Behavior Based

Safety
PPT-SM-BBS
1 2014
Copyright 2014 by PEC Safety Management, Inc.
 Behavior Based Safety
Behavior based safety (BBS) is a process that helps
you and your coworkers identify and choose a safe
behavior over an unsafe one
For BBS to work, all levels of company workers and
management must work together
BBS looks at how three things interact to improve
safety
Person
Work Environment
Behavior
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 Dr. Gellers Safety Triad
Three elements of the safety triad
Person knowledge, skills, abilities, intelligence,
motives, personality, attitudes, and values
Environment equipment, tools, machines,
housekeeping, heat/cold, engineering, materials,
safety rules, standards, operating procedures
Behavior complying, coaching, recognizing,
communicating, actively caring
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 Dr. Gellers Safety Triad
To ensure safety
Actively care about environment and improving
workplace conditions
Acknowledge personal rights and motivate
workers to be safe
Reduce at-risk behaviors and increase safe
behaviors
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 Principles of Behavior Based Safety
Basic principles of BBS
Behavior is a cause of accidents
Observe measure manage
Feedback is essential to improvement
Consequences motivate behavior
Communication is the key
Participation creates ownership
Continuous improvement happens when we work together
Be proactive rather than reactive

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 Behavior versus Attitude
Behavior - what you do
Attitude - what you think, feel, or believe
BBS strives to instill a safety-oriented attitude
A bad attitude may result in
o Committing an unsafe act
o Failing to do something you should or could have
done to prevent an accident
Many accidents are directly related to workers
attitudes
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 Behavior versus Attitude
Your attitude and behavior
(actions) create the proper
atmosphere for safety
It is vital that you and every
worker be involved in creating The three As of
a safety atmosphere safety
Supervisors and managers

Atmosphere
Attitude
must lead by example Actions

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 Behavior versus Attitude
Barriers to safe behavior
Untrained or unskilled workers
Complacency
Disagreement on safe practices
Personal choice
Culture
Ineffective management systems
Inappropriate rewards
Poor facilities and equipment
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 ABC Model
One way to look at how changing your
behavior can improve safety is the ABC
Model
A = Activator triggers behavior
B = Behavior what we do
C = Consequence reinforcement or
punishment
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 ABC Model
Your attitude (the activator) affects how you behave
Your behavior has consequences
Consequences can either reinforce or deter a behavior
Positive reinforcement enforces safe behavior
Negative reinforcement deters unsafe behavior
BBS training attempts to reduce work-related injuries
by creating a culture of safe behavior through
Observation
Feedback
Positive intervention
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 Situations of Accident Potential
Look out for situations of accident potential (SOAP)
Recognize potential hazards or safety problems
Fix these problems before you start a job
Observe SOAP when you get to the jobsite
Be proactive
Recognize threats that may not be immediately obvious
A slippery spot on the ground
A nail sticking up in a board
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 Building a BBS Program
Four Key Components to BBS Programs
1. Correct behavior list
Determine the safe way to do the job
2. Observation card
Observe and record unsafe behaviors
3. Feedback process
Deliver feedback immediately following an observation
4. Measurement tool
BBS is an ongoing process
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 Correct Behavior List
Identify unsafe behaviors
Determine the alternate safe behavior
Use this list to know what to look for in
observation

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 Observation Process
Know how to observe for
Unsafe acts
Unsafe conditions
SOAP
Know how to
Stop work
Correct unsafe behaviors
Report unsafe behaviors to management
o Workers must not be penalized for reporting unsafe
behaviors
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 Observation Process
Six steps to observation process
1. Observe
Observe the job to make sure you understand what the
worker is doing and provide necessary feedback
2. Understand
Communicate effectively; make sure the workers
understand why their behavior is unsafe
3. Identify alternate behavior
Coach the worker in the correct, safe behavior and
allow change for safer way of getting the job done
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 Observation Process
4. Clarify commitment
Make it clear that workers are committed to doing the
job safely through feedback and positive intervention
5. Obtain agreement
Workers must agree to change unsafe behavior to an
alternate safe behavior
6. Observe to follow-up
Observe workers at a later date to make sure they are
using the safe behavior; reinforce the safe behavior with
positive feedback
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 Feedback Process
Deliver feedback immediately following an
observation
Safe behavior observed
Feedback should acknowledge and reinforce it
Unsafe behavior observed
Identify cause of unsafe behavior
Explain why the behavior was unsafe
Offer an alternative safe behavior
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 Feedback Process
It is important that feedback be positive
The feedback process should detail better,
safer ways to do the job
Organize safety meetings to reinforce
feedback
You are part of a team
Your goal should be to make a positive
change to a safer work environment
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 Measurement Tool
BBS must be an ongoing process
For BBS to work, everyone needs to be
involved
Companies that see results from BBS
Keep up data entry
Use performance charts
Use observation reports
Set specific safety goals
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 Roles and Responsibilities of BBS
Managers
Provide oversight for supervisors
Understand the BBS process
Eliminate organizational issues

