PURPORT

Atri i called for the Supreme Personality of Godhead, jagad-vara, the Lord of the universe. The Lord
must exist before the creation, otherwise how could He be its Lord? If someone constructs a big
building, this indicates that he must have existed before the building was constructed. Therefore the
Supreme Lord, the creator of the universe, must be transcendental to the material modes of nature. But
it is known that Viu takes charge of the mode of goodness, Brahm takes charge of the mode of
passion, and Lord iva takes charge of the mode of ignorance. Therefore Atri Muni said, "That jagad-
vara, the Lord of the universe, must be one of you, but since three of you have appeared, I cannot
recognize whom I have called. You are all so kind. Please let me know who is actually jagad-vara, the
Lord of the universe." In fact, Atri i was doubtful about the constitutional position of the Supreme
Lord, Viu, but he was quite certain that the Lord of the universe cannot be one of the creatures
created by my. His very inquiry about whom he had called indicates that he was in doubt about the
constitutional position of the Lord. Therefore he prayed to all three, "Kindly let me know who is the
transcendental Lord of the universe." He was certain, of course, that not all of them could he the Lord,
but the Lord of the universe was one of the three.

SB 4.1.28

TEXT 28

TEXT

Wk-ae MaYaeh >aGavaNa( ivivDaPa[DaaNaE

itaqk*-Ta" Pa[JaNaNaaYa k-Qa& Nau YaUYaMa( )

A}aaGaTaaSTaNau>a*Taa& MaNaSaae_iPa dUrad(

b]UTa Pa[SaqdTa MahaiNah ivSMaYaae Mae )) 28 ))

eko mayeha bhagavn vividha-pradhnai

citt-kta prajananya katha nu yyam

atrgats tanu-bht manaso 'pi drd

brta prasdata mahn iha vismayo me

SYNONYMS

ekaone; mayby me; ihahere; bhagavngreat personality; vividhavarious; pradhnaiby

paraphernalia; citt-ktafixed in mind; prajananyafor begetting a child; kathamwhy; nu
however; yyamall of you; atrahere; gatappeared; tanu-bhtmof the embodied;
manasathe minds; apialthough; drtfrom far beyond; brtakindly explain; prasdatabeing
merciful to me; mahnvery great; ihathis; vismayadoubt; meof mine.
TRANSLATION

I called for the Supreme Personality of Godhead, desiring a son like Him, and I thought of Him only. But
although He is far beyond the mental speculation of man, all three of you have come here. Kindly let me
know how you have come, for I am greatly bewildered about this.

PURPORT

Atri Muni was confidently aware that the Supreme Personality of Godhead is the Lord of the universe, so
he prayed for the one Supreme Lord. He was surprised, therefore, that three of them appeared.

SB 4.1.29

TEXT 29

TEXT

MaE}aeYa ovac

wiTa TaSYa vc" [uTva }aYaSTae ivbuDazR>aa" )

Pa[TYaahu" +<aYaa vaca Pa[hSYa TaMa*iz& Pa[>aae )) 29 ))

maitreya uvca

iti tasya vaca rutv

trayas te vibudharabh

pratyhu lakay vc

prahasya tam i prabho

SYNONYMS

maitreya uvcathe sage Maitreya said; itithus; tasyahis; vacawords; rutvafter hearing;
traya teall three; vibudhademigods; abhchiefs; pratyhureplied; lakaygentle;
vcvoices; prahasyasmiling; tamunto him; imthe great sage; prabhoO mighty one.

TRANSLATION

The great sage Maitreya continued: Upon hearing Atri Muni speak in that way, the three great deities
smiled, and they replied in the following sweet words.

SB 4.1.30

TEXT 30

TEXT
deva Ocu"

YaQaa k*-TaSTae SaLPaae >aaVYa& TaeNaEv NaaNYaQaa )

SaTSaLPaSYa Tae b]Na( YaE DYaaYaiTa Tae vYaMa( )) 30 ))

dev cu

yath ktas te sakalpo

bhvya tenaiva nnyath

sat-sakalpasya te brahman

yad vai dhyyati te vayam

SYNONYMS

dev cuthe demigods replied; yathas; ktadone; teby you; sakalpadetermination;

bhvyamto be done; tena evaby that; na anyathnot otherwise; sat-sakalpasyaone whose
determination is never lost; teof you; brahmanO dear brhmaa; yatthat which; vaicertainly;
dhyyatimeditating; teall of them; vayamwe are.

