S Hidraulico

Cerrar SIS
Pantalla anterior
Producto: TR AC K-TYPE TR AC TO R
Mode lo: D11N TR AC K-TYPE TR AC TO R 4HK
C onfiguracin: D11N Track -Type Tractor Powe r Shift 4HK00001-UP
(MAC HINE) PO W ER ED BY 3508 Engine
Operacin de Sistemas
D11N TRACK-TYPE TRACTOR HYDRAULICS
Nmero de medio -SENR3289-02 Fecha de publicacin -06/10/1995 Fecha de actualizacin -11/10/2001
Systems Operation
SMCS - 1451
Introduction
NOTE: For Specifications with illustrations, make reference to the Specifications For D11N Tractor Hydraulics,
SENR3288. If the Specifications given in SENR3288 are not the same as given in the Systems Operation and
Testing and Adjusting, look at the printing date on the back cover of each book. Use the Specifications given in the
book with the latest date.
Hydraulic System (Fan Drive)

4HK Only
https://sis.cat.com/sisweb/sisweb/techdoc/techdoc_print_page.jsp?returnurl=/sisweb/sisweb/product 1/43
Hydraulic System Schematic (Fan Drive)
(1) Oil cooler. (2) Manifold. (3) Radiator. (4) Fan. (5) Passage (fan drive motor supply to oil cooler). (6) Fan drive motor. (7) Passage
(pump supply to the fan drive motor). (8) Hydraulic tank. (9) Compensator valve. (10) Passage (pump drain to hydraulic tank). (11)
Hydraulic pump (piston). (12) Passage (pump suction from hydraulic tank). (13) Passage (pump supply to solenoid valve). (14)
Passage (control pressure to pump). (15) Passage (solenoid valve drain to pump case). (16) Control orifice. (17) Poppet (variable
orifice). (18) Solenoid (proportional) valve. (19) Passage (oil cooler drain to hydraulic tank). (20) Oil cooler bypass valve.
Introduction
Reference: SENR5590 Electronic Troubleshooting for the 3508 EUI Engine for systems operation, operational
checks, and troubleshooting of the demand control fan system.
The demand control fan system adjusts fan speed to match cooling system demand. When operating on a cool day,
the fan runs slower than it would on a hot day. More engine power is available for work in operating conditions that
do not require maximum cooling capacity.
The Engine Control Module (ECM) controls the demand control fan system and the coolant temperature sensor
provides temperature data to the ECM. The ECM controls the fan speed by altering current to solenoid valve (18).
Decreasing Fan Speed
The ECM increases current to solenoid valve (18). The increased current pulls poppet (17) away from the seat and
increases oil flow across control orifice (16).
Higher flow across control orifice (16) decreases the signal pressure in passage (14). Lower signal pressure causes
pump (11) to decrease flow, therefore decreasing fan motor speed.
Increasing Fan Speed
The ECM decreases current to solenoid valve (18). The decreased current moves poppet (17) toward the seat and
decreases oil flow across control orifice (16).
Lower flow across control orifice (16) increases the signal pressure in passage (14). Higher signal pressure causes
pump (11) to increase flow, therefore increasing fan motor speed.
System Operation
The axial (variable displacement) piston type pump (11) is located on the right rear side of the engine and is driven
by the pump drive.
Pump (11) pulls hydraulic oil from hydraulic tank (8) through passage (12). Pump (11) supplies oil to solenoid
valve (17), control orifice (16) through passage (pump supply) (13), and fan drive motor (6) through passage (7).
Control pressure flows through passage (14) to compensator valve (9) and drain oil to pump (11) case flows
through passage (15).
Fan (4) is installed in front of radiator (3) where it pulls air through radiator (3) and discharges air out the front of
the machine.
Fan drive motor (6) sends return oil through passage (5) to oil cooler (1). The oil is cooled and returned through
passage (19) to hydraulic tank (8).
Oil cooler (1) is located at the front of the engine and is used to cool the oil for the fan drive circuit and the
implement system.
When the engine is started, the oil is cold. Oil that returns through line (5) from fan drive motor (6) flows through
manifold (2). As pressure increases, oil cooler bypass valve (20) opens and returns cool oil back to hydraulic tank
(8).
When the oil gets warm and the pressure subsides, oil cooler bypass valve (20) closes. Oil enters oil cooler (1) and
returns cooled oil to hydraulic tank (8).
Fan drive motor (6) drives fan (4) for the cooling system. Fan drive motor (6) is driven by flow of hydraulic oil from
pump (11) from pump supply passage (7) then output through passage (5) to oil cooler (1).
Hydraulic Motor (Fan Drive)
Fan Drive Motor Components
(1) Drive shaft and gear. (2) Washer and seal. (3) Seal. (4) Passage (outlet). (5) Passage (drain from motor to hydraulic tank). (6)
Plug. (7) Idler gear. (8) Passage (inlet). (9) Pressure plate. (10) Retainer.
The fan drive motor is a gear type motor that has a fixed displacement of oil per revolution. The fan drive motor is
mounted on a frame in front of the radiator.
The fan drive motor has one inlet passage (8) and one outlet passage (4). The hydraulic pump supplies oil to inlet
passage (8) of the motor which turns idler gear (6) and drive shaft gear (1). When drive shaft and gear (1) turns, it
turns the fan blade at the same speed.
Any internal leakage drains back to the hydraulic tank through drain passage (5).
The fan drive motor turns the fan at a speed to match the cooling system requirements. When the fan drive motor
turns the fan at a speed to match the cooling system requirements the power demand on the engine is decreased.
Hydraulic Pump and Compensator (Fan Drive)
Hydraulic (fan) pump components
(1) Housing. (2) Outlet passage (to fan motor). (3) Head. (4) Drive shaft.
Hydraulic (fan) pump components

