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APPLICATION NOTE
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NEUTRAL LOAD
IAP
IAN
VAP
IBP
IBN
ADE78xx SPI or I2C MCU
VBP
ICP
ICN
VCP
INP
INN
VN
PHASE B
NEUTRAL PHASE A
PHASE C
09115-001
GENERATOR
Figure 1. 3-Phase Energy Meter Structure Built Around One of the ADE78xx Family Devices
Rev. 0 | Page 1 of 12
AN-1076 Application Note
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction ...................................................................................... 1 Hexadecimal Computation ........................................................... 12
Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Computing Hexadecimal Representation of a Signed
Calibration Methods .................................................................... 4 Fractional Number ..................................................................... 12
Computing CFxDEN, IFS, and VFS .............................................. 4 Computing Hexadecimal Representation of THR Thresholds
....................................................................................................... 12
Configure the ADE7878 .............................................................. 5
Accurate Source Method ............................................................. 5
Reference Meter Method ............................................................. 9
REVISION HISTORY
6/10Revision 0: Initial Version
Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 12
Application Note AN-1076
Figure 2 shows the functional block diagram of the ADE7878. The external components, together with the internal analog-to-
The quantities that need to be calibrated are presented: xIGAIN, digital converters (ADCs), introduce metering errors. The gain
xVGAIN, xPHCAL, xWATTOS, xWGAIN, xVAROS, xVARGAIN, calibration compensates the amplitude errors determined by the
xFWATTOS, xFWGAIN, xFVAROS, xFVARGAIN, xVRMSOS, current transformers, resistor dividers, and the ADCs. The phase
NIGAIN, and NIRMSOS (x = A, B, or C). Depending on ADE78xx calibration compensates the phase delay introduced by the current
IC used, some of these quantities may not be calibrated. For example, transformers. Offset compensation is necessary to eliminate the
the ADE7858 does not compute the fundamental active/reactive effect of the correlated noise present in various data paths.
powers; therefore, xFWATTOS, xFWGAIN, xFVAROS, and
xFVARGAIN do not need to be calibrated in this case.
09115-002
CF3/HSCLK
SCLK/SCL
MISO/HSD
MOSI/SDA
SS/HSA
IRQ0
IRQ1
PM0
PM1
CF1
CF2
33
34
35
29
32
36
38
37
39
2
CF1DEN
CF2DEN
CF3DEN
ADE7878
SPI/I2C
HSDC
I2C
DFC
DFC
DFC
PHASE A,
PHASE B,
PHASE C
DATA
AND
AVAGAIN
DIGITAL SIGNAL
PROCESSOR
AFVARGAIN
AVARGAIN
AFWGAIN
AVRMS
AIRMS
NIRMS
AFWATTOS
AWGAIN
AFVAROS
AVAROS
AVRMSOS
AIRMSOS
NIRMSOS
AWATTOS
REACTIVE POWER
REACTIVE POWER
COMPUTATIONAL
COMPUTATIONAL
FUNDAMENTAL
ACTIVE AND
BLOCK FOR
BLOCK FOR
TOTAL
LPF
LPF
LPF
LPF
X2
X2
X2
INTEGRATOR
INTEGRATOR
DIGITAL
DIGITAL
DGND
TOTAL/FUNDAMENTAL ACTIVE/
TOTAL/FUNDAMENTAL ACTIVE/
(SEE PHASE A FOR DETAILED
DATA PATH)
DATA PATH)
HPFDIS
HPFDIS
HPFDIS
LDO
[23:0]
[23:0]
[23:0]
HPF
HPF
HPF
AVDD
24
AVGAIN
AIGAIN
NIGAIN
LDO
AGND
25
APHCAL
POR
VDD
26
REFIN/OUT
ADC
ADC
ADC
ADC
ADC
ADC
ADC
17
PGA3
PGA3
PGA3
1.2V
REF
RESET
4
PGA1
PGA1
PGA1
PGA2
CLKIN 27
CLKOUT 28
VAP 23
IBN 12
VBP 22
ICP 13
ICN 14
VCP 19
VN 18
INP 15
INN 16
IAP 7
IAN 8
IBP 9
Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 12
AN-1076 Application Note
IAP
CALIBRATION METHODS R1
09115-003
R2
one using a reference meter and one using an accurate source. IAN
