P R OT E C T I O N

MBCI
Differential Feeder and
Transformer Feeder
Protection
Differential feeder protection requires a
comparison of the currents entering and
leaving the protected zone. Two MBCI relays
are therefore required, one for each end of the
feeder. A pair of pilot wires is used to transmit
information between the two relays so that
each may be able to compare the current
flowing at its respective end with the current at
the other.

The pilot wire carries analogue circulating

current - allowing correct operation even for
low specification or ageing pilots.

When applying this protection to overhead

lines the limiting factor is generally the length
of the pilot circuits: for cable feeders the
limiting factors are more likely to be the level
of line charging current and the method of
A
system earthing.
B

C MODELS AVAILABLE
Trip Trip
> MBCI 01 - Private pilots
Rpp Rpp
T2 T2 > MBCI 02 - Telephone type
T1 Tr Tr T1
Rs Tt øc øc Rs
To To
Pilot wires
OPTIONAL EXTRAS
Ts RVD Ro Ro RVD
V V
> MRTP supervision relay
• Alarm and indication of pilot failure and supervision supply failure
• Suitable for pilot circuits insulated for 5kV or 15kV with pilot isolation
T1 - Summation transformer To - Operating winding Rpp - Pilots padding resistor
T2 - Auxiliary transformer Tr - Restraining winding øc - Phase comparator transformers
RVD - Non linear resistor Tr - Tertiary winding
Ts - Secondary winding Ro - Linear resistor
> MVTW destabilising and Intertripping relay
• Destabilises the feeder protection so that tripping occurs
Figure 1 Basic circuit arrangement
• Intertripping: injects ac voltage into pilot circuit so that tripping occurs
Customer Benefits
> MCRI instantaneous Overcurrent and start/check relay
• High stability for
• High speed operation
through faults
• Fast operation for in • Two phase and earth fault relay
zone faults
• Simultaneous tripping > MCTH transformer inrush Current detector
of relays at each line • Allows MBCI to be applied to transformer feeders
end • Blocks operation of the MBCI relay during transformer inrush conditions
• Low current transformer
requirements

T&D
 Protected Zone Protected Zone > Pilot supervision
P1 P2 P2 P1
A
S1 S2 S2 S1
B
C

See
RS
12
13
Note 5 RS Correct interchange of information over the pilot circuit
MBCI Power + MBCI
IA
23 Supply
Circuits 14 VX
–
is essential for the proper functioning of any differential
See
Note 4
24
25
& Enable 11
See
23
24 IA feeder protection. The most common pilot failure is to
Squarer Kt RL1 1
IB 2 Note 2 25
RL1–1 3
26
27 Enable 5 26 IB the open circuit state, caused by the accidental
A 27
IC
I N 28
Level RL2
2 RL1–2
2
4
28 IC excavation of buried pilots or storm damage to
C B Detector 6 IN
Phase OP RL3
Trip/ overhead pilots. With the pilots open circuited the
Rotation KS & RES
1
7
Alarm
RO
Squarer
RL2–1 9
Outputs differential protection will be unstable and will trip the
Case Earth
Case earth See Note 3 8 feeder if sufficient through current is flowing. For this
RL2–2
1
3
2
4
10 reason the circulating current system is often preferred
RPP 17
5 6
7 8 as such schemes will fail safe and trip so that attention
9 10 18 Pilot
11
13
12
14 19
Wires is immediately drawn to the fault.
15 16
17 18
Notes
19 20
1. (a) C.T. shorting links make before (b) & (c) disconnect. 3. Earthing connections are typical only
.
21 22 Module
4. C.T. connections are typical only
.
23 24 terminal block
viewed from
(b)
(c)
Short terminals break before (c)
Long terminal. 5. For overcurrent start schemes, terminal 12 must be
> Destabilising/intertripping
25 26
rear connected directly to D.C. +VE to provide a supply for
27 28
2. Link terminals 11 and 13 except when used with overcurrent the L.E.D. and reset circuits.
check replay type MCRI.
The remote unit of the differential feeder protection can
be caused to operate, provided sufficient line current is
Figure 2 Application diagram: differential feeder
flowing, by open circuiting the pilots. If line current is
protection relay type MBCI
not flowing, the remote unit can be operated
(intertripped) by injecting a current into the pilots.