(5) Actuator piston. (6) Spring. (7) Port plate. (8) Inlet passage (from hydraulic tank). (9) Compensator valve. (10) Passage (load
sensing signal). (11) Dowel. (12) Actuator piston. (13) Shoe plate. (14) Swashplate. (15) Piston shoe. (16) Piston. (17) Cylinder
barrel.
The hydraulic (fan) pump is an axial piston type pump used for the hydraulic fan drive. The movement of pistons
(16) in the pump pulls oil from the hydraulic tank and the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump drives the hydraulic
fan drive motor.
The pump is located below the operator's compartment and is mounted to the auxiliary drive on the right rear of the
engine.
When drive shaft (4) is rotated, cylinder barrel (17), pistons (16), piston shoes (15), and shoe plates (13) turn
when engine is running. There are nine piston assemblies in barrel assemblies. The remainder of the components of
the pump are fastened to or held by pump housing (1).
Oil from the hydraulic tank flows into pump head (3) at inlet passage (8). From inlet passage (8) oil flows through
inlet passages in port plate (7). As drive shaft (4) turns, cylinder barrel (17) openings move by the inlet passages of
port plate (7).
Each piston (16) inside cylinder barrels (17) is held against swashplate (14) by shoe plate (13). Swashplate (14)
can be at any angle between maximum and minimum.
As pistons (16) follow the angle of swashplate (14), they move in and out of cylinder barrels (17). When piston
(16) moves out of cylinder barrel (17), it pulls oil in behind it.
The angle of swashplate (14) determines how much oil is drawn into each cylinder barrel (17). As the barrel
assembly continues to rotate the swashplate angle pushes the pistons back into the cylinder barrel. The pistons push
oil out of the cylinder barrel, through outlet passages in port plate (15).
The angle of the swashplate therefore determines how much oil is pushed or pumped out of each cylinder barrel
(17) per drive shaft (4) rotation.
There are infinite swashplate angle positions between neutral (zero degrees or straight up and down) and the
maximum angle. The greater the swashplate angle, the greater the amount of oil discharged through port plate (7) to
outlet passage (2).
With swashplate (14) angle at minimum, pistons (16) do not move in and out of the rotating cylinder barrel.
Therefore, no oil is drawn into the pump and no oil is pushed or pumped out of the pump. The pump has zero
displacement and zero flow.
When swashplate angle (14) is at maximum the pump is at maximum displacement or full flow.
Swashplate angle is controlled by actuator pistons (5) and (12). Actuator piston (12) is activated by oil pressure
from the compensator valve.
Compensator Valve
Compensator Valve Components
(18) Spring. (19) Cavity (flow compensator). (20) Port (load sensing signal). (21) Seat. (22) Flow compensator spool. (23) Plug. (24)
Pressure compensator spool. (25) Port passage (to pump outlet). (26) Port passage. (27) Case drain port passage. (28) Seat. (29)
Cavity (pressure compensator). (30) Spring.
NOTE: The compensator valve has an internal limiting feature that does not allow maximum pressure to be greater
than 12 800 350 kPa (1856 51 psi).
Compensator valve (9) keeps pump pressure and flow at a level needed to fulfill the fan circuit load and flow
needs. Compensator valve (9) keeps pump pressure and flow at a certain level by either sending pump oil to or
draining pump oil from actuator piston (12).
Actuator piston (12) works with spring (6) to continually adjust the swashplate angle. Pump outlet pressure is kept
at approximately 2100 kPa (300 psi) above fan pressure needs.
Compensator valve (3) also has a pressure limiting ability that prevents pump and system overloads. When work
port pressure goes over 8785 kPa (1275 psi), pressure compensator spool (24) overrides flow compensator spool
(22) and lower pump output.
Upstroking
Upstroking is when the pump is increasing displacement (output). Upstroking occurs when the coolant temperature
sensor signals a higher temperature to the engine control module (ECM). The ECM then steps the compensator
valve solenoid to increase signal pressure.
Signal pressure enters through port (20) and fills cavity (19). The signal pressure, plus the force of spring (18),
moves flow compensator spool (22) to the right. The oil behind actuator piston (12) flows to the case drain. The
force of spring (6) and the force of pressure inside actuator piston (5) is now greater than the force behind piston
(12). Swashplate (14) angle increases which increases pump output.
The pump output pressure increases until the pressure in port passage (25) balances flow compensator spool (22).
Pump outlet pressure is 2100 kPa (300 psi) greater than signal pressure. The difference is called margin pressure.
Destroking
Destroking is when the pump is decreasing displacement (output). Destroking occurs when the coolant temperature
sensor signals a lower temperature to the ECM. The ECM then steps the compensator valve solenoid to decrease
signal pressure.
The lower signal pressure enters port (20) and fills cavity (19). Now the signal pressure, plus the force of spring
(18), is less than the pump pressure in port passage (25).
Flow compensator spool (22) is moved left. Oil behind actuator piston (12) cannot flow to case drain. Pump oil in
port passage (25) now flows to port passage (26), and into actuator piston (12).
Pump pressure behind actuator piston (12) is now greater than the force of spring (6) and the force of pressure
inside actuator piston (5). Swashplate (14) angle decreases causing the pump output to decrease.
Port passage (25) pressure becomes less than the combined force in cavity (19). Flow compensator spool (22)
moves right into the metering position.
As long as the signal pressure stays the same, flow compensator spool (22) remains in the metering position. The
hydraulic fan circuit is now stabilized (equalized).
Solenoid Valve Group (Fan Drive)
Solenoid Valve Group Components
(1) Proportional (pull type) solenoid valve. (2) Poppet (variable orifice). (3) Control orifice. (4) Passage (signal pressure). (5)
Passage (hydraulic pump pressure). (6) Passage (drain to hydraulic pump case). (7) Manifold.
The solenoid valve group is comprised of proportional (pull type) solenoid valve (1) and manifold (7).
Poppet (variable orifice) (2) controls the flow through proportional (pull type) solenoid (1) to passage (6) to drain
oil to the hydraulic pump case.
Hydraulic pump pressure flows through passage (5) to control orifice (3) and then through passage (4) as signal
pressure to the hydraulic pump compensator valve.
Hydraulic System
Location of Components
(1) Pin puller cylinder. (2) Tip cylinders for ripper. (3) Quick drop valves. (4) Lift cylinders for bulldozer. (5) Dual tilt control valve.
(6) Tilt cylinder for bulldozer. (7) Oil cooler. (7A) Oil cooler (4HK). (8) Bypass valve. (8A) Bypass valve (4HK). (9) Fan hydraulic
pump. (10) Implement hydraulic pump. (11) Hydraulic tank and filter. (12) Pilot valves. (13) Bulldozer control valve. (14) Pin puller
control group (earlier models). (14A) Pin puller control group (later models and 4HK). (15) Ripper control valve. (15A) Ripper
control valve (4HK). (16) Lift cylinders for ripper.
The hydraulic system controls the operation of the bulldozer and ripper.
The hydraulic system can be different from one machine to the next according to the optional equipment that is on
the machine.
Control Levers (74Z1-UP Typical Example)

(17) Bulldozer control lever. (18) Ripper control lever. (19) Pin puller switch.
Control Lever (4HK1-UP)
(17) Bulldozer control lever.
The hydraulic system is a continuous (loop) flow design that permits minimum pressure in the system when the
control valves are not activated.
The pump for the bulldozer and ripper operation is a two section pump (large and small pump sections).
The oil from the small pump section flows to the tilt circuit in the bulldozer control valve.
The oil from the large pump section has two outlets.
One outlet goes to the ripper control valve for lift and tip circuits.
Oil flow to the ripper control does not flow through when the valve spools are in their HOLD positions.
The other outlet from the large pump section sends oil to the bulldozer control valve for the lift circuit.
Oil from the small pump section adds to the large pump section oil flow when the tilt circuit is not in use.
When the tilt, lift and ripper circuits are not in use, oil from both pump sections flows through the bulldozer control
valve to the hydraulic tank.
The pressure of oil from both pump sections is less than 700 kPa (100 psi).
Implement Hydraulic Pump (10)
Bulldozer Control Valve (13) (earlier models)
Pilot valves (12) are part of the pilot oil system that controls the tilt and ripper valve spools. Oil for the pilot system
comes from the hydraulic pump for the fan.
Pilot Valves (12)
Bulldozer control lever (17) controls the lift and tilt operations of the bulldozer. Two linkages are connected to lever
(17).
One lever is connected directly to the bulldozer lift spool. The other linkage is connected to the pilot valve for
bulldozer tilt control.
Ripper control lever (18) controls the lift and tip operations of the ripper. Two linkages are also connected to
ripper control lever (18).
One lever is connected to the pilot valve for ripper lift control. The other lever is connected to the pilot valve for
ripper tip control.
Pin puller control switch (19) controls the operation of the pin puller cylinder on machines with a single shank
ripper.
Switch (19) is connected by wiring harness to a solenoid valve located on the ripper cylinder mounting bracket.
Implement Hydraulic Pump

The implement hydraulic pump is a two section gear type pump that has a fixed displacement of oil per revolution
from each section.
The pump is mounted on the right rear side of the flywheel housing and is driven by the rear gear group.
Pump Rotation and Oil Flow
Hydraulic Tank and Filter

74Z1-UP
(1) Hydraulic tank. (2) Bypass valve spool. (3) Springs. (4) Filter element. (5) Screen. (6) Inlet (return oil). (7) Tube. (8) Baffle.
Screen (5) and filter element (4) are the last components the main flow of oil flows through on its way back into
hydraulic tank (1).
During normal operation, the oil comes from the bulldozer and ripper control valves and flows through inlet (6),
screen (5) and filter element (4).
Screen (5) and filter element (4) stop any debris that is in the oil. The oil then flows through tube (7), baffle (8) and
into hydraulic tank (1).
If filter element (4) becomes full of debris, the restriction to the flow of oil causes a pressure increase outside the
filter element.
The pressure of the oil causes filter bypass valve spool (2) to move against springs (3) and the oil flows directly
through tube (7) and baffle (8) to hydraulic tank (1).
When the oil does not flow through filter element (4), the debris in the oil causes damage to the components in the
hydraulic system.
Correct maintenance must be used to make sure that filter element (4) and screen (5) do not become full of debris
(clogged) and stop the flow of clean oil to the hydraulic system.
4HK1-UP

(1) Hydraulic tank. (2) Filter element. (3) Screen. (4) Inlet (return oil).
Components of Hydraulic Tank and Filter
(5) Baffle. (6) Tube.
Components of Hydraulic Tank and Filter

