HWWS Module

For MCGM SCHOOLS

Standard 1-4
 WEEK 1 SESSION 1
Introduction by Promoter/Volunteer:
Good Morning friends, my name is _______, you can call me Dada/Tai
(Brother/Sister). I am from NGO CACR. For the next 8-10 weeks I will be
visiting your school every __________(day of the week). Your school has been
selected under thi s h e a l t h a n d h y g i e n e project under Swachh Bharat
Swachh Vidyalaya program and as part of this we will know more about
healthy hygiene habits like, HWWS (hand washing with soap). I am part of this
project.
In the coming months we will learn a lot about HWWS through interesting stories,
fun games, quiz etc. So are your excited??

Objective: To impart the importance of hand washing practices at critical

times
Activity: Storytelling and Discussion
Duration: 40 Minutes
Key lesson: Understanding the harmful effects of unhygienic practices on health
and education
Material: 1 small picture card (photo included here)
Process: FACILITATOR CAN NARRATE this as a STORY or PICK two students
from a class to be Raju and Sanju making it more engaging.

Process:
Promoter to narrate this story to students in a lively manner:
Raju, a very clever boy and always achieving good marks, was worried about his
young brother, Sanju. Sanju was not a regular student in school. Coincidently, since
the last three days Raju was also absent from school. When he returned after those
three days, the teacher asked Raju

Teacher: why were you absent for three days? Raju: I

was with Sanju

Teacher asked Raju: - What? Where is Sanju? He is

sick and hospitalized Raju replied.

You gave the same reason last month as well. Tell the truth Teacher Sorry

teacher, but it is the truth- Raju

 Teacher: What has happened to him?

Raju: I dont know teacher, but doctor uncle says it is diarrhea*

*Many students confuse Diarrhea with Dengue to be sure to explain what

Diarrhea is. Diarrhea= Stomach pain+ loose motions.

Teacher: Diarrhea? Oho, this means many of us are not practicing appropriate
hygiene practices!

Raju: what is that teacher?

The teachers expression was serious and started explaining to his students including
Raju: Dear students, diarrhea is one of the most dangerous diseases in the world that
is responsible for killing mostly young boys and girls. It is a disease caused due to
unhygienic practices. It reduces the water level in our body and if not attended to
properly may result in death many a times. The good news is that we can prevent
this disease by adopting simple hygienic practices in our daily lives. Proper hand
washing with soap at critical times can reduce 45% diarrheal deaths.

Raju asked: Teacher, what are the critical times and what is proper hand washing?

Teacher: Before that, lets talk about when do we all use our hands? We use our hands
while playing in mud, muck and dirt, with the ball, we use hands after defecation, we
are doing all tasks with hands. Most importantly, we also use these same hands for
eating.
Listen carefully; when we use our hands for various tasks, invisible germs stick to our
hands. If we do not wash our hands with soap, these invisible germs on our hands
enter our body and attack us and make us fall ill, very ill. These germs can be
destroyed only with the use of soap.
Thats why we MUST wash our hands with soap and at critical times. Now lets hear
which are the critical times?
They are - after defecation, before eating, before cooking, before feeding our younger
ones, before handling drinking water, after disposal of child excreta. These are
critical times and we should wash our hands not only with water, but always with
soap and water. Remember, hand washing with water only is not proper hand
washing.

Raju: Teacher, I now clearly understand. I also recollect that Sanju has been avoiding
to wash hands with soap most times.

Teacher: Unfortunately, you and Sanju too are missing out on school and your studies
because of Sanjus illness.
It is necessary that not only Sanju but we all must adopt good hand washing practice
if we want to be able to be healthy and to study properly.
Next time when you meet him, please encourage him to wash his hands with soap
regularly. You can also do this in his presence so that he is reminded often and
develops the habit.

Raju: yes teacher, I will do so. It will benefit Sanju.

Points to note:

Are children listening to the story with attention?

Are they involved and are responding to the story?

Discussion points:
1. Why were Sanju and Raju absent from school?
2. What is diarrhea? (Explain what happens in Diarrhea)
3. How can diarrhea be prevented?
4. Which are the critical times to wash hands with soap?
5. What did the teacher tell the students about diarrhea?
6. What did Raju understand and recollect?
7. What was the impact of Sanjus sickness on Rajus study?
8. Should we wash hands only with water? Why?
9. What are the different tasks that we do with our hands?
10. What will happen if we do not wash hands at critical times?

Health risks if hands not washed with soap regularly as a habit (See ANNEXURE
for details) discuss these health risks here.
Sum up:
Always remember to wash hands with soap during critical times. It is necessary for
our health. Hence, it is important that we make hand washing with soap regular
habit.

PLEDGE: This oath should be taken at the end of every session.

