement, making this report would have been impossible for

me.

I would also like to thank the respondents who provided me their best knowledge and co-

operation throughout the project.

SHAIBAZ KADIR KHAN

Name and Sign of the student.

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 INDEX
SR.NO CHAPTER NAME PAGE NO.

1 INTRODUCTION

2 RESEARCH DESIGN

3 COMPANY PROFILE

4 DATA INTERPRETATION

5 FINDINGS

6 SUGGESTIONS/RECOMMENDATION

7 CONCLUSION

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 EVALUATING THE POTENTIAL OF
END USER BASED SERVICES ON THE
3G PLATFORM IN INDIA.

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Page | 7
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.
The mobile communications industry continues to undergo significant changes as more users in

growth markets gain access to mobile communications, enterprise becomes increasingly mobile,

the importance of end-to-end solutions increases, and technology continues to evolve. Another

trend is an increased emphasis on the role of customization in mobile devices. These changes

have demanded a guilty and flexibility from industry players to adapt to new market conditions.

Today, Mobility is expanding into new areas such as imaging, games, entertainment, media and

enterprises. There are new mobile services already taking telecommunication industry forward

and creating new opportunities. At the same time, major opportunities still exist in bringing

mobile voice to completely new users.

The Telecommunication industry has reached the crossroads. The ever changing technology and

decreasing revenues of the operators has made it important for the Mobile operators to change

with time. Mobile operations of Telco are progressively overtaking fixed line operations. This is

largely due to fixed-line operators not having introduced significant new products, services or

cost-saving technologies in the same way that mobile operators have. However, despite retaining

their role as cash cows for incumbent operators, fixed and mobile voice services are

progressively being overtaken by broadband. Increasingly, operators will need to take a holistic

view of the market, necessitating a total review of their business models.

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Summary.

Faced with uncertainty over the demand for new 3G services and a growing multitude of

technology evolution paths, mobile operators in India must now commit to 3G network roll-outs

and service launches. Rather than being driven by 3G license requirements, competitor actions or

short-term cost savings, operators must take control of their own destinies.

Mobile operators need to make critical decisions about what all 3G services will be successful in

India and whether Indian end user is ready for a dive into the 3G Multimedia wave. Mobile

operators need to access the choice of technology and the speed, depth and breadth of roll-out of

these services. By evaluating the diverse approaches being pursued worldwide, and wide variety

of these services and applications being used around the world, this report on the basis of Market

research identifies the most appropriate Service choices for Indian End user based on diversity of

Indian culture.

Therefore through this market research project on Evaluating the potential of end user based

services on the 3G platform in India , I will try to get a more realistic picture of the set of

applications and services that will be accepted by the Indian end user. I will also identify the

main set of revenue models that can be tried with these services thus presenting a clear picture on

which tariff plans are preferred by the Consumers. This Market Research also helps in

identifying the consumer psych which can help the Mobile operators to target these services

accurately in the minds of the consumer.

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INTRODUCTION

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 WHAT IS 3G..?
3G stands for third generation, and is a wireless industry term for a collection of international

standards and technologies aimed at increasing efficiency and improving the performance of

mobile wireless networks.

3G wireless services offer enhancements to current applications, including greater data speeds,

increased capacity for voice and data and the advent of packet data networks versus todays

switched networks.

3G, short for third Generation, is the third generation of mobile telecommunications technology.

3G telecommunication networks support services that provide an information transfer rate of at

least 200 kbit/s. However, many services advertised as 3G provide higher speed than the

minimum technical requirements for a 3G service. Later 3G releases, often

denoted3.5G and 3.75G, also provide mobile broadband access of

several Mbits to smartphones and mobile modems in laptop computers.

3G finds application in wireless voice telephony, mobile Internet access, fixed wireless Internet

access, video calls and mobile TV.

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 INTRODUCTION TO 3G WIRELESS.

3G stands for third generation, and is a wireless industry term for a collection of international

standards and technologies aimed at increasing efficiency and improving the performance of

mobile wireless networks.

3G wireless services offer enhancements to current applications, including greater data speeds,

increased capacity for voice and data and the advent of packet data networks versus todays

switched networks.

As second-generation (2G) wireless networks evolve into third-generation systems around the

globe operators are working hard to enable 2G and 3G compatibility and worldwide roaming,

including 3G UMTS, GSM, GPRS, IS-95A/B, 3G CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000 1xEV

technologies.

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 THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF 3G.
3G is a generic term covering a range of future wireless network technologies, including

WCDMA, CDMA2000, UMTS and EDGE.

3G combines high-speed mobile access with Internet Protocol (IP) based services. This doesn't

just mean fast mobile connection to the World Wide Web - by liberating us from slow

connections, cumbersome equipment and immovable access points, 3G will enable new ways to

communicate, access information, conduct business and learn. This is summarised in the diagram

on below produced by Allied Business.

CDMA:- Code Division Multiple Access.

WCDMA:- Wideband Code Division Multiple Access.

UMTS: - Universal Mobile Telecommunications System.

EDGE :- Enhanced Data for Global Evolution.

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 ADOPTION.
The first African use of 3G technology was a 3G video call made in Johannesburg on

the Vodacom network in November 2004. The first commercial launch was by Emtel-ltd in

Mauritius in 2004. In late March 2006, a 3G service was provided by the new company Wana in

Morocco. In May 2007, Safaricom launched 3G services in Kenya while later that year by

Vodacom Tanzania also started providing services. In February 2012 Bharti Airtel Launched a

3.75G Network in selected cities in Kenya with a countrywide rollout planned for later in the

year. In Egypt, Mobinil launched the service in 2008 and in Somaliland, Telesom started first 3G

services on 3 July 2011, to both prepaid and postpaid subscription customers.

