slide 13

Essentially, the torque motoring characteristics contain the starting

torque/locked-rotor torque,
pull-up torque, breakdown torque and normal operation modes. The starting torque
happens at zero speed,
typically at 1.5 times the full-load torque. The least torque the motor progresses
once accelerating
as of zero speed is recognized as the pull-up torque which is less than locked-
rotor torque but
then again more than the full-load torque. The breakdown torque is the maximum
torque
that cannot be beaten by the motor, regularly 2.5 times the full load torque.
At usual operation, the motor runs at n rpm at full load. Once the load torque
rise,
the rotor speed falls minimally from the synchronous speed. Henceforth,
the motor stands when the load torque go beyond breakdown torque

slide 9

Circuit analysis of an induction motor shown in Figure 11, there are two parts of
the circuit models
combined together. The first part is the stator circuit model and the second part
is the rotor circuit
model which is combined together giving the equivalent circuit model. Established
on the principle
of induction of voltages and current, the voltage, V and current, A is induced in
the rotor circuit
from the stator circuit for the operation. Induction motor equivalent circuit is
alike as the
equivalent circuit of a transformer, as well the at work principle of the induced
voltage in
cooperation the induction motor and the transformer is similar.

slide 19

By varying the supplying voltage, the speed can be controlled. The voltage is
varied until the
torque required by the load is developed, at the desired speed. The torque
developed is proportional
to the square of the supply voltage and the current is proportional to the voltage.
Hence, to reduce the speed for the same value of the same current, the value of the
voltage is
reduced and as a result, the torque developed by the motor is reduced. This stator
voltage control
method is suitable for the applications where the load torque decreases with the
speed.
For example- In the fan load.

This method gives a speed control only below the normal rated speed as the
operation of the voltages
if higher than the rated voltage is not admissible. This method is suitable where
the intermittent
operation of the drive is required and also for the fan and pump drives. As in fan
and pump the
load torque varies as the square of the speed. These types of drives required low
torque at lower speeds.
This condition can be obtained by applying lower voltage without exceeding the
motor current.