(7) Bypass valve plate. (8) Springs.
Screen (3) and filter element (2) are the last components the main flow of oil flows through on its way back into
hydraulic tank (1).
During normal operation, the oil comes from the bulldozer and ripper control valves and flows through inlet (4),
screen (3) and filter element (2).
Screen (3) and filter element (2) stop any debris that is in the oil. The oil then flows through tube (6), baffle (5) and
into hydraulic tank (1).
If filter element (2) becomes full of debris, the restriction to the flow of oil causes a pressure increase outside the
filter element.
The pressure of the oil causes filter bypass valve plate (7) to move against springs (8) and the oil flows directly
through tube (6) and baffle (5) to hydraulic tank (1).
When the oil does not flow through filter element (2), the debris in the oil causes damage to the components in the
hydraulic system.
Correct maintenance must be used to make sure that filter element (2) and screen (3) do not become full of debris
(clogged) and stop the flow of clean oil to the hydraulic system.
Bulldozer Control Valve
Schematic of Bulldozer Control Valve in TILT RIGHT Position
(1) Tilt relief valve (pilot). (2) Dump valve (part of tilt relief valve). (3) Load check valve (tilt circuit). (4) Tilt valve spool. (5) Pilot
valve for blade lift and ripper circuits relief. (6) Dump valve. (7) Load check valve for blade lift circuit. (8) Makeup valve for head
end of lift cylinders. (9) Makeup valve for rod end of lift cylinders. (10) Detents for lift valve spool. (11) Lift valve spool. (12)
Shuttle valve. (13) Shuttle stem. (A) Passage to rod end of tilt cylinder. (B) Passage to head end of tilt cylinder.
The bulldozer control valve has two spools; one for blade lift and lower and one for blade tilt.
Lift valve spool (11) is manually operated and has four positions; RAISE, HOLD, LOWER and FLOAT.
Only the FLOAT position has detents and the lift valve spool must be manually moved from the FLOAT position.
Tilt valve spool (4) is operated by pressure oil from the pilot valve and has three positions; TILT RIGHT, HOLD
and TILT LEFT. None of these positions have a detent.
The tilt circuit gets oil from the small section of the pump and when the circuit is not in use the oil adds to the large
pump section oil flow to the lift circuit.
If neither circuit is in use, dump valve (6) sends the oil flow to the hydraulic tank. Both the tilt and lift circuits have
load check valves and relief valves.
The lift circuit has makeup valves for both the rod ends and head ends of the lift cylinders.
Bulldozer Tilt Circuit
Tilt valve spool (4) has three positions; TILT RIGHT, HOLD and TILT LEFT.
Tilt valve spool (4) is hydraulically operated by pilot oil pressure from a pilot valve that is controlled by the blade
control lever.
Movement of the blade control lever to the right sends pilot pressure oil to the left end of tilt valve spool (4).
Pilot pressure oil moves tilt valve spool (4) to the right and sends oil from the small pump section to the rod end of
the tilt cylinder and the blade tilts right.
Lever movement to the left sends pilot pressure oil to the right end of valve spool (4). Pilot pressure oil moves
spool (4) to the left and sends pump oil to the head end of the tilt cylinder and the blade tilts left.
When the blade control lever is released from either TILT RIGHT or TILT LEFT positions, springs move tilt valve
spool (4) back to the HOLD position.
HOLD Position
Oil from the small section of the pump is sent to the bulldozer control valve and flows to tilt valve spool (4).
In the HOLD position, the oil flows around tilt valve spool (4) and adds to the oil from the large section of the
pump. The oil then flows to dump valve (6) and back to the hydraulic tank.
Tilt Right Position
When the bulldozer control lever is moved to the TILT RIGHT position, pilot oil flows to the left end of tilt valve
spool (4).
The pressure of the pilot oil moves tilt valve spool (4) to the TILT RIGHT position.
In the TILT RIGHT position, the oil from the small pump section can not flow through the control valve and the
pressure of the oil increases.
The increased pressure of the pump oil opens load check valve (3). The pump oil flows through the open load
check valve, around the tilt valve spool and into passage (A).
The pump oil also flows into relief valve (2) and (1), for the tilt circuit. The pump oil in passage (A) flows to the rod
end of the tilt cylinder and moves the piston and rod into the tilt cylinder.
The cylinder rod is connected to the right side of the bulldozer near the top of the blade. When the rod is retracted,
the rod moves the right end of the blade down to the TILT RIGHT position.
When the bulldozer control lever is released, the pilot oil at the left side of tilt valve spool (4) can flow to the
hydraulic tank.
The spring at the right end of tilt spool (4) moves the spool to the HOLD position.
The oil in passages (A) and (B) and to the tilt cylinder is stopped. The tilt angle of the blade can not be changed
until the bulldozer control valve is moved.
Tilt Left Position
When the pilot oil is at the right end of tilt spool (4), the oil moves the tilt spool to the TILT LEFT position (no
illustration). The oil from the small pump section can not flow through the control valve.
The pressure of the oil from the small pump increases and opens load check valve (3) and flows through the load
check valve into passage (B).
The pump oil also flows into relief valve (2) and (1) for the tilt circuit.
The oil from passage (B) in the head end of the tilt cylinder moves the piston and rod out of the cylinder. As the
cylinder rod extends, the rod moves the right end of the bulldozer up to the TILT LEFT position.
Release the bulldozer control lever and the spring at the left side of tilt spool (4) moves the tilt spool to the HOLD
position.
The oil in the tilt cylinder circuit is stopped. The tilt angle of the bulldozer blade can not be changed until the
bulldozer control lever is moved.
Relief Valve for the Bulldozer Tilt Circuit
Tilt Relief Valve (earlier models)

(1) Pilot valve. (2) Dump valve. (3) Load check valve. (14) Chamber. (15) Orifice. (16) Chamber. (17) Spring. (18) Passage. (19)
Chamber. (20) Spring.
The pressure relief valve prevents high pressures that damage the components in the tilt circuit. The pressure relief
valve is part of the bulldozer control valve.
Oil from the small section of the pump flows into chamber (16). From chamber (16) the oil flows through orifice
(15) that is part of dump valve (2) and into chamber (14).
Dump valve (2) is normally held closed by the force of spring (20).
When oil pressure increases to the maximum setting of the relief valve [approximately 20 000 kPa (2900 psi)
74Z1-74Z439, 23 450 kPa (3400 psi) 74Z440-UP], pilot valve (1) opens and the oil in chamber (14) flows to the
hydraulic tank through passages (18) and chamber (19).
When the pilot valve opens, the pressure in chamber (14) decreases.
The pressure in chamber (16) is more than the pressure in chamber (14) and the force of spring (20). Dump valve
(2) moves against the force of spring (20) and opens a passage for oil flow from chamber (16) to chamber (19).
The oil from the small section of the pump returns directly to the hydraulic tank. As the pressure in the circuit
returns to normal, pilot valve (1) is closed by the force of spring (17) and dump valve (2) is closed by the force of
spring (20).
Schematic of Bulldozer Control Valve in RAISE Position