We, students, are taking the oath that we will always remember to wash our hands
with soap after defecating, before eating, AND at other critical times. Also we will
inform others to do same. By doing this we will live a healthy life
 WEEK 2 SESSION 2

Recap of Session 1:
Friends last time we heard a story, and we learnt importance of hand washing and the
harmful effects of not washing hands with soap. Can anyone remember the story? What
did we learn the story?
Today, we will learn a song. It is a song with actions, you all will really enjoy it!

Activity : Hand washing song

Duration : 40 Minutes
Key lesson : Key steps in hand washing behavior
Material required: Ball, Soap, water, [mug, bucket/Handwashing Station], clean
towel/handkerchief, Sachin song for UNICEF on You Tube
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jCCF9cLQ-mg)

Process:

Ask the children how they ensure that their hands are clean
Explain that they will be playing game that involves washing their hands
Make the children sit in large circle facing each other
Teach them the hand washing song with right movement of five steps of hand
washing

[Mention that the song is sung by Sachin Tendulkar (YouTube link

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jCCF9cLQ-mg)]
Ask the children to sing hand washing song while throwing the ball randomly
to other children sitting in the circle
Invite the child left holding the ball when song ends to come forward and
demonstrate steps of hand washing using water and soap.
Use tub/bucket to collect water and for disposing it later at an appropriate
place.
Ask other children to sing and make hand washing movements showing the
steps of hand washing as observed in demonstration.
Ask the children to use their own hankies/ napkins to dry their hand or
provide a towel for wiping their hands. (in case of common towel is used,
make sure that it is washed properly to prevent health risk after activity, if
towel is not clean then it is better to tell children to dry their hands in air )
Continue the game until all the children in the group have had a chance to
wash their hands
If the game has to be completed in a shorter time span, you may ask the
children to throw the ball to those who have not had a chance to demonstrate

Points to note:

Are they following the five steps of hand washing in the correct
manner?
Are they singing and making movements correctly?
Hand washing song: The song is available in Marathi and Hindi. The
promoter can teach it in all languages. Promoter should sing this song along
with the students throughout the intervention. This song is useless in the
absence of appropriate hand washing actions.
Discussion Points:
1. Do you like the hand wash song? Why?
2. Who is in the video of this song?
3. What is the message given in this song?
4. What do you learn from this song?
5. What will happen, if we dont wash hands with soap?
6. Why should we wash hands with soap?
7. How do you wash your hands normally?
8. Can germs be invisible?
 WEEK 3 SESSION 3

Recap of Session 2

Friends, does anyone remember what we learnt?

Today, we will have loads of fun learning new things about handwashing!!

Activity : Group game on Critical times of handwashing

Duration : 40 Minutes

Key lesson : understanding when they should wash their hands (Critical
times of handwashing with soap)

Material required: 2 PICTURE CARDS, Chalk and CACR Badges (2-4)

It will be helpful to make laminated picture cards of critical times of handwashing.

Also enacting will help with the younger children (See attached poster)
The student can be shown the picture cards and the occasions can be discussed as follows:

Washing hands with soap after handling faeces

o after defecation
o after washing a child
o after disposing childs faeces

Washing hands with soap before handling food

before eating
before cooking food
before serving food
before feeding a child

Other key times-

after playing outside

after playing with pets
after handling waste/cleaning up
after one has have sneezed or coughed

Main critical times to stress on- BEFORE EATING FOOD AND IMMEDIATELY AFTER
DEFECATION

Sum up: Hand washing with soap after defecation and before handling food or eating will
improve everyones health
Instructions for facilitators:
Appoint handwash monitors at the end of the session
.monitor badges to be given to appointed monitors (SEE
CACR BADGE PHOTOS). Also give them formats for
monitoring (See 2 formats BELOW)

1st Format: This monitoring format is for the

HANDWASH MONITORS. They are required to fill this daily and
submit it to the promoter/CACR volunteer during his/her weekly
visit.

Monitoring of hand washing: School and Medium

Name & class of the Monitor

Class
Total
students
How many students wash
Sr.no Date hands
Before MDM After using
toilet
1 12/Aug/17 12 out if 20 15 out of 20
2 13/Aug/17 10 pout of 19 16 out of 19
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
 27
28
29
30
31
Signature of Monitor
Name and Signature of CACR volunteer

2nd Format : HANDWASH TIMETABLE FOR SELF MONITORING TO BE DRAWN IN

EACH CHILDS NOTEBOOK (facilitated by the CACR volunteer).
GET STUDENTS TO MAKE THIS TABLE IN Their NOTEBOOK by drawing the table on the
black board. So EACH students can draw it in his/her notebook. PREFER PICTURE CARD

Week 1 Before After using After playing After Before

eating/touching toilet outside/ sneezing/coughing touching
food playing with babies
pets
Mon N Y N y y
Tue Y N Y n n
Wed So on
Thr
Fri Y/N
Sat
Sun

Students most diligent with HWWS at critical times to be awarded with motivational price
EACH WEEK.
 WEEK 4 SESSION 4

Recap of Session 3

Activity : Role play - The Tale of Germs

Objective: Participants will be able to visualize that germs are

everywhere, understand how easily germs can spread.

