5.

8 Fixing of sprocket-After fixing the shaft and bearing, we set the sprocket on the both side of
the shaft. We set the four sprockets on the shaft 70 mm from the bearing. Tightening of sprocket
with the help of Allen key. That Allen key size is 25.

Figure 5.19-Fitting of Sprocket

5.9 Allen key-A hex key, Allen key or Allen wrench is a tool used to drive bolts
and screws with hexagonal sockets in their heads.

Figure 5.20 Allen key

5.10 Joining of chain- Chain is used to transmit the power with the help of sprocket from one
shaft to another shaft. We had used 10 no chain locker. Chain length is 2438.4 mm.

Figure 5.21-Joining of chain

5.11 Welding of lifter- Welding of lifter in between two chain, one is right side and another is
left side. Welding of lifter with the help of electric arc welding. Distance between two chain is
533.4 mm.

Figure 5.22-Welding of chain

5.12 Fixing of motor- In Semi-automatic drain cleaner we have used geared head motor. We
installed the geared head motor beside the semi-automatic drain cleaner. To prepare of the base of
the motor with the help of mild steel plate. Made 127 mm width of the base of geared head motor.
After that weld, the mild steel plate with the help of electric arc welding. After that we made strip
for tightening the motor with the help of U- clamp. Make two holes on the base of mild steel plate.

Figure 5.23- Fixing of motor

5.13 Boring of pulley- Boring of pulley with the help of Lathe machine. We have two pulley first
one diameter is 75 mm and second one diameter is 152.4 mm. During the process of boring fix the
pulley in the three-jaw chuck and fix the drill bit in the tool holder. First of all, fix the smaller
pulley in the three-jaw chuck and enlarge the diameter of smaller pulley to 15 mm. Again, fix the
larger pulley in three-jaw chuck and enlarge the diameter of larger pulley to 20 mm. After the
process on lathe machine, we had fix the pulley in the shaft and geared head motor.
In machining, boring is the process of enlarging a hole that has already been drilled (or cast), by
means of a single-point cutting tool (or of a boring head containing several such tools), for example
as in boring a gun barrel or an engine cylinder. Boring is used to achieve greater accuracy of the
diameter of a hole, and can be used to cut a tapered hole. Boring can be viewed as the internal-
diameter counterpart to turning, which cuts external diameters.
 Figure 5.24- Pulley on Lathe machine

During the process boring, we made tapping on the beside of pulley with the help of tool. Tool
size is M8.

Figure 5.25 Pulley after boring

5.14 Fixing of pulley- Fixing of pulleys on the shaft and motor. Smaller pulley fixed on the shaft
of the motor and larger pulley fixed on the shaft. Fixing of pulley with the help of wrench.

Figure 5.26-Fixing of larger pulley

Figure 5.27-Fixing of smaller pulley

5.15 Leveling of machine part- Leveling of machine part with the help of spirit level. Spirit
level is required when we fix the shaft and L-angle.

Figure 5.28- Leveling of Machine part

We have leveled the lifter and all the machine part as example- L-angle, Chain, Shaft etc.…

Figure 5.29 Leveling of Lifter

5.16 Greasing of chain drive- Lubrication is a process which aims at reducing friction between
two moving parts. When two surfaces come in contact with one another, a fluid must be applied
for friction free of the components. The word greasing applies when grease is used to lubricate.

Figure 5.30-Greasing of Chain drive

5.17 Welding of Net-Welding of Mild steel net with the help of Electric arc welding. Before
welding of Mild steel net on the frame, we have to make level if it is uneven the mild steel net
with the help of hammer.

Figure 5.31- Mild steel net

After the plaining of mild steel net, we have weld the mild steel net on the frame of semi-
automatic drain cleaner.

Figure 5.31- Welding of Net

5.18 Grinding of weld joint-Grinding is a subset of cutting, as grinding is a true metal-cutting

process. Each grain of abrasive functions as a microscopic single-point cutting edge (although of
high negative rake angle), and shears a tiny chip that is analogous to what would conventionally
be called a "cut" chip (turning, milling, drilling, tapping, etc.). However, among people who work
in the machining fields, the term cutting is often understood to refer to the macroscopic cutting
operations, and grinding is often mentally categorized as a "separate" process. This is why the
terms are usually used in separately in shop-floor practice. Grinding is commonly used on cast
iron and various types of steel. These materials lend themselves to grinding because they can be
held by the magnetic chuck commonly used on grinding machines, and they do not melt into the
wheel, clogging it and preventing it from cutting. Materials that are less commonly ground are
Aluminum, stainless steel, brass & plastics. These all tend to clog the cutting wheel more than
steel & cast iron, but with special techniques it is possible to grind them. Surface grinding uses a
 rotating abrasive wheel to remove material, creating a flat surface. The tolerances that are
normally achieved with grinding are ± 2 × 10−4 inches for grinding a flat material, and ± 3 ×
10−4 inches for a parallel surface (in metric units: 5 μm for flat material and 8 μm for parallel
surface).

Figure 5.33 Grinding of weld part

5.19 Apply primer on mild steel-A primer undercoat is a preparatory coating put on materials
before painting. Priming ensures better adhesion of paint to the surface, increases paint durability,
and provides additional protection for the material being painted. Primer is a paint product that
allows finishing paint to adhere much better than if it were used alone. [2] For this purpose, primer
is designed to adhere to surfaces and to form a binding layer that is better prepared to receive the
paint. Because primers do not need to be engineered to have durable, finished surfaces, they can
instead be engineered to have improved filling and binding properties with the material
underneath. Sometimes, this is achieved with specific chemistry, as in the case of aluminum
primer, but more often, this is achieved through controlling the primer's physical properties such
as porosity, tackiness, and hygroscope. Primer as a step in the coating process of a car body.
In practice, primer is often used when painting many kinds of porous materials, such
as concrete and especially wood. Priming is mandatory if the material is not water resistant and
will be exposed to the elements. Priming gypsum board (drywall) is also standard practice with
new construction because it seals the wall and aids in preventing mold. Primers can also be used
for dirty surfaces that, for some reason, cannot be cleaned, or before painting light colors over
existing dark colors. Primers can usually be tinted to a close match with the color of the finishing
paint. If the finishing paint is a deep color, tinting the primer can reduce the number of layers of
finishing paint that are necessary for good uniformity across the painted surface.

Figure 5.34-Primer and Brush

Figure 5.35- Apply Primer

5.20 Cutting of Plastic Sheet- Plastic sheet is used for cover the collecting bin of semi-automatic
drain cleaner. We have bought plastic sheet from the market. It is available in 3X3 feet. We made
collecting bin 457.2x762x609.6 (mm3). Marking on the sheet with the help of marker. We have
cut the plastic sheet with the help of scissor. Plastic is a material consisting of any of a wide range
of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic compounds that are malleable and can be molded into solid
objects. Plastics are typically organic polymers of high molecular mass, but they often contain
other substances. They are usually synthetic, most commonly derived from petrochemicals, but
many are made from renewable materials such as polylactic acid from corn or cellulosic from
cotton linters. Plasticity is the general property of all materials that are able to irreversibly deform
without breaking, but this occurs to such a degree with this class of moldable polymers that their
name is an emphasis on this ability.

Figure 5.36-Marking on sheet

Figure 5.37-Cutting of sheet

5.21 Fixing of Plastic Sheet in Collecting bin- After cutting the plastic sheet as required sizes for
collecting bin, we have to fix the plastic sheet in the L-Type angle with the help of screws.

Figure 5.38- Fixing of sheet

5.22 Apply paint on the Semi-Automatic drain cleaner- At last, we have go for apply paint on
the semi-automatic drain cleaner. Paint is used for protecting the mild steel from the rust. Actually,
Semi-automatic drain cleaner is working in water that’s why we had used most rust resistance
paint.

Figure 5.39- Apply Paint on Machine

5.23 Making of Collecting Bag- Making collecting bag for collecting the floating material from
the drain. Collecting bin is for collect the floating materials from the drain, actually collecting bin
is open at bottom side. When lifter lift the floating materials from the drain and it will dump into
the collecting bin and through the collecting bin all floating materials store in collecting bag. After
filling the collecting bag, one labor will remove the collecting bag from the semi-automatic drain
cleaner.

Figure 5.40-Collecting Bag

 6.TESTING

6.1 Testing of Semi-Automatic drain cleaner- While conducting the test of Semi-automatic drain
cleaner is kept or so arranged against the flow of water. Semi-automatic drain cleaner is suitable
for open canal drain and it is used in Industry to collect floating materials from the drains. At last
we went for testing of Semi-automatic drain cleaner, we have conducted a test with the Semi-
automatic drain cleaner in open canal drain. Actually, we made drain for testing as requirement
for Semi-automatic drain cleaner, we made 762 mm width and also 962 mm depth of the drain.
After that we pour some floating materials as sample bottles, carry bags, leaves of the tree etc.
During the conducting test of Semi-automatic drain cleaner, we have considered some point
 Lifter speed is constant and it regularly lifts the waste.
 Time taken by each lifter to lift each object from bottom to top is 12 seconds.
 Minimum time taken by collecting bag to fill completely is 8 hours.
 Quantity of waste collecting in the collecting bin is nearly 8-9 kilograms.
 The below graph which is drawn time v/s collecting bin explains that how much waste is
collected in the bin with respect to time.

Figure 6.1- Graph of time v/s collecting bin.

While considering the below graph collecting bin v/s one complete cycle indicates that the rate of
lifter lifting the waste is directly proposal to the storage of waste in the collecting bin.

Fig 6.2- Graph of cycle v/s collecting bin

 7. RESULT

While conducting the testing of Semi-automatic drain cleaner, we seen working of Semi-automatic
drain cleaner in the open canal drain. Semi-automatic drain cleaner should be placed against the
flow of water. We have considered some point in result.

 Time taken by each lifter to lift each object from bottom to top is 12 seconds.
 Lifter speed is constant and it regularly lifts the floating materials from the drain.
 Cost of the machine is economic and it is portable.
 It required 230 volts to run the machine.
 The lifter can lift one kg of weight.
 The performance of semi-automatic drain cleaner is better than other cleaning system.
 It does not required skilled worker to operate.
 8.CONCLUSION

 In this project of drainage Waste water floating materials are collected by the motor, roller
chain, sprocket, lifter and the collecting bin to achieve semi-automatic control of sewage
waste water.

 Drainage from industries is treated through this project to meet the national emission
standards, with stable operation, low cost and good effect.

 Drainage waste materials control is treated by this method to irrigate plants.

 When this equipment is fabricated proportionally big in size, the cleaner functioned move
effectively during the heavier rains which had more volume of running water with garbage
and high velocity
 9.REFRENCES

1. international journal of engineering research and application

2. international journal of advance engineering and research (ijaer)
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drainage_system
4. http://www.mdpi.com
5. Theory of machines –S S Rattan Department of Mechanical Engineering Regional
Engineering College Kurukshetra (2004). Publication: Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing
company Limited.
6. Design of machine elements (DME-II) by K Raghavendra. first edition 2015.
7. Design and Data hand book for Mechanical Engineers by K Mahadevan and K Balaveera
reddy. Fourth edition 2013.