The reference meter method supposes the source is able to Figure 3. Phase Current Input Structure with Current Transformer
provide various currents and voltages without too much accuracy Figure 3 presents the current transformer input structure normally
and stability. The readings of the meter in calibration are compared used on an ADE7878-based 3-phase meter. Based on the current
against the reference meter readings, and the quantities to calibrate transformer characteristics and the burden resistors (R1 and R2),
are adjusted accordingly. compute the full-scale current (IFS), that is, the rms of the
The accurate source method supposes the source can provide exact sinusoidal current that determines a full-scale sinusoid at the
currents and voltages. The readings of the meter in calibration are current channel ADC inputs as follows:
compared against expected values, and the quantities to calibrate
0.5 CTRATIO
are adjusted accordingly. I FS = [ A]
(R1 + R2 ) 2
Both methods require the computation of the CFxDEN (x = 1,
2, or 3) registers, full-scale current (IFS), and full-scale voltage (VFS) where:
based on the meter specifications. R1 and R2 are the burden resistors.
CTRATIO is the current transformer input-to-output ratio, and 0.5 V
COMPUTING CFxDEN, IFS, AND VFS is the maximum allowed voltage at the ADC inputs.
An energy meter is usually characterized by the nominal Note that, for simplicity, Figure 3 does not show the antialiasing
current (IN), nominal voltage (VN), and the meter constant (MC). filter that must be placed between the coil and the ADE7878.
The meter constant expresses how many impulses are generated A simple RC filter with a corner frequency of f0 > 2 kHz should
at the CF1, CF2, or CF3 pulse output pins every kWh. be used.
CFxDEN is a positive integer used in the energy-to-frequency IAP
converter block of the ADE7878. The CF1DEN, CF2DEN, and
09115-004
CF3DEN registers are initialized with this value.
IAN
The expression used to calculate its value is
Figure 4. Phase Current Input Structure With Rogowski Coil
103
CFxDEN = round
(1) Figure 4 presents the Rogowski coil input structure used on an
MC[imp/kWh] 10 ADE7878-based 3-phase meter. Based on the voltage per amp
where: ratio of the coil, RGCRATIO [V/A], the full-scale sinusoid at the
MC is the meter constant expressed in impulses/kWh. current channel ADC inputs can be computed.
10 with < 0 determines how much energy is assigned to 0.5
1 LSB of various energy registers, such as WATT-hour and I FS = [ A]
PGA I RG C RATIO 2
VAR-hour.
where PGAI is the PGA gain in the current channel. Note that for
For example, MC = 6400 imp/kWh in the energy meter to
simplicity, no filter is shown between the coil and the ADE7878.
calibrate. To obtain a positive integer CxFDEN, chose = 3.
However, with Rogowski coils, two cascaded filters should be
103 placed one immediately after the coil, with a corner frequency
CFxDEN = round = round(156.25) = 156
3 of 10f0 compensates for the 20 dB/dec gain of the coil, followed
6400 10
by the regular antialiasing filter with a corner frequency, f0.
where = 3 means that 1 LSB of the energy registers counts as
103 Wh, 103 VARh, or 103 VAh.
Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 12
Application Note AN-1076
PHASE A
NEUTRAL LINE ACCURATE SOURCE METHOD
Current and Voltage RMS Calibration
R3 R4 Calibration of the xIGAIN and xVGAIN Registers
VAP
Previously, it was shown how the CFxDEN registers can be
calculated to accumulate energy in submultiples of watt-hour,
VAR-hour, or VA-hour. Similarly, current and voltage rms gain
VN
registers allow the computation of the rms registers in submultiples
09115-005
ampere and volt, respectively.
Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 12
AN-1076 Application Note
The procedure to calculate xIGAIN and xVGAIN follows: Similarly, the xVRMSOS calibrated value is the 24-bit
1. Supply each phase of the meter with a nominal current, hexadecimal representation of the following:
nominal voltage, and a power factor of 1. 2
VRMSMIN VN2 VRMSN2 VMIN
2
xVRMSOS =
2. Enable the zero crossing interrupts (ZXVA, ZXVB, ZXVC, 128 (VMIN VN )
2 2
Rev. 0 | Page 6 of 12
Application Note AN-1076
THR must always be greater or equal to PMAX, the active power AWGAIN is the signed 24-bit hexadecimal representation of the
computed by the ADE7878 when the phase voltage and phase following:
current have full-scale amplitudes: WATTHR REF
2
AWGAIN = 1
5,928,256 1 4,191,910 2 AWATTHR
PMAX = 19 = = 33,516,139
2 2 2 19 Repeat the procedure for Phase B and Phase C to determine
BWGAIN and CWGAIN. Instead of setting Bit 3 (ZXSEL[0]) to 1
If THR is less than PMAX, adjust VRMSREF or IRMSREF.
in the LCYCMODE register, set Bit 4 (ZXSEL[1]) and Bit5
For example, to calibrate an energy meter where IFS = 7 A rms, (ZXSEL[2]) in the LCYCMODE register, respectively.
VFS = 350 V rms, VN = 220 V rms, and IN = 1 A rms, then the As an alternative, instead of reading the energy registers, simply set
threshold is Bit 0 (TERMSEL1[0]) to 1, Bit 1 (TERMSEL1[1]) to 0, and Bit 2
(TERMSEL1[2]) to 0 in the COMPMODE register, read the CF1
THR = pin frequency and compare it to the desired CFREF as follows:
2,634,915 598,844 83 3.6 106 MC V N I N
round = 394,616,854 CFREF =
219 220 1 156 6400 3.6 10 6
In hexadecimal, this number is THR = 0x17856016. Because AWGAIN is then the signed 24-bit hexadecimal representation
WTHRx, VARTHR,x and VATHRx are 48-bit signed registers, of the following:
they are initialized into the ADE7878 memory using two 24-bit CFREF
AWGAIN = 1
registers, THR1 = 0x17 and THR0 = 0x856016. CF1
If the time measurement error introduced by the crystal requires Repeat the procedure to determine BWGAIN by setting Bit 0
compensation, then the procedure to calibrate AWGAIN is as (TERMSEL1[0]) to 0, Bit 1 (TERMSEL1[1]) to 1, and Bit 2
follows: (TERMSEL1[2]) to 0 in the COMPMODE register. To determine
1. Supply Phase A of the meter with accurate nominal current, CWGAIN, set Bit 0 (TERMSEL1[0]) to 0, Bit 1 (TERMSEL1[1])
nominal voltage, and a power factor of 1 (0 delay between to 0, and Bit 2 (TERMSEL1[2]) to 1 and repeat the procedure.
the current and voltage on the same phase). Calibration of the xPHCAL Registers
2. Set the ADE7878 in line cycle accumulation mode for total
As was previously stated, the phase calibration is necessary to
active energy by setting Bit 0 (LWATT) and Bit 3 (ZXSEL[0])
compensate for the phase delay introduced by the current
to 1 in the LCYCMODE register.
transformers. The procedure to calibrate the APHCAL, BPHCAL,
3. Compute the LINECYC register that determines the
and CPHCAL registers is as follows:
accumulation time. Usually, the watt-hour registers have a
four-digit number at the end of the accumulation to allow a 1. Supply each phase of the meter with a nominal current,
sufficient margin for gain correction. The following expression nominal voltage, and power factor equal to 0.5 inductive
should give an indication of the minimum value: (the current has a delay of 60 relative to the voltage on
the same phase).
10 3600 256 10 3
LINECYC 10,000 2 2. Use the same initializations as in Calibration of the
VN I N Period
WGAIN Registers section for each phase.
where: 3. Compute the content that the AWATTHR register would
Period is the content of the ADE7878 register showing the have if under ideal conditions by
duration of a line cycle period. V I 0.5 LINECYC Period
VN is the nominal phase voltage of the meter. WATTHRREF = N N
10 3600 2 256 103
IN is the nominal phase current of the meter.