Duration: 45 minutes

Material required: colored chart paper, scissors, tape, etc to make props, costumes
for the role play of the story
Process: Role play of the following story by a few selected volunteers who need to be
briefed and then given props, costumes accordingly.

Once upon a time there was a king and queen who lived on the hilltop. They had a
very big palace with 10 doors to enter their house. The palace was filled with their
families and relatives from faraway lands. There lived Princess Keya and Prince
Bhunar. They used to play inside the palace. They had 4 horses and 2 big elephants.
Inside the palace there was a beautiful garden where Keya and Bhunar played with
the birds. They will often lie down under the big Neem Tree and drink from River
Swaasti which flowed right inside the palace boundaries. One day when Keya and
Bhunar went outside to meet their friend, who lived in the nearby farm, Jontu a
monster saw them crossing the road. He wanted to hurt Keya and Bhunar. But both
of them were very brave. They asked Jontu what they want and Jontu replied that he
will beat Keya and Bhunar so that they can never come out to play. Keya was
shocked and she stood still. Bhunar told Jontu that their father is a king and they will
never spare Jontu for this atrocity. He said their mother is the queen of magic and
she will be very angry to hear this. But Jontu was completely out of his senses. It was
only bad thoughts that he had. He laughed at them and said that lets see how they
escape him. Once he told this Jontu started growing in height till he became a huge
giant. Keya and Bhunar knew that they will be killed if Jontu attacks them. Keya and
Bhunar started running towards their palace screaming out to the King and the
Queen. The King and queen were having tea in the balcony when they saw their little
Princess and Prince running towards the palace. Then they saw that Jontu is chasing
them and he has transformed himself into a monstrous giant. The king called the
guards in a thunderous voice and asked them to quickly close all the doors. The
queen panicked and she thought that Keya and Bhunar will not be able to escape
inside the palace. So she did a spell and gave Jontu a curse of Adrishyatam, As soon
as she spelled it out Jontu turned into small Jontus in innumerable numbers. It was
like stream of ants and then finally it disappeared. The king was shocked to see what
his wife has done. Meanwhile Keya and Bhunar entered the palace and ran towards
the balcony where the queen and king were standing.
The King asked in shock to the queen that how could she do this as now Jontu will
be not seen through bare eyes and will try to attack Keya and Bhunar. The queen
was horrified as she understood her mistake and she fell down. Keya quickly held up
her mother and made her seat while Bhunar clutched his fathers hand in horror.
The King then called all the people from the village, the soldiers and the merchants
from all over the world and told them that Jontu is an Invisible Monster who wants
to harm humans especially the children. He asked everyone to stay cautious as Jontu
can be anywhere and no one will be able to see it.
Meanwhile Jontu found his body so small that he couldnt do much alone. So he
called all the other parts of his body which looked similar to Jontu. Jontu was very
angry and he couldnt think straight. He screamed and jumped around wanting to
take revenge. Slowly after that Jontu started plotting how he will harm Keya and
Bhunar again. Thats how Jontu was there everywhere, making more Jontus and
plotting the final attack.

After the story ask the class,

What they thought about Keya and Bhunar?

Who is Jontu?
Was Jontu right?
What they think of Jontu?
What will happen to Keya and Bhunar?
Do we know of Jontu in our everyday life? Who does Jontu depict in our daily lives?

After the students express their ideas then tell them that now the class will
learn about Germs that are very much similar to Jontu.

How are germs that we have in our hands similar to Jontu?

Let us discuss of all the various activities we do with our hands the entire day.

How can germs affect our health?

What are germs?

There is a group of tiny

invaders that can make
our bodies sick they're
called germs.

Germs are tiny organisms,

or living things, that can
cause disease. Germs are
so small and sneaky that
they creep into our bodies
without being noticed. In
fact, germs are so tiny
that you need to use a
microscope to see them.
When they get in our bodies, we don't know what hit us
until we have symptoms that say we've been attacked!

GERMS CANNOT BE SEEN WITH THE NAKED EYE.

GERMS ARE INVISIBLE!

Discuss: how we can get rid of germs on our hands

Explain to participants that each day we come in contact

with germs, some of which can cause serious illnesses.

Sum up: Because germs are not seen, it becomes even

more important to wash hands always and everyday
during critical times.

Illustration of dirty germ hand

 WEEK 5 - SESSION 5

Glitter Game

Objective:
To make students understand the importance of washing hands with soap
To demonstrate and show how easily and quickly germs can
spread especially through our hands.
Germs are INVISIBLE.

Material required: ball (plastic/paper/thermocline), Glitters/turmeric

powder, Vaseline and bowl/paper. For washing hands: Soap & Handwashing
station/Bucket-Mug

Time: 45 mins

Process: Show the participants the glitter OR turmeric powder. Explain that the
glitter will serve as the germs. They are going to see whether or not germs spread.
Prepare the ball-Dip the Vaseline covered ball into a bowl filled with
glitter (or turmeric powder)

Act going to toilet, then directly take the ball to play, pass to one participant and ask
the participant to pass on the ball to a few other participants, reapplying the
turmeric/glitter as necessary. (Alternatively, sneeze into the hands and pick up the
Glitter ball. The sneezy germs are now on the ball and then pass on the ball)

Ask a few participants to touch other surfaces in the classroom, leaving a trail of
turmeric/glitter. Also ask a few participants to shake each others hands

Ask:

1. What has happened to our hands and our friends hands as we pass on the
ball to them, shake hands as well?

2. Where else do you see the turmeric/glitter?

3. If the turmeric / glitter were feces or disease germs, how fast do you think
contamination can occur? How about in a school where there are many
people close together?

4. Explain ways how can germs pass onto others

Germs spread from people to people and if someone is sick or sneezes into their
hands they could spread germs around to everyone in the class, even if they dont
teach every single person. The class shares pencils, pens, and other supplies. We all
touch each others desks. All of these surfaces are places for germs to live and
spread.

Our hands sweat after playing outside, after writing with a pencil, and many more
activities. Germs stick to our hands and bodies even more when we sweat!

Extension of the above glitter activity - Divide students into smaller groups. Give
each group a different color glitter. After each group has completed spreading the
germs (glitter) within their group, allow them to find students to rub hands with
from other groups. After allowing students to float around rubbing hands with
students from other groups have them look at their hands and see how many colors
of glitter they can see. Each color represents germs that they have picked up from
another group.

Furthermoreask the participants to do actions

Imagine you were about to sit down and enjoy a meal. Just before you started
to eat, you noticed your hands were covered with turmeric/glitter. The
turmeric /glitter represents just a fraction of the germs from feces present on
our hands. Imagine that we could see our hands covered with millions of feces
germs. Would you want to eat food with those hands? Would you continue
eating? What would you do? (Make Actions while saying this or ask
participants to enact)

Discussion Pointers:

Person to person contact spreads germs or feces contamination

Germs clinging to unclean hands can easily get in food and from food into
mouths
Germs can enter the body through the mouth
The number of germs on hands significantly increases after using the toilet
Even hands that do not smell may have germs from feces on them
Visibly clean looking hands are not necessarily free from germs that are
invisible

Identify two volunteers, ask one volunteer to be hands only with water
and the other to use water and soap with correct steps

Allow students to wash hands at sink or in prearranged water, buckets

and soap
Ask:

o What happens when we wash hands with only water?

o What happens when we wash hands with water and soap in the correct
manner/steps?

o What might happen if you eat food without washing hands with soap
that are covered with germs?

YOU CAN FALL ILL FROM THE FECES GERMS ON YOUR HANDS AND ALSO
MAKE OTHERS ILL!

Conclude:

Correct hand washing with soap makes a huge difference to a persons health and
well-being. Hands are used for anal cleansing after defecation. No matter what
material is used for anal cleansing, hands still get contaminated from the feces, even
if the feces cannot be seen or smelled. For this reason, both hands should always be
washed using soap after defecation or after going to a toilet.

Hands should also be washed before handling any kind of food. Both hands should
be washed with water and soap. Soap is the most pleasant and effective hand
washing agent.

It is important that everyone always washes his or her hands after defecation and
before handling food. However, most people do not wash their hands often enough,
or only use water.

Hand washing with soap after defecation and before handling food or eating will
improve everyones health
 Session 6- Week 6

Recap session 5
Friends today we will play one more game, called, Hand, Water, Soap.

Activity : Game -Hand, Water, Soap

Duration : 30 Minutes
Key lesson : To learn A LL three - Soap, Water and Hand are needed or an
ailment free life
Activity : Finding right combination for HWWS behaviour
Material required: Prizes for the winning group

Process:

Explain the students how to

make actions for hand, water
and soap
Have a practice round by saying
Hand, water, soap. Draw
picture of hands position as
soap, hand and water on board
for better understanding (fist,
palm, thumb up sign as shown
in the picture above)
Divide students into groups of three
Ask the students to close their eyes
Then shout out the words- hand, water, soap. Students have to do any of the
actions immediately after the words are called out. Only the group with a
combination of Hand+Water+Soap all three actions, can continue to the next
round. Other combinations (e.g. water, water, hand, etc.) are eliminated
Repeat the same in the next round. The last group of three is the winning team

Points to note:
All students understand the game
All students are participating in the game

Discussion points:

1. How does a group win the game?

2. What have we learnt from this game?
Sum up:
Friends, did you enjoy the game? This game shows us that water alone is not enough for hand
washing. Only when hand is washed with water and soap that children are strong, healthy and
protected. Soap has power to destroy germs

Lets take the pledge together: Repeat Pledge from Session 1

--------O--------

WEEK 7 SESSION 7
Recap of Session 6:
Good morning friends, do you remember the last session? We played a game. What did we learn
from the game?

Activity : Game - Bittu

Duration : 30 Minutes
Key lesson : Washing your hands during critical times and not forgetting it
Planning : Group of 10 students

Material required: prizes for winning leader/Bittu for each group of 10 students

Today we are going to play one more interesting game. Anyone wants to volunteer as a leader?
Our leaders name will be Bittu. So be ready to become Bittu the leader.
Process

Explain them they are playing

game to become a leader,
and leader should be healthy.
Participants will follow
Bittus order.
Select one of the students as
Bittu first. (rotation basis so
other students can be Bittu
too) Facilitator can do the
trial round as well but need
to brief the student
volunteer on commands
Bittu faces a group of students about 15
feet away. The Bittu says various commands.
Commands for everyday things such as

Cut vegetables- Participants respond by

doing the motion of washing their hands
with soap and water, then taking the
vegetable washing it and cutting it in small
pieces
Eat Mid-day meal - participant show that
first students go to the handwashing
station to wash their hands with soap then
proceed to get their tiffin for eating mid-
day meals after eating the food they again
wash their hands again using soap and
water

Similar actions to be done for the following

Sneeze or cough in your hand (Picture on

RHS)
Play with dog/cat/in the mud
Go to loo/toilet

Participants responds by squatting down. And then doing the motion of hand washing (Pic below).

Each student who does both

actions for each command
and in the right orders gets
the advance one step.
Each student who fails to do
both motions or does them
in the wrong order stays in
the same place.
Some students will forget to
Wash their hands and
some students will forget to
wash before food and after loo,
 which adds to the fun.
The student who tags Bittu and shouts, Clean hands! first, gets to be Bittu for the
next round.
Points to note:
Participants are following commands in right way
Participants are doing motion of hand washing at critical time

Discussion points:

1. How do you become the leader?

2. What will happen if you do not wash your hands after defecation?
3. Should you convey this message to your family and friends? How can you convey
the message? Explain.

Sum up:
Friends, all of us know that hand washing with soap at critical times is very important.
However, we need to keep practicing it till be remember it automatically. If knowledge
doesnt convert into practice it has no value.
So lets declare through the pledge that we will practice what has been taught to us!. Repeat
Pledge from Session 1.

--------O
WEEK 8 SESSION 8
Recap of Session 7:
Do you r e m e m b e r the game we played last week?
What was it about/can anyone remember? Please share.

Activity/Game: PASSING THE SOAP along with Q&A

Objective: To understand the benefit of using soap during hand washing. This is to create an
association with soap as a strong object /item that is good for the children.
Duration : 40 Minutes
Material for session: soap for passing the soap activity; prizes

Process:
All children sit in a circle and when the music begins (facilitator could use a plate and a spoon to create music-
like effect). When the music stops, the child who has the soap in his/her hand will talk about a person who
he/she thinks is strong

The child also gets to ask a question to the group with the help of the facilitator. Question Bank given
below.

If the students are not able to answer any question, announce the right answer. Most importantly, supplement
the answer provided by the student with additional information on the topic

Reward those who answer correctly (can be given by the same child who asks the question
Points to note:

Are the children participating

Are the children specific, clear and confident while answering questions

Question bank: (It is suggested that these questions are to be further broken down)

What are the steps of hand washing with soap?

1. Wet hands with water 2. Apply enough soap to cover the entire surface of the hands 3. Rub
hands palm-to-palm 4. Right palm on left with interlaced fingers and vice versa 5. Palm to palm
with fingers interlaced 6. Rubbing, backwards and forwards with clasped fingers of right hands in
left and vice versa 7. Rubbing of left thumbs clasped in right hand and vice versa 8. Rinse hands
with water 9. Dry thoroughly with only clean and dry hands in the air.

Which are the critical times for hand washing?

Before eating, before cooking, before feeding the baby, before handling water, after defecation,
after handling child excreta, after playing

What things are required to wash hands?

Water and soap are required to wash hands.

Please sing the hand washing song: English Version below. Hindi and Marathi in session 2.

First of all you should wet your hands,

Then on your hands the soap does a dance,
One hand then .meets the other,
The hand then does a front- back number,
Then its time to play in between the fingers,
And make the nails move around in circles
Then the water splashes on your hands,
Cause clean hands are strong hands.

More suggested questions:

Name two diseases caused if hands are not washed with soap?;
What are germs?;
How do germs get on our hands?;
How do germs get into our food and then our stomach?
How do germs from our hands affect others?

Sum up:

Since last 8 10 weeks I have been visiting your school.. Friends, I hope you enjoyed these
sessions. Please try to always remember these messages we have heard during our discussions,
games and activities. Do remember to wash hands with soap at critical times. Those messages are
for a lifetime. Do not forget the pledge we have made every time.
 Thanks for being such a good audience and for participating so keenly. I had a great time too!

Discussion points:

1. How will the students implement the practices they have learnt about?
2. What will they do to spread the knowledge gained to a friend and family
member?
A big thank you to the teacher/teachers for their cooperation. Repeat Pledge from session 1.

WEEK9 SESSION 9:

Session on Personal Hygiene- CLEAN IS BEAUTIFUL

Objectives:
Children can define good grooming
Children can demonstrate how to wash/clean different part of their bodies

Material required: Poster with Daily hygiene practices showing Water, soap, toothbrush, nail
cutter, comb, and toothpaste.

Prepare a song for young children that allow them to

mime specific habits of personal hygiene. For example
This is the way we wash our face.we wash our
face.we wash our face. This is the way we wash our
faceearly in the morning. This is the way we comb
our hair Brush our teeth Cut our nails, etc. until all
personal hygiene activities have been covered.

Encourage, in an open discussion, the children to

describe their personal hygiene habits. Encourage
the children to come up with their own examples of
hygiene

Teach the children to sing the song.

Invite children one by one to sing and mime what they
have done before coming to school
OR sing about and mime one habit with them and then ask them to suggest the next habit.

After singing, stimulate a group discussion on, for example, why each habit is important; what you need
for it; etc.
CLOSING CEREMONY WITH TEACHERS AND PARENTS (After 9 week session module is over)
Feedback from Handwash monitors about project implementation to be taken on video.

Proposed activities during closing ceremony: Parents to be called to show the progress made by their
students
o handwash song recital (session 2) to be done before the teacher and parents
o Displaying student posters made in session 4 and 5
o Parents should be asked to buy soap bars for their children at their home.
o Distribution of soap bars, cases can be done here (Optional).
o This activity can also be a part of 15th OCT Gobal handwashing day
o Role play performance as per story below
o Make it like a memorable event

SPREAD OF DISEASE (Role play story for closing ceremony)

Objective: To teach children about the transmission of disease

Resources: Background picture of slum/shanty and figures (the picture cards of Sanju, Sanju squatting
and defecating, dog, the boy and girl playing, )

Duration: 45 min

3 Illustrative pictures below

Process:

I want you to help me tell a story. Do

you want to listen?

Once upon a time there was a boy

named Sanju.

(Facilitator put the figure of the boy on

the poster)

One day he went outside of the village,

and he walked up the side of a small
hill. He felt like relieving himself. He
defecated (pooped) in the open area.

(Give the picture of the squatting boy to

a child to place on the poster)

After he went away from that place a

dog came.

(Give the picture of the dog to a child to

place on the poster)

This dog is called gullu and likes the

smell of faeces, so he puts his nose and
foot in it. You know what the dogs like.
He walked around the hills for a while, but he missed the company of the children in the village, so he
went back.

(Ask a child to move the dog to the village)

He walked down the street, sniffing at the ground.

He couldnt find any children so he went on
looking to another place. Soon after, a little boy
and a little girl came out of their house to play.

They were Viju and Reena, brother and sister.

Reena is older and Viju is younger. Viju and Reena
sat down right where gullu the dog had passed by
sniffing.

(Give the picture of the boy and girl to a student

to place on the poster)

They played until their mother called them. Then

they went into the house to eat. They wanted to
eat fast so they could go out to play again. Do you
usually like to play all day long?

Reena dashed to wash her hands with soap. As

Viju was feeling very very hungry he just coudnt
wait to eat when he saw his moms delicious food
and and he started to eat immediately.

And he forgot to wash his hands with soap!!! What

did he forget?

Later both of them went back to play and had fun

playing all day long. The next day, when Viju woke
up in the morning, Viju was sick with diarrhoea.

(Give the sick child picture to a child to place on the poster.)

Discussion Pointers:

1. Do we like to fall sick? What are the good things we miss if we fall sick?
(Answer: Noooooo, we miss playing, studies, etc.)
2. What happened to Viju? What made him sick?
(Answer: Germs)
3. Where are the germs?
(Answer: inside his body)
4. Can we see germs?
(Answer: No, germs are invisible; EVEN HANDS THAT DO NOT SMELL MAY HAVE GERMS FROM
FECES ON THEM)
5. How did they get there?
(Answer: he swallowed them)
6. How did the germ get into his mouth?
(Answer: eating without washing his hands.)
7. How did the germs get on his hands?
(Answer: from playing on the ground)
8. How did the germs get to the ground?
(Answer: the dog walked there)
9. How did the germs get on the dog?
(Answer: from faeces on the hill)
10. How did the faeces get on the hill?
(Answer: Sanju put it there)
11. Where will Sanjus faeces go?
12. What will happen if his germs get carried to another place?
13. How can we prevent diarrhoea?
(Answer: by washing hands and using latrines!!)

Facilitators Note:
This session is a Role play activity. Kindly make it fun for the kids with
lots of action and representation from the participant.
Ensure that all the students are able to answer the given questions
correctly. In case they are unable to answer, provide the correct
response.
Please ensure that there is discussion on some key questions and
ensure that the participants understand the logic behind the answers
Annexures
Teachers role (Tailor)
The teachers role is very important. Their cooperation and participation in the communication
contact drive is crucial to the success of the project. The promoter is required to make them
aware about their role. It will be very difficult for the promoter to conduct any activity without
teachers support. During each visit the promoter is required to meet with all teachers and discuss
and review the progress of the project with them. Moreover, the promoter is required to ensure
that the nodal teacher is present while he / she is demonstrating every activity. It will be
consistently communicated to the nodal teacher that he/she will need to be handling the
activities and ensure implementation of the weekly plan up till the next visit of the promoter. It is
the nodal teachers responsibility to support MRM/CC and the Promoter so that they are able to
conduct all the requited activities efficiently and without mistakes. The teacher is expected to
follow up on the day-to-day tasks delegated to the MRM/CC. The nodal teacher would be briefed
by the promoter on his/her observations of behavioral change in students. A format will be
provided to the nodal teacher for documenting observations. The nodal teacher would
periodically report to the HM on the progress of the project.

Documentation and Reporting

Documentation is a very critical requirement of the project. It is mandatory for the promoter to
record best practices, case studies, photographs of the events and activities in the school. He /
she is required to submit all documents and photos to the Block Coordinator regularly.

23
I. Review of last weeks activity-- FOR COORDINATORS to review
volunteers

Promoter must take review of last week activities conducted by MRM/CC in her/her
absence. He/she must ask some questions to MRM/CC.
Did you conduct any activity last week?
If yes, explain how did you do it
Are all student covered and have gone through that particular session?
What was response from the other students?
What were the challenges in conducting the activity?
If No, why? What was problem?
Have members observed any increase in HWWS activity after they have done the
session/activity last week? What is the change observed?
Did you remind the other students to wash hands with soap especially after
defecation and before MDM? Do you ask your class to take the oath everyday? Do
the students participate?

Briefing to the Volunteers

Towards the end of the visit, the promoter is required to meet the parents, HM and
inform her/him about the activities conducted and also review them. Also he/she must
inform the teacher about any challenges he/she faced and discuss preparation till his/her
next visits.

Peldge

This oath should be taken at the end of every session .

We, students, are taking the oath that we will always remember to wash our hands
with soap after defecating, before eating, before feeding baby, before cooking, after
cleaning of baby. Also we will inform others to do same. By doing this we will live a
healthy life

Monitoring of hand washing (Included in Module)

This monitoring format is for the MRM/CC members. They are required to fill this daily
and submit it to the promoter during his/her visit.

24
 Monitoring of hand washing
Name & class of the Monitor
Class
Total
students
How many students wash hands
Sr.no Date
After using
Before MDM
toilet
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Signature of Monitor

Signature of Nodal teacher

25
 Checklist to observe hand washing practices (Project Head & Coordinator
Surprise Check on volunteers)

1) Which place is being used for hand washing?

2) Is water available for hand washing?
3) Is soap available for hand washing?
4) Are soaps sufficient to wash hands?
5) Are students maintaining a queue for hand washing?
6) Are students washing hands in a group?
7) Do the boys and girls washing hands together?
8) How many students did not maintain queue?
9) How many students have been washing hands only with water?
10) How many students have been washing hands with water and soap?
11) How many students didnt wash hands at all?
12) What is method of drying hands?
13) How many students dry their hands with clean cloths/in the air?
14) How many students have touched something unclean after washing
hands with soap?
15) Were teachers present while students were washing hands?
16) When did the teachers wash hands, before or after students?
17) Are there any teachers who didnt wash hands with soap?
18) How many wash hands with soap before mid-day meal?
19) Are the volunteers regular in school?
20) Do they conduct the full session or not?
21) Do they have enough supplies in the schools?
Name and Date & Sign Coordinator/Project Head

Reading Material:

Background- Not washing hands harms children around the world: (CDC
website)

About 1.8 million children under the age of 5 die each year from diarrheal
diseases and pneumonia, the top two killers of young children around the
world .
Handwashing with soap could protect about 1 out of every 3 young children
who get sick with diarrhea and almost 1 out of 5 young children with
respiratory infections like pneumonia .
Although people around the world clean their hands with water, very few
use soap to wash their hands. Washing hands with soap removes germs
much more effectively
Handwashing education and access to soap in schools can help improve
attendance
Good handwashing early in life may help improve child development in
some settings

How long?

The Center for Disease Control (CDC) suggest washing with soaps and clean
running water for 20 seconds to rid the hands of germs.

How does soap work with bacteria?

In other words, regular soap simply causes bacteria to loosen their grip on
your hands, to be rinsed away. That helps explain why using water alone
still seems to work just fine, as long as you rub your hands together
vigorously. By contrast, antibacterial soap has additives that are designed
to kill bacteria outright

Why teach people on HWWS? (CDC website)

Teaching people about handwashing helps them and their communities stay
healthy. Handwashing education in the community:

Reduces the number of people who get sick with diarrhea by 31% 1, 2

Reduces diarrheal illness in people with weakened immune systems by

58% 3

Reduces respiratory illnesses, like colds, in the general population by 16-

21% 2, 4

How germs get onto hands and make people sick ? (CDC website)

Feces (poop) from people or animals is an important source of germs like

Salmonella, E. coli O157, and norovirus that cause diarrhea, and it can
spread some respiratory infections like adenovirus and hand-foot-mouth
disease. These kinds of germs can get onto hands after people use the
toilet or change a diaper, but also in less obvious ways, like after handling
raw meats that have invisible amounts of animal poop on them. A single
gram of human feceswhich is about the weight of a paper clipcan
contain one trillion germs 1. Germs can also get onto hands if people touch
any object that has germs on it because someone coughed or sneezed on it
or was touched by some other contaminated object. When these germs get
onto hands and are not washed off, they can be passed from person to
person and make people sick.
Which Diseases are spread by not washing hands?
(http://healthematics.com/10-diseases-you-can-get-from-not-washing-
your-hands/)

[Other similar readings

https://globalhandwashing.org/about-handwashing/why-
handwashing/health/
http://www.livestrong.com/article/90832-diseases-spread-not-washing-
hands/

SESSION 1 TO INCLUDE THIS Discussion for Class 5 to 8 students

Hand washing is the most effective way of preventing infections and
illnesses from spreading. It prevents the spread of germs from
urine and fecal contamination and also those spread via indirect
contact with respiratory droplets.

Among the many common infections that can be prevented with

proper hand washing techniques include:

Cold and flu are respiratory illnesses spread via droplets

breathed, sneezed or coughed into the air by someone with
the disease. Those droplets land on nearby objects and
touching these infected objects transmits germs to your
hands; touching your nose or mouth with your unwashed
hand infects you with the virus or bacteria.

Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the stomach and

intestines caused by viruses such as Noroviruses and
Rotaviruses. The common symptoms of gastroenteritis
include nausea and vomiting, abdominal cramps and watery
diarrhoea.These viruses are very contagious and spread
quickly. It spreads when hands are not washed after having
a bowel movement, changing a diaper or handling vomitus,
when contaminated food or beverages are consumed, and
when hands that have contacted the virus from surfaces or
care of an ill person are then put in the mouth.

Hepatitis A is a highly contagious viral infection of the liver.

Hepatitis A symptoms include fatigue, yellowing of the skin
and eyes (jaundice), dark urine, clay-colored stool, joint
pain, nausea and vomiting, fever, loss of appetite and
abdominal pain.Hepatitis A is transmitted by either person-
to-person contact or consumption of contaminated food or
water.
 Shigellosis is a bacterial infection with symptoms that
include watery diarrhoea, abdominal cramps and fever. It
may also progress to dysentery which manifests as passage
of mucus, blood and pus in stool. Shigellosis spreads from
one person to another by ingesting food contaminated by
infected people who do not use adequate hand washing
technique with soap and water after using the bathroom.

Giardiasis is a parasitic illness of the intestine with

symptoms such as gas, cramping and diarrhoea. Giardiasis
spreads easily by drinking infected water from untreated
sources or by hand-to-faecal contact.

Hand-foot-mouth disease is a group of disease caused by

the coxsackie virus and other enteroviruses. The symptoms
include blister-like bumps in the mouth, on the palms of the
hands and sole of the feet. The virus spreads by ingesting
food or drink contaminated with fecal content

Food poisoning is caused by several bacteria including

Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter
and E. coli 0157:H7. Hand contamination with any of these
bacteria can cause cross-contamination of your food.

Body fluid illnesses are spread through blood, reproductive

fluids, urine and even pus from infections like herpes.
Failing to wash your hands can spread germs in these fluid
from an infected person to other surfaces where they can be
picked up by healthy individuals later. Examples include
typhoid, Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-barr virus.

Worm infestation is another common illness resulting from

not watching your hands regularly. Faeces of humans and
animals are usually filled with intestinal worms at various
stages of development. The eggs of some of these worms
are specially equipped to survive for a long time in the soil,
other stages survive for only a short time. If you have
contact with infected soil or faeces (even that of babies)
and fail to watch your hands before touching food or drink,
you may be inadvertently ingesting eggs of worms which
then grows into the adult form of the worms. Worm
 infestation is a source of chronic illness and malnutrition,
and may be fatal in children.

Superficial eye and skin infections such as bacterial

conjunctivitis, chicken pox, measles, rashes, eczema etc
have been shown to be transmissible by hand contact.

26