Telecommunication networks in Nigeria like Globacom, Airtel and MTN provide 3G services to

their numerous customers.

11 December 2008, India entered the 3G arena with the launch of 3G enabled Mobile and Data

services by Government owned Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd MTNL in Delhi and later

in Mumbai. MTNL becomes the first 3G Mobile service provider in India. After MTNL, another

state operator Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. (BSNL) launched 3G services on 22 Feb 2009

in Chennai and later launched 3G as Nationwide. The auction of 3G wireless spectrum was

announced in April 2010 and 3G Spectrum allocated to all private operators on 1 September

2010.

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 3G HISTORY AND BACKGROUND.
3G has dominated the modern world in just a few years. Although the technology is relatively

new, there are already so many devices taking advantage of the functions. You can use it

regardless of location, so work and leisure becomes more efficient. You have to know a little

about 3G history to know how unique it is compared to other updates in the past. Here are some

details and applications of the technology.

Defining 3G.

3G is also called third generation. It is named as such because it is the third generation of the

standards of telecommunication hardware. It is also the general technology for mobile

networking, passing the recent 2.5G. The technology is founded on the ITU or International

Telecommunication Union group of standards which belongs to the IMT-2000.

3G networks allow network operators to provide users a bigger range of the latest services, as it

gets bigger network capacity via heightened spectral efficiency. The included services are video

calls, wide-area wireless voice telephone and broadband wireless information, all included

within the mobile environment. More features included are HSPA data transmission capacities

that can send data rates reaching 14.4 Mbit/s on the downlink and the uplink at 5.8 Mbit/s.

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Networks.

Different to the IEEE 802.11 networks, that are usually known as WLAN or Wi-Fi networks, the

3G networks cover a very wide area of cellular telephone networks that turn into incorporate

high-speed internet connection and video telephony. IEEE 802.11 networks have a short range,

with high-bandwidth networks mainly created and improved for data and information.

History and Start.

The first 3G network offered for commercial use was launched in Japan by NTT DoCoMo. The

network had the brand name FOMA and was introduced in May 2001 on a W-CDMA

technology pre-release. The initial commercial launch of 3G was also done by NTT DoCoMo in

Japan. This happened on October 1, 2001, although the technology was still very limited in terms

of scope at the beginning. The broad availability, due to inadequate reliability had to be delayed.

SK Telecom from South Korea was the second network that was released commercially live.

This was on the 1xEV-DO technology dated January 2002. In May 2002, the second 3G network

from South Korea was on EV-DO by KTF, posing Koreans as the first to view the competition of

all 3G operators.

Isle of Man by Manx Telcom was the first pre-commercial network released from Europe. At

that time, the operator went by the name British Telecom. Telenor opened the first commercial

network in Europe for business in December 2001. There were no commercial handsets,

however, so there was also zero clients. These were on the W-CDMA technology

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The United States.

The first 3G network in the United States that was released commercially was by Monet Mobile

Networks. This was on CDMA2000 1x EV-DO technology. Later on, the network provider had

to shut down operations. Verizon Wireless released the second 3G network operator in the

United States in October 2003.

This was on CDMA2000 EV-DO, with a strongly growing network since. More and more

countries adopted the changing technology and incorporated the use of 3G with mobile phones

and handsets. Today, 3G is a very common feature among modern models and designs, with

more innovations and heightened efficiency being introduced every year.

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 3G USES AND FEATURES.
3G was successfully launched and introduced to millions of consumers all over the globe.

However, there are still some features and uses that are still questioned by many. Knowing the

effects and details will help you take advantage of aspects like price, functions and accessibility.

Here are some more information regarding the full uses of 3G technology.

Some of the concerns between users and consumers are the pricey fees of input given for the 3G

service agreements and service licenses. Expense of 3G phones are also currently on the rise, as

more and more people are becoming aware of the advantages in terms of speed and connectivity.

There is a big amount of debt at present sustained by various telecommunication companies,

making it a very huge challenge to create the important infrastructure for 3G technology. There

are also several differences in the terms of the license.

There may also be lack of member state support for financially challenged operators. There can

be inadequate buy-in by 2G mobile users for the new services of 3G wireless. The prices of 3G

mobile services in various nations can be very high, which includes access to the internet. There

is also inadequacy of users required for 3G voice and data services in a handset or mobile

device.

More Uses.

3G is the most recent wireless technology available, although there are now plans immediately of

using 4G. The technology is also popular as UMTS or Universal Mobile Telecommunications

System, which is a progress over 2G or second generation. This provides wireless access to

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information and data to consumers from all areas of the world and at different times and dates.

This is the latest mobile technology and is described as a generic name for mobile technology

host. 3G cellular phones are the very first released in Japan in October 2001. The 3G phone was

created and designed for users to have the ability to surf the internet, watch movies, download

songs and videos and view pictures of other individuals that they are in contact with.

Some Benefits.

You can perform all the functions in a 3G phone, as you would normally do with your current

mobile device. The speed, efficiency and connectivity will be better than before, however. 3G

technology offers you faster connectivity, music entertainment with the best quality and faster

internet access. The advantages are so many so you can easily get other benefits like quick and

easy video calling, video call facility, clearer communication experiences and faster speeds when

the two parties are using 3G technology.

