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co/pmp
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PMP Exam Preparation www.edureka.co/pmp
KEY FORMULAES
PV = FV / (1+R) **n
PV = Present Value, FV = Future Value, R = Rate of Interest, n = number of years
Payback Period = Time needed to recover the Capital invested. Smaller is better
1. Project Integration NPV (Net Present Value) = the sum of cash outflows and inflows discounted to
Management todays date. Bigger is better
IRR (Internal Rate of Return) = the rate of interest at which the NPV of an
investment becomes zero. Bigger is better
BCR (Benefit Cost Ration) = Revenue / Cost. Bigger is better
Opportunity Cost = Value of Project not selected. Smaller is better
Activity Relationships :
Finish to Start (FS) PERT Estimate = (O + 4M +P) / 6
Where, O = Optimistic Estimate
Finish to Finish (FF)
M = Most Likely Estimate
Start to Start (SS) P = Pessimistic Estimate
Start to Finish (SF) Standard Deviation (sigma) = (P=O) / 6
Variance (v) = ((P O)/6)2
= (Standard Deviation) 2
Strategies for Negative Risks or Threats Strategies for Positive Risks or Opportunities
1. Avoid 1.Exploit
2. Transfer 2.Enhance
3. Mitigate 3.Share
6. Project Risk Management 4. Accept 4.Accept
Types of Contracts
Fixed Price Contracts
Firm Fixed Price (FFP)
Fixed Price Incentive fee (FPIF)
Fixed Price with Economic Price Adjustment (FPEPA)
Time and Material Contracts
7. Project Procurement Cost Reimbursable Contracts
Management Cost plus Fixed Fee (CPFF)
Cost plus Incentive Fee (CPIF)
Cost plus Award Fee (CPAF)
4.1 Develop Project Charter: The process of developing a document that formally authorizes the existence of
a project and provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational resources to project
activities.
4.2 Develop Project Management Plan: The process of defining, preparing, and coordinating all subsidiary
plans and integrating them into a comprehensive project management plan. The projects integrated baselines
and subsidiary plans may be included within the project management plan.
4.3 Direct and Manage Project Work: The process of leading and performing the work defined in the project
management plan and implementing approved changes to achieve the projects objectives.
4.4 Monitor and control Project Work: The process of tracking, reviewing, and reporting project progress
against the performance objectives defined in the project management plan.
4.5 Perform Integrated Change Control: The process of reviewing all change requests; approving changes
and managing changes to deliverables, organizational process assets, project documents, and the project
management plan; and communicating their disposition.
4.6 Close Project or Phase: The process of finalizing all activities across all of the Project Management Process
Groups to formally complete the phase or project.
4.7 Project Charter: The project charter is the document issued by the project initiator or sponsor that formally
authorizes the existence of a project and provides the project manager with the authority to apply
organizational resources to project activities.
5.1 Plan Scope Management: The process of creating a scope management plan that documents how the
project scope will be defined, validated, and controlled. Collect the
5.2 Requirements: The process of determining, documenting, and managing stakeholder needs and
requirements to meet project objectives.
5.3 Define Scope: The process of developing a detailed description of the project and product.
5.4 Create WBS: The process of subdividing project deliverables and project work into smaller, more
manageable components.
5.5 Validate Scope: The process of formalizing acceptance of the completed project deliverables.
5.6 Control Scope: The process of monitoring the status of the project and product scope and managing
changes to the scope baseline.
5.7 Product Scope: The features and functions that characterize a product, service, or result.
5.8 Project Scope: The work performed to deliver a product, service, or result with the specified features and
functions. The term project scope is sometimes viewed as including product scope.
6.1 Plan Schedule Management: The process of establishing the policies, procedures, and documentation for
planning, developing, managing, executing, and controlling the project schedule.
6.2 Define Activities: The process of identifying and documenting the specific actions to be performed to
produce the project deliverables.
6.3 Sequence Activities: The process of identifying and documenting relationships among the project activities.
6.4 Estimate Activity Resources: The process of estimating the type and quantities of material, human
resources, equipment, or supplies required to perform each activity.
6.5 Estimate Activity durations: The process of estimating the number of work periods needed to complete
individual activities with estimated resources.
6.6 Develop Schedule: The process of analyzing activity sequences, durations, resource requirements, and
schedule constraints to create the project schedule model.
6.7 Control Schedule: The process of monitoring the status of project activities to update project progress
and manage changes to the schedule baseline to achieve the plan.
7.1 Plan Cost Management: The process that establishes the policies, procedures, and documentation for
planning, managing, expending, and controlling project costs.
7.2 Estimate Costs: The process of developing an approximation of the monetary resources needed to
complete project activities.
7.3 Determine Budget: The process of aggregating the estimated costs of individual activities or work
packages to establish an authorized cost baseline.
7.4 Control Costs: The process of monitoring the status of the project to update the project costs and
managing changes to the cost baseline.
8.1 Plan Quality Management: The process of identifying quality requirements and/or standards for the project
and its deliverables and documenting how the project will demonstrate compliance with quality requirements.