> Overcurrent check/starting

Although the supervision scheme provides indication

Pilot isolation Pilot isolation

P6
transformer
S2 S1
transformer
P1
of pilot failure it does not prevent the protection
17 17
P5
P4
P3 X2 X1 operating if primary current above setting is flowing.
P2
MBCI Pilots
P2
MBCI Where this hazard is unacceptable it is necessary to
X2 P3
X1
18
P1 S1 S2
P4
P5
18
add an overcurrent check feature to verify fault
P6
S1 S2 Supervision
isolation
presence.
P1 P2 transformer

20 OP
RL2 RL7
2 1 Supply
19
27
Reset
Fail See
Note 7
> Emergency use for overcurrent protection
A.C. RL1 RL3
OP RL6 1
A.C. Pilot
Auxiliar y Power 2 2
Reset 1
28
Supply S/C RL4–1 3 Output
Supply
13 OP RL8
5 Contacts
Pilot
Vx 14
D.C.
Power
Reset 1
O/C RL4–2
2
4
Change
state for
In the event of a pilot failure which cannot quickly be
Case earth Supply
pilot fail
1 2
RL4
2
6 rectified, the Translay S scheme may be adapted for
3 4
7
Output
5 6 RL5–1 9
Contacts use as a definite time overcurrent relay.
7 8 11
9 10 MRTP 03 Change
8
11 12 +VE
RL5 state for
2 RL5–2 10
13 14 supply
15 16
RL1 RL2 RL3 RL1 RL2 RL3 12 fail
Case –1 –1 –1 Start –2 –2 –2
17 18
Earth t
19 20
21 22
23 24 Note 1.
25 26
(a) C.T. shorting links make before (b) & (c) disconnect.
27 28
Module terminal block (b) Short terminals break before (c).
viewed from rear (c) Long terminal.

Figure 3 Application diagram: pilot supervision relay

15kV isolation type MRTP 03

Simple differential protection - only 2

pilot cores, and no MODEMS!
2>3
> Transformer feeders
(use of transformer inrush current detector) Scheme Pilot Supervision O/C
Insulation Start/Check Arrangement of Equipment
Level (kV) (Viewed from front)
The inclusion of a type MCTH relay, designed to
A 5kV — — 1 1
provide a blocking signal in the presence of
transformer inrush currents, enables a pilot wire 1 1
B 15kV — —
differential protection scheme to be applied to a
transformer feeder. Where line and therefore C 5kV • — 2 1 3 1
transformer energisation can occur at one end only of
4 1 1
the transformer feeder, then a MCTH unit would be D 15kV • —
required on that side only.
E 5kV — • 1 5 1 5

F 15kV — • 1 5 1 5
> Symbols:
G 5kV • • 2 1 5 3 1 5

H 15kV • • 4 1 5 1 5
15kV isolating transformer
Table 1. Typical scheme arragements for plain feeders. See key below
.

Scheme Pilot Supervision Transformer

15kV isolating transformer Insulation Arrangement Arrangement of Equipment
with injection filter Level (kV) (Viewed from front)
Pilots
I 5kV — 1 8 9 7 1 8

J 15kV — 1 8 9 7 1 8

K 5kV • 1 8 2 9 7 1 8 3

1 8 4 9 7 1 8
L 15kV •

M 5kV — 1 8 1 8

N 15kV — 1 8 1 8

O 5kV • 1 8 2 1 8 3

1 8 4 1 8
P 15kV •

Table 2. Typical scheme arragements for transformer feeders. See key below
.

No. Type of relay

1 MBCI 01/02 Differential
2 MRTP 01 Pilot supervision and injection filter
3 MRTP 02 Injection filter
4 MRTP 03 Pilot supervision
5 MCRI 01 Overcurrent start/check
6 MVTW 01 Destabilising
7 MVTW 03 Destabilising and Intertripping
Schemes A to D can be fitted with relay types 6 or 7.
Schemes E to H can be fitted with type 6 which will provide
destabilising if the overcurrent start/check relays (MCRI 01) have
operated. Schemes I to L must use type 7 or 8.
8 MCTH 01 Transformer inrush current detector
9 MFAC 14 High impedance earth fault relay
10 MMLG Test plug/block
It is advisable on all schemes to include the test unit to facilitate
commissioning and routine testing. The unit will be situated on the
right–hand side of the scheme.
 DESCRIPTION DESTABILISE AND INTERTRIP
FACILITIES