Accessibility.

Because of easy and fast accessibility, you get to enjoy data transmission speed up to a

maximum of 2 Mbps, if the individual is using the cellular phone on stationary phone. This also

gives bigger and faster data transfer rates of increased networking and connectivity. On top of it

all, you get to enjoy noise resistance.

The technology has increased bit rate that allows service providers to give high speed internet

facilities, host of the multimedia applications to customers and heightened call volumes. The

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prices of units will differ, depending on the features and service provider. When you are in a

moving vehicle, expect to have slower speeds than usual.

There are also greater potentials for the uses of 3G. These are still currently being worked on by

professionals.

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 DEVELOPMENT FROM 2G TO 3G.

The 2G Network.

Initially, 2G networks were created mainly for slow transmission and voice data. Because of the

quick changes in the expectations of users, these no longer meet the requirements today in terms

of wireless connection. The movement and evolution from 2G to 3G technology can be divided

into several phases, namely GPRS, EDGE and pure 3G.

On GPRS.

The first big step in the move to 3G happened through the launching and launching of General

Packet Radio Service or GPRS. The cellular services, mixed with GPRS resulted to 2.5G. GPRS

was capable of giving data rates ranging from 56 kbit/s up to a maximum of 114 kbit/s. This can

be used for services like WAP or Wireless Application Protocol access, MMS or Multimedia

Messaging Service, SMS or Short Message Service and internet communication services like

World Wide Web access and email.

The data transfer of GPRS is usually charged for each megabyte of traffic being transferred,

while the data communication via the usual circuit switching is charged by the minute of

connection period, regardless of whether the consumer actually used the capability or is just in

idle mode.

GPRS is a top-effort packet switched service, compared to circuit switching, where there is a

given QoS or Quality of Service is certified during the connection for non-mobile users. It gives

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medium speed data transfer, via the use of idle Time division multiple access or TDMA

channels. Before, there used to be some believe to stretch GPRS to take over other standards.

Instead, the networks are usually changed to use the standard of GSM, making GSM the new

release. The original standard was conducted by the ETSI or European Telecommunications

Standards Institute, but is now the 3GPP or 3rd Generation Partnership Project.

The EDGE.

The GPRS networks have changed significantly to EDGE networks, through the presentation of

8PSK encoding. Enhanced information rates for EDGE or GSM Evolution, IMT Single Carrier

or IMT-SC and Enhanced GPRS is a reverse-compatible digital mobile phone technology,

allowing improved data transmission rates, as an extension over the standard GSM. EDGE can

be counted as a 3G radio technology, involved in ITU's 3G description, but is usually frequently

referred to as 2.75G. EDGE was launched on GSM networks, starting in 2003, by Cingular now

at the start in the United States.

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RESEARCH DESIGN.

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 Research Objective.
Evaluating the potential of end user based services on the 3G platform in India

Research Questions.
What are the Services the Indian Consumer is looking for and is he willing to go for these

services? To What extent is the consumer willing to pay for these services?

For what purpose will the consumer be using these services so as to understand the

consumer Psyche and target these services accurately?

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 SCOPE OF STUDY.
The research aims in identifying consumer preference towards 3G services. The scope of third

generation mobile services that will allow voice, video and data in a full-fledged manner on

mobile phones in India, is likely to be limited, a global research report said.

"While operators in India and Brazil are optimistic about potential 3G licensing by the year-end,

we believe there is substantial risk to this timeline given the ongoing issues related to spectrum

and licensing costs. In addition, the 3G deployments will primarily be driven by voice capacity

requirements in the medium term, which limit deployments to large urban areas," global equity

research firm Credit Suisse said in its 'India Telecom Tour' report.

It further said as 3G handset prices is likely to limit demand to the high end of the market for at

least next few years, there is limited evidence that WCDMA handsets will represent a substantial

portion of handset shipments to these markets over the next three to five years.

The issues which remain to be addressed include the potential cost of 3G spectrum (if any) the

frequency to be allocated with the most logical solution based on international standards

appearing to be 2100 Mhz for GSM and 1900 Mhz for CDMA operators and any limitation on

the timing and scope of 3G services, which is most relevant for CDMA operators who have the

technical capabilities to deploy EVDO today.

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 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY.
The project is titled Evaluating the potential of end user based services on the 3G

platform in India .

The significance of this study is enumerated as follows:

It gives an in depth knowledge about 3G technology and how 3G technology is the next

Big thing for the Indian Mobile communication industry.

This Research tells us about which all services is the Indian end user looking for from the

pool of 3G services.

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 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT.
The main objective of this project lies in Evaluating the potential of end user based

services on the 3G platform in India however there are other objectives also, which are as

follows:

To study and learn from the experience of various 3G operators around the world.

To identify the Major 3G Applications and Services that are being offered to the end user

around the world.

To establish with the help of Questionnaires about whether Indian end user is ready for

3G Services or not.

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 SAMPLE SELECTION.
The sample size of 40 is taken with equal amount of responses from all the three segments, thus

25 Responses each from all the three segments.

The Total sample size will be divided into 3 consumer segments which are:

1. Corporates/Service Class.

2. Businessman (Small and Medium enterprises).

3. Public opinion survey (Teenagers/Students/housewifes).

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 DATA COLLECTION.
The data for research is collected through the following ways:

Primary Data:-

Questionnaire

Secondary Data:-

Journals of 3GP Association.