8.2 Perform Quality Assurance: The process of auditing the quality requirements and the results from quality
control measurements to ensure that appropriate quality standards and operational definitions are used.
8.3 Control Quality: The process of monitoring and recording results of executing the quality activities to
assess performance and recommend necessary changes.
9.1 Plan Human Resource Management: The process of identifying and documenting project roles,
responsibilities, required skills, reporting relationships, and creating a staffing management plan.
9.2 Acquire Project team: The process of confirming human resource availability and obtaining the team
necessary to complete project activities.
9.3 Develop Project Team: The process of improving competencies, team member interaction, and overall
team environment to enhance project performance.
9.4 Manage Project team: The process of tracking team member performance, providing feedback, resolving
issues, and managing changes to optimize project performance.
10.1 Plan Communications Management: The process of developing an appropriate approach and plan for
project communications based on stakeholders information needs and requirements, and available
organizational assets.
10.2 Manage Communications: The process of creating, collecting, distributing, storing, retrieving and the
ultimate disposition of project information in accordance with the communications management plan.
10.3 Control Communications: The process of monitoring and controlling communications throughout the
entire project life cycle to ensure the information needs of the project stakeholders are met.
11.1 Plan Risk Management: The process of defining how to conduct risk management activities for a project.
11.2 Identify Risks: The process of determining which risks may affect the project and documenting their
characteristics.
11.3 Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis: The process of prioritizing risks for further analysis or action by
assessing and combining their probability of occurrence and impact.
11.4 Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis: The process of numerically analyzing the effect of identified risks on
overall project objectives.
11.5 Plan Risk Responses: The process of developing options and actions to enhance opportunities and to
reduce threats to project objectives.
11.6 Control Risks: The process of implementing risk response plans, tracking identified risks, monitoring
residual risks, identifying new risks, and evaluating risk process effectiveness throughout the project.
12.1 Plan Procurement Management: The process of documenting project procurement decisions, specifying
the approach, and identifying potential sellers.
12.2 Conduct Procurements: The process of obtaining seller responses, selecting a seller, and awarding a
contract.
12.3 Control Procurements: The process of managing procurement relationships, monitoring contract
performance, and making changes and corrections as appropriate.
impact on the project, and to develop appropriate management strategies for effectively engaging
stakeholders in project decisions and execution.
13.1 Identify Stakeholders: The process of identifying the people, groups, or organizations that could impact
or be impacted by a decision, activity, or outcome of the project; and analyzing and documenting relevant
information regarding their interests, involvement, interdependencies, influence, and potential impact on
project success.
13.2 Plan Stakeholder Management: The process of developing appropriate management strategies to
effectively engage stakeholders throughout the project life cycle, based on the analysis of their needs,
interests, and potential impact on project success.
13.3 Manage Stakeholder Engagement: The process of communicating and working with stakeholders to
meet their needs/expectations, address issues as they occur, and foster appropriate stakeholder engagement
in project activities throughout the project life cycle.
13.4 Control Stakeholder Engagement: The process of monitoring overall project stakeholder relationships
and adjusting strategies and plans for engaging stakeholders.
ITTO Chart
Project Integration Management
Define Scope
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
1.Scope management plan 1. Expert judgment 1. Project scope statement
2. Project charter 2. Product analysis 2. Project documents updates
3. Requirements documentation 3. Alternatives generation
4. Organizational process assets 4. Facilitated workshops
Create WBS
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
1.Scope management plan 1. Decomposition 1. Scope baseline
2. Project scope statement 2. Expert judgment 2. Project documents updates
3. Requirements documentation
4. Enterprise environmental factors
5. Organizational process assets
Validate Scope
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
1.Project management plan 1. Inspection 1. Accepted deliverables
2. Requirements documentation 2. Group decision-making techniques 2. Change requests
3. Requirements traceability matrix 3. Work performance information
4. Verified deliverables 4. Project documents updates
5. Work performance data
Control Scope
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
1.Project management plan 1. Variance analysis 1. Work performance information
2. Requirements documentation 2. Change requests
3. Requirements traceability matrix 3. Project management plan
4. Work performance data updates
5. Organizational process assets 4. Project documents updates
5. Organizational process assets
updates
Define Activities
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
1.Schedule management plan 1. Decomposition 1. Activity list
2. Scope baseline 2. Rolling wave planning 2. Activity attributes
3. Enterprise environmental factors 3. Expert judgment 3. Milestone list
4. Organizational process assets
Sequence Activities
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
1.Schedule management plan 1. Precedence diagramming method 1. Project schedule network
2. Activity list (PDM) diagrams
3. Activity attributes 2. Dependency determination 2. Project documents updates
4. Milestone list 3. Leads and lags
5. Project scope statement
6. Enterprise environmental factors
7. Organizational process assets
Develop Schedule
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
Control Schedule
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
1. Project management plan 1. Performance reviews 1. Work performance information
2. Project schedule 2. Project management software 2. Schedule forecasts
3. Work performance data 3. Resource optimization techniques 3. Change requests