TRANSLATION

The three deities told Atri Muni: Dear brhmaa, you are perfect in your determination, and therefore
as you have decided, so it will happen; it will not happen otherwise. We are all the same person upon
whom you were meditating, and therefore we have all come to you.

PURPORT

Atri Muni unspecifically thought of the Personality of Godhead, the Lord of the universe, although he
had no clear idea of the Lord of the universe nor of His specific form. Mah-Viu, from whose
breathing millions of universes emanate and into whom they are again withdrawn, may be accepted as
the Lord of the universe. Garbhodakay Viu, from whose abdomen sprouted the lotus flower which
is the birthplace of Brahm, may also be considered the Lord of the universe. Similarly, Krodakay
Viu, who is the Supersoul of all living entities, may also be considered the Lord of the universe. Then,
under the order of Krodakay Viu, the Viu form within this universe, Lord Brahm and Lord
iva may also be accepted as the Lords of the universe.

Viu is the Lord of the universe because He is its maintainer. Similarly, Brahm creates the different
planetary systems and the population, so he also may be considered the Lord of the universe. Or Lord
iva, who is ultimately the destroyer of the universe, also may be considered its Lord. Therefore, since
Atri Muni did not specifically mention whom he wanted, all threeBrahm, Viu and Lord ivacame
before him. They said, "Since you were thinking of having a son exactly like the Supreme Personality of
Godhead, the Lord of the universe, your determination will be fulfilled." In other words, one's
determination is fulfilled according to the strength of one's devotion. As stated in Bhagavad-gt (9.25):
ynti deva-vrat devn pitn ynti pit-vrat. If one is attached to a particular demigod, one is
promoted to the abode of that demigod; if one is attached to the Pits, or forefathers, one is promoted
to their planet; and similarly if one is attached to the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Ka, one is
promoted to the abode of Lord Ka. Atri Muni had no clear conception of the Lord of the universe;
therefore the three presiding deities who are actually the lords of the universe in the three departments
of the modes of nature all came before him. Now, according to the strength of his determination for a
son, his desire would be fulfilled by the grace of the Lord.

SB 4.1.31

TEXT 31

TEXT

AQaaSMad&Xa>aUTaaSTae AaTMaJaa l/aek-iv[uTaa" )

>aivTaarae_(r) >ad]& Tae ivPSYaiNTa c Tae YaXa" )) 31 ))

athsmad-aa-bhts te

tmaj loka-virut

bhavitro 'ga bhadra te

visrapsyanti ca te yaa

SYNONYMS

athatherefore; asmatour; aa-bhtplenary expansions; teyour; tmajsons; loka-

virutvery famous in the world; bhavitrain the future will be born; agadear great sage;
bhadramall good fortune; teunto you; visrapsyantiwill spread; caalso; teyour; yaa
reputation.

TRANSLATION

You will have sons who will represent a partial manifestation of our potency, and because we desire all
good fortune for you, those sons will glorify your reputation throughout the world.

SB 4.1.32

TEXT 32

TEXT

Wv& k-aMavr& dtva Pa[iTaJaGMau" Saurera" )

Sa>aaiJaTaaSTaYaae" SaMYaGdMPaTYaaeiMaRzTaaeSTaTa" )) 32 ))
eva kma-vara dattv

pratijagmu surevar

sabhjits tayo samyag

dampatyor miatos tata

SYNONYMS

evamthus; kma-varamdesired benediction; dattvoffering; pratijagmureturned; sura-

varthe chief demigods; sabhjitbeing worshiped; tayowhile they; samyakperfectly;
dampatyothe husband and wife; miatowere looking on; tatafrom there.

TRANSLATION

Thus, while the couple looked on, the three deities Brahm, Viu and Mahevara disappeared from
that place after bestowing upon Atri Muni the benediction.

SB 4.1.33

TEXT 33

TEXT

SaaeMaae_>aUd(Ba]<aae_&XaeNa dtaae ivZ<aaeSTau YaaeGaivTa( )

duvaRSaa" XarSYaa&Xaae iNabaeDaai(r)rSa" Pa[Jaa" )) 33 ))

somo 'bhd brahmao 'ena

datto vios tu yogavit

durvs akarasyo

nibodhgirasa praj

SYNONYMS

somathe king of the moon planet; abhtappeared; brahmaaof Lord Brahm; aenapartial
expansion; dattaDatttreya; vioof Viu; tubut; yoga-vitvery powerful yog; durvs
Durvs; akarasya aapartial expansion of Lord iva; nibodhajust try to understand; agirasa
of the great sage Agir; prajgenerations.