4. Read the AWATTHR register when interrupt IRQ0 is
4. Compute the content that the AWATTHR register would
triggered. Then cancel the interrupt flag in the STATUS0
have if under ideal conditions by
register by writing STATUS0 when Bit 5 (LENERGY) is set to 1.
V I LINECYC Period
WATTHRREF = N N Repeat this operation multiple times and use the arithmetical
10 3600 2 256 103
average of AWATTHR in the next equation.
5. Enable LENERGY interrupt in the MASK0 register by
5. Compute the angle representing the delay error between
setting Bit 5 (LENERGY) to 1.
the phase current and phase voltage by
6. Read the AWATTHR register when interrupt IRQ0 is
triggered. Then cancel the interrupt flag in the STATUS0 1 AWATTHR
x = arcsin 1
register by writing STATUS0 when Bit 5 (LENERGY) is set to 1.
Repeat this operation multiple times and use the arithmetical 3 WATTHR REF
average of WATTHR in the following equation.
Rev. 0 | Page 7 of 12
AN-1076 Application Note
The phase resolution of the timer used to compensate the phase Calibration of the WATTOS Registers
delay is As previously stated, the offset compensation is necessary to
360 f L 90 compensate for the effect of the correlated noise present in the
phase_resolution = =
1.024 10 6 Period data paths. The procedure to calibrate AWATTOS, BWATTOS,
and CWATTOS is as follows:
where:
fL is the line frequency of the system. 1. Supply each phase of the meter with accurate nominal current,
Period is the ADE7878 register indicating the line period of the nominal voltage, and a power factor of 1 (0 delay between
phase voltage. the current and voltage on the same phase).
2. Set LINECYC and WTHR to the values LINECYCN and
Divide x by the phase_resolution and compute the APHCAL
WTHRN used during the WGAIN calibration.
number by
3. Read AWATTHR and name its value AWATTHRN.
x 4. Supply each phase of the meter with the minimum current
,x 0
phase _ resolution for which the desired accuracy is required, with the nominal
APHCAL =
x voltage and a power factor of 1 (0 delay between the current
+ 512, x > 0
phase _ resolution
and voltage on the same phase).
5. Use the same initializations as in Calibration of the
Note that the previous expressions imply x is obtained in WGAIN Registers section.
degrees. If x is obtained in radians, then the phase resolution 6. Set the WTHR register equal to WTHRMIN = PMAX to
formula changes to increase the frequency at the CF1 pin now that the phase
2 f L current is small, which decreases the calibration time
phase_resolution = = significantly.
1.024 106 2 Period
7. Compute the LINECYC register that determines the
Repeat the procedure for Phase B and Phase C to determine
accumulation time. Usually, the watt-hour registers should
BPHCAL and CPHCAL.
have at least a two-digit number at the end of the accumulation
As an alternative, instead of reading the energy registers, simply to allow sufficient margin for gain correction. If longer
set Bit 0 (TERMSEL1[0]) to 1, Bit 1 (TERMSEL1[1]) to 0, and accumulation times are acceptable, then a three-digit number
Bit 2 (TERMSEL1[2]) to 0 in the COMPMODE register, read may also be considered. The following expression should
the CF1 pin frequency and compare it to the desired CFREF by give an indication of the minimum value:
MC VN I N 0.5 10 3600 256 10 3
CFREF = LINECYC 100 2
3.6 106 VN I N Period
The delay error between the phase current and phase voltage is 8. Read AWATTHR and name its value AWATTHRMIN.
Rev. 0 | Page 8 of 12
Application Note AN-1076
AWATTOS is then the signed 24-bit representation of the Total and Fundamental Active Energy Calibration
following: To perform the total active energy calibration, execute the following:
CFDEN WTHRMIN
AWATTOS = (CFREF CF1) 1. Power up the ADE7878.