> Differential protection > MVTW01

The differential feeder protection circuit is derived from
the well known Merz-Price circulating current system.
Figure 1 shows the basic circuit arrangement. A
summation current transformer T1 at each line end
produces a single phase current proportional to the
summated three phase currents in the protected line.
The neutral section of the summation winding is
tapped to provide alternative sensitivities for earth
faults.
Operation of the destabilising relay results in the
summation current transformer in the differential relay
being short circuited and the local relay prevented from
tripping.
The remote relay then sees a single end feed condition
and trips, provided the through current exceeds the no-
load fault setting of the protection

In order to maintain the bias characteristic at the > MVTW03

designed value it is necessary to pad the pilot loop
resistance to 1kΩ. A padding resistor Rpp is provided
The MVTW 03 incorporates a full bridge inverter,
in the relay for this purpose.
which receives signals from an oscillator circuit at a
frequency of 80Hz. This frequency was chosen
because it lies sufficiently far from the pilot frequency
> Pilot isolation transformers
of 50 or 60Hz and cancellation of the intertripping
signal cannot result.
When pilot isolation transformers are used, the pilot
insulation level is raised to 15kV. To ensure intertripping occurs the output relay injects a
20mA intertrip current into the pilots; the remote MBCI
sees the intertrip current as a differential current which
> Telephone type pilots (MBCI02) causes it to trip.

When the pilots to be used are of the telephone type -

> Transformer inrush current detector feature
the pilot differential voltage is limited by a metrosil
(MBCI01). An alternative limiter based on a zener
diode is available (MBCI02). A typical scheme for a delta-star power transformer is
shown in figure 4. The line current transformers are
connected in star on the delta side of the transformer.
Appropriate choice of CT ratios ensures that for
normal load and through fault conditions, equal
Figure 4 Typical application diagram:
currents flow into the differential tripping units (MBCI)
overall protection of transformer feeders
at each end. A high impedance differential relay (type
A
P2
I i
P2 P1
A
MFAC 14) is included in the neutral lead of the star-
B
S1 S2 S2 S1 connected line transformers to provide B-N protection
II ii B

iii
on the delta side of the power transformer. The MFAC
C III C
yn 14 high impedance differential relay may be used to
N.E.R.
initiate an intertrip unit (type MVTW 02)
23 MCTH MCTH 23
24 24
17 17
25 25
26 26
19 19
27 27
28 28

23 MBCI 17 17 MBCI 23
24 24
25 Pilots 25
26 26
27 18 18 17 18 27
28 19 19 28
MVTW03

MFAC14 1
27
RVD3 3
28 11

Note1: It is essential that the current transformer connections are earthed at one point only
.

Unit protection for lines and cables,

including those with in-zone transformers
4>5
 200
TECHNICAL DATA (MBCI RELAY) Metrosil
Limiter
> Current rating (in) 160
1A, 2A or 5A

Pilot Voltage (V Peak)

> Frequency rating 120

50Hz or 60Hz
Zener
80
Limiter
> Current withstand ratings
Duration (s) Differential 40
Continuous 2In
3 45In
2 55In 0 1 0 20 30
1 80In A-N fault current (x In)
0.5 100In

Figure 5 Pilot voltage characteristics

> Current circuit burden

• Highest phase burden

(with three phase rated current)
6VA N=6
%In %In
3.5VA N=3 Earth Fault Setting Earth Fault Setting A-N
70
• At setting current 0.5VA Ks = 2.0 Ks = 1.0
N=3 N =6 N=3 N =6
60
C-N
> Auxiliary supply A-N B-N
100 50
Rated Operative Current Drain (mA) A-N
Voltage range (V) Quiescent Operated C-N
80 40
(Vx) B-N
A-N B-N
24/27 19.2-32.4 30 17.5 60 30
30/34 24-37.5 15 175 C-N C-N
B-N
48/54 37.6-72 15 175 40 20
110/125 87.5-150 15 90
20 10
> Contacts
Contact arrangements 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
2 make and 2 change-over Through Load (xIn) Through Load (xIn)

> Contact ratings Figure 6 Minimum earth fault current for operation with through load

• Make and carry for 0.2s 7500VA subject to

maxima of 30A and
300V ac or dc
• Carry continuously 5A ac or dc Figure 7 Time characteristics for internal faults
• Break ac 1250VA
dc 50W resistive 240
25W inductive
L/R = 0.045s
200
Subject to maxima of 5A and 300V
Operation time (Milliseconds)