(5) Pilot valve. (6) Dump valve. (7) Load check valve. (8) Makeup valve. (9) Makeup valve. (10) Detents. (11) Lift valve spool. (12)
Shuttle valve. (13) Shuttle stem. (21) Chamber. (22) Inlet for oil from large pump section. (23) Spring. (24) Spring. (25) Outlet to
hydraulic tank. (26) Passage. (27) Inlet for pilot oil to shuttle stem. (C) Passage to rod end of lift cylinders. (D) Passage to head end
of lift cylinders.
Bulldozer Lift Circuit
Lift valve spool (11) has four positions; RAISE, HOLD, LOWER and FLOAT.
Lift valve spool (11) is manually operated by the blade control lever. Movement of the lever to the rear sends
pressure oil to the rod end of the lift cylinders and the blade raises.
Forward movement of the lever sends pressure oil to the head end of the lift cylinders, lowering the blade.
When the lever is pushed forward, past the LOWER position, the lever goes into the FLOAT position. The
FLOAT position is the only position with a detent.
In the FLOAT position, the blade is free to move up or down according to the outside forces.
Hydraulic oil, from the large section of the pump, flows to lift valve spool (11) through inlet (22). From there oil
flows into chamber (21) where the oil mixes with the oil from the tilt circuit.
Hold Position
When the valve spools in both the bulldozer control valve and the ripper control valve are in HOLD position; the
pressure of the pump oil (both large pump section and small pump section) through the bulldozer control valve is
kept at approximately 700 kPa (100 psi).
The pump oil from inlet (22) to chamber (21) is in dump valve (6).
The force of spring (24) keeps valve (6) closed. With lift valve spool (11) in HOLD position, the pump oil in
chamber (21) can not open load check valve (7) and the pressure of the pump oil increases.
When the pressure of the pump oil in passage (26) gets to 700 kPa (100 psi), the pump oil has more force than
spring (24) and the pump oil moves valve (6).
When the pump oil moves valve (6), the pump oil flows through holes in the valve into outlet (25) and returns to the
hydraulic tank.
The flow control action of valve (6), when lift valve spool (11) is in HOLD position; keeps the pressure of the
pump oil in chamber (21) at approximately 700 kPa (100 psi) when the engine is running.
The pump oil can move valve (6) because any oil in the chamber for spring (24) can flow through a line into shuttle
stem (13).
The oil flows from the shuttle stem through passage (26), shuttle valve (12), and grooves in lift spool (11). The oil
then flows into outlet (25) to the hydraulic tank.
Raise Position
When lift valve spool (11) is moved to the RAISE position, the pressure of the pump oil in chamber (21) increases
and opens load check valve (7).
When the load check valve opens, the spring in dump valve (6) has more force than the pump oil in chamber (21).
The spring moves dump valve (6) which closes the holes in the dump valve and the pump oil can not flow through
the dump valve to the hydraulic tank.
The pump oil through load check valve (7) flows around lift valve spool (11) and into passage (C) and to the rod
end of the lift cylinders.
The pump oil in passage (C) also flows through shuttle valve (12) and shuttle stem (13), through a line into the
spring chamber of dump valve (6).
With the pressure of the pump oil in both chambers of dump valve (6) and against pilot valve (5); these two valves
are now the relief valve for the bulldozer lift circuit.
The rod end of the lift cylinders are connected to the bulldozer. The pump oil from passage (C) in the rod end of
the lift cylinders moves the pistons and rods farther into the cylinders and the rods lift the bulldozer.
The oil pushed from the head end of the lift cylinders flows into passage (D), in the bulldozer control valve, and into
outlet (25) to the hydraulic tank.
Lower Position
When lift valve spool (11) is moved to the LOWER position (no illustration); the pump oil in chamber (21) opens
load check valve (7) and flows into passage (D) to the head end of the lift cylinders.
The pump oil in passage (D) also flows to shuttle valve (12) and moves the ball so the pump oil can flow to shuttle
stem (13).
The pump oil from the shuttle valve flows into the spring chamber of dump valve (6). Valves (5) and (6) are now
the relief valve for the circuit.
The pump oil in the head end of the lift cylinders moves the pistons and rods (connected to the bulldozer) farther
out of the cylinders and the bulldozer is moved down.
The oil pushed from the rod end of the lift cylinders flows through passage (C), in the bulldozer control valve, and
into outlet (25) to the hydraulic tank.
Float Position
When lift valve (11) is held in FLOAT position by the detents on the end of the spool (no illustration), load check
valve (7) is open.
The pump oil in chamber (21) flows through the open load check valve into passage (D). The pump oil then flows
to the head end of the lift cylinders and from passage (D) into outlet (25) to the hydraulic tank.
The weight of the bulldozer is the force (gravity) that moves the bulldozer down.
The oil from the rod end of the lift cylinders flows through passage (C) into outlet (25) and to the hydraulic tank.
When an outside force moves the bulldozer up; the pressure of the oil in the rod end of the lift cylinders decreases
as the rods move into the lift cylinders.
The pressure of the oil in the rod end circuit and in passage (C) is less than the pressure of the oil in outlet (25). The
higher pressure of the oil in outlet (25) opens makeup valve (9) to fill the rod end circuit when it needs oil.
The bulldozer control lever must be moved from the FLOAT position to move lift valve spool (11) from the
FLOAT position.
NOTE: If for some reason a ripper control lever is moved, when the bulldozer control lever is in FLOAT position;
the flow control operation at dump valve (6) changes to a relief valve.
When dump valve (6) is a relief valve; the pump oil in the head end circuit of the bulldozer lift cylinders can lower
the bulldozer.
Relief Valve (Main) for Bulldozer Lift and Ripper Circuits (Dump Valve Operation)
Dump valve (6) works in four different ways:
1. To release (dump) the pump flow when control valves are in HOLD position.
2. As a pressure compensation valve for the pump.
3. To give flow control.
4. As a relief valve for main system operation.
When the blade lift or ripper control spools are in HOLD position; the pressure behind dump valve (6) is the same
as hydraulic tank pressure plus approximately 700 kPa (100 psi) caused by spring (24).
During blade raise or lower; the pressure in the chamber behind the dump valve is the same as the pressure in the
rod or head end of the cylinders (the end that is getting pump flow at the time).
The pressure is felt through shuttle valve (12) and shuttle stem (13). With cylinder pressure plus the spring force
behind the dump valve; the pump pressure is raised to a level about 700 kPa (100 psi) above the cylinder pressure
(pressure compensation).
Flow control and fine modulation is possible because of the constant 700 kPa (100 psi) pressure behind the dump
valve.
When the ripper control valve is activated; (raise or tip) pilot pressure oil is sent to inlet (27) where the oil moves
shuttle stem (13).
When the shuttle stem is moved, pump oil in chamber (21) then flows through passage (28); through the shuttle
stem and into the spring chamber in dump valve (6).
Valves (5) and (6) are now the relief valve for the ripper circuit in operation.
The oil from the large pump section flows to both chamber (21) in the bulldozer control valve; and to the ripper
control valve into the ripper cylinders. The pressure of the oil is always the same in both places.
When lift valve spool (11) is in either RAISE or LOWER position; the pump oil flows through passages to shuttle
valve (12).
The pump oil through the shuttle valve flows through shuttle stem (13) and into the spring chamber of dump valve
(6).
When the pump oil in the chambers at both ends of dump valve (6) is the same; the pressure of the pump oil is less
than the pressure setting of the relief valve. Valve (6) can not be adjusted.
If the pressure of the pump oil gets to approximately 19 300 kPa (2800 psi) 74Z1-439, 22 750 kPa (3300 psi)
74Z440-UP, the setting of the relief valve; the force of the pump oil is more than the force of the spring that keeps
pilot valve (5) closed.
The high pressure of the pump oil in the spring chamber opens pilot valve (5) and flows into outlet (25) to the
hydraulic tank.
The pressure of the oil in the spring chamber of dump valve (6) is less than the pressure of the pump oil; the other
chamber of the valve and the oil moves the valve and opens it.
The pump oil in chamber (21) flows through the open dump valve into outlet (25) to the hydraulic tank; the
pressure of the pump oil can not increase to more than 19 300 kPa (2800 psi) 74Z1-439, 22 750 kPa (3300 psi)
74Z440-UP.
Schematic of Bulldozer Control Valve (earlier models) (Relief Valve for Ripper Circuit)
(5) Pilot valve. (6) Dump valve. (11) Lift valve spool. (12) Shuttle valve. (13) Shuttle stem. (21) Chamber. (24) Spring. (25) Outlet to
hydraulic tank. (26) Passage. (27) Inlet for pilot oil to shuttle stem. (28) Passage.
Makeup Valves
Makeup valves (8) and (9) operate whenever pump pressure becomes less than hydraulic tank pressure.
Pump oil from inlet (22) opens load check valve (7) and flow to lift valve spool (11). When the lift valve spool is
out of HOLD position, pump oil flows out to the bulldozer lift cylinders through passage (C) or (D).
If pump pressure to the lift cylinders becomes less than hydraulic tank pressure in outlet (25); the makeup valve
opens and lets hydraulic tank oil add with the pump oil.
The pressure prevents cavitation in the bulldozer circuit. Makeup valve (9) is used when pump oil is in passage (C).
Makeup valve (8) is used when pump oil is in passage (D).
Load Check Valves
The load check valves in the bulldozer control valve prevent reverse oil flow in the cylinders, which can cause
cylinder drift. Load check valve (3) is for the bulldozer tilt cylinder. Load check valve (7) is for the bulldozer lift
cylinder.
When lift valve spool (11) is in LIFT position, pump oil opens load check valve (7); and flows through passage (C)
to the rod end of the bulldozer lift cylinders.
If the pump pressure decreases, the pressure of the oil in passage (C) along with the spring for the load check valve
closes load check valve (7).
Load check valve (7) holds the oil in the rod end of the cylinders; and prevents any movement of the bulldozer lift
cylinders.
The operation of both load check valves is the same as the example given above.
Quick-Drop Valves
A quick-drop valve is installed on the head end of each of the cylinders for bulldozer lift.
The quick-drop valves let the bulldozer drop very fast. The quick-drop valves also permit the application of
downward pressure when the bulldozer is on the ground.
When the bulldozer control valve is moved to the RAISE position; pump oil flows in the quick-drop valve at inlet
(1) through orifice (3) and sleeve (6) and out through outlet (7) to the rod end of the lift cylinder.
A small amount of oil flows through orifice (2) and fills the chamber behind plunger (4).
The pressure oil adds to the force of spring (8) which pushes valve (5) and plunger (4) against sleeve (6). When
valve (5) is pushed against sleeve (6), head end outlet (11) is closed from the flow of oil to the rod end of the
cylinder.
Oil from the head end of the cylinder comes into the valve at outlet (11) and returns to the control valve through
inlet (9).
Quick-Drop Valve Operation (Bulldozer Raise)

