11/29/2013

Advance Coding
Information Theory
Theory and Coding
ECE581
ECE533
Convolutional Codes
Introduction
Convolutional
ConvolutionalCodes
Codes Encoder
Tree/Trelis
Encoders Structure

Nikesh Bajaj
nikesh.14730@lpu.co.in
Asst. Prof., ECE Dept.
Lovely Professional University 2 By Nikesh Bajaj

Channel Coding Classification

Classes of Channel Coding
Error Correcting Codes

BCH
Linear Block
Block Codes Cyclic Code
Codes
Error Correcting Reed-
Block Codes Convolutional Codes Codes Solomon

Linear Block Codes

(Hamming, Golay, MDS, Perfect) Convolutional
Cyclic Codes Codes
Fire code, Burst code
BCH
Reed -Solomon
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Convolutional Code (n0, k0)

Input m / information frame k0
Output /codeword frame u1u2 -- n0
Code rate R u1 First coded bit
Constraint Length K m u1 ,u2
Output coded bits
Tree Code / Stream Code Input data bits
u2
Wordlength = Kk0 Second coded bit

Blocklength = Kn0
Convolutional code LTI
Sliding block code

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Encoding State Diagram

M= 10101001101010101

u1

m u1 u2

u2

u1

Equation: m u1 u2

u2

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u1

m u1 u2

u2

Tree Trellis
Tree

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Trellis Trellis

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FIR/IIR
x=D
Polynomial Size(G) =k0 x no

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G What you should know

Diagram of Convolutional Coders
Determining n0 k0 constraint length K code
rate r
Draw
State Diagram of any coder
Trellis Diagram of any coder
Writing G in polynomial form See example in book

Encoding any stream with

Given circuit
State diagram and Trellis Diagram
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Practice Other Encoders

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Code(?,?) G

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TCM:
Generating Poly Concept of Coded Mod.
Trellis Coded Modulation
Modulation
QPSK, 8-PSK
Euclidean distance and Hamming distance
Constellation of QPSK and 8-PSK

Reference: Ranjan Bose, Do go through book

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Modulation
Euclidean Distance

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Constellation diagram

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Constraint sequence of symbols Example

Consider TCM
Encoding

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Turbo Codes Turbo Code: Encoder

1993, ICC, Berou et all
BER=10-5 at Eb/N0 =0.7dB with encoder
Good for Low SNR, not for high RS
Block or convolutional code
Uses Interleaver
PCCC
SCCC
HCCC

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Example

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