160

120

80 Kt = 6
Kt = 14
40 Kt = 20
Kt = 40

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 10 20 30 40 50 60 80 100
Current (multiples of setting)
 PILOTS UNIT PROTECTION OF
TRANSFORMER FEEDERS
> Pilots isolation
> Fault setting
Pilot isolation transformers are required when any
longitudinally induced voltage in the pilot circuit is likely The relay internal summation is identical to that used
to exceed 5kV: in effect this means when protecting for plain feeders but the turns ratio used is 2.25:6.
feeders operating at voltages in excess of 33kV, unless This will result in secondary settings as given in the
these are short in length. table below:

Relay setting in amps = Ks x In times the

> Pilot current Constant in the table below

The pilot current is typically 30mA for normal through A to N 0.44

load conditions and rises to a maximum of 300mA B to N ∞
under through fault conditions. C to N 0.17
A to B 0.44

> Fault settings for plain feeders B to C 0.17

C to A 0.12

The input transformer has a summation ratio of 1.25:1:N 3 Phase 0.14

where N = 3 for normal use. N = 6 is used where low
Table 4
earth fault settings are needed. The minimum operating
current will therefore be dependent on the phase or
Where
phases involved in the fault. The minimum earth fault
Ks = setting multiplier which may be adjusted
current (If) should be greater than twice the least
between 0.5 and 2.0
sensitive earth fault setting to ensure rapid fault
clearance.
In = relay rated current
The range setting of fault settings is shown in table 3.
NB. The figures quoted in this table are those to be
Fault Settings expected under conditions of secondary injection
(Summation ratio = 1.25/1/N) N=3 N=6 testing.

Ks is a setting multiplier A-N 0.19Ks.In 0.12Ks.In Note 1: There is a restricted earth fault relay in the
And may be varied B-N 0.25Ks.In 0.14Ks.In neutral of the star connected CTs on the
From 0.5-2.0 C-N 0.33Ks.In 0.17Ks.In delta side of the power transformer.
In is the rated relay current A-B 0.8Ks.In This provides protection against earth faults
B-C 1.0Ks.In on the Delta side of the power transformer
when the infeed is into the delta.
C-A 0.44Ks.In
It will provide settings lower than any of the
A-B-C 0.5Ks.In
phase to neutral settings given above.
Table 3
Note 2: The MBCI relay, when used in the
Note: A stabilising resistor is required for single transformer feed application, does not require
phase protection or when MBCI is fed from a stabilising resistor.
delta connected current transformers.

> Cases
> Reduction of induced pilot loop voltage
Relay type MBCI is provided in case 6 as shown
Ideally the pilot cores should be wormed (twisted in Figure 8.
together) so that the induced loop voltage is kept to a
minimum.

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6>7
INFORMATION REQUIRED 103.6
WITH ORDER
149
4 holes ø 4.4 24

> Basic scheme reference (refer to table 1)

> Types of relay
168 159
> Pilot loop resistance and intercore capacitance
values. (This information is required to determine
whether pilot isolating transformers are required for
matching purposes.) Push button 151
projection 10 max
Panel cut-out:
> Pilot insulation level (5kV or 15kV).
Flush mounting fixing details
Is pilot supervision equipment required?

> Is the overcurrent relay required? 32 212 25 min.

> Is the destabilising facility or destabilising /intertrip

facility required?

> Pilot voltage: 177 157 max.

Metrosil (MBCI 01) or
Zener limiting (MBCI 02)
Reset
> Current rating
155 Flush mounting 11
> Frequency rating
All dimensions in mm
> Auxiliary dc supply rating
> Auxiliary ac supervision supply rating
Figure 8 Case outline size 6
> AC intertrip supply rating

Figure 9 Stabilising resistor

2BA connection
screws

354 mm

48 mm

2 holes
6.5 mm 310 mm 48
mm
342 mm

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AREVA TRACK RECORD -
TRANSLAY - S SCHEMES
>> MBCI is the second generation Translay - S product.
>> MBCI launched in 1983, with over 13 000 in service worldwide.
>> Sister product MHOR analogue differential protection, and
MiCOM P521 numerical unit protection.
MiCOM is a registered trademark of AREVA. All trade names or trademarks mentioned herein whether registered or not, are the property of their owners. - 389191982 RCS PARIS - Printed in France - SONOVISION-ITEP
AUTOMATION-L3-MBCI-BR-01.05-????-GB - © - AREVA - 2004. AREVA, the AREVA logo and any alternative version thereof are trademarks and service marks of AREVA.
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