(1) Inlet from control valve. (2) Orifice. (3) Orifice. (4) Plunger. (5) Valve. (6) Sleeve. (7) Outlet to rod end of cylinder. (8) Spring. (9)
Inlet from control valve. (10) Passages (two). (11) Outlet to head end at cylinder. (12) Valve body. (13) Passages (two).
Quick-Drop Valve Operation (Bulldozer Lower, Quick-Drop)

(1) Inlet from control valve. (3) Orifice. (4) Plunger. (5) Valve. (6) Sleeve. (7) Outlet to rod end of cylinder. (8) Spring. (11) Outlet to
head end of cylinder. (12) Valve body.
When the bulldozer is lowered without resistance; the weight of the bulldozer moves oil to the rod end of the
cylinder. The oil flows through the quick-drop valve and back to the bulldozer control valve.
As the oil flows through orifice (3); a pressure increase is caused in the rod end of the cylinder. The pressure
pushes against the face of valve (5) which causes valve (5) and plunger (4) to move against the force of spring (8).
Return oil from the rod end of the cylinder is then added to the flow of oil from the control valve to the head end of
the cylinder. The result lets the bulldozer drop very fast.
A small movement of the bulldozer control lever to the LOWER position allows the bulldozer lower slowly without
quick-drop valve action.
The flow of the oil from the rod end of the cylinder is not enough to cause a pressure increase large enough to move
valve (5) and plunger (4).
All of the oil from the rod end flows back to the control valve. Only pump oil flows to the head end.
Quick-Drop Valve Operation (Bulldozer Lower, Slow Speeds)

(1) Inlet from control valve. (3) Orifice. (4) Plunger. (5) Valve. (8) Spring. (9) Inlet from control valve. (11) Outlet to head end of the
cylinder.
Quick-Drop Valve Operation (Bulldozer Lower, Down Pressure)

(1) Inlet from control valve. (2) Orifice. (3) Orifice. (4) Plunger. (5) Valve. (6) Sleeve. (7) Outlet to rod end of cylinder. (8) Spring. (10)
Passages (two). (11) Outlet to head end of cylinder. (13) Passages (two).
When the bulldozer is lowered to the ground and resistance to additional movement is more than the weight of the
bulldozer; oil from the rod end of the cylinder decreases.
As the oil through orifice (3) becomes less, the pressure on the face of valve (5) decreases and the force of spring
(8) moves valve (5) and plunger (4) back against sleeve (6).
All return oil flows to the control valve. All pump oil flows to the head end of the cylinder.
Passages (13) let part of the pump oil fill the space between plunger (4) and valve (5). Hydraulic force is then
available to hold valve (5) against sleeve (6).
Passages (10) in plunger (4) prevent a hydraulic lock as the plunger moves past orifice (2).
Ripper Lift and Tip Control Valve
Schematic of Ripper Lift and Tip Control Valve (earlier models) (Lift Valve Spool in RAISE Position)
(1) Outlet to hydraulic tank. (2) Makeup valve for head end of lift cylinder. (3) Passage. (4) Passage for pilot oil. (5) Spring. (6)
Makeup valve for ripper circuit. (7) Load check valve for ripper circuit. (8) Lift valve spool. (9) Passage for pilot oil. (10) Inlet from
large section of pump. (11) Tip valve spool. (A) Passage to rod end of lift cylinders. B. Passage to head end of lift cylinders.
Schematic of Ripper Lift and Tip Control Valve (later models) (Lift Valve Spool in RAISE Position)
(1) Outlet to hydraulic tank. (2) Makeup valve for head end of lift cylinder. (3) Passage. (4) Passage for pilot oil. (5) Spring. (7) Load
check valve for ripper circuit. (8) Lift valve spool. (9) Passage for pilot oil. (10) Inlet from large section of pump. (11) Tip valve
spool. (15) Makeup valve for head end of tip cylinder. (A) Passage to rod end of lift cylinders. B. Passage to head end of lift
cylinders.
The ripper lift and tip control valve has two valve spools (lift and tip), two makeup valves and a load check valve.
Lift valve spool (8) is operated with pilot oil pressure and has three positions; RAISE, HOLD and LOWER.
Tip valve spool (11) is operated by pilot oil pressure and has three positions; SHANK-IN, HOLD and SHANK-
OUT.
Lift valve spool (8) and tip valve spool (11) do not have detents.
Movement of the ripper control lever to the left causes the ripper to lift and movement to right causes the ripper to
lower.
When the ripper control lever is moved forward, the ripper tip moves toward the machine (SHANK-IN). Pull the
lever back and the ripper tip moves away from the machine (SHANK-OUT).
Ripper Lift Circuit
HOLD Position
Hydraulic oil from the large section of the pump is sent through inlet (10).
In the HOLD position, the oil at lift valve spool (8) is stopped (blocked) and oil flows back to the hydraulic tank
through the bulldozer control valve.
RAISE Position
When the ripper control lever is moved to the RAISE position, pilot oil flows into passage (4).
The pressure of the pilot oil moves lift valve spool (8) away from the HOLD position.
The oil from inlet (10) opens load check valve (7) and flows around the lift valve spool into passage (A). The oil in
passage (A) flows to the rod end of the ripper lift cylinder, causes the cylinder rods to retract and the ripper raises.
The oil pushed from the head end of the ripper lift cylinders, flows into passage (B), around lift valve spool (8); and
through passage (3) back to the hydraulic tank.
When the ripper control lever is released, the pilot oil in passage (4) can flow to the hydraulic tank.
Spring (5) moves the lift valve back to the HOLD position. The oil in passages (A) and (B) is blocked and holds
the ripper in position until the ripper control lever is moved again
LOWER Position
When the pilot oil is in passage (9), the pilot oil moves lift valve spool (8) to the LOWER position.
The pump oil from inlet (10) opens load check valve (7); flows around lift valve spool (8) and into passage (B) to
the head end of the ripper lift cylinders. The pressure oil causes the cylinder rods to extend and the ripper lowers.
The oil pushed from the rod end of the ripper lift cylinders, flows into passage (A), around lift valve spool (8); and
through passage (3) back to the hydraulic tank.
When the ripper control lever is released, spring (5) moves the lift valve spool to the HOLD position. The oil in
passages (A) and (B) is blocked and holds the ripper in position until the ripper control lever is moved again.
Makeup Valve for the Head End of Lift Cylinders
Makeup valve (2) operates whenever the ripper is lowered (dropped) quickly.
When lift valve spool (8) is in the LOWER position, pump pressure is in passage (B) to the head end of the lift
cylinders. Tank pressure (return oil) is in passages (A) and (3) from the rod end of the lift cylinders.
When pump pressure becomes less than hydraulic tank pressure, makeup valve (2) opens and lets hydraulic tank
oil add with pump oil.
The pressure prevents cavitation in the head end of the lift cylinders and prevents any delay or "pause time" in the
operation of the ripper.
Makeup Valve for the Ripper Circuit (Earlier Models)
Makeup Valve (6) operates whenever pump pressure becomes less than hydraulic tank pressure.
Pump oil from inlet (10) opens load check valve (7) and flow to the lift spool. Pump oil flows into the spring
chamber between the load check valve and makeup valve (6).
If the hydraulic tank pressure becomes greater than the pump pressure and the spring force, makeup valve (6)
opens. Makeup valve (6) permits hydraulic tank oil from passage (3) to flow through the spring chamber and load
check valve (7) and add to the pump oil. The pressure prevents cavitation in the ripper circuit.
Load Check Valve
Load check valve (7) prevents reverse oil flow in the cylinders, which can cause cylinder drift.
For example, when lift valve spool (8) is in LIFT position, pump oil opens load check valve (7) and flows through
passage (A) to the rod end of the ripper cylinders.
If the pressure at inlet (10) decreases, the pressure of the oil in passage (A) along with the spring for the load check
valve closes load check valve (7) and holds the oil in the rod end of the lift cylinders.
Check valve (7) prevents any movement of the ripper lift cylinders and does not permit the ripper to drop.
Ripper Tip Circuit (earlier models)
Schematic of Ripper Lift and Tip Control Valve (earlier models) (Tip Spool in SHANK-IN Position)
(1) Outlet to hydraulic tank. (2) Makeup valve for head end of lift cylinders. (3) Passage. (4) Passage for pilot oil. (5) Spring. (6)
Makeup valve for ripper circuit. (7) Load check valve for ripper circuit. (8) Lift spool. (9) Passage for pilot oil. (10) Inlet from large
section of pump. (11) Tip valve spool. (12) Passage for pilot oil. (13) Spring. (14) Passage for pilot oil. (C) Passage to head end of
tip cylinders. (D) Passage to rod end of tip cylinders.
HOLD Position
The operation of tip valve spool (11) is the same as the operation of lift valve spool (8).
Hydraulic oil from the large section of the pump is sent through inlet (10). When both spools are in HOLD position,
no oil flows out of the control valve (the oil is blocked by the spools). Lift valve spool (8) does not stop the flow of
oil to tip valve spool (11) in any position.
SHANK-IN Position
When the pilot oil is in passage (14) the pilot oil moves tip valve spool (11) to the SHANK-IN position.
The pump oil from inlet (10) opens load check valve (7); flows around lift valve spool (8) and tip valve spool (11)
into passage (C) to the head end of the ripper tip cylinders.
Pressure oil causes the cylinder rods to extend and the ripper tip moves toward the machine.
The oil pushed from the rod end of the ripper tip cylinders flows into passage (D). The oil flows around tip valve
spool (11) and lift valve spool (8); through passage (3) and back to the hydraulic tank.
When the ripper control lever is released; spring (13) moves the tip valve spool to the HOLD position. The oil in
passages (C) and (D) is blocked and holds the ripper tip in position until the ripper control lever is moved again.
NOTE: See the section RIPPER LIFT circuit for the operation of makeup valves (2) and (6) and load check valve
(7).
SHANK-OUT Position
When the ripper control lever is moved to the SHANK-OUT position; pilot oil (from the pilot valve for ripper tip
control) flows into passage (12).
The pressure of the pilot oil moves tip valve spool (11) away from the HOLD position.
The oil from inlet (10) opens load check valve (7) and flows around the lift and tip valve spools into passage (D).
The oil in passage (D) flows to the rod end of the ripper tip cylinders, and causes the cylinder rods to retract and
the ripper tip moves away from the machine.
The oil pushed from the head end of the ripper tip cylinders, flows into passage (C). The oil flows around tip valve
spool (11) and lift valve spool (8) through passage (3) back to the hydraulic tank.
Spring (13) moves the tip valve spool back to the HOLD position. The oil in passages (C) and (D) is blocked and
holds the ripper tip in position until the ripper control lever is moved again.
Ripper Tip Circuit (later models)
Schematic of Ripper Lift and Tip Control Valve (Tip Spool in SHANK-OUT Position)
(1) Outlet to hydraulic tank. (2) Makeup valve for head end of lift cylinders. (3) Passage. (4) Passage for pilot oil. (5) Spring. (7)
Load check valve for ripper circuit. (8) Lift spool. (9) Passage for pilot oil. (10) Inlet from large section of pump. (11) Tip valve
spool. (12) Passage for pilot oil. (13) Spring. (14) Passage for pilot oil. (15) Makeup valve for rod end of tip cylinders. (C) Passage
to head end of tip cylinders. (D) Passage to rod end of tip cylinders.
Hold Position
The operation of tip valve spool (11) is the same as the operation of lift valve spool (8).
Hydraulic oil from the large section of the pump is sent through inlet (10). When both spools are in HOLD position,
no oil flows out of the control valve (the oil is blocked by the spools).
Lift valve spool (8) does not stop the flow of oil to tip valve spool (11) in any position.
Shank-Out Position
When the pilot oil is in passage (14) the pilot oil moves tip valve spool (11) to the SHANK-OUT position.
The pump oil from inlet (10) opens load check valve (7); flows around lift valve spool (8) and tip valve spool (11)
into passage (D) to the rod end of the ripper tip cylinders.
Pressure oil causes the cylinder rods to retract and the ripper tip moves away from the machine.
The oil pushed from the head end of the ripper tip cylinders, flows into passage (C); around tip valve spool (11)
and lift valve spool (8), through passage (3) and back to the hydraulic tank.
When the ripper control lever is released, spring (13) moves the tip valve spool to the HOLD position.
The oil in passages (C) and (D) is blocked and holds the ripper tip in position until the ripper control lever is moved
again
NOTE: See the section RIPPER LIFT circuit for the operation of makeup valves (2) and (6) and load check valve
(7).
Shank-In Position
When the ripper control lever is moved to the SHANK-IN position; pilot oil (from the pilot valve for ripper tip
control) flows into passage (12).
The pressure of the pilot oil moves tip valve spool (11) away from the HOLD position.
The oil from inlet (10) opens load check valve (7) and flows around the lift and tip valve spools into passage (C).
The oil in passage (C) flows to the head end of the ripper tip cylinders; and causes the cylinder rods to extend and
the ripper tip moves toward the machine.
The oil pushed from the rod end of the ripper tip cylinders, flows into passage (D); around tip valve spool (11) and
lift valve spool (8), through passage (3) and back to the hydraulic tank.
Spring (13) moves the tip valve spool back to the HOLD position. The oil in passages (C) and (D) is blocked and
holds the ripper tip in position until the ripper control lever is moved again.
Pilot System
Bulldozer Tilt Hydraulic System (earlier models) (TILT RIGHT Position)
(1) Selector stem. (2) Pilot valve for bulldozer tilt control. (3) Pilot valve for ripper lift control. (4) Pilot valve for ripper tip control.
(5) Pilot oil line from fan pump. (6) Small pump section. (7) Large pump section. (8) Hydraulic tank. (9) Pilot oil line to bulldozer tilt
spool. (10) Pilot oil line to bulldozer tilt spool. (11) Bulldozer tilt spool. (12) Pressure oil line from small pump. (13) Line to rod end
of tilt cylinder. (14) Outlet to hydraulic tank. (15) Line to bulldozer control valve. (16) Line to ripper control valve. (17) Line to head
end of tilt cylinder. (18) Bulldozer tilt cylinder. (19) Line from shuttle stem to relief valve. (20) Passage to shuttle stem. (21) Shuttle
stem. (22) Line to shuttle stem.
There can be as many as three pilot valves in the pilot system; pilot valve (2) from bulldozer tilt control, pilot valve
(3) for ripper lift control and pilot valve (4) for ripper tip control.
The pilot valves are the closed center type. There is no flow through the pilot valves when the spools are in the
HOLD position. Each valve is held (centered) by springs.
These valves are used in two combinations according to the optional equipment that is on the machine.
The bulldozer tilt (one valve) combination is standard on all machines.
The bulldozer tilt and ripper lift and tip (three valves) is an optional combination used on machines with a ripper.
For the explanation of the pilot system, the three-valve combination is used.
Tilt Right Operation of the Bulldozer

Move the bulldozer control lever to the right and the lever moves the valve spool in pilot valve (2).
The oil from the fan pump in pilot valve (2), flows through line (9) to the end of bulldozer tilt spool (11).
The pressure of the pilot oil moves tilt spool (11) to the TILT RIGHT position. The pump oil from line (12) in the
bulldozer control valve can not flow through outlet (14) to the hydraulic tank and the pressure of the oil increases.
The increased pressure of the oil from line (12) opens the load check valve in the bulldozer control valve; flows
around tilt spool (11) and through line (13) to the rod end of tilt cylinder (18).
The pump oil in the rod end moves the rod (connected to the right end of the bulldozer) farther into tilt cylinder (18)
which lowers the right end of the bulldozer to a TILT RIGHT position.
When tilt spool (11) is moved, tilt spool (11) closes off the flow of oil from pump section (6) to the bulldozer lift
circuit. Tilt spool (11) movement does not prevent the bulldozer circuit from operation.
If the bulldozer lift circuit is activated at the same time as the bulldozer tilt circuit, both circuits operate.
Tilt Left Operation of the Bulldozer

Move the bulldozer control lever to the left and the pilot oil flows through line (10) to the end of tilt spool (11). The
pressure of the pilot oil moves tilt spool (11) to the TILT LEFT position (no illustration).
The pump oil from line (12) in the bulldozer control valve flows through line (17) to the head end of tilt cylinder
(18). The pump oil in the head end moves the rod (connected to the right end of the bulldozer) farther out of tilt
cylinder (18) and pushes the end of the bulldozer up to a TILT LEFT position.
Raise Operation of the Ripper
Ripper Lift Hydraulic System (earlier models) (RAISE Position)

(1) Selector stem. (2) Pilot valve for bulldozer tilt control. (3) Pilot valve for ripper lift control. (4) Pilot valve for ripper tip control.
(5) Pilot oil line from fan pump. (6) Small pump section. (7) Large pump section. (8) Hydraulic tank. (15) Line to bulldozer control
valve. (16) Line to ripper control valve. (22) Line to shuttle stem. (23) Pilot oil line to ripper lift spool. (24) Pilot oil line to ripper lift
spool. (25) Ripper lift cylinders. (26) Load check valve. (27) Ripper lift spool.
Move the ripper control lever to the LIFT position and the control lever moves the valve spool in pilot valve (3) for
ripper lift control.
The oil from the fan pump flows in pilot valve (3), flows through line (23) to the end of lift spool (27). At the same
time, pilot oil flows through line (22) and moves shuttle stem (21) in the bulldozer control valve.
When the shuttle valve is moved, oil from line (15) in the bulldozer control valve flows through passage (20), the
shuttle stem and line (19).
Shuttle valve movement changes a flow control valve to a relief valve for the ripper circuit. No oil flows through line
(15) and all of the oil from pump sections (6) and (7) flows to load check valve (26) in the ripper control valve.
The pilot oil in line (23) moves lift spool (27) to the LIFT position. The pressure of the oil from pump sections (6)
and (7) opens load check valve (26), flows around lift spool (27) and through lines to the rod end of lift cylinders
(25).
The pump oil moves the rods (connected to the ripper) farther into lift cylinders (25) and the ripper lifts.
Lower Operation of the Ripper
Move the ripper control lever to the right and the pilot oil from pilot valve (3) flows through line (24) to the end of
lift spool (27).
Pilot oil also flows through line (22) to move shuttle stem (21) in the bulldozer control valve which stops the oil
through line (15).
All of the oil from pump sections (6) and (7) now flows to load check valve (26). The pilot oil in line (24) moves lift
spool (27) to the LOWER position (no illustration).
The pressure of the oil from pump sections (6) and (7) opens load check valve (26), flows around lift spool (27)
and through lines to the head end of lift cylinders (25).
The pump oil moves the rods (connected to the ripper) farther out of lift cylinders (25) and the ripper is pushed
down.
Shank-In Operation of the Ripper
Ripper Tip Hydraulic System (earlier models) (SHANK-IN Position)

(1) Selector stem. (2) Pilot valve for bulldozer lift control. (3) Pilot valve for ripper lift control. (4) Pilot valve for ripper tip control.
(5) Pilot oil line from fan pump. (6) Small pump section. (7) Large pump section. (8) Hydraulic tank. (15) Line to bulldozer control
valve. (16) Line to ripper control valve. (22) Line to shuttle valve. (26) Load check valve. (28) Pilot oil line to ripper tip spool. (29)
Pilot oil line to ripper tip spool. (30) Ripper tip cylinders. (31) Ripper tip spool.
Move the ripper control lever to the SHANK-IN position and the pilot oil from pilot valve (4) flows through line
(29) to the end of tip spool (31).
Pilot oil also flows through line (22) to move shuttle stem (21) in the bulldozer control valve which stops the oil
through line (15).
All of the oil from pump sections (6) and (7) now flows to load check valve (26). The pilot oil in line (29) moves tip
spool (31) to the SHANK-IN position.
The pressure of the oil from pump sections (6) and (7) opens load check valve (26), flows around tip spool (31)
and through lines to the head end of tip cylinders (30).
The pump oil moves the rods (connected to the ripper) farther out of the tip cylinders and the ripper is pushed in
toward the machine.
Shank-Out Operation of the Ripper

Move the ripper control lever to the SHANK-OUT position and the lever moves the valve spool in pilot valve (4)
for ripper tip control.
The oil from the fan pump flows in pilot valve (4), flows through line (28), to the end of tip spool (31). At the same
time, pilot oil flows through line (22) and moves shuttle stem (21) in the bulldozer (22) control valve.
When the shuttle stem has moved, oil from line (15) in the bulldozer control valve flows through line (20), the shuttle
stem and line (19) to change a flow control valve to a relief valve for the ripper circuit.
No oil flows through line (15) and all of the oil from pump sections (6) and (7) flow to load check valve (26) in the
ripper control valve.
The pilot oil in line (28) moves tip spool (31) to the SHANK-OUT position.
The pump oil in line (16) opens load check valve (26), flows around tip spool (31) and through lines to the rod end
of tip cylinders (30).
The pump oil moves the pistons and rods farther into the tip cylinders and the rods pull the ripper to the SHANK-
OUT position.
Lower Operation of the Ripper (Engine Not Running)
Ripper Lower With Engine Not Running (earlier models)
(1) Selector stem. (3) Pilot valve for ripper lift control. (5) Pilot oil line from fan pump. (23) Pilot oil line to ripper lift spool. (24) Pilot
oil line to ripper lift spool. (25) Ripper lift cylinders. (27) Ripper lift spool. (32) Line to selector stem. (33) Makeup valve for head
end of lift cylinders. (34) Makeup valve for ripper circuit.
The ripper can be lowered to the ground when the engine is stopped.
When the engine is stopped, there is no oil from the fan pump and pilot oil pressure is needed to move lift spool
(27) in the ripper control valve.
There is no oil pressure through pilot oil line (5) so the spring at selector stem (1) moves the stem down.
The oil in the rod end of ripper lift cylinders (25) has pressure because the weight of the ripper pulls (gravity) on the
rods. The rod end pressure oil flows through line (32) and around selector stem (1) to pilot valve (3) for ripper lift
control.
Move the ripper control lever to the LOWER position. The control lever moves the valve spool in pilot valve (3).
The valve spool lets the pressure oil in line (32) flow through pilot valve (3); and through line (24) to lift spool (27).
The pressure of the oil in line (24) moves lift spool (27) to the LOWER position. The drain passage for the rod end
is open to the hydraulic tank.
The pump passage to the head end of lift cylinders (25) is open but there is no pump oil for the head ends. The
weight of the ripper moves the rods farther out of the cylinders and the pressure of the oil in the head ends
decreases.
When the pressure of the oil in the head ends is less than the pressure of the oil in the hydraulic tank, the pressure of
the hydraulic tank oil opens makeup valves (33) and (34).
The hydraulic tank oil flows through the open makeup valves into the head ends of the cylinders, as the rods move
out of the cylinders, until the ripper is on the ground.
NOTE: As the ripper moves down, the ripper can be stopped by releasing the control lever (the lever moves to
the HOLD position). Move the control lever to the LOWER position again if the ripper is not on the ground.
Pin Puller Hydraulic System (Single Shank

Rippers)
Pin Puller Hydraulic System

(1) Pin puller hydraulic cylinder. (2) Pin puller control valve. (3) Toggle switch. (4) Line (to head end of cylinder). (5) Line (to rod
end of cylinder). (6) Transmission oil pump. (7) Priority valve. (8) Transmission oil filter.
Pin puller control valve (2) is a three position valve. The positions are: ENGAGE, HOLD and DISENGAGE.
Pressure oil for the pin puller circuit comes from transmission pump (6). Return oil from the system flows back to
the transmission.
Pin puller cylinder (1) is installed on the ripper. Linkage connects the cylinder rod to the pin. The pin can be
engaged or disengaged to change the position of the ripper shank.
Location of Pin Puller Control Valve
(2) Pin Puller Control Valve.
NOTE: Earlier model 74Z and 4HK machines have the pin puller control valve located on the left as pictured, later
4HK machines have the pin puller control valve located on the right side.
Pin puller control valve (2) is a closed centered solenoid valve that is operated by toggle switch (3) in the cab.
Toggle switch (3) is a locking switch that must be pulled up before it can be moved to an operating position.
When toggle switch (3) is moved to an operating position, pressure oil flows through the control valve to line (4) or
(5). Oil through line (4) to the head end of the pin puller cylinder engages the pin. Oil through line (5) disengages the
pin.
Dual Tilt Control Valve
Schematic of Dual Tilt Control Valve (DUAL TILT Position)

(1) Line from the bulldozer control valve. (2) Dual tilt control valve. (3) Chamber for pilot oil. (4) Dual tilt cylinder. (5) Line from the
bulldozer control valve. (6) Passage to hydraulic tank for solenoid valve. (7) Passage for pilot oil. (8) Port to head end of right dual
tilt cylinder. (9) Chamber for pump oil from the bulldozer control valve. (10) Port to rod end of right dual tilt cylinder. (11) Chamber
for pump oil from the bulldozer control valve. (12) Passage for pilot oil. (13) Passage for pilot oil to the solenoid valve. (14)
Solenoid valve. (15) Stem in dual tilt control valve. (16) Chamber for pilot oil. (17) Port to rod end of left dual tilt cylinder. (18) Dual
tilt cylinder. (19) Switch handle. (S1 ) Coil for tip operation of the cylinders. (S2 ) Coil for single tilt operation of the cylinders.
Dual tilt control valve (2) is an attachment that gives the tilt cylinder hydraulic circuit three different types of
operation: DUAL TILT, SINGLE TILT and TIP.
Dual tilt control valve (2) is installed in the radiator guard in front of the engine cooler. The control valve is activated
by pilot oil pressure from the inlet side of the engine fan motor.
Solenoid valve (14) directs the pilot oil to the ends of stem (15). Switch handle (19) controls the operation of the
solenoid valve with a toggle switch for SINGLE TILT operation and a push button switch for TIP operation.
Dual Tilt Operation
When solenoid valve (14) is not energized by switch handle (19), dual tilt control valve (2) is in the DUAL TILT
position. Tilt cylinders (4) and (18) move in opposite directions.
When the bulldozer control lever is moved to the TILT RIGHT position; pump oil from the bulldozer control valve
tilt circuit is sent through line (1) to the head end of dual tilt cylinder (4).
As cylinder (4) extends, oil from the rod end flows to port (17) of the dual tilt control valve. The oil then flows
around stem (15) through port (10) to the rod end of dual tilt cylinder (18).
As cylinder (18) retracts, oil from the head end of the cylinder flows to port (8) of the dual tilt control valve. The oil
then flows around stem (15) to chamber (9) and then to the hydraulic tank through line (5) and the bulldozer control
valve.
The movement of the two dual tilt cylinders causes the blade to tilt to the right. When the control lever is released,
oil is blocked to the cylinders and the blade stays tilted to the right until the control lever is moved again.
To tilt the blade to the left, the bulldozer control lever is moved to the TILT LEFT position.
Pump oil from the bulldozer control valve tilt circuit is sent through line (5) to chambers (9) and (11). Since oil to
chamber (11) is stopped, the oil flow flows to chamber (9) and around stem (15) to port (8).
Oil then flows to the head end of dual tilt cylinder (18). As the cylinder extends, oil from the rod end of cylinder
(18) flows to port (10). Oil at port (10) flows around stem (15) to port (17) and then to the rod end of dual tilt
cylinder (4).
As the cylinder retracts, oil from the head end of cylinder (4) flows to the hydraulic tank through line (1) and the
bulldozer control valve. The movement of the two dual tilt cylinders causes the blade to tilt left.
When the control lever is released, oil is blocked to the cylinders and the blade stays tilted to the left until the
control lever is moved again.
Single Tilt Operation
When the toggle switch on switch handle (19) is moved to the ON position, coil S2 of solenoid valve (14) is
energized.
Pilot oil, from the inlet side of the fan motor, at passage (13) flows through the solenoid valve to passage (7). Oil
through passage (7) flows to chamber (3) and moves stem (15) down to the SINGLE TILT position.
Stem (15) blocks oil in dual tilt cylinder (18) and lets it act as a brace. Dual tilt cylinder (4) now acts as a single tilt
cylinder.
When the bulldozer control lever is moved to the TILT RIGHT position, pump oil from the bulldozer control valve
tilt circuit is sent through line (1) to the head end of dual tilt cylinder (4).
As cylinder (4) extends, oil from the rod end flows to port (17) of the dual tilt control valve. The oil then flows
around stem (15) to chamber (9) and back to the hydraulic tank through line (5) and the bulldozer control valve.
The movement of cylinder (4) causes the blade to tilt to the right. When the control lever is released, oil is blocked
to cylinder (4) and the blade stays tilted to the right until the control lever is moved again.
To tilt the blade to the left, the bulldozer control lever is moved to the TILT LEFT position.
Pump oil from the bulldozer control valve tilt circuit is sent through line (5) to chambers (9) and (11). Since oil to
chamber to chamber (11) is stopped, the oil flow flows to chamber (9) and around stem (15) to port (17).
Oil then flows to the rod end of dual tilt cylinder (4). As cylinder (4) retracts, oil from the head end flows to the
hydraulic tank through line (1) and the bulldozer control valve.
The movement of cylinder (4) causes the blade to tilt left. When the control lever is released, oil is blocked to
cylinder (4) and the blade stays tilted to the left until the control lever is moved again.
Tip Operation
The tip function of the blade has priority over either the dual tilt or single tilt functions.
When the trigger lever on switch handle (19) is pulled back and held, coil S1 of solenoid valve (14) is energized.
When the toggle switch on switch handle (19) is in the SINGLE TILT, coil S2 is energized. Coil S2 is de-energized
when the trigger lever is pulled and coil S1 is energized.
With coil S1 energized, pilot oil, from the inlet side of the fan motor, at passage (13) flows through the solenoid
valve to passage (12). Oil through passage (12) flows to chamber (16) and moves stem (15) up to the TIP
position.
Oil in chamber (3) flows through passage (7) to solenoid valve (14) and then to the hydraulic tank through passage
(6) and the line connected to the outlet side of the fan motor.
When dual tilt control valve (2) is in the TIP position, the dual tilt cylinders move in the same direction to tip the
blade forward or back.
To move the blade forward, the bulldozer control lever with the trigger lever held back is moved to the right or TIP
FORWARD position.
Pump oil from the bulldozer control valve tilt circuit is sent through line (1) to the head end of dual tilt cylinder (4).
Oil from the rod end of cylinder (4) as it extends flows to port (17) of dual tilt control valve (2).
The oil then flows around stem (15) to port (8) and then to the head end of dual tilt cylinder (18). As cylinder (18)
extends, rod end oil from the cylinder flows to port (10) and into chamber (11) of the control valve.
The oil then flows to the hydraulic tank through line (5) and the bulldozer control valve. The movement of the
cylinders causes the blade to tip forward. When the control lever is released, the blade stays tipped forward until
the trigger lever is held and the control lever is moved again.
When the trigger lever is held and the bulldozer control lever is moved to left or TIP BACK position; pump oil from
the bulldozer control valve is sent through line (5) to chambers (9) and (11).
Since oil to chamber (9) is stopped, the oil flows to chamber (11) and around stem (15) to port (10). Oil then
flows to the rod end of dual tilt cylinder (18).
As cylinder (18) retracts, head end oil from the cylinder flows to port (8). The oil then flows around stem (15) to
port (17) and then to the rod end of dual tilt cylinder (4).
Head end oil from cylinder (4) as it retracts, flows to the hydraulic tank through line (1) and the bulldozer control
valve. The movement of the cylinders causes the blade to tip back.
When the control lever is released, the blade stays tipped back until the trigger lever is held and the control lever is
moved again.
C opyright 1993 - 2012 C ate rpillar Inc. Thu Aug 16 2012 14:08:45 GMT-0500 (Hora e st. de l Pacfico de SA)
Todos los de re chos re se rvados.
R e d privada para lice nciados de l SIS.

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Hydraulic System (Fan Drive)

Decreasing Fan Speed

Increasing Fan Speed

Hydraulic Motor (Fan Drive)

Hydraulic Pump and Compensator (Fan Drive)

Hydraulic (fan) pump components

Solenoid Valve Group (Fan Drive)

Control Levers (74Z1-UP Typical Example)

Implement Hydraulic Pump (10)

Pilot Valves (12)

Implement Hydraulic Pump

Hydraulic Tank and Filter

Hydraulic Tank and Filter

Components of Hydraulic Tank and Filter

Components of Hydraulic Tank and Filter

Bulldozer Control Valve

Bulldozer Tilt Circuit

Tilt Right Position

Tilt Left Position

Relief Valve for the Bulldozer Tilt Circuit

Tilt Relief Valve (earlier models)

Schematic of Bulldozer Control Valve in RAISE Position

Bulldozer Lift Circuit

Dump valve (6) works in four different ways:

Load Check Valves

Quick-Drop Valve Operation (Bulldozer Raise)

Quick-Drop Valve Operation (Bulldozer Lower, Quick-Drop)

Quick-Drop Valve Operation (Bulldozer Lower, Slow Speeds)

Quick-Drop Valve Operation (Bulldozer Lower, Down Pressure)

Ripper Lift and Tip Control Valve

Ripper Lift Circuit

Makeup Valve for the Head End of Lift Cylinders

Makeup Valve for the Ripper Circuit (Earlier Models)

Load Check Valve

Ripper Tip Circuit (earlier models)

Ripper Tip Circuit (later models)

The bulldozer tilt (one valve) combination is standard on all machines.

Tilt Right Operation of the Bulldozer

Tilt Left Operation of the Bulldozer

Raise Operation of the Ripper

Ripper Lift Hydraulic System (earlier models) (RAISE Position)

Shank-In Operation of the Ripper

Ripper Tip Hydraulic System (earlier models) (SHANK-IN Position)

Shank-Out Operation of the Ripper

Lower Operation of the Ripper (Engine Not Running)

Pin Puller Hydraulic System (Single Shank

Pin Puller Hydraulic System

Dual Tilt Control Valve

Schematic of Dual Tilt Control Valve (DUAL TILT Position)

Dual Tilt Operation

Single Tilt Operation

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