OSI Layer

Open System Interconnect (OSI) developed by ISO in 1970

Defines a networking framework to implement protocols in seven layers.
Communication over network is understandable through this OSI model.
Hardware and software work together.
Troubleshooting is easier by separate networks

Known as Layer OSI layer Format NW devices

n0. of Data used
Upper Layer Layer- Application Layer Data
or 7
User access Layer- Presentation Layer
Layer 6
Layer- Session Layer
5
Layer- Transport layer Segment
4
Lower Layer Layer- Network layer Packet Router, Switch
or 3
NW access Layer- Data Link Layer Frame Switch, Bridge
Layer 2
Layer- Physical Layer Bts Hub, Repeater
1
 OSI Layer
OSI Layers Associated Protocol
WWW browsers, NFS, SNMP, Telnet, HTTP,
Application
FTP
ASCII, EBCDIC, TIFF, GIF, PICT, JPEG, MPEG,
Presentation
MIDI
NFS, NetBios names, RPC, SQL
Session

SPX, TCP, UDP.

Transport

AppleTalk DDP, IP, IPX.

Network

PPP, FDDI, ATM, IEEE 802.3, HDLC, Frame

Data Link
Relay.
Ethernet, FDDI, B8ZS, V.35, V.24, RJ45.
Physical

Physical Layer responsibilities

Type of connection : physical or wireless

Type of signal : electrical, light or radio signal
Types of communication mode : simplex, half duplex or full duplex
Transmit a bit over the electrical Signals

Data Link Layer Responsibilities

Receive bits from physical layer

controls frame synchronization, flow control and error checking.
Have two sublayer : LLC and MAC
MAC address adding
Framing :
Header Data Trailor
Source Address and Dest. Address Parity bits and checksum
Network Layer responsibilities

Receive frame from data link layer

Provides routing and switching
error handling, congestion control and packet sequencing.
Do logical addressing

Transport Layer responsibilities

Responsible for end-to-end error recovery and flow control.
It ensures complete data transfer.
Two main Protocol : TCP and UDP

Session Layer responsibilities

Establishes, manages and terminates connections between applications.
It deals with session and connection coordination.
Dialogue control and session mgmt

Presentation Layer responsibilities

Encoding-decoding
Encryption-decryption
Compression-decompression
Changing file format: jpeg, gif, midi, mpe4

Application Layer responsibilities

The layer provides an interface for the user interact with the application such as
Email, Remote file access.
Authentication
File access
Management