Organizational Name of Organization Justification Based on Defined Six Key Elements

Structure

Simple Apple Work specialization focuses on meeting a daily

Structure output goal and all the employees are specialist in
the area they work within. Given the size of Apple
and the amount of employees they have as well as
their ability to produce so many products and
majority of those products are successful it would
take a organizational structure like work
specialization to have a good outcome.
Chain of command

In contrast to the tall hierarchical structure, a flat

organizational structure is characterized by
relatively few layers or just one layer of
management. As a result, the chain of command
from the top to the bottom staff is short.

Wide span of control

According to the Apple Incorporated, the company can be
classified as having a wide span of control.

Departmentalization
Under the CEO of Apple Inc. Tim Cook, there are 13
departments and each department have their own group of
employees. For example, under Phil Schiller there are
many other employees like the iPad Director, vice
president of iPad marketing, vice president of education,
vice president of iPhone Product marketing and vice
president of software marketing.

Centralization

Apple Inc. is a centralized company and that is the main

reason that Apple Incorporated is the largest technology
company in the world by single person that is the Ceo
Steve Jobs. The company planned a high capital
investment of 8 billion US dollars in 2012. Nowadays,
technological businesses can be said to be the most
competitive business in the world. This applies especially
to smart phones and tablets. And for that Apple Inc. must
maintain their high level of technology to prevent itself
 from losing customers to the other companies. Due to all
these, Apple Inc. is highly encouraged to become a
centralized company. In additional, Apple Inc. has many
experiences in doing international businesses which leads
to Apple Inc. being the most complimented company in
the world.
Formalization is little
Formalization of a company mean show standardized an
organization's jobs are and the extent to which employees
behaviors are guided by a set of rules and procedures. For
Apple Inc., we know that it's high in formalization. Tim
Cook, who is the CEO of the company, has thirteen
departments under him. Each of the departments has their
own jobs and they will not do the other department's jobs.
For example, the marketing department is only doing
marketing and marketing only. If the other department,
for example, the hardware engineering department has
faced some problems, they will have to solve it
themselves because the other department will not
intervene.

Functional Telenor Work specialization

structure
It is based upon both specialist and multi skill people eg:
in It department require specialized people but customer
relation department doesnt require a specialized people

Departmentalization

Telenor Pakistan has several departments

Commercial division
Customer service division
financial division
financial service
corporate affairs

Chain of command

It has clear chain of command

 Span of control
It also varies department to department like hrm &finance
has narrow span of control but marketing &customer
relationship has wider span of control

Centralization

There is centralization but some extend there is

decentralization also employees are free to give ideas but
action on these ideas will be taken by top managers.

Formalization

Formalization is not very high rules &procedure exist to

improve employee behavior more predictable and reduce
conflict between employees.

Divisional Dividing the whole Work specialization

Structure organization according to
the major products to be The work specialization and the division of labor is based
manufactured by them is on the fields of functioning and production of the
known as Divisional organization. Individual experts specializing in different
Organizational Structure. areas of the companys manufacturing and development
are given tasks to fulfill and execute.
For example Samsung

Chain of command

The chain of command is he flow of line of authority

from the top level of management to functional level of
the organization. The authority is inherent in the hands of
the leaders and top of the managers with the responsibility
lying over their competent shoulders. The unity of
command follows from the strict organizational structure
and management being accountable to just one
authoritative leader.

Centralization

Also, many rules are developed and the decision making

process is centralized.

The structure in Samsung is centralized as lower level

managers are not competent or do not have the authority
to make any kind of decision. The decision chain filters
from the topmost level seaming down to the ground level
of management. Moreover, the lower management do not
even have a stance in decision structure. In this
centralized structure all decisions are critical and
significant acting as a decisive factor for the company.
This ensures that the decisions taken are well consistent
with the organizational strategic objectives and reduces to
take up the risk of wrong decisions.

Formalization

Each employee has fixed duties and the communication

channels are formalized in such rigid hierarchical
relationship. In Samsung Electronics, all the employees at
any level of the hierarchy are strictly guided to follow the
orders.

Span of control

Span of control covers the entire organization spread

across the globe. Otherwise, the structure of the Samsung
has a large degree of span of control.

Departmentalization

Samsung Electronics company is a department

organizational structure with CEO as a commanding
officer for the whole organization spread globally and
with multiple heads, managers or leaders taking up the
departments of finance, technology, marketing, research
and development, or finance
 Team Whole food market, Inc. in Decentralization:
Structure the united states uses team
structure. Employees in team are also allowed to take decision,
Employees empowerment is crucial in team structure.

Chain Of Command:

Line of authority that extends from upper organizational

levels to the lowest levels and clarifies who reports to
whom.
For example, facility managers report to regional
presidents and regional presidents report to the global
headquarters.

Unity of command:

If there is any problem facing to employee so he report to

the main leader of that team.

Authority And Responsibility:

there is one responsible leader in team to look around the

employees, make decision and authority give him this
right.

Span Of Control:

there is a wider span of control because the employees are

maximum and many teams are situated in different areas.

Departmentalization:

Geographic departmentalization
Functional departmentalization
Process departmentalization

Project Highly dynamic companies Specialization:

Structure such as software developers,
architecture firms, and event A series of specialized employees, ready to composed a
organization companies use work on specialized and on team basis as needed
this structure. characterize this structure.

Once project is complete they move on to another project

 Unity of command:

With each project, these collaborators report to a leader.

Departmentalization:

There is no departmentalization or rigid organizational

hierarchy to slow down decision making or taking
actions. They have no formal departments that employees
return to the completion of a project.

Less formalizations:

Employees have unlimited freedom. More time is

required for project task. It is tend to be fluids and
flexible organizational design.

Matrix Loreal Centralization & decentralization

Structure
It is a very huge company so upper level managers take
most important decision.
If the decision are based on analyzing their expertise so
all levels can make decision.

Chain of command

The chain of command in loreal is continuous line of

authority that extend from upper level to low level. Inside
the upper level the board of directors make decision
which are audit by committee and then Ceo will make the
final decision.
Departmentalization
It has very clear range of departments
1. Product departmentalization
Groups jobs by product line eg cosmetics hair care
coloring skin care make up and perfume.

2. Geographical departmentalization
This brand has many location all around the world for eg
its headquarters its research centers its evaluation centers
its production sites etc.
3. Customer departmentalization
One of the ambition of loreal is to make customize
product for all diverse customers that it can use by all the
 customers in different parts of world.

Span of control
Loreal has narrow span of control.

Work specialization

To ensure its development loreal divides its labor into

global research and innovation centers. High
specialization.

Formalization
Formalization is high

Virtual Amazon Highly centralized

Organization
No departmentalization

Consolidation of units (external communication)

Network Genpact The network structure is a newer type of

Organization organizational structure viewed as less hierarchical
(i.e., more flat),
Boundary less organization
Decentralization:
more decentralized
Span of control:
There is wider span of control

Chain of command:
there is less hierarchy tier system
They are boundary less organization

Formalization:

No mode of formalization

Structure is free and more flexible than other

structures.
They can think that they can operate more
effectively by remaining flexible and unstructured.