TRANSLATION

Thereafter, from the partial representation of Brahm, the moon-god was born of them; from the partial
representation of Viu, the great mystic Datttreya was born; and from the partial representation of
akara [Lord iva], Durvs was born. Now you may hear from me of the many sons of Agir.
SB 4.1.34

TEXT 34

TEXT

[a Tvi(r)rSa" Paq cTaae_SaUTa k-NYak-a" )

iSaNaqval/I ku-hU rak-a cTauQYaRNauMaiTaSTaQaa )) 34 ))

raddh tv agirasa patn

catasro 'sta kanyak

sinvl kuh rk

caturthy anumatis tath

SYNONYMS

raddhraddh; tubut; agirasaof Agir i; patnwife; catasrafour; astagave birth;

kanyakdaughters; sinvlSinvl; kuhKuh; rkRk; caturththe fourth one;
anumatiAnumati; tathalso.

TRANSLATION

Agir's wife, raddh, gave birth to four daughters, named Sinvl, Kuh, Rk and Anumati.

SB 4.1.35

TEXT 35

TEXT

TaTPau}aavParavaSTaa& :YaaTaaE Svaraeicze_NTare )

oTaQYaae >aGavaNa( Saa+aad(Ba]i b*hSPaiTa" )) 35 ))

tat-putrv aparv st

khytau svrocie 'ntare

utathyo bhagavn skd

brahmiha ca bhaspati

SYNONYMS

tathis; putrausons; aparauothers; stmwere born; khytauvery famous; svrociein the

Svrocia millennium; antareof the Manu; utathyaUtathya; bhagavnvery mighty; skt
directly; brahmiha cafully spiritually advanced; bhaspatiBhaspati.

TRANSLATION

Besides these four daughters, she also had another two sons. One of them was known as Utathya, and
the other was the learned scholar Bhaspati.

SB 4.1.36

TEXT 36

TEXT

Paul/STYaae_JaNaYaTPaTNYaaMaGaSTYa& c hiv>auRiv )

Saae_NYaJaNMaiNa dhMahaTaPaa" )) 36 ))

pulastyo 'janayat patnym

agastya ca havirbhuvi

so 'nya-janmani dahrgnir

virav ca mah-tap

SYNONYMS

pulastyathe sage Pulastya; ajanayatbegot; patnymin his wife; agastyamthe great sage
Agastya; caalso; havirbhuviin Havirbh; sahe (Agastya); anya-janmaniin the next birth; dahra-
agnithe digesting fire; viravVirav; caand; mah-tapgreatly powerful because of
austerity.

TRANSLATION

Pulastya begot in his wife, Havirbh, one son of the name Agastya, who in his next birth became
Dahrgni. Besides him, Pulastya begot another very great and saintly son, whose name was Virav.

SB 4.1.37

TEXT 37

TEXT

TaSYa Ya+aPaiTadeRv" ku-beriSTv@iv@aSauTa" )

rav<a" ku-M>ak-<aR TaQaaNYaSYaa& iv>aqz<a" )) 37 ))

tasya yaka-patir deva

kuberas tv iavi-suta

rvaa kumbhakara ca

tathnyasy vibhaa

SYNONYMS

tasyahis; yaka-patithe king of the Yakas; devademigod; kuberaKuvera; tuand; iavi

of Iavi; sutason; rvaaRvaa; kumbhakaraKumbhakara; caalso; tathso;
anyasymin the other; vibhaaVibhaa.

TRANSLATION

Virav had two wives. The first wife was Iavi, from whom Kuvera, the master of all Yakas, was
born, and the next wife was named Kein, from whom three sons were born-Rvaa, Kumbhakara
and Vibhaa.

SB 4.1.38

TEXT 38

TEXT

Paul/hSYa GaiTa>aaRYaaR }aqNaSaUTa SaTaq SauTaaNa( )

k-MaR[e& vrqYaa&Sa& SaihZ<au& c MahaMaTae )) 38 ))

pulahasya gatir bhry

trn asta sat sutn

karmareha varysa

sahiu ca mah-mate

SYNONYMS

pulahasyaof Pulaha; gatiGati; bhrywife; trnthree; astagave birth; satchaste; sutn

sons; karma-rehamvery expert in fruitive activities; varysamvery respectable; sahium
very tolerant; caalso; mah-mateO great Vidura.

TRANSLATION

Gati, the wife of the sage Pulaha, gave birth to three sons, named Karmareha, Varyn and Sahiu,
and all of them were great sages.

