Reading and Writing

Skills
READING
AND
WRITING
SKILLS

Edited on 5th Rabee3u-th-thaanee 1431

21st March 2010

 INDEX

Introduction 2
PART ONE
Revision of the step by step book 3
My beautiful letters 4
Table of Arabic letters 5
Writing exercices 7
The Marks 9
Fat-hah 9
Letter Hamzah 10
Fat-hah and Alif Maddiyyah 12
The shortened Alif 15
kasrah 16
Kasrah and yaa' Maddiyah 17
Dammah 20
Dammah and waaw Maddiyah 22
Sukoon 24
How to pause on Arabic words 25
Shaddah 26
PART TWO
Rules of reading more than a word 29
Introduction to the Arabic word 30
Tanween 31
Tied Taa' 35
Connecting Hamzah 37
Disconnecting Hamzah 38
Laam in (Al of definition) 39

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 INTRODUCTION

All praise is for Allah. We praise Him, seek His help and forgiveness. We
seek refuge in Allah from the evils of ourselves, and the evils of our actions.
I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped except Allah alone
and I bear witness that Muhammad َ‫ﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺴﻠﱠﻡ‬
ُ ‫ ﺼﻠﱠﻰ ﺍ‬is His servant and
Messenger.

- In the book you have in hand, we will complete the needed lessons to
be able to read and write any Arabic text ُ‫إنْ  َء ا‬
- We will start with a revision of the Step by Step book: Arabic letters,
how to connect or separate them, the Arabic marks and the comparison
between short and long vowels.
- Few new important lessons are added to make you able to read
words together are added.
- It is important to know that this is a book of reading and writing
practice book, not a book to learn the language, so you might find few
words that do not have meaning in Arabic but we are only using them for
practice.
- We will keep transliteration for most of the words, as probably it will
be a self-studying book, but always try to read the words without the
transliteration first then check if it is correct.
- A question that might come to your mind when doing these lessons
is:

Why does the same word appears with different marks on the
last letter?

‫ﻁ‬
 ‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻁﹰﺎ‬‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻁﹲ‬‫ﺼ‬

The ending of an Arabic word changes after its position (role of the
word in the sentence e.g. subject, object etc ). However, the word
still means the same.
The reason of these changes will be explained later in the Qur'aanic
Arabic lessons ‫إنْ  َء ا‬

Hope you find these notes useful. May Allaah keep you straight on his
path, and teach you what will be beneficial for you, give you success in this
life and in the hereafter.

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 PART 1

REVISION OF THE "STEP BY STEP" BOOK

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 ‫ﺃ‬

‫ﺙ‬ ‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺏ‬

‫ﺥ‬ ‫ﺡ‬ ‫ﺝ‬

‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺫ‬ ‫ﺩ‬

‫ﺽ‬ ‫ﺹ‬ ‫ﺵ‬ ‫ﺱ‬

‫ﻤﻴﻠﹶ ﹸﺔ‬ ‫ﺠ‬
 ‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﹾﺍﻝ‬
 ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺤ‬
My beautiful letters

‫ﻍ‬ ‫ﻉ‬ ‫ﻅ‬ ‫ﻁ‬

‫ل‬ ‫ﻙ‬ ‫ﻕ‬ ‫ﻑ‬

‫ﻱ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫـ‬ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﻡ‬

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 Letter Vocaliza- Transliter- At the In the At the Connected
Figure Example New Heavy Light from right
Name tion tion end middle beginning only

1 Hamzah first sound in a,o,e,i 'Apple *

‫ء‬
( a, o, e, i )