(1 + WGAIN ) f S 2. Configure the ADE7878 to provide pulses proportional to
Repeat the procedure to determine BWATTOS by setting Bit 0 the Phase A, Phase B, and Phase C total active energy at the
(TERMSEL1[0]) to 0, Bit 1 (TERMSEL1[1]) to 1, and Bit 2 CF1, CF2, and CF3 pins, respectively.
(TERMSEL1[2]) to 0 in the COMPMODE register. To determine 3. Supply the meter with nominal phase voltages, nominal phase
CWATTOS, set Bit 0 (TERMSEL1[0]) to 0, Bit 1 (TERMSEL1[1]) currents, and phase power factors equal to 1.
to 0, and Bit 2 (TERMSEL1[2]) to 1 and repeat the procedure. 4. Calibrate the AWGAIN, BWGAIN, and CWGAIN registers
5. Supply the meter with nominal phase voltages, nominal
Total and Fundamental Reactive Energy Calibration phase currents, and phase power factors equal to 0.5.
The total and fundamental reactive energy calibration is not 6. Calibrate the APHCAL, BPHCAL, and CPHCAL registers.
necessary because the gains and offsets computed for the total 7. Supply the meter with nominal phase voltages, minimum
active energy should be the same: AVARGAIN and AFVARGAIN phase currents at which the meter must be certified, and
are equal to AWGAIN, and AVAROS and AFVAROS are equal phase power factors equal to 1.
to AWATTOS, and so on. However, for outstanding accuracy, 8. Calibrate the AWATTOS, BWATTOS, and CWATTOS
the total and fundamental reactive energy can be calibrated registers.
using the same procedures presented for the total active energy
The fundamental active energy calibration is not necessary because
calibration in the Calibration of the WGAIN Registers section
the gains and offsets computed for the total active energy should be
and Calibration of the WATTOS Registers section. The only
the same; AFWGAIN is equal to AWGAIN, AFWATTOS is equal
difference is that the currents and voltages must have a power
to AWATTOS, and so on. However, for outstanding accuracy,
factor of 0 (the current has a delay of 90 relative to the voltage
fundamental active energy can still be calibrated using the same
on the same phase).
procedures presented in Total and Fundamental Active Energy
Apparent Energy Calibration Calibration section.
Calibration of VAGAIN Registers Calibration of the WGAIN Registers
The gains computed for the apparent energy should be the same As previously stated, the calibration of gain registers is necessary to
with the gains computed for the total active energy; AVAGAIN, compensate for small amplitude errors determined by the current
BVAGAIN, and CVAGAIN should be respectively equal to transformers, resistor dividers, and the ADCs. The procedure to
AWGAIN, BWGAIN, and CWGAIN. However, for outstanding calibrate AWGAIN, BWGAIN, and CWGAIN is as follows:
accuracy, the apparent energy may be calibrated using the same
procedure presented for the total active energy calibration in 1. Supply each phase of the meter with nominal current,
the Calibration of the WGAIN Registers section. nominal voltage, and a power factor of 1 (0 delay between the
current and voltage on the same phase).
The apparent energy data path does not contain any offset 2. Set Bit 0 (TERMSEL1[0]) to 1, Bit 1 (TERMSEL1[1]) to 0, and
compensation registers because the offset is compensated in the Bit 2 (TERMSEL1[2]) to 0 in the COMPMODE register, so
rms data path using the xIRMSOS and xVRMSOS registers. that only Phase A powers are provided at the CF1 pin.
REFERENCE METER METHOD 3. Set the CF1 pin to provide signal proportional to the sum of
Current and Voltage RMS Calibration the total phase active powers by initializing Bits[2:0]
(CF1SEL[2:0]) in the CFMODE register to 0.
To calibrate the current and voltage rms, use the accurate source
4. Read the CF pin frequency of both meters: the one to calibrate
method. See the Current and Voltage RMS Calibration section
(CF1) and the reference one (CFREF). Repeat this operation
for additional information.
multiple times and use the arithmetical average in
Equation 5.
