8.

3) You need to design a filter for a 10,000 gallon fermenter that will be aerated at a rate of 535 ft3/min
(at 20oC and 1 atm) . The bacterial count in the air is 80 per ft3. The average size of the bacteria is 1m
with density of 1.08 g/cm3. You are going to use glass fibers (Dc= 15 m) with packing density =0.03.
The cross-sectional area of the filter will be designed to give a superficial air velocity vo of 5 ft/s.

a. What depth of the filter would you recommend to prevent contamination?

b. how is the answer in (a) changed if vo is decreased to 1 ft/s? Explain the results.

Given:

Vt= 10,000 gal @20oC & 1atm

Q= 8000 ft3/d = 1.2 X10-3 g/cm3

Cno= 1000/ft3 = 1.8X10-4

Dp= 1 m= 1.5X10-3 cm

= 0.03

vo= 8ft/s

Required:

a) B b) B if vo is decreased to 1 ft/s

Solution:

8ft/s 100
V= 10.03 = 8.2744ft/s ( 3.28 )= 251.445 cm/s

3 3
Dcv (1.510 )(251.4458 )(1.210 )
Nre=
= 1.8104
= 2.5145

1.8X104
= g (29/8(8.314107 )(293)) = 6.4995X10-6 cm
0.499(1.2 X103 )
cm3

1104
2(6.4995X106) 1.10
CF =1+ 1104 (1.257 + 0.04 2(6.4995x106) )= 1.1634

(1.1634)(1.08)(1104 )(251.4458)
Nst= 18(1.8104 )(1.5103 )
= 0.6501

Nimp=0.075 (0.6501)1.2=0.0447

1104
K= 1.5103 = 1/15
 1 1
1 1 1 (2+ )
Nint= 2.002ln(2.5145) [(1 + 15) ln (1 + 15) 15 15
1 ]= 3.9426x10-3
2(1+ )
15

1.1634(1.381016 )(293)
DB= = 2.7729x10-7
3(1.8106 )(1104 )

1.5103 (251.4458)
Npe= =1361619.856
27729107

Ndif =1.3(1361619.856)2/3 + 0.7(1/15)2= 3.2169x10-3

nc= 1-(1-0.0447)(1-3.2169x10-3)(1-3.9426x10-3)= 0.0515

Assume T= 1 day

=8000 ft3/day (1 day) (1000/ft3) = 8000000

1 4 0.03
= (
8000000 (1.5103 ) 10.03
)(0.0515)

B=11.7567 cm

b) if vo=1ft/s

1ft/s 100
V= 10.03 = 8.2744ft/s ( 3.28 )= 31.4307 cm/s

3
3
Dcv (1.510 )(31.4307 )(1.210 )
Nre=
= 1.810 4 = 0.3143

1.8X104
= g (29/8(8.314107 )(293)) = 6.4995X10-6 cm
0.499(1.2 X103 )
cm3

1104
2(6.4995X106) 1.10
CF =1+ (1.257 + 0.04 2(6.4995x106) )= 1.1634
1104

(1.1634)(1.08)(1104 )(31.4307 )
Nst= 18(1.8104 )(1.5103 )
= 0.0813

Nimp=0.075 (0.0813)1.2=3.6912x10-3

1104
K= 1.5103 = 1/15

1 1
1 1 1 (2+ )
Nint= 2.002ln(0.3143) [(1 + 15) ln (1 + 15) 15 15
1 ]= 1.3476x10-3
2(1+ )
15

1.1634(1.381016 )(293)
DB= 3(1.8106 )(1104 )
= 2.7729x10-7

1.5103 (31.4307)
Npe= 27729107
= 170024.3427
Ndif =1.3(170024.3427)2/3 + 0.7(1/15)2= 4.0023x10-3

nc= 1-(1-1.3476x10-3)(1-3.6912x10-3)(1-4.0023x10-3)= 9.0160x10-3

Assume T= 1 day

=8000 ft3/day (1 day) (1000/ft3) = 8000000

1 4 0.03
= (
8000000 (1.5103 ) 10.03
)(9.0160x10 3)

B=67.1548 cm

The Decrease on upstream velocity caused the combined collection efficiency to decrease and a
decrease in collection efficiency requires a larger value of B (depth) in order to complete sterilization.

Chapter 9 (notes ni maam)

The specific oxygen demands and critical oxygen concentrations for typical microbial plants and animal
cell cultures are listed below

Cell culture qo Concentration, mmol/L

Escherichia Coli 0.5 mmol(gdw)-1h-1 0.0082

Vitisvinifera (grape) 0.6 mmol(gdw)-1h-1 0.055

Chinese Hamster Ovary 3.0x10-10 mmol(gdw)-1h-1 0.020

a.Estimate the kLa requirement to achieve cell concentrations of 25 gram dry weight/L for E. Coli and V.
Vinifera and 3.0x109 for CHO cells, while maintaining dissolved oxygen concentration above critical. The
oxygen solubility in the media used for the cultures is 7.2x10-3 kg/m3

b. The relationship between kLa and the power input to a 1-m3 stirred bioreactor is kLa ( )0.5,
compare the bioreactor power requirements for culture of the three different cell types under the
conditions described in a.

Solution:

a.) for e coli: q= 8.5mmol/h (25/L)=292.65 mmol/L.h

v.vinifera: q= 0.6 mmol/h (25/L)=15 mmol/L.h

 CHO: q= 3x10-10mmol/h (3x109/L)=0.9 mmol/L.h

Oxygen Solubilty: 7.3x10-3 kg/m3

292.5 mmol/L.h= [7.2 x10-3 kg/m3 (1kmol/32kg)(1x106 mmol/kmol)-0.0002)kla

kLa= 980.1661/hr

15 mmol/L.h= [7.2 x10-3 kg/m3 (1kmol/32kg)(1x106 mmol/kmol)-0.055)kla

kLa= 88.2353/hr

0.9 mmol/L.h= [7.2 x10-3 kg/m3 (1kmol/32kg)(1x106 mmol/kmol)-0.02)kla

kLa= 4.3902/hr

b.) kLa= k( )0.5

PT E.C.= 960725.5836 m3/hr2

K2

PT v.v. = 7765.4682 m3/hr2

K2

PT CHO= 19.2739 m3/hr2

K2

PT E.C.> PT v.v.> PT CHO