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Some note that the Star of David is a complicated interlocking figure
which has not six (hexagram) but rather 12 (dodecogram) sides. One
can consider it as composed of two overlapping triangles or as
composed of six smaller triangles emerging from a central
hexagram. Like the Jewish people, the star has 12 sides,
representing the 12 tribes of Israel.
According to this picture, the Star of David is the symbol of tribal unity in Israel,
a single formation protecting the Sanctuary shared by all.
Looking carefully at the Star of David, and taking into account all
the intersecting lines , it can easily be discovered that the two
triangles put on each other create three cutting points. And it can be
determined as a fact, that...this was the area in which the tribes had
to set up their camp.
The twelve sides of the six-pointed star are said to represent
the twelve tribes of Israel, and has been displayed in Kabbalistic
representations for centuries.
Thus, the Star of David hides deep and important logic: it is the
symbol of the togetherness of the tribes of Israel, of the alliance to
fight for the common temple and defend it from all sides. This deep
internal logic, although forgotten over time, may be the best
explanation for the survival of this icon in our history.
The Star of David has twelve junction-points and shows how the
Tribes of Israel were encamped around the Tabernacle when they
came out of Egypt.
Some point out the Star of David has 12 quadrants for the 12
tribes of the nation of Israel (some say for the 12 zodiac signs,
Christianizing them for each tribe).
- Zodiac, JewishEncyclopedia.com
In May 1898 Herzl checked in detail the question of the Star of David
in a correspondence with Dr. Max Bodenheimer, after he received a
letter from him which had a stamp that had a Star of David with 12
stars around it. Herzl wrote about the Star of David thus:"your
12 stars surrounding the Star of David is incorrect since the 12
tribes are already in the body of the Star of David itself ".