4. Project calendars 4. Modeling techniques 4. Project management plan
5. Schedule data 5. Leads and lags updates
6. Organizational process assets 6. Schedule compression 5. Project documents updates
7. Scheduling tool 6. Organizational process assets
updates
Determine Budget
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
Control Costs
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
1. Project management plan 1. Earned value management 1. Work performance information
2. Project funding requirements 2. Forecasting 2. Cost forecasts
3. Work performance data 3. To-complete performance 3. Change requests
4. Organizational process assets index(TCPI) 4. Project management plan
4. Performance reviews updates
5. Project management software 5. Project documents updates
6. Reserve analysis 6. Organizational process assets
updates
Control Quality
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
1. Project management plan 1. Seven basic quality tools 1. Quality control measurements
2. Quality metrics 2. Statistical sampling 2. Validated changes
3. Quality checklists 3. Inspection 3. Verified deliverables
4. Work performance data 4. Approved change requests review 4. Work performance information
5. Approved change requests 5. Change requests
6. Deliverables 6. Project management plan
7. Project documents updates
8. Organizational process assets 7. Project documents updates
8. Organizational process assets
updates
Manage Communications
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
1. Communications management 1. Communication technology 1. Project communications
plan 2. Communication models 2. Project management plan
2. Work performance reports 3. Communication methods updates
3. Enterprise environmental factors 4. Information management systems 3. Project documents updates
4. Organizational process assets 5. Performance reporting 4. Organizational process
assets updates
Control Communications
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
1.Project management plan 1. Information management systems 1. Work performance
2. Project communications 2. Expert judgment information
3. Issue log 3. Meetings 2. Change requests
4. Work performance data 3. Project management plan
5. Organizational process assets updates
4. Project documents updates
5. Organizational process
assets updates
Identify Risks
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
1. Risk management plan 1. Documentation reviews 1. Risk register
2. Cost management plan 2. Information gathering techniques
3. Schedule management plan 3. Checklist analysis
4. Quality management plan 4. Assumptions analysis
5. Human resource management 5. Diagramming techniques
plan 6. SWOT analysis
6. Scope baseline 7. Expert judgment
7. Activity cost estimates
8. Activity duration estimates
9. Stakeholder register
10. Project documents
11. Procurement documents
12. Enterprise environmental factors
13. Organizational process assets
Control Risks
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
1. Project management plan 1. Risk reassessment 1. Work performance
2. Risk register 2. Risk audits information
3. Work performance data 3. Variance and trend analysis 2. Change requests
4. Work performance reports 4. Technical performance measurement 3. Project management plan
5. Reserve analysis updates
6. Meetings 4. Project documents updates
5. Organizational process
assets updates
Conduct Procurements
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
1. Procurement management plan 1. Bidder conference 1. Selected sellers
2. Procurement documents 2. Proposal evaluation techniques 2. Agreements
3. Source selection criteria 3. Independent estimates 3. Resource calendars
4. Seller proposals 4. Expert judgment 4. Change requests
5. Project documents 5. Advertising 5. Project management plan
6. Make-or-buy decisions 6. Analytical techniques updates
7. Procurement statement of work 7. Procurement negotiations 6. Project documents updates
8. Organizational process assets
Control Procurements
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
1.Project management plan 1. Contract change control system 1. Work performance information
2. Procurement documents 2. Procurement performance reviews 2. Change requests
3. Agreements 3. Inspections and audits 3. Project management plan
4. Approved change requests 4. Performance reporting updates
5. Work performance reports 5. Payment systems 4. Project documents updates
6. Work performance data 6. Claims administration 5. Organizational process assets
7. Records management system updates
Close Procurements
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
1. Project management plan 1. Procurement audits 1. Closed procurements
2. Procurement documents 2. Procurement negotiations 2. Organizational process assets
3. Records management system updates
Identify Stakeholders
Inputs Tools and Techniques Outputs
1. Project charter 1. Stakeholder analysis 1. Stakeholder register
2. Procurement documents 2. Expert judgment
3. Enterprise environmental factors 3. Meetings
4. Organizational process assets
Project Management: Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project
activities to meet the project requirements.
Program: A program is defined as a group of related projects, subprograms, and program activities managed in
a coordinated way to obtain benefits not available from managing them individually.
Portfolio: A portfolio refers to projects, programs, sub-portfolios, and operations managed as a group to achieve
strategic objectives.
PMO: A project management office (PMO) is a management structure that standardizes the project-related
governance processes and facilitates the sharing of resources, methodologies, tools, and techniques.
OPA: Organizational process assets are the plans, processes, policies, procedures, and knowledge bases specific
to and used by the performing organization.
EEF: Enterprise environmental factors refer to conditions, not under the control of the project team, that influence,
constrain, or direct the project. Enterprise environmental factors are considered inputs to most planning
processes, may enhance or constrain project management options, and may have a positive or negative influence
on the outcome.
Stakeholder: A stakeholder is an individual, group, or organization who may affect, be affected by, or perceive
itself to be affected by a decision, activity, or outcome of a project.
Project Lifecycle: A project life cycle is the series of phases that a project passes through from its initiation to its
closure.
Knowledge Area: A Knowledge Area represents a complete set of concepts, terms, and activities that make up a
professional field, project management field, or area of specialization.