2 Baa‘ ‫ﺏ‬ b b Back * ‫ﺏ‬ ‫ـﺏ‬ ‫ـﺒـ‬ ‫ﺒـ‬

3 Taa‘ ‫ﺕ‬ t t Tab * ‫ﺕ‬ ‫ـﺕ‬ ‫ـﺘـ‬ ‫ﺘـ‬
4 Thaa‘ ‫ﺙ‬ th th Thank * ‫ﺙ‬ ‫ـﺙ‬ ‫ـﺜـ‬ ‫ﺜـ‬
5 Jeem ‫ﺝ‬ j j Jar * ‫ﺝ‬ ‫ـﺞ‬ ‫ـﺠـ‬ ‫ﺠـ‬
6 Haa‘ ‫ﺡ‬ - h - * * ‫ﺡ‬ ‫ـﺢ‬ ‫ـﺤـ‬ ‫ﺤـ‬
7 Khaa‘ ‫ﺥ‬ - kh - * * ‫ﺥ‬ ‫ـﺦ‬ ‫ـﺨـ‬ ‫ﺨـ‬
8 Daal ‫ﺩ‬ d d Data * ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ـﺩ‬ ‫ـﺩ ـ‬ ‫ﺩـ‬ *
9 Dhaal ‫ﺫ‬ th dh That * ‫ﺫ‬ ‫ـﺫ‬ ‫ـﺫ ـ‬ ‫ﺫـ‬ *
10 Raa‘ ‫ﺭ‬ r r Right * ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ـﺭ‬ ‫ـﺭـ‬ ‫ﺭـ‬ *
11 Zaay ‫ﺯ‬ z z Zoo * ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ـﺯ‬ ‫ـﺯـ‬ ‫ﺯـ‬ *
12 Seen ‫ﺱ‬ s s Sand * ‫ﺱ‬ ‫ـﺱ‬ ‫ـﺴـ‬ ‫ﺴـ‬
Shado
13 Sheen ‫ﺵ‬ sh sh * ‫ﺵ‬ ‫ـﺵ‬ ‫ـﺸـ‬ ‫ﺸـ‬
w
14 Saad ‫ﺹ‬ s s Sauce * ‫ﺹ‬ ‫ـﺹ‬ ‫ـﺼـ‬ ‫ﺼـ‬
15 Daad ‫ﺽ‬ - d - * * ‫ﺽ‬ ‫ـﺽ‬ ‫ـﻀـ‬ ‫ﻀـ‬
16 Taa‘ ‫ﻁ‬ t t - * ‫ﻁ‬ ‫ـﻁـ‬ ‫ﻁـ‬ ‫ﻁ‬
17 Dhaa‘ ‫ﻅ‬ th dh - * ‫ﻅ‬ ‫ـﻅـ‬ ‫ﻅـ‬ ‫ﻅ‬
18 3ayn ‫ﻉ‬ - 3 - * * ‫ﻉ‬ ‫ـﻌـ‬ ‫ﻋـ‬ ‫ﻉ‬
19 Ghyne ‫ﻍ‬ - gh - * * ‫ﻍ‬ ‫ـﻐـ‬ ‫ﻏـ‬ ‫ﻍ‬
20 Faa‘ ‫ﻑ‬ f f Fat * ‫ﻑ‬ ‫ـﻔـ‬ ‫ﻓـ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
21 Qaaf ‫ﻕ‬ - q - * * ‫ﻕ‬ ‫ـﻘـ‬ ‫ﻗـ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
22 Kaaf ‫ﻙ‬ k k Kid * ‫ﻙ‬ ‫ـﻜـ‬ ‫ﻜـ‬ ‫ﻙ‬
23 Laam ‫ل‬ l l Lamp * ‫ل‬ ‫ـﻠـ‬ ‫ﻝـ‬ ‫ل‬
24 Meem ‫ﻡ‬ m m Map * ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ـﻤـ‬ ‫ﻤـ‬ ‫ﻡ‬
25 Noon ‫ﻥ‬ n n Name * ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ـﻨـ‬ ‫ﻨـ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
26 Haa‘ ‫ﻫـ‬ h h Hat * ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ـﻬـ‬ ‫ﻫــ‬ ‫ﻫـ‬
27 Waaw ‫ﻭ‬ w w Wing * ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ـﻭ‬ ‫ﻭـ‬ ‫ﻭـ‬ *
Waaw
‫ﻭ‬ oo oo Moon * ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ـﻭ‬ ‫ﻭـ‬ __ *
Maddiyah
28 Yaa‘ ‫ﻱ‬ Y Y You * ‫ﻱ‬ ‫ـﻴـ‬ ‫ﻴـ‬ ‫ﻱ‬
Yaa‘
‫ﻱ‬ ee ee Deep ‫ﻱ‬ ‫ـﻴـ‬ ‫ﻴـ‬ __
Maddiyah
Alif ‫ﺍ‬
29 ‫ﺍ‬ Long a aa sad * ‫ـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍـ‬ ‫ﺍـ‬ *
Maddiyah
 WRITING EXERCISES
١ ‫ﺭﹺﻴﺏ‬‫ﹶﺘﺩ‬
Connect the letters of the word

‫ﻙﺕﺏ‬ ‫ﻕلﺏ‬ ‫ﺏلﻍ ﻕﺏﺽ ﺹﺏﻍ‬

................. ............. ................. ................ ................

‫ﺕﺏﺕ‬ ‫ﻡﺱﺡ‬ ‫ﻉﺕﺏ‬ ‫ﻑﺕﺡ‬ ‫ﺕﻱﻥ‬

................. ................. ................. ................ ................

‫ﺝﺏل‬ ‫لﻱﺙ‬ ‫ﻥﻑﺱ‬ ‫لﻡﻡ‬ ‫لﺙﻡ‬

................. ................. ................. ................ ................

٢ ‫ﺭﹺﻴﺏ‬‫ﹶﺘﺩ‬
Separate the letters of each word

‫ﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺸﻤﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺱ‬

‫ﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﺤﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻘل‬

‫ﻨﻘﺹ‬ ‫ﺤﻠل‬ ‫ﻗﺘل‬ ‫ﺸﻴﻥ‬

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Remember that the non connectors (the letters connected from
right side only) are: ‫ﻭﺍ ﺩ ﺫ ﺭ ﺯ‬
٣ ‫ﺭﹺﻴﺏ‬‫ﹶﺘﺩ‬
Connect the letters of the word

‫ﻙﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻕلﺏ‬ ‫ﺹﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻕﺏﺭ‬ ‫ﺏﺩﺭ‬

............... ............. ................. ................ ................

‫ﺕﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﻡﺕﺭ‬ ‫ﻉﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻑﺕﺡ‬ ‫ﺕﻱﻥ‬

...............
................. ................. ................ ................

‫ﺡﺩﺙ‬ ‫لﻱﺙ‬ ‫ﻡﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺝﺙﻡ‬ ‫ﺙﻭﻡ‬

................. ................. ................. ................ ................

٤ ‫ﺭﹺﻴﺏ‬‫ﹶﺘﺩ‬
Separate the letters of each word

‫ﻜﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﺭ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬

‫ﺤﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺜﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻨﺫﺭ‬

‫ﻨﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﺴﺄل‬ ‫ﻨﺯل‬ ‫ﺭﻓﻊ‬

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 ‫ﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺭ ﹶﻜ ﹸ‬ ‫* ﹾﺍﻝﺤ‬1
THE MARKS
(Fat-hah, Dammah, Kasrah, Sukoon and Shaddah)

1- FAT-
FAT-HAH
is a small diagonal line placed above a letter, and represents a short (a).
This (a) is pronounced as (a) in (tablet). The word Fat-hah means opening,
and refers to the opening of the mouth when producing an (a)

The mark of Fat-hah ‫ﺤ ﹸﺔ‬

 ‫ َﹶﻓﺘﹾ‬is up, and my mouth goes up ba

‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﻊ ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻔﺘﹾ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﻭ ﹸ‬‫ﺤﺭ‬
 ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬
The letters with the Fat-hah

‫ﺥ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺡ‬
 ‫ﺝ‬
 ‫ﺙ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺀ‬ *2
kha ha ja tha ta ba 'a

‫ﺹ‬
 ‫ﺵ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﹶﺫ‬ ‫ﺩ‬
sa sha sa za ra dha da

‫ﻕ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻍ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻉ‬
 ‫ﻅ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻁ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺽ‬

qa fa gha 3a dha ta da

‫ﻱ‬
 ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﻙ‬

ya wa ha na ma la ka

*1-The letter ( ‫ ) ا‬you see at the beginning of that word is not a long vowel
(long vowels cannot start a word) but it is a type of Hamzah called Hamzah
of connection that will be explained later in that book.