PURPORT
Gati, the wife of Pulaha, was the fifth daughter of Kardama Muni. She was very faithful to her husband,
and all her sons were as good as he.

SB 4.1.39

TEXT 39

TEXT

-TaaeriPa i-Yaa >aaYaaR val/i%LYaaNaSaUYaTa )

zqNziSahai<a Jvl/Taae b]TaeJaSaa )) 39 ))

krator api kriy bhry

vlakhilyn asyata

n ai-sahasri

jvalato brahma-tejas

SYNONYMS

kratoof the great sage Kratu; apialso; kriyKriy; bhrywife; vlakhilynjust like Vlakhilya;
asyatabegot; nsages; aisixty; sahasrithousand; jvalatavery brilliant; brahma-
tejasby dint of the Brahman effulgence.

TRANSLATION

Kratu's wife, Kriy, gave birth to sixty thousand great sages, named the Vlakhilyas. All these sages were
greatly advanced in spiritual knowledge, and their bodies were illuminated by such knowledge.

PURPORT

Kriy was the sixth daughter of Kardama Muni, and she produced sixty thousand sages, who were
known as the Vlakhilyas because they all retired from family life as vnaprasthas.

SB 4.1.40

TEXT 40

TEXT

OJaaRYaa& Jaijre Pau}aa viSaSYa ParNTaPa )

ic}ake-TauPa[DaaNaaSTae Sa b]zRYaae_Mal/a" )) 40 ))

rjy jajire putr

vasihasya parantapa

citraketu-pradhns te

sapta brahmarayo 'mal

SYNONYMS

rjymin rj; jajiretook birth; putrsons; vasihasyaof the great sage Vasiha;
parantapaO great one; citraketuCitraketu; pradhnheaded by; teall the sons; saptaseven;
brahma-ayagreat sages with spiritual knowledge; amalwithout contamination.

TRANSLATION

The great sage Vasiha begot in his wife, rj, sometimes called Arundhat, seven spotlessly great
sages, headed by the sage named Citraketu.

SB 4.1.41

TEXT 41

TEXT

ic}ake-Tau" Sauraeic ivrJaa iMa}a Wv c )

oLb<aae vSau>a*aNaae uMaaNa( Xa-yadYaae_Pare )) 41 ))

citraketu suroci ca

viraj mitra eva ca

ulbao vasubhdyno

dyumn akty-dayo 'pare

SYNONYMS

citraketuCitraketu; suroci caand Suroci; virajViraj; mitraMitra; evaalso; caand;

ulbaaUlbaa; vasubhdynaVasubhdyna; dyumnDyumn; akti-dayasons headed by
akti; aparefrom his other wife.

TRANSLATION

The names of these seven sages are as follows: Citraketu, Suroci, Viraj, Mitra, Ulbaa, Vasubhdyna
and Dyumn. Some other very competent sons were born from Vasiha's other wife.

PURPORT
rj, who is sometimes known as Arundhat and was the wife of Vasiha, was the ninth daughter of
Kardama Muni.

SB 4.1.42

TEXT 42

TEXT

icitaSTvQavR<a" Paq le/>ae Pau}a& Da*Tav]TaMa( )

dDYaMaiXarSa& >a*Gaaev|Xa& iNabaeDa Mae )) 42 ))

cittis tv atharvaa patn

lebhe putra dhta-vratam

dadhyacam avairasa

bhgor vaa nibodha me

SYNONYMS

cittiCitti; tualso; atharvaaof Atharv; patnwife; lebhegot; putramson; dhta-vratam

completely dedicated to a vow; dadhyacamDadhyaca; avairasamAvair; bhgo vaam
generations of Bhgu; nibodhatry to understand; mefrom me.

TRANSLATION

Citti, wife of the sage Atharv, gave birth to a son named Avair by accepting a great vow called
Dadhyaca. Now you may hear from me about the descendants of the sage Bhgu.

PURPORT

The wife of Atharv known as Citti is also known as Snti. She was the eighth daughter of Kardama
Muni.

SB 4.1.43

TEXT 43

TEXT

>a*Gau" :YaaTYaa& Maha>aaGa" PaTNYaa& Pau}aaNaJaqJaNaTa( )

DaaTaar& c ivDaaTaar& i[Ya& c >aGavTParaMa( )) 43 ))

bhgu khyty mah-bhga

patny putrn ajjanat

dhtra ca vidhtra

riya ca bhagavat-parm

SYNON