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 Roles and Responsibilities of BBS
Supervisors
Keep all personal observation data confidential
Ensure that no disciplinary actions are taken because of
observation
Provide enough time for workers to perform observations
and properly document them
Understand what the data is saying about safety
performance
Remove any barriers to safe behavior
Make BBS a part of daily operations for themselves and
their workers
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 Roles and Responsibilities of BBS
Workers
Develop a positive safety attitude
Participate in BBS training
Understand and participate in BBS process
Participate in safety meetings that support the BBS
process
Keep an eye on fellow coworkers
Take a direct role in making sure everyone is
working safely
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 Roles and Responsibilities of BBS
Safety/Steering Committee
Develop action plan based on reported
observations
Communicate issues at safety meetings
Make safety recommendations to management
Provide BBS training to ensure all workers are
using the program consistently
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 PPT-SM-BBS
24 2014
Sign and date this quiz sheet. Name: Date:
Circle the letter representing the correct

Safety Meeting Quiz: Behavior-Based Safety

answer to each quiz question below.

1. BBS is a process that helps you and your coworkers choose a safe behavior over an
unsafe one.
A. true
B. false

2. %HKDYLRULVGHQHGDVBBBBBBBBBBBB
A. what you do
B. what you think, feel, or believe
C. a situation of accident potential

Behavior-Based Safety
D. committing an unsafe act

3. <RXUDWWLWXGHLVBBBBBBBBBBBBB
A. what you do
B. what you think, feel, or believe
C. a situation of accident potential
D. committing an unsafe act

4. You attitude has no effect on your behavior.

A. true
B. false

5. $FRQVHTXHQFHBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
A. triggers behavior
B. is what you do
C. can either reinforce or deter a behavior
D. all of the above

6. )HHGEDFNVKRXOGEHGHOLYHUHGBBBBBBBBBBBIROORZLQJDQREVHUYDWLRQ
A. immediately
B. in a safety meeting
C. privately
D. publicly

7. 5HLQIRUFHDVDIHEHKDYLRUZLWKBBBBBBBBBBBBBBIHHGEDFN
A. positive
B. negative
C. neutral
D. none of the above

8. )RU%%6WRZRUNBBBBBBBBBBQHHGVWREHLQYROYHG
A. a supervisor
B. a manager
C. an operator
D. everyone

9. :RUNHUVDUHUHVSRQVLEOHIRUBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
2014 PEC Safety, Inc.

A. keeping an eye on fellow coworkers

B. developing a positive safety attitude
C. participating in BBS training
D. all of the above

10. :RUNHUVPXVWQRWEHSHQDOL]HGIRUUHSRUWLQJXQVDIHEHKDYLRUV
A. true
B. false

QUIZ-SM-BEHAVIOR-BASED SAFETY
REV. JAN.24 2014
 Instructors: The following key shows the answers for the Behavior-Based Safety safety meeting quiz.
Behavior-Based Safety
Safety Meeting Answer Key: Behavior-Based Safety
1. A

2. A

3. B

4. B

5. C

6. A

7. A

8. D

9. D

10. A
2014 PEC Safety, Inc.

KEY-SM-BEHAVIOR-BASED SAFETY
REV. JAN.24 2014
 This is to certify that

has successfully completed the

PEC Safety Meeting

Behavior Based Safety

Instructor Date Awarded