*2- We have only chosen the form of the Hamzah without a seat as an
example, anyway the Hamzah sound will not change with all her seats. Look
at the next page for a quick revision of Hamzah.

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 LETTER HAMZAH
The Hamzah is represented by a sign. This sign is sometimes written over
or under certain letters called “seats”, or else aloof.

The seats can be: ( ‫ ﺍ ) ﺃ‬، ( ‫ ﻭ ) ﺅ‬، ( ‫ﺌـ‬ or ‫ﻯ)ﺉ‬

The seat is not pronounced, but is only an orthographic convention in the
spelling of words with Hamzah.

There is a cardinal rule in the reading of Hamzah:

If there is a seat, ignore it.

The writing of Hamzah:

1- Aloof ( ‫)ﺀ‬ not connected from right or from left.
2- With a carrier, in which case it becomes like a diacritic:
a- Above and under an Alif ( ‫ﺃ‬ ‫)ﺇ‬ (This is how it appears at the beginning
of a word)
b. Above a waaw (‫) ﺅ‬
c. Above a dotless yaa' (‫)ﺉ‬
The rules of writing The Hamzah will be studied later ‫ﷲ‬
ُ ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺀ‬ ‫ ﺸﹶﺎ‬‫ﺇﻥ‬
Important comment:
Note that the Alif and Hamzah are two different letters. The letter Alif is
a long vowel, always written free from any type of Harakah, and it never
comes at the beginning of a word. But Hamzah is a consonant that
comes anywhere in the word with a Harakah.
(Step by step book page 61)

But because the Hamzah is mostly using Alif as a seat, people call the
Hamzah on the top of Alif (‫ )ﺃ‬: "Alif" also.
This might cause lot of confusion to the beginners but soon you will get
used to it.

In our lessons, we will always follow the correct way of differentiating

between them as they are not the same.
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 ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﻊ ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻔﺘﹾ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺕﹲ‬‫ﹶﻜﻠ‬
Words with Fat-hah

Read, Copy and revise how to connect the letters

‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﺡ‬
 ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﻅ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﻍ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﻙ ﹶ‬
 ‫ﺡ‬
 ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﻑ ﹶ‬
‫ﹶ‬

‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﻅﹶﻠ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ل‬
َ‫ﺴ‬
‫ﻏ‬‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﹶﻜ ﹶﺘ‬ ‫ﺢ‬
 ‫ﹶﻓ ﹶﺘ‬

hasada dhalama ghasala kataba fataha

‫ل‬
َ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﻉ‬
 ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﻙ‬
 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺹ‬
 ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﻉ‬
 ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻉ‬
 ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﺝ‬


‫ل‬
َ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻋ‬
 ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﹶﻜ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺼ‬
 ‫ﹶﻨ‬ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺠ‬


3amala kasaba nasara fa3ala jama3a

‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﻱ‬
 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﻙ‬
 ‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﻍ ﹶ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﻕ ﹶ‬
‫ﹶ‬

‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻬ‬ ‫ﹶﻨ‬ ‫ﻙ‬
‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﹶﻨ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻏ ﹶﻔ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﹶﻗ ﹶﺘ‬

yabasa nahara nasaka ghafara qatala

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 ‫ﻴ ﹸﺔ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻝﹾ‬
‫ﻷِﻝ ﹸ‬
َ ‫ﺤ ﹸﺔ ﻭﺍ‬
 ‫ﺍﻝﹾﻔﺘﹾ‬
Fat-hah and Alif Maddiyyah (long vowel)

If the letter Alif ( ‫ ) ﺍ‬comes after a letter with Fat-hah (Alif is always
preceded by Fat-hah), then this Alif will be pronounced like double Fat-
hah as (a) in dad. We call it Alif Madiyyah.
- Alif Maddiyyah is the long form of Fat-hah
An Arabic word cannot start with Alif Maddiyah because Madd is like
Sukoon.

‫ﺍ(= ﺁ‬+‫)ﺀ‬ Standard

Arabic
‫ﺨﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺠ‬ ‫ﺜﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺒ‬
〈 z# Qur'aan
script

khaa haa jaa thaa taa baa 'aa

‫ﺎ‬‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﺸﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺫﹶﺍ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺩ‬

saa shaa saa zaa raa dhaa daa

‫ﻗﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﻏﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻅﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﻁﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻀ‬

qaa faa ghaa 3aa dhaa taa daa

‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻨﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻜﹶﺎ‬

yaa waa haa naa maa laa kaa

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 ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻝﹾ‬
 ‫ﻷِﻝ‬
َ ‫ﻊ ﺍ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﻊ ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻔﺘﹾ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﻭ ﹸ‬‫ﺤﺭ‬
 ‫ﻥ ﺍﻝﹾ‬
 ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻨ ﹸﺔ ﺒ‬‫ﻘﺎﺭ‬‫ﻤ‬
Comparison between letters with Fat-hah and with long vowel Alif

‫ﺥ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺡ‬
 ‫ﺝ‬
 ‫ﺙ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺀ‬
‫ﺨﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺠ‬ ‫ﺜﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺁ‬
‫ﺹ‬
 ‫ﺵ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﹶﺫ‬ ‫ﺩ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﺸﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺫﹶﺍ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺩ‬
‫ﻕ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻍ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻉ‬
 ‫ﻅ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻁ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺽ‬

‫ﻗﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﻏﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻅﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﻁﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻀ‬
‫ﻱ‬
 ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﻙ‬

‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻨﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻜﹶﺎ‬

‫ﻴﺔﹲ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺤﺔﹲ ﻭﺃَﻝﻑﹲ‬

 ‫ﻤﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﹶﻓﺘﹾ‬‫ﹶﻜﻠ‬
Words that have Fat-hah and Alif Madiyyah

‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺨﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺤ‬ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺠ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺜﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺘﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺎ ﹶ‬‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺁ‬
khaaba haama jaala thaara taaba baata 'aaba

‫ﻍ‬
‫ﺎ ﹶ‬‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺸﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺡ‬
 ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺴ‬ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺝ‬
 ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
‫ﺫﹶﺍ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺩ‬
saagha shaaha saaha zaala raaja dhaqa daana

‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﹶﻗَﺎ‬ ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺹ‬

 ‫ﻏﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺙ‬
‫ﺎ ﹶ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺀ‬ ‫ﻅﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻁﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﻉ‬
 ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻀ‬
qaada faaza ghaasa 3aatha dhaa'a taara daa3a

‫ﻱ‬
 ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﻨﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺀ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺡ‬
‫ﻻ‬ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﻜﹶﺎ‬
yaaya waala haaba naasa maa'a laaha kaala

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 ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﻑ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺩ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻜﻠ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻔﺘﹾﺤ ‪‬ﺔ ﻭﺍﻷَﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻤ‪‬ﻘﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ﹶﻨﺔﹲ ‪‬ﺒﻴ‪ ‬‬
‫‪Comparison between Fat-hah and long vowel Alif in words‬‬

‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺁ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺢ‬
‫ﻓﹶﺎ ﹶﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺢ‬
‫ﹶﻓ ﹶﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ‬ ‫ﺭ‪‬ﺍ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻊ‬ ‫‪‬ﺭ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻊ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫َﺃ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺀ‬
‫‪〈 ztΒ#u‬‬
‫‪aman‬‬
‫‪faataha‬‬ ‫‪fataha‬‬ ‫‪raafa3a‬‬ ‫‪rafa3a‬‬ ‫‪aamana‬‬
‫‪a‬‬

‫ل‬
‫ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﺘ َ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﹶﻗ ﹶﺘ َ‬ ‫ﻕ‬ ‫ﻋ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫ﺯ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻋ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫‪‬ﺯ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﻁَ‬
‫ﺒ‪‬ﺎ ﹶ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﻁَ‬
‫‪‬ﺒ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺏ‬
‫ﹶﻜﺎ ﹶﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﹶﻜ ﹶﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻙ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺀ َ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﺴَﺄ َ‬ ‫ﺱ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﺘﹶﺎﹶﻝ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﹶﺘﹶﻠ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺱ‬
‫ﻻ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﹶﻝ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ﺸﹶﺎ ﹶﺘ ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﺸ ﹶﺘ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺵ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺜﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺒ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﹶﺜ ‪‬ﺒ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺙ‬
‫ﺙ‬
‫ﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺙ‬
‫‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﺼ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺹ‬ ‫ﺠ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﺩ‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﺩ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺝ‬
‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬‬
‫ﻨﹶﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻀ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻀ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺽ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﺤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻤ َ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻤ َ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺡ‬
‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻫ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻁﹶﺎﹶﻝ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻁﹶﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻁ‬ ‫ﺝ‬
‫ﺨﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺝ‬
‫ﺨ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺥ‬
‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻅﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﻅ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻅ‬ ‫ﺩ‪‬ﺍ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻊ‬ ‫‪‬ﺩ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻊ‬ ‫ﺩ‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫ﻴ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻱ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﻋ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﻋ ‪‬ﺭ ﹶ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻉ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﺫﹶﺍ ﹺﺭ ﹸ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﹶﺫ ‪‬ﺭ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺫ‬
‫ﻕ‬
‫ﻏﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
‫ﻏ ‪‬ﺭ ﹶ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻍ‬

‫‪You should be able to continue reading without help‬‬ ‫ﷲ‬

‫ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺸﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺀ ﺍ ُ‬

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 ‫ ﹸ‬‫ﻘﹾﺼ‬‫ﺍﻷﻝِﻑﹸ ﺍﻝﹾﻤ‬
AL-ALIF- UL-MAQSOORAH ‫ﻭﺭﺓ‬
The shortened Alif

Sometimes long vowel ( ‫ ) ﺍ‬at the end of the word is written in the

shape of Yaa' without dots. You still pronounce it as an Alif ( ‫( ) ﺍ‬aa) not

as ‫( ﻱ‬ee), We call it "Al-Alif-ul-Maqsoorah" (The shortened Alif)

How would I know it is an Alif not a Yaa’?

1- It has no dots below.
2- It has no mark.
3- It is preceded by Fat-hah ‫ﺔ‬‫ﹶﻓﺘﹾﺤ‬

4- In The Qur’aan it has a small ‫ ﺍ‬on the top of it 3“.

Ex.

‫ﻰ‬‫ﻭﺴ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻴﺴ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﹶﻰ‬

 Standard
Arabic

〈 4y›θãΒ  〈 4|¤ŠÏã  〈 4’n?tã  Qur'aan

script

Moosaa 3eesaa 3alaa

www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 
 2- KASRAH
Is a small diagonal line placed below a letter and represents a short (i).
This (i) is pronounced as (i) in bin. The word Kasrah means breaking.

The mark of Kasrah ‫ﺓ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ ﹶﻜﺴ‬is down, and my mouth goes down bi

Words with kasrah ‫ﺓ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻊ ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻜﺴ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﺭﻭ ﹸ‬‫ﺍﻝﹾﺤ‬
‫ﺥ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﺡ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﺝ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﺙ‬
 ‫ﺕ‬
 ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﺀ‬
khi hi ji thi ti bi 'i

‫ﺹ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﺵ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﹺﺯ‬ ‫ﹺﺭ‬ ‫ﺫ‬ ‫ﺩ‬
si shi si zi ri dhi di

 
‫ق‬ ‫ﻑ‬
 ‫ﻍ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﻉ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﻅ‬
 ‫ﻁ‬
 ‫ﺽ‬
‫ﹺ‬
qi fi ghi 3i dhi ti di

‫ﻱ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﹺﻭ‬ ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﹺﻡ‬ ‫ل‬
ِ ‫ﻙ‬

yi wi hi ni mi li ki

‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﻌ‬ ‫ ﹺﺭ‬‫ﺢ ﻭﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻜﺴ‬

