Republic of the Philippines

Samar State University

College of Education
Catbalogan City

REINALYN B. CAJEFE BSEd 4B (MATHEMATICS)

MRS. FRENE CAAS

Special Topic 1 (Activity 6)

1. Define speech and language disorders.

When a person is unable to produce speech sounds correctly or fluently, or has problems
with his or her voice, then he or she has a speech disorder. Difficulties pronouncing sounds,
or articulation disorders, and stuttering are examples of speech disorders. When a person has
trouble understanding others or sharing thoughts, ideas, and feelings completely, then he or
she has a language disorder. A stroke can result in aphasia, or a language disorder.

2. Enumerate the categories of speech disorders and give examples of each.

Most of the major speech defects are found within five main categories:

o Speech sound disorders including articulation problems (difficulty producing

specific sounds) and phonemic (difficulty with sound distinctions of language)
disorders.
o Fluency problems such as stammering and cluttering (rapid, slurred speech).
o Voice disorders, including problems of pitch, voice quality and volume.
o Delayed receptive (understanding) or expressive language, characterized by a
childs slow language development.
o Aphasia, the partial or total loss of the ability to speak or understand language.
o Dysarthria where the function of specific speech muscles are impaired due to a
neurologic condition or brain injury.
o Apraxia which results in inconsistent production of speech sounds and rearranging
sounds within a word.

3. Differentiate expressive from receptive language.

Expressive language is the ability to use vocabulary and to put words together into
sentences. It covers vocabulary, use of grammar and reasons for communication (asking for
things, making comments, getting attention) whereas receptive language (or comprehension)
is about understanding what is said to you. In typical development, understanding always
develops ahead of expressive language. For example, a child who understands 3 key words in
a sentence may only speak in single words.

4. Recall the times when you abused your voice. What are the results? What lessons did
you learn from such experiences?

I remembered when I was a high school student. I had a cough but I still drink cold water
and drinks every day. It resulted to sore throat and it was very painful every time I swallowed
a food. And also, I experienced difficulty to speak and sing. I learned that you should take
 care good of your health, do not do things that will worsen your illness. Dont just do things
or eat something because you like it, you should take into consideration if this food will help
your life be healthy.

5. Interview your grandparents or other old people regarding certain beliefs on how to
cure sore throat, hoarse voice. Compare them to the effects of medicine that are
advertised on TV. Make a stand on the wisdoms of the old cure versus what the present
advertisement claim.

Based on my grandmother, the best cure for sore throat is the mixed Calamansi and the
melted snow bear candy. You will not drink it easily, but you will wait overnight before you
can drink it. This will be even more effective if you will put it outside your house or on the
roof or in Waray word tun-ugan. You will drink it as you wake up in the next morning. The
effect of this mixed one is very more convincing than those of the effect of the medicine
because of the mint taste and fast effect. Many people have proved that the effect of natural
medicines is convincing and really effective than those of the effect of the medicine because
the medicine has a side effect whereas there is no effect of the herbal or natural medicine on
the body.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Samar State University
College of Education
Catbalogan City

REINALYN B. CAJEFE BSEd 4B (MATHEMATICS)

MRS. FRENE CAAS

Special Topic 1 (Activity 7)

1. Do you believe that awareness and knowledge of special education is of paramount

importance to parents, school administrators, teachers, and people in the community?
Defend your answer.

Yes. More than 6 million students with disabilities are enrolled in public schools, and
growing numbers are being included in general education classrooms (Sciarra, 2004). The
role that school counselors play in the education of students with special needs is
increasingly important (Lockhart, 2003). As school counselors work with students with
disabilities within their schools, they also frequently have the opportunity, or the need, to
work with the parents of those students. Parents of students with disabilities share the
concerns of all parents about child-rearing and about education and also have additional
concerns related to their children's disabilities. Professional school counselors can serve an
important role as advocates for students with disabilities and their parents: "Professional
school counselors are often the designated (and sometimes lone) advocates for children with
special needs and their parents in an intricate and often intimidating educational
bureaucracy" (Erford, House, & Martin, 2003, p. 18). Understanding the concerns and
perspectives of these parents is essential to working with them effectively as partners in their
children's education.

2. Elaborate the meaning of Special Kids Need Special Parents.

If you're a parent of a child who is sick or has special needs, your schedule likely
involves doctor's visits, therapy sessions, and waiting for doctors and insurance companies to
return your phone calls. And then there's the exhaustion and endless worry. What you need is
help. But how can you get it? Here are six suggestions for making your life a little less
complicated. Accept help from friends and family. Everyone's busy and that makes it hard
to ask for or accept help. After all, parents are expected to be good at multitasking and
juggling their kids' and their own needs. If you feel exhausted and angry and have accepted
that you need help, asking for it is the next step. Turning to others isn't a sign of a weakness
but rather one of strength. Be honest about what you need. By letting people know how
hard your situation is, you're allowing them entry into your world. Create a list of needs.
People want to help but they don't know how. Make a list of the things that would make your
life easier. Enlist other caregivers. Parents of children with special needs often feel that they
are the only ones who can handle their child's care. This is certainly true to an extent but that
doesn't mean that you can't get away for a few hours every now and then. Many hospitals and
state social service agencies provide classes for siblings, parents, grandparents, teachers, and
babysitters. Consider home health care. Some insurance companies will cover the cost of
an in-home health aide or visiting nurse for a few hours a week if your child's medical
problems are chronic or severe. Seek companionship. Seeking help doesn't always mean
asking someone to do something. Often what a caregiver needs most is to maintain contact
with friends and family.

The burden shouldn't be on you to make it easier for someone to help you. You have enough
on your plate. Besides, most people want to help. If you let your friends or family know what
you need, they will know how to help you and feel less burdened and that's not just good
for you, but for your whole family

3. List down some hints for parents to meet the childs special needs.
o Be patient with yourself, don't rush acceptance--it will come when you are ready
o Talk about how you feel with friends, family, a therapist, or write in a journal
o Learn all you can about your child's disability--the more informed you are, the
less you will feel alone and confused about what the future might hold
o Join a support group--talking to others who have been through and are going
through the same thing you are can be a great help
o Don't forget yourself in dealing with your child, find something you can do just
for you that will help you 'take a break' from dealing with, thinking about, and
talking about your child's disability
o Focus on the fantastic things about your child--find the things they can do and do
them! Remember that this diagnosis does not define your child, it is just one part
of who they are, like the color of their eyes or hair
o Begin therapy immediately for your child! Whichever therapy is available and
needed, whether is occupational therapy, physical therapy, speech therapy, or
behavioral therapy: the sooner you and your child begin, the sooner it can help!

4. Search in the internet an autobiography of a local and foreign person with special
needs who shows special skills and achievements in spite of their disabilities.

A really great recent news story involving

Pope Francis and a Filipino man with Cerebral
palsy once again shows the can-do powers of
people with disability. John Angelo Ortiz
worked for months on a cross-stitch of
Madonna Dolorosa so he could hand it off to
the Pope during his visit to the Philippines,
reports ABS-CBN. Having cerebral palsy can
mess up your fine-motor skills; it's not easy for
Max to grasp a crayon, a spoon, a toy truck or basically anything, although he tries mightily.
Well, this guy came up with quite a unique way around his challenged fingers: He used his
feet. Yes, this man made a rather large cross-stitch.