AWGAIN is the signed 24-bit hexadecimal representation of the
following:
CF
AWGAIN = REF 1 (5)
CF1
Repeat the procedure to determine BWGAIN by setting Bit 0
(TERMSEL1[0]) to 0, Bit 1 (TERMSEL1[1]) to 1, and Bit 2
(TERMSEL1[2]) to 0 in the COMPMODE register. To determine
CWGAIN, set Bit 0 (TERMSEL1[0]) to 0, Bit 1 (TERMSEL1[1])
to 0, and Bit 2 (TERMSEL1[2]) to 1 and repeat the procedure.
Rev. 0 | Page 9 of 12
AN-1076 Application Note
Calibration of the PHCAL Registers Repeat the procedure to determine BPHCAL by setting Bit 0
As previously stated, the phase calibration is necessary to (TERMSEL1[0]) to 0, Bit 1 (TERMSEL1[1]) to 1, and Bit 2
compensate for the phase delay introduced by the current (TERMSEL1[2]) to 0 in the COMPMODE register. To determine
transformers. The procedure to calibrate the APHCAL, CPHCAL, set Bit 0 (TERMSEL1[0]) to 0, Bit 1 (TERMSEL1[1])
BPHCAL, and CPHCAL registers is as follows: to 0, and Bit 2 (TERMSEL1[2]) to 1 and repeat the procedure.
1. Supply each phase of the meter with a nominal current, If the phase errors in the system were large, they may introduce
nominal voltage, and power factor equal to 0.5 inductive gain errors that are not compensated for during the WGAIN
(the current has a delay of 60 relative to the voltage on calibration. In this case, after the phase errors are compensated
the same phase). for, gain calibration must be executed one more time to eliminate
2. Use the same initializations as the Calibration of the these potential errors.
WGAIN Registers section. Calibration of the WATTOS Registers
3. Read the CF frequency of both meters: the one to calibrate As previously stated, the offset compensation is necessary to
(CF1) and the reference one (CFREF). Repeat this operation compensate for the effect of the correlated noise present in the
multiple times and use the arithmetical average in Equation 6. data paths. The procedure to calibrate AWATTOS, BWATTOS,
4. Compute the angle representing the delay error between the and CWATTOS is as follows:
phase current and phase voltage by
1. Supply each phase of the meter with the minimum current
1 CF for which the desired accuracy is required, with the nominal
x = arcsin 1 (6)
CF voltage and a power factor of 1 (0 delay between the
3 REF
current and voltage on the same phase).
The phase resolution of the timer used to compensate the phase 2. Set the WTHR register equal to WTHRMIN = PMAX to
delay is: increase the frequency at the CF1, CF2 and CF3 pins,
360 f L now that the phase current is small, which decreases the
90
phase_resolution = = calibration time significantly.
1.024 10 6
Period
3. Set Bit 0 (TERMSEL1[0]) to 1, Bit 1 (TERMSEL1[1]) to 0,
where: and Bit 2 (TERMSEL1[2]) to 0 in the COMPMODE register
fL is the line frequency of the system. so only Phase A powers are provided at CF1 pin.
Period is the ADE7878 register indicating the line period of the 4. Set the CF1 pin to provide signal function of the phase total
phase voltage. active powers by initializing Bits[2:0] (CF1SEL[2:0]) in the
Divide x by phase_resolution and compute the APHCAL CFMODE register to 0.
number: 5. Read the CF frequency of both meters: the one to calibrate
(CF1) and the reference one (CFREF). Repeat this operation
x multiple times and use the arithmetical average in the
,x 0
phase _ resolution following expression.