‫ﺔ ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻔﺘﹾ ﹺ‬ ‫ﺭ ﹶﻜ‬ ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﻤﺎﺕﹲ ﹺﺒ‬‫ﹶﻜﻠ‬
Words with Fat-hah and kasrah

‫ل‬
ِ ‫ﺇ ﹺﺒ‬ ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﹶﻜ ﹺﺭ‬ ‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﹶﻨ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
‫ﺨ‬‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻁ‬
‫ﺤ ﹺﺒ ﹶ‬

ibili kariha nasiya khasira habita

‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻋ‬
 ‫ﻲ‬
 ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻉ‬
 ‫ﹶﻓ ﹺﺯ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﻴ ِﺌ‬ ‫ﺡ‬
 ‫ﹶﻓ ﹺﺭ‬
3alima ya3iya fazi3a ya'isa fariha

‫ل‬
َ‫ﺨ‬
 ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺙ‬
‫ﹶﻝ ﹺﺒ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
‫ﺒ ﹺﺭ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﺴ ﹶ‬
 ‫َﺃ‬
bakhila wasi3a labitha bariqa asifa

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 ‫ﻴ ﹸﺔ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺀ ﺍﻝﹾ‬ ‫ﺭ ﹸﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﹾﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻜﺴ‬
Kasrah and yaa' Maddiyah (long vowel)
- If the letter Yaa' ( ‫ ) ﻱ‬comes after a letter with Kasrah and has no mark
over or below it, then this Yaa' will be pronounced like double Kasrah as
(ee) in beep. We call it Yaa' Madiyyah.
- Yaa' Maddiyyah is the long form of kasrah.
- An Arabic word cannot start with Yaa' Maddiyyah (Madd is like Sukoon)

‫ﻲ‬‫ﺨ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﺠﹺﻲ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﺜ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺒﹺﻲ‬ ‫ﻱ‬‫ﺀ‬

khee hee jee thee tee bee 'ee

‫ﻲ‬‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﺸ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﺯﹺﻱ‬ ‫ﺭﹺﻱ‬ ‫ﻱ‬‫ﺫ‬ ‫ﻱ‬‫ﺩ‬

see shee see zee ree dhee dee

‫ﻲ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻏ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻅ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻁ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻀ‬

qee fee ghee 3ee dhee tee dee

‫ﻳﹺﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﹺﻱ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻝِﻲ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻜ‬

yee wee hee nee mee lee kee

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 ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺀ ﺍﻝﹾ‬ ‫ﻊ ﺍﻝﹾﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺓ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻊ ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻜﺴ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﻭ ﹸ‬‫ﺤﺭ‬
 ‫ﻨ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻝﹾ‬‫ﻘﺎﺭ‬‫ﻤ‬
Comparison between letters with kasrah and long vowel Yaa'

‫ﺥ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﺡ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﺝ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﺙ‬
 ‫ﺕ‬
 ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﺀ‬
‫ﻲ‬‫ﺨ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﺠﹺﻲ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﺜ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺒﹺﻲ‬ ‫ﻱ‬‫ﺀ‬
‫ﺹ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﺵ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﹺﺯ‬ ‫ﹺﺭ‬ ‫ﺫ‬ ‫ﺩ‬
‫ﻲ‬‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﺸ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﺯﹺﻱ‬ ‫ﺭﹺﻱ‬ ‫ﻱ‬‫ﺫ‬ ‫ﻱ‬‫ﺩ‬
‫ﻕ‬
 ‫ﻑ‬
 ‫ﻍ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﻉ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﻅ‬
 ‫ﻁ‬
 ‫ﺽ‬
‫ﹺ‬
‫ﻲ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻏ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻅ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻁ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻀ‬
‫ﻱ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﹺﻭ‬ ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﹺﻡ‬ ‫ل‬
ِ ‫ﻙ‬

‫ﻳﹺﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﹺﻱ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻝِﻲ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻜ‬

Words that have long vowel Yaa' ‫ﻴﺔﹲ‬‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺕﹲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻴﺎﺀ‬‫ﹶﻜﻠ‬

‫ﺹ‬
 ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺭﺨ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺭﺤ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﺠﹺﻴ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﹶﻜﺜ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﹶﻜﺒﹺﻴ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺇِﻴ‬
rakheesa raheema rajeema katheera teena kabeera 'eemaana

‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﹶﻗﺼ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺭﺸ‬ ‫ل‬

َ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻴﺴ‬ ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﺯﹺﻴ‬
 ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﹺﻴ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﹶﻨﺫ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺩ‬
qaseera rasheeda yaseela 3azeeza reema nadheera deena

‫ل‬
َ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺽ‬
 ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻏ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻋﻅ‬
 ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻁ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﹶﻨﻀ‬
qeela feela gheeda 3eera 3adheema teeba nadeeda

‫ﻲ‬‫ﹶﻨﺎﻴ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻭﹺﻱ‬ ‫ﺏ‬

 ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺭﻫ‬ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺴﻤ‬
 ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﹶﻗﻠ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤﻜ‬
naayee raawee raheeba neela sameena qaleela makeena

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 ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﻥ ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻜﺴ‪ ‬ﹺﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﻝﹾﻴﺎ ‪‬ﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻜﻠ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻤ‪‬ﻘﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ﹶﻨ ‪‬ﺔ ‪‬ﺒﻴ‪ ‬‬
‫‪Comparison between kasrah and long vowel Yaa' in words‬‬