News Articles on 3G.

Websites of the Operators offering 3G Services.

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COMPANY PROFILE.

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 VODAFONE.
Vodafone India Limited, formerly Vodafone Essar Limited, is the third largest mobile network operator in

India after Airtel and Reliance Communication by subscriber base. It is based in Mumbai, Maharashtra.[2]

It has approximately 147.48 million customers as of December 2012. over mobile phones". The name

Vodafone comes from voice data fone, chosen by the company to "reflect the provision of voice

and data services.

3G IN VODAFONE.

On 19 May 2010, the 3G spectrum auction in India ended. Vodafone paid 11617.86 million

(the second highest amount in the auctions) for spectrum in 9 circles. The circles it will provide

3G in are Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Kolkata, Maharashtra & Goa, Mumbai, Tamil Nadu, Uttar

Pradesh (East) and West Bengal.

On 16 March 2011, Vodafone launched 3G services in Uttar Pradesh (East) in the city of

Lucknow Vodafone had already launched limited 3G services in Chennai and Delhi earlier, but

the Uttar Pradesh (East) launch counts as its first fully commercial launch. This makes Vodafone

the fifth private operator (seventh overall) to launch its 3G services in the country following Tata

Docomo, Reliance Communications, Airtel and Aircel.

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On 23 June 2011 Vodafone launched 3G service in Kerala by joining with Idea in an Intra Circle

Roaming agreement. Initially Vodafone 3G services will be available in the following cities in

Kerala Ernakulam, Aluva, Calicut, Koyilandy, Alappuzha, Cherthala, Malappuram and

Manjeri. On 28 June 2012, Vodafone launched a new international roaming package under

which the users shall have not to pay multiple rentals in the countries they are visiting.

VODAFONE DELIGHTS.

Vodafone launched Vodafone Delights in October 2011 that offered customers benefits on

travel, lifestyle, dining and entertainment with other commercial establishments. These benefits

could be availed by the customers by sending a SMS or dialing a USSD code. The Vodafone

Delights commercials depicted a budding friendship between two schoolgirls who would go out

of their way to treat the other. The jingle Little things you do for me appreciated by every

viewer and struck a chord a chord especially with the youngsters.

MADE FOR YOU OFFERS.

The Vodafone 'Made For You campaign was launched in November 2012. It was a set of three

commercials that were practically identical except for the situations that had been portrayed. The

first television spot was set in a tailor's shop, the second at the barbershop and the third in a

fitness centre. Together they created a montage of shots of people talking to the camera and

providing detailed specifications about their needs in every situation.

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 3G SERVICES WITH DATA PLANS IN VODAFONE.

VIDEO CALLING.
Youve got a call? Why not make it a video call? Now see all your friends as you chat with them

on your mobile phone with Vodafone 3G.

Just dial the number and enjoy

CHARGES:

Home Outgoing: Rs 3/min

Roam Incoming: Rs 3/min

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VODAFONE TV

Cant afford to miss your favourite TV serial? Want a ball-by-ball update of the latest cricket

match? Get it all on Vodafone TV.

Here are a few other channels you can enjoy with Vodafone TV:Times Now, NDTV, Zoom, Star

Network, National Geographic, Discovery & Cartoon Network.

To check if your phone is Vodafone TV compatible,

click here.

To download the Vodafone TV application sms TV

to 111 (toll free).

Charges:
Rs 150 / month - All channels

Rs 7 / day - All channels

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HIGH SPEED INTERNET.
How fast is too fast? Get on the fast lane with Vodafone 3G. Upload pictures and videos, share

files and do much more with high speed internet right on your mobile phone

HD GAMING.

Here is a smarter way to play. Vodafone 3G offers you an enhanced gaming experience with

faster speeds. Just download cool games and enjoy them right on your mobile.

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SECONDARY DATA ANLYSIS

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 HOW 3G WORKS?
The main principle of Spread Spectrum communication is that the bandwidth occupancy is much

higher than usual. Because of this much larger bandwidth the power spectral density is lower, in

the channel the signal just looks like noise. The Spreading is done by combining the data signal

with a code (code division multiple access) which is independent of the transmitted data

message.

A number of advantages are:

As the signal is spread over a large frequency-band, the Power Spectral Density is getting

very small, so other communications systems do not suffer from this kind of

communications. However the Gaussian Noise level is increasing.

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 Random Access can be dealt with, as a large number of codes can be generated a large

number of users can be permitted.

The maximal number of users is interference limited.

Security: without knowing the spreading code, it is (nearly) impossible to recover the

transmitted data.

Fading rejection: as a large bandwidth is used the system is less susceptible to distortions.

There are a couple of Spread Spectrum Techniques which can be used. The most famous one is

Direct-Sequence (DS) also well-known is Frequency-Hopping (FH). A combination of these two

(DS/FH) offers a lot of advantages over the other two and will be the basis of the proposed

system.

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Direct sequence.
Direct Sequence is the most famous Spread Spectrum Technique. The data signal is multiplied

by a Pseudo Random Noise Code (PN-code).

A PN-code is a sequence of chips valued -1 and 1 (polar) or 0 and 1 (non-polar). The number of

chips within one code is called the period of this code. A PN-code is a noise-like code with

certain properties.

Several classes of binary (2-phase) PN-codes exist: M-sequences (base), Gold-codes and

Kasami-codes. There exists also 4-phase codes , these aren't taken into account yet. A PN-code

can be created by means of one or more shift registers. When the length of such a shift register is

in general the following can be said about the period

N = 2 (raised to power of n) - 1

In the most simple case a complete PN-code is multiplied with a single data bit (see figure, in

this example). The bandwidth of the data signal is now multiplied by a factor , this factor is

said to be the processing gain

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Frequency hopping.
When using Frequency Hopping, the carrier frequency is 'hopping' according to a known

sequence (of length ). In this way the bandwidth is also increased. If the channels are non-

overlapping the factor of spreading is , this factor is equal to the Processing Gain. The

process of frequency hopping is shown below

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Page | 41
WORKING DIAGRAMS OF 3G
TECHNOLOGY.

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Page | 43
 MANAGING NETWORK DEVICES AT
REMOTE PIPELINE MONITORING
STATIONS.

It doesnt matter if the pipeline is carrying drinking water or crude oil; large commercial

pipelines require constant monitoring and maintenance to ensure structural integrity and pipeline

security. In order to make certain that pipelines are mechanically sound and free of potential

problems, monitoring stations are typically installed at regular intervals in the pipeline to check

conditions such as pipeline pressure, leakage, developing corrosion, unacceptably high or low

temperatures and other factors. In many pipeline applications, these monitoring stations will also

include security devices such as CCTV, sensors and other security monitoring apparatus to help

guard the pipeline from unauthorized intruders.

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In most cases, the sensors and security equipment at each pipeline monitoring station are linked

to a central control facility using an Ethernet LAN backbone (typically a hard cable connection

or satellite network.) This allows administrators at the control facility to easily monitor pipeline

conditions at hundreds of separate pipeline monitoring stations and effectively dispatch tech

teams to address any problems that might arise.

This works well under ideal conditions, but if the primary in-band connection fails or if

inclement weather makes satellite communication unviable, then a 3G/4G cellular broadband

network often provides the only workable alternative for back-up, out-of-band communication

with remote pipeline monitoring stations.

In this case, remote administrators and IT support personnel can connect to the network at the remote

pipeline monitoring station via cellular broadband in order to restore communication with the primary

network using tools such as a serial console server or switched PDU installed at the monitoring station.

Since rack space is often fairly cramped at these remote monitoring stations, a hybrid device, such as an

RSM-8R8 Console + Power Combo unit can provide the ideal solution, by allowing both access to console

port functions on remote devices, plus remote control of power switching and reboot functions in a

single 1U device. In pipeline monitoring applications that rely on DC power, a WTI RPC Remote DC

Power Switch and TSM-40DC Serial Console Server can be employed to provide out-of-band

management capabilities.

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MANAGING NETWORK DEVICES IN
WAYSIDE RAILROAD APPLICATIONS.

At first glance, the task of managing thousands of miles of rail road track and keeping an eye on

hundreds of units of rolling stock can seem particularly overwhelming. Fortunately, digital

technology vastly simplifies this challenge by providing railroads with a means to remotely

monitor train status and rail status from central administration centers, often located miles from

the sites that they are monitoringIn order to ensure safety and streamline the process of managing

a huge, complicated rail system, modern railroad tracks are often lined with a series of small,

wayside monitoring stations. In addition to monitoring rail traffic and switching status, these

wayside stations can also be used to check track conditions, weather conditions and bridge safety

as well as controlling track lubrication and other functions. Without these wayside monitoring

stations, the task of managing a large rail system would require a veritable army of on-site

personnel.

A typical wayside monitoring station might include sensors to monitor train speed, traffic levels,

open/closed track switches and track wear conditions and icing, plus security cameras and other

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devices to ensure track security. The safety, security and monitoring functions provided by these

wayside stations are so important, that when one or more of these stations are down, rail traffic

often grinds to a halt until the problem can be corrected. Obviously, an efficient, reliable out-of-

band management for these wayside stations is absolutely imperative.

Due to the remote nature of many of these wayside monitoring stations, a workable out-of-band

management solution will typically rely on cellular broadband communication. When normal

network communication is not available, remote administrators can communicate with the

wayside monitoring station via 3G/4G modem in order to reboot unresponsive devices, power-on

back-up equipment or access console port command functions on devices at the wayside station.

A 3G/4G cellular broadband based, out-of-band management solution enables administrators at

distant control centers to instantly establish emergency contact with a wayside station in order to

promptly restore monitoring capabilities, without shutting down the track or waiting for a service

team to travel to the remote site. A WTI RSM-8R8 Console + Power Hybrid unit can provide

remote, out-of-band console port access and power reboot functions for AC powered wayside

stations, while the combination of a WTI RPC Remote DC Power switch working in tandem

with a TSM-40DC Serial Console Server can cover port access an power switching requirements

in DC powered wayside station applicatio

Page | 47
 WHAT 3G HAS TO OFFER?

With 3G technology, communication is becoming richer. 3G opens up to a large array of

services and applications, from rich seamless call to wireless internet at speed faster than the

wired broadband. The table below shows the wide variety of services that can be availed with 3G

and there are much more related services that can be availed and which are linked to these

features such as mobile blogging, mobile TV, and many more. With 3G we also get faster

business connectivity, faster streaming and faster content download.

Communication is becoming Richer , thanks to 3G

Browse Video Seamless Push to Talk

Internet Calling Voice

Messaging Access
corporate
email

Share Pic, Video

Music, Video 3G Sharing

Video Push to
Sharing show

Interactive Mobile Ring tones, Rich Call

3D Gaming meeting games DL

Page | 48
3G offers a wide variety of services to
choose from.

Page | 49
 3G APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES.
Secondary data is collected so as to learn and study the practices of major 3G operators

around the world and identify the main 3G services and applications that they are offering to the

consumer around the world.

Secondary data study is carried out to learn from experience of previous researches and study the

strategy and business models:-

Journals of 3GP Association.

News Articles on 3G.

Websites of the Operators offering 3G Services.

Business reports provided by the Mobile operators offering 3G.

The secondary data also covers the tariff models that other operators are using around the world

so that after going through various tariff models, the best tariff model can be recommended to

the Indian operator.

The Various are the list of 3G applications and services and their Tariffs that are being used by

various operators around the world.

Page | 50
Operator:- Verizon Wireless (US).

Service Type:-Audio Downloading, Audio Streaming.

Overview:-

With V CAST Music, customers can download music over the 3G EV-DO network

directly to their 3G wireless phones and to their Windows XP PCs, and can transfer new

and existing digital music from the PC to their wireless phone.

V CAST Music lets customers immerse themselves in their favorite music with music

videos, artist alerts, album art and more.

One million songs are available on V CAST Music.

Tariff:-

$15 V CAST VPAK per month.

$2.50 per download to 3G mobile device.

$0.99 per download to Windows XP PC.

Operator:- Cingular USA.

Service Type:- Video Streaming.

Overview

Allow users to watch video clips from HBO shows on their phones.

Users could also get tones, graphics, and games from their favorite HBO shows!

Page | 51
Tariff:-

HBO Mobile: $4:99/month.

HBO Family: $2:99/month.

Operator:- Vodafone UK.

Service Type:- Mobile TV.

Overview:-

With the Vodafone Live! Mobile TV service users can watch a wide variety of popular

TV channels on their 3G Vodafone mobile.

Tariff:-

Sky Mobile TV pack: 5 (US$9.40) per month.

Variety pack: 3 (US$5.60) per month.

Page | 52
Operator:- (Hutchison Telecom) UK.

Service Type:- Video Streaming.

Overview:-

MobiTV allows users to watch news, sport, comedy, or music videos anytime they want.

Users can choose between 7 TV Channels or 19 TV Channels offered through MobiTV

MobiTV offers the following channels: Extreme Sports Network, ITN, Kiss TV, The

Cartoon Network, MTV Trax, VidZone, Nickelodeon, MTV shows, Paramount Comedy,

Playboy TV and many more.

Tariff:-

Monthly Subscription 5 Pound

+ Individual Channel Subsciption.

Page | 53
 BENEFITS OF 3G.
Modem: 3G enabled phones can serve as modems when connected to computer to access

internet. This would help the user in downloading songs, videos as well as games. The

phones however will face battery problems if they do not support USB charging.

Teleconferencing: The higher data transmission speed of up to 2Mbps enhances the transfer

of videos. As a result instant teleconferencing is possible. The use of complex and bulky

instruments will surely find a way to the store room or even to a junkyard.

Enhanced Multimedia: 3G services can provide faster multimedia support like sharing

videos and digital snaps, uploading and downloading videos and songs, etc.

Access to different Services: It helps users to use important services like virtual banking,

online buying and online selling. The primitive devices like laptops and PC's are not the

only devices which perform such updated services.

Use of 3G enables the user to stay online practically always. This is because the network

coverage is omnipresent which helps user to access internet.

Wide range of applications is ready to be accessed with the use of 3G service. Many

applications are specially designed for 3G devices, this helps users to have a fun time

whenever they require.

RSS feeds are easily available in the 3G network. The updates such as important news,

stock updates which are of special interest are easily available.

GPS: 3G internet allows the use of the device as a GPS navigation tool. The GPS is capable

of providing directions to a specific place when on a move. They also help in locating

special points of interest without the trouble of asking any help.

Page | 54
 LIMITATIONS.

As every thing has its advantage and disadvantage, similarly our project on market research has

its limitations too: the following were the limitations for our project:

There may be some ambiguity in the response given by the customers.

The response given by the customers may not be totally true.

The data provided by the officers are not totally sufficient for our research purpose.

Since we can get data from only four networks, we cannot prepare the comparative study

of the as a whole.

Expenditure was another limitation therefore we have to conduct our research on a small

scale basis only.

Page | 55
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 2G AND 3G

TECHNOLOGY.

Cost:- The license fee to be paid for 3G network is much higher as compared to 2G

networks. The network construction and maintenance of 3G is much costlier than 2G networks.

Also from the customers point of view the expenditure for 3G network will be excessively high

if they make use of the various applications of 3G.

Data Transmission:- The main difference between 2G and 3G networks is seen by the

mobile users who download data and browse the Internet on the mobile phones. They find much

faster download speeds, faster access to the data and applications in 3G networks as compared to

2G networks. 2G networks are less compatible with the functions of smart phone. The speed of

data transmission in 2G network is less than 50,000 bits per sec while in 3G it can be more than

4 million bits per sec.

Function:- The main function of 2G technology is the transmission of information via

voice signals while that of 3G technologies is data transfer via video conferencing, MMS etc.

Page | 56
 Features:- The features like mobile TV, video transfers and GPS systems are the

additional features of 3G technology that are not available with 2G technologies.

Frequencies:- 2G technology uses a broad range of frequencies in both upper and lower

bands, under which the transmission depends on conditions such as weather. A drawback of 3G

is that it is simply not available in certain regions.

Implication:- 3G technology offers a high level of security as compared to 2G

technology because 3G networks permit validation measures when communicating with other

devices.

Making Calls:- Calls can be made easily on both 2G and 3G networks with no real

noticeable differences except that in 3G network video calls can also be made. The transmission

of text messages and photos is available in both the networks but 2G networks have data limit

and the speed of the data transmission is also very slow as compared to 3G.

Speed:- The downloading and uploading speeds available in 2G technologies are up to 236

Kbps. While in 3G technology the downloading and uploading speeds are up to 21 Mbps and 5.7

Mbps respectively.

Page | 57
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 3G AND 4G
TECHNOLOGY

Particulars. 3G 4G

Data Throughput: Up to 3.1Mbps with an average Practically speaking, 2 to 12

speed range between 0.5 to 1.5 Mbps (Telstra in

Mbps. Australia claims up to 40 Mbps)

but potential estimated at a range

of 100 to 300 Mbps.

Peak Upload Rate: 5 Mbps. 500 Mbps.

Peak Download Rate: 100 Mbps. 1 Gbps.

SwitchingTechnique: packet switching. packet switching,

messageswitching.

Network Architecture: Wide Area Cell Based. Integration of wireless LAN and
Wide area.

Services And CDMA 2000, UMTS, EDGE Wimax2 and LTE-Advance.

Applications: etc.

Page | 58
 Particulars. 3G 4G

Forward error correction 3G uses Turbo codes for error Concatenated codes are used for
(FEC):
correction. error corrections in 4G.

Frequency Band: 1.8 2.5 GHz. 2 8 GHz.

Page | 59
 ADVANTAGES OF 3G.

The customers will get a high speed network for their communication which is far better

than the 2G technology, particularly in data communication.

The customer will get wireless broadband.

3. Customer can see video or satellite based programs like TV programs using this

technology.

Customers can use all the facilities at same time.

It may also be cheap than the other traditional media we are using, as a result of price

war.

The many in one services will be available at the same network. Due to use of the DTH

& the 3G technology, everyone will use this multi-purpose services to avoid time loss

and keeping records for different service providers.

Overcrowding is relieved in existing systems with radio spectrum.

Bandwidth, security and reliability are more.

Provides interoperability among service providers.

Availability of fixed and variable rates.

Support to devices with backward compatibility with existing networks.

Always online devices 3G uses IP connectivity which is packet based.

Rich multi media services are available.

Page | 60
 DISADVANTAGES OF 3G.

Since in telecom sector, there is much competition, so the companies have a very

marginal price for their facilities.

The companies, who will not get license from the spectrum distribution authorities will

suffer to use only 2G, which will badly affect their business. In this situation these

companies will either disappear from this sector or will run with losses. Because of the

customers will start to use the services of the companies having 3G technology.

Due to use of the DTH & the 3G technology, everyone will use this multi-purpose

services to avoid time loss and keeping records for different service providers.So, the

traditional cable business will badly affected by implementing this new technology.

The radiation of magnetic waves generated with the heavily use of the wireless system

will affect our life also. More uses of the services will have more effect on us. The

radiation of the magnetic waves are danger for our life. A long use can affect our brains.

The mobile are not suitable devices to see TV or web browsing. So, initially this service

may be used in mass but in future, mobile can not be used to see the TV or for Internet

surfing. Which will affect the business of 3G.

The cost of cellular infrastructure , upgrading base stations is very high.

Needs different handsets.

Roaming and data/voice work together has not yet been implemented.

Power consumption is high.

Page | 61
 Requires closer base stations and are expensive.

Spectrum-license costs, network deployment costs and handset subsidies subscribers are

tremendous.

Page | 62
 DATA
INTERPRETATION
ANALYSIS & FINDINGS.

Page | 63
Q1) Are you aware of the 3G technology and its uses in mobile phones?

Yes
No

Findings:-

According to the survey through questionnaire it is seen that 80% of the customers are aware of

the 3G technology in mobile phones and 20% of the customer are not aware of this technology.

Page | 64
Q2) Which type of mobile handset do you use?

3G
2G

Findings:-

According to the survey it has been noticed that 90% of the customers use 3G and 10% of the

customers use 2G handset mobile phones.

Page | 65
Q3) Which mobile service provider network do you use?

Airtel
Vodafone
Idea
Reliance
Tata Docomo

Findings:-

According to the survey the outcome of the survey is 55% use Vodafone,15% use Airtel,10%

use Idea,10% use Reliance,10% use Tata Docomo.

Page | 66
Q4) Are you satisfied from the service you use?

Yes
No
May be

Findings:-

According to the survey 55% of the customer are satisfied from the service they use 20% are not

satisfied from the service they use and 25% of the customer may be satisfied or may not be

satisfied from the service.

Page | 67
Q5) Which network would you prefer to use 3G services or high speed internet?

Airtel
Vodafone
Idea
Reliance

Findings:-

According to the survey 45% of the customer use Vodafone because it has a high speed internet,

25% of the customer use Idea internet,20% of the customer use Reliance and rest of the customer

use Airtel.

Page | 68
Q6) Which network/service do you think is more affordable?

3G
2G
Both

Findings:-

From the survey I came to know that people afford 2G rather than 3G services because 3G

services are costlier than 2G.

Page | 69
Q7) Which service do you think is more reliable?

3G
2G
Both

Findings:-

Through the survey I came to know that customer think 3G is more reliable than 2G.45% of the

customer think that 2G is more reliable 30% thinks that 3G is more reliable and 25% of the

customer thinks that both the services are reliable.

Page | 70
Q8) Which network does downloading gives you better?

3G
2G
Both

Findings:-

Through the survey the 70% of the customer are attracted towards 3G downloading which gives

better speed of downloading, 25% of the customers are are towards2G and 5% of the customers

are towards both the services.

Page | 71
Q9) How would you like a tariff plan for usage of data plan?

Weekly Plan
Fixed Monthly Rental
Usage Charges

Findings:-

Through the questionnaire survey I came to know that 65% of the people uses fixed monthly

rental plan 30% of the customer uses weekly plan and 5% of the customer use usage charges

means on the basis of balance in the handset.

Page | 72
Q10) Would you like to use your mobile as a T.V by using 3G network?

Yes
No
May Be

Findings:-

According to the survey 55% of the customers use mobile as a T.V by using 3G network that

means they will use,20% of the customer will not use the service of mobile T.V and 25% of the

customers may be using or may not be using the service of mobile T.V.

Page | 73
Q11) Would you like to do video conferencing through 3G network?

Would you like to do video conferencing through 3G

network?

Yes
No
May Be

Findings:-

From the survey 55% of the customers will like to do video conferencing through 3G

network,30% of the cuntomers wil not do video conferencing and 15% of the customer may be

using or may not be using the service of video conferencing.

Page | 74
Q12) Would you be willing to go for a new 3G Mobile handset which can cater to all these services and

costs you 12000+ ?

Yes
No
May Be

Findings:-

Through the questionnaire I noticed that 65% of the customer will purchase the handset which

will have all the features of 3G services,30% of the customers will not buy handet for 3G

services and 5% of the customers may buy or may not buy handset for 3G services.

Page | 75
Q13) Would you like to play online games using 3G services with no pause on your phone and

download 3Dgames?

Yes
No
May Be

Findings:-

From the survey I noticed that 60% of the customers will play online games and download 3D

games,20% of the customers will not be playing online games and 20% may be playing or may

not be playing games or download it.

Page | 76
Q14) Would you like to use Audio Streaming and Audio Download on your mobile phone using 3G?

Yes
No
May Be

Findings:-

From the survey I noticed that 60% of the customers will like to use Audio streaming ,20% of

the customers will not be using Audio streaming and 20% may be using Audio streaming or may

not be using.

Page | 77
Q15) Which of the services do you feel is the best?

Which of the services do you feel is the best?

3G
2G
Both

Findings:-

From the whole survey 80% of the customers are attracted towards 3G and 10% of the customers

are attracted towards 2G and 10% of the customers are attracted towards both services

Page | 78
RECOMMENDATIONS.

Page | 79
 CONCLUSION.

The telecommunications world is changing as the trends of media convergence, industry

consolidation, Internet and IP technologies and mobile communications collide into one.

Significant change will be bought about by this rapid evolution in technology with the arrival of

mobile Internet technology i.e 3G technology

Thus from this research and the survey through questionnaire we conclude that

Customer are engaged more towards 3G services rather than 2G services.

Customer feels that 3G services are more reliable and efficient.

Thus cost of 3G services are higher than 2G services but it gives that much better

services also.

Through this survey it came to know that customer feels that 3G services are the best

services rather than preferring 2G services.

Page | 80
 QUESTIONNAIRE.

I request you to kindly share some of your valuable time for filling upto the following

Questionnaire the information provided by you would be kept confidential & will be used only

for the study purpose.

PERSONAL INFORMATION.
Name:______________________________

Age: ____

Gender:_______________

Occupation:______________________

Monthly Mobile Bill:___________________

Model of Mobile you own:_________

Page | 81
Q1) Are you aware of the 3G technology and its uses in mobile phones?

Yes No

Q2) Which type of mobile handset do you use?

3G 2G

Q3) Which mobile service provider network do you use?

Airtel Vodafone Idea

Reliance Tata Docomo

Q4) Are you satisfied from the service you use?

Yes No May be

Q5) Which network would you prefer to use 3G services or high speed internet?

Airtel Vodafone Idea Reliance

Q6) Which network/service do you think is more affordable?

3G 2G Both

Page | 82
Q7) Which service do you think is more reliable?

3G 2G Both

Q8) Which network does downloading gives you better?

3G 2G Both

Q9) How would you like a tariff plan for usage of data plan?

Fixed monthly rental

Usage charges

Q10) Would you like to use your mobile as a T.V by using 3G network?

Yes No May be

Q11) Would you like to do video conferencing through 3G network?

Yes No May be

Page | 83
Q12) Would you be willing to go for a new 3G Mobile handset which can cater to all these

services and costs you 12000+ ?

Yes No May be

Q13) Would you like to play online games using 3G services with no pause on your phone and

download 3Dgames?

Yes No May be

Q14) Would you like to use Audio Streaming and Audio Download on your mobile phone using

3G?

Yes No May be

Q15) Which of the services do you feel is the best?

3G 2G Both

Page | 84
 BIBLIOGRAPHY.

Primary data:-

Questionnaire survey

Secondary data:-

WWW.GOOGLE.COM

WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM

WWW.MANAGEMENTPARADISE.COM

WWW.VODAFONE.CO.IN

A lot of magazines and newspaper articles especially the Times of India and Economic
Times.

Page | 85