APHCAL =
x
+ 512, x > 0 The AWATTOS is the signed 24-bit hexadecimal representation
phase _ resolution
of the following:
Note that the previous expressions imply x is obtained in degrees. CFDEN WTHRMIN
If x is obtained in radians, then the phase resolution formula AWATTOS = (CFREF CF1)
(1 + WGAIN ) f S
changes to
2 f L where fS is 8 kHz, the sampling frequency of the ADE7878.
phase_resolution = =
1.024 10 6 2 Period Repeat the procedure to determine BWATTOS by setting Bit 0
(TERMSEL1[0]) to 0, Bit 1 (TERMSEL1[1]) to 1, and Bit 2
(TERMSEL1[2]) to 0 in the COMPMODE register. To determine
CWATTOS, set Bit 0 (TERMSEL1[0]) to 0, Bit 1 (TERMSEL1[1])
to 0, and Bit 2 (TERMSEL1[2]) to 1 and repeat the procedure.
Rev. 0 | Page 10 of 12
Application Note AN-1076
Total and Fundamental Reactive Energy Calibration Apparent Energy Calibration
The total and fundamental reactive energy calibration is not Calibration of the VAGAIN Registers
necessary because the gains and offsets computed for the total The gains computed for the apparent energy should be the
active energy should be the same; AVARGAIN and AFVARGAIN same as the gains computed for the total active energy;
are equal to AWGAIN, AVAROS and AFVAROS are equal to AVAGAIN, BVAGAIN, and CVAGAIN should be equal to
AWATTOS, and so on. However, for outstanding accuracy, total AWGAIN, BWGAIN, and CWGAIN, respectively. However, for
and fundamental reactive energy can still be calibrated using the outstanding accuracy, the apparent energy can still be calibrated
same procedures presented for the total active energy calibration. using the same procedures presented for the total active energy
The only difference is that the currents and voltages must have a calibration. As a reference, execute the following operations:
power factor of 0 (the current has a delay of 90 relative to the 1. Configure the ADE7878 to provide pulses proportional to
voltage on the same phase). the Phase A, Phase B, and Phase C total apparent energy at
As a reference, execute the following operations: the CF1 pin, respectively, by initializing Bits[2:0]
1. Configure the ADE7878 to provide pulses proportional to (CF1SEL[2:0]) in the CFMODE register to 010.
the Phase A, Phase B, and Phase C total reactive energy at 2. Calibrate the AVAGAIN, BVAGAIN, and CVAGAIN
the CF1 pin by initializing Bits[2:0] (CF1SEL[2:0]) in the registers using the procedure outlined in Calibration of the
CFMODE register to 001. To calibrate the fundamental WGAIN Registers section.
reactive energy, initialize the same bits to 100. The apparent energy data path does not contain any offset
2. Calibrate the A(F)VARGAIN, B(F)VARGAIN, and compensation registers because the offset is compensated in the
C(F)VARGAIN registers using the procedure outlined rms data path using the xIRMSOS and xVRMSOS registers.
in Calibration of the WGAIN Registers section.
3. Calibrate the A(F)VAROS, B(F)VAROS, and C(F)VAROS
registers using the procedure outlined in Calibration of the
WATTOS Registers section.
Rev. 0 | Page 11 of 12
AN-1076 Application Note
HEXADECIMAL COMPUTATION
COMPUTING HEXADECIMAL REPRESENTATION COMPUTING HEXADECIMAL REPRESENTATION
OF A SIGNED FRACTIONAL NUMBER OF THR THRESHOLDS
Many calibration registers of the ADE7878 are 24-bit signed The WTHRx, VARTHRx, and VATHRx registers are 48-bit registers
numbers. The hexadecimal representation, X, of a positive number accessed as two 32-bit registers, xTHR1 and xTHR0 (x = W,
x lower than +1 is X = x 223. VAR, or VA), each having eight most significant bits (MSB)
padded with zeros. To compute xTHR1 knowing THR, the
The hexadecimal representation, X, of a negative number
following expression is used:
greater than 1 is X = 224 + x 223.
xTHR
xTHR1 = fix 24
2
The function fix means the result of the division between xTHR
and 224 is rounded down to the nearest positive integer.
To compute xTHR0, the following expression is used:
xTHR0 = xTHR xTHR1 224
I2C refers to a communications protocol originally developed by Philips Semiconductors (now NXP Semiconductors).
Rev. 0 | Page 12 of 12