‫ل‬
‫ﻓ‪‬ﻴ َ‬ ‫ل‬
‫‪‬ﻓ َ‬ ‫ﻑ‬ ‫ﺭﹺﻴ ‪‬ﻊ‬ ‫ﻉ‬
‫ﹺﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺇِﻴ ﹺ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ِﺇ ﹺ‬ ‫ﺀ‬
‫ل‬
‫ﻗ‪‬ﻴ ِ‬ ‫ل‬
‫‪‬ﻗ ِ‬ ‫ﻕ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﺯﹺﻴ َ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﹺﺯ َ‬ ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺒﹺﻴ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﹺﺒ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻜ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﺭ‬ ‫‪‬ﻜ ﹺﺭ‬ ‫ﻙ‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺘ‪‬ﻴ ﹺ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﺘ ﹺ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫ﻝِﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ِﻝ ‪‬‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺸ‪‬ﻴ ﹺ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺸﹺ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺵ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺜ‪‬ﻴ ﹺ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫‪‬ﺜ ﹺ‬ ‫ﺙ‬
‫ل‬
‫ﻤ‪‬ﻴ َ‬ ‫ل‬
‫‪‬ﻤ َ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﺼ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﺭ‬ ‫ﺼ ﹺﺭ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺹ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺠﹺﻴ ﹺ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺠﹺ‬‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﺝ‬
‫ﺱ‬
‫ﻨ‪‬ﻴ ﹺ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫‪‬ﻨ ﹺ‬ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﻀ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺩ‬ ‫ﻀ ‪‬ﺩ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺽ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﺤ‪‬ﻴ َ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺡ‬
‫ﻫ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻁ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻁ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻁ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﺨ‪‬ﻴ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﺨ ﹶ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺥ‬
‫ﺵ‬
‫ﻭﹺﻴ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺵ‬
‫ﹺﻭ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﻅ‪‬ﻴ َ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﻅَ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻅ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺩ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺩ‬
‫ﻳ ِْﻴﺲ‬ ‫ِﻳ ْﺲ‬ ‫ﻱ‬ ‫ﻋ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﺭ‬ ‫ﻋ ﹺﺭ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻉ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﺫ‪‬ﻴ ِ‬ ‫ل‬
‫‪‬ﺫ ِ‬ ‫ﺫ‬
‫ﺽ‬
‫ﻏ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺽ‬
‫ﻏ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻍ‬

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 3- DAMMAH
Is a small curl placed above a letter and represents a short (u). This (u)
is pronounced as (u) in “bull “. The word Dammah means a hug.

The mark of Dammah ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻀﻤ‬

 looks like a whistle, that I blow in.
bu

‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻀ‬

 ‫ﻊ ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﺭﻭ ﹸ‬‫ﺍﻝﹾﺤ‬
Letters with Dammah

‫ﺥ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﺡ‬
 ‫ﺝ‬
 ‫ﺙ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺀ‬
khu hu ju thu tu bu 'u

‫ﺹ‬
 ‫ﺵ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﹸﺫ‬ ‫ﺩ‬
su shu su zu ru dhu du

‫ﻕ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﻍ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﻉ‬
 ‫ﻅ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﻁ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﺽ‬

qu fu ghu 3u dhu tu du

‫ﻱ‬
 ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ل‬
ُ ‫ﻙ‬

yu wu hu nu mu lu ku

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 ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﻀ‬
 ‫ﺔ ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺭ ﹶﻜ‬ ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﻤﺎﺕﹲ ﹺﺒ‬‫ﹶﻜﻠ‬
Words with Dammah
‫ﻕ‬
‫ﺭ ﹸ‬ ‫ﻁ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ل‬
ُ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ل‬
ُ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﹸﻜ ﹸﺘ‬

turuqu rusulu hurumu subulu kutubu

‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﹸﻜ ﹸﺜ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻋ‬

 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﹸﻨ ﹸﺫ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻋ‬


zuburu kuthuru 3umuru nudhuru 3urubu

‫ﻴ ﹸﺔ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻝﹾ‬ ‫ﻤ ﹸﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﹾﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻀ‬

 ‫ﺍﻝ‬
Dammah and waaw Maddiyah (long vowel)
- If the letter Waaw (‫ ) و‬comes after a letter with Dammah and has no
mark above or below it, then this Waaw will be pronounced like double
Dammah as (oo) in boot. We call it Waaw Madiyyah.
- Waaw Maddiyah is the long form of Dammah.
- An Arabic word cannot start with Waaw Maddiyah (Madd is like Sukoon)

‫ﺨﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺠ‬ ‫ﺜﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﺘﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺀ‬

khoo hoo joo thoo too boo 'oo

‫ﻭ‬‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﺸﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺫﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺩ‬

soo shoo soo zoo roo dhoo doo

‫ﻗﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻏﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻅﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻁﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻀ‬

qoo foo ghoo 3oo dhoo too doo

‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻨﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻝﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻜﹸﻭ‬

yoo woo hoo noo moo loo koo

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 ‫ﺩ ﺍﻝﹾﻭﺍ ﹺﻭ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻀ‬
 ‫ﻊ ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﻭ ﹸ‬‫ﺤﺭ‬
 ‫ﻨ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻝﹾ‬‫ﻘﺎﺭ‬‫ﻤ‬
Comparison between letters with Dammah and long vowel waaw

‫ﺥ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﺡ‬
 ‫ﺝ‬
 ‫ﺙ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺀ‬
‫ﺨﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺠ‬ ‫ﺜﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﺘﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺀ‬
‫ﺹ‬
 ‫ﺵ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﹸﺫ‬ ‫ﺩ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﺸﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺫﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺩ‬
‫ﻕ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﻍ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﻉ‬
 ‫ﻅ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﻁ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﺽ‬

‫ﻗﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻏﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻅﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻁﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻀ‬
‫ﻱ‬
 ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ل‬
ُ ‫ﻙ‬

‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻨﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻝﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻜﹸﻭ‬

‫ﻴﺔﹲ‬‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻭ‬‫ﻤﺎﺕ ﻓ‬‫ﹶﻜﻠ‬

Words that have long vowel waaw

‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺨﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺤ‬ ‫ل‬

ُ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻋﺠ‬
 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﹶﻨﺜﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﻴﺘﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺃَﻭﻝﹶﻰ‬
khooru hooru 3ujoolu nathooru yatoobu booru 'oolaa

‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﹸﻗﺼ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﹸﻗﺸﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺝ‬

‫ﻭ ﹺ‬‫ﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
‫َﺃﺫﹸﻭ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺩ‬
qusooru qushoora sooru yazooru murooji adhuqa doona

‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﹶﺘﻘﹸﻭ‬ ‫ل‬

ُ ‫ﻓﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﺹ‬
 ‫ﹶﻨﻐﹸﻭ‬ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﻌ‬ ‫ﻅ‬
‫ﺤﻅﹸﻭ ﹸ‬
 ‫ﻋﻁﹸﻭ ﹺﺭ‬
 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻀ‬
taqoodu foolu naghoosu ya3oola hudhoodhu 3utoori doora

‫ﻥ‬
‫ﻭ ﹺ‬‫ﻋﻴ‬
 ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺍﻭ‬‫ﺩ‬ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺴﻬ‬
 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﻤ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﹸﻭ ﹺﻡ‬
 ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫َﺃ ﹸﻜُﻭ‬
3uyooni dawoodu suhoola nooru yamooru 3uloomi akoona

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 ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﻀ ‪‬ﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺩ ﺒﺎﻝﹾﻭﺍ ﹺﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻜﻠ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﺍﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻤ‪‬ﻘﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ﹶﻨ ‪‬ﺔ ‪‬ﺒﻴ‪ ‬‬
‫‪Comparison between Dammah and long vowel waaw in words‬‬

‫ﻓﹸﻭ ﹺﺯ‬ ‫ﹸﻓ ﹺﺯ‬ ‫ﻑ‬ ‫ﺏ‬

‫ﺭ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺃُﻭﻝﹶﻰ‬ ‫ُﺃﻝﹶﻰ‬ ‫ﺀ‬
‫ل‬
‫ﻗﹸﻭ َ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﹸﻗ َ‬ ‫ﻕ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﺯ‪‬ﻭ ِ‬ ‫ل‬
‫‪‬ﺯ ِ‬ ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺒ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻜﹸﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﹸﻜ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻙ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﻭ ﹸ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
‫ﺴﹸ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺘﹸﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﹸﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﻝﹸﻭ ﹺﻡ‬ ‫ﹸﻝ ﹺﻡ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ﺸﹸﻭ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﺵ‬ ‫ﺜﹸﻭ ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﹸﺜ ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﺙ‬
‫ﺝ‬
‫ﻤ‪‬ﻭ ﹺ‬ ‫‪‬ﻤﺞِ‪‬‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﺼ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺹ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﺠ‪‬ﻭ َ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﺠَ‬‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺝ‬
‫ﺡ‬
‫ﻨﹸﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺢ‬
‫ﹸﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ل ﻀ‪‬ﻭ ُ‬
‫ﻀُ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺽ‬ ‫ﺤ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺡ‬
‫ﻫ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺩ‬ ‫‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﺩ‬ ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﻁﹸﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﻁ ‪‬‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﻁ‬ ‫ﺹ‬
‫ﺹ ﺨﹸﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨ ‪‬‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﺥ‬
‫ﻭ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﻅﹸﻭ ُ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﻅُ‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﻅ‬ ‫ﺩ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﺩ‬
‫ﻴ‪‬ﻭ ﹺﺭ‬ ‫‪‬ﻴ ﹺﺭ‬ ‫ﻱ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﻋ‪‬ﻭ َ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﻋَ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻉ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
‫ﺫﹸﻭ ﹸ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
‫ﹸﺫ ﹸ‬ ‫ﺫ‬
‫ﻏﺹ‪ ‬ﻏﹸﻭﺹ‪‬‬
‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﻍ‬

‫‪www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com‬‬ ‫ ‪Page‬‬

 4- SUKOON (Absence of the vowel)

This mark written on the top of the Arabic letter indicates that this letter is
not followed by any vowel’s sound (Absence of the vowel).
It is pronounced as “t” in “ant“, “b” in cobra…etc

‫ﺥ‬ ‫ﺡ‬ ‫ﺝ‬ ‫ﺙ‬ ‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺀ‬

‫ﺭ‬ .‫ﹶﻓﺦﹾ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺴ‬
 .‫ﻤﺢ‬ ‫ل‬
ُ ‫ﻤ‬ .‫ﻤﺞ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫َﺃ‬.‫ﹶﻨﺙﹾ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﻋ‬
 .‫ﻴﺕﹾ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻨ‬.‫ﹶﻨﺏ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
 .ْ‫ﺭﺃ‬
‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﹶﻓﺨﹾ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﻤﺤ‬ ‫ل‬
ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻤﺠ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﹶﻨﺜﹾَﺄ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﹾ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹶﻨﺒ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
 ْ‫ﺭﺃ‬
fakhra muhsinu mujmalu nath'aru yat3abu nabnee ra'su

‫ﻕ‬ ‫ﻑ‬ ‫ﻍ‬ ‫ﻉ‬ ‫ﻅ‬ ‫ﻁ‬ ‫ﺽ‬

‫ﺭ‬ .‫ﹶﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﺵﹾ‬.‫ﻗﺭ‬ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ .‫ﻴﺱ‬ ‫ ﹺﺭ‬.‫ﹺﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
‫ ﹶ‬.‫ﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ ﹺ‬.‫ﻋﺫﹾ‬
 ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﻴ‬ .‫ﻤﺩ‬
‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﹶﻨﺼ‬ ‫ﺵﹾ‬‫ﻗﺭ‬ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻴﺴ‬ ‫ ﹺﺭ‬‫ﹺﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
‫ ﹶ‬‫ﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻋﺫﹾ ﹺ‬
 ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻤﺩ‬
nasru qirshu yasma3u wizri barqa 3adhbi madyanu

‫ﻕ‬ ‫ﻑ‬ ‫ﻍ‬ ‫ﻉ‬ ‫ﻅ‬ ‫ﻁ‬ ‫ﺽ‬

‫ل‬
ِ .‫ﹶﻨﻕﹾ‬ ‫ﺢ‬
 ‫ ﹶﺘ‬.‫ﹶﺘﻑﹾ‬ ‫ﻓﹸﻭ‬.‫ﹶﻨﻎﹾ‬ ‫ﻝِﻲ‬.‫ﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ .‫ﺤﻅﹾ‬
 ‫ﺭﻨﹶﺎ‬ .‫ﻋﻁﹾ‬
 ‫ﻝِﻲ‬.‫ﹶﻓﺽ‬
‫ل‬
ِ ‫ﹶﻨﻘﹾ‬ ‫ﺢ‬
 ‫ﹶﺘﻔﹾ ﹶﺘ‬ ‫ﹶﻨﻐﹾﻔﹸﻭ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺒﻌ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺤﻅﹾ‬
 ‫ﺭﻨﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻁﹾ‬
 ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﹶﻓﻀ‬
naqli taftahu naghfoo ba3lee hadhru 3itrunaa fadlee

‫ﻱ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ﻙ‬

‫ل‬
ُ .‫ﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺴ‬
 .‫ﺴﻭ‬
 ‫ل‬
ُ .‫ﺴﻪ‬
 ‫ﻩ‬ .‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﻫ‬ .‫َﺃﻡ‬ ْ‫ﻫل‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ ﹶﺘ‬.‫ﻤﻙ‬
‫ل‬
ُ ‫ﺴﻴ‬
 ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﺴﻭ‬
 ‫ل‬
ُ ‫ﺴﻬ‬
 ‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﹾ‬ ‫ل‬
َ ‫ﻬ‬ ‫َﺃﻤ‬ ْ‫ﻫل‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﻤﻜﹾ ﹶﺘ‬
saylu sawsan sahlu minhu amhala hal maktaba

This is to show the way to pronounce Sukoon in the middle of a word, to stop before
the dot then to continue the word. The correct way of writing is on the next line.

www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 
How to pause on Arabic words
- An Arabic word never starts with Sukoon.
- If you pause on any word, you have to keep a Sukoon on the last letter
of the word e.g. the last letter must be 'still' (in reading) even if there is a
different mark on it (in writing).
Pausing The word
form
- ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﹶﻝ‬ – ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﹶﻝ‬
Word ending with Fat-hah or Dammah or Kasrah, we
pause with sukoon on the last letter. walad

‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﹶﻝ‬
‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬
Word ending with a long vowel, we pause on a long
vowel as well. Fee

Maa ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬
yarjoo ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﻴﺭ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻋ‬
 – ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻋ‬

Word ending with Shaddah, we pause on sukoon but
with doubling the letter. 3aduww

‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻋ‬


‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫ‬
If the last letter is a waaw without Shaddah
preceded by a Dammah, or a yaa' without Shaddah hoo
preceded by a Kasrah, we change the waaw and yaa'
to long vowels when pausing. hee ‫ﻲ‬
 ‫ﻫ‬

www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 
 5- SHADDAH
This mark written on the top of the Arabic letter indicates that the letter
should be stressed (which means to pause on the letter and then to say the
same letter with a vowel).

Shaddah can be with the Fat

Fat-hah ‫ﱠ‬ or the Kasrah ‫ﱢ‬ or the Dammah ‫ﱡ‬
Help Shaddah is repeating the letter twice without moving
the tongue: once with a sukoon and once with a vowel

1-Shaddah with Fat-h

hah

Example: when you say: what time is it?

On the first 't' there is a Sukoon and on the second there is a Fat-hah.
Fat

2- Shaddah with Kasrah

Example: when you say: Do you like hot tea?

On the first 't' there is a Sukoon and on the second there is a Kasrah.

3- Shaddah with Dammah ammah ‫و‬

Example: when you say: I like it too!
On the first 't' there is a Sukoon and on the second there is a Dammah.

‫ﺏ‬ ‫ ت( ﱠ‬with shaddah and Fat-hah) is batta = ‫ﺕ‬

 +‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺒ ﱠ‬
‫ﺏ‬
 +‫ﺕ‬
‫ﱠ‬ (‫ ت‬with shaddah and Kasrah) is batti = ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺒ ﱢ‬
‫ﺏ‬ ‫ ت( ﱠ‬with shaddah and Dammah) is battu =‫ﺕ‬
 +‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺒ ﱡ‬

(Step
Step by Step page 21)

www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 
 ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﺨ ﹺﺭ ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻜ‬
 ‫ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺁ‬
 ‫ﺓ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺸ‬
‫ﻊ ﺍﻝ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﻤﺎ ﹸ‬‫ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻜﻠ‬
Words with Shaddah at the end of the word

‫ﺏ‬
 ‫َﺃ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫َﺃ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫َﺃ‬ ‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺀ‬
full abbu abbi abba
pausal* abb abb abb

‫ﺙ‬
‫ﺒ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺙ‬
‫ﺒ ﱢ‬ ‫ﺙ‬
‫ﺒ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺙ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺒ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺒ ﱢ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺒ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
baththu baththi baththa battu batti batta

‫ﺢ‬
 ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺢ‬
 ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺢ‬
 ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺡ‬ ‫ﺞ‬
‫ﻋ‬
 ‫ﺞ‬
‫ﻋ‬
 ‫ﺞ‬
‫ﻋ‬
 ‫ﺝ‬
mahhu mahhi mahha 3ajju 3ajji 3ajja

‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺥ‬
‫ﺭ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺥ‬
‫ﺭ ﱢ‬ ‫ﺥ‬
‫ﺭ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺥ‬
saddu saddi sadda rakhkhu rakhkhi rakhkha

‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻫ ﱡﺫ‬ ‫ﻫ ﱢﺫ‬ ‫ﻫ ﱠﺫ‬ ‫ﺫ‬
sarru sarri sarra hadhdhu hadhdhi hadhdha

‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﺱ‬ ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺯ‬
hassu hassi hassa mazzu mazzi mazza

‫ﺹ‬
 ‫ﹶﻗ‬ ‫ﺹ‬
 ‫ﹶﻗ‬ ‫ﺹ‬
 ‫ﹶﻗ‬ ‫ﺹ‬ ‫ﺵ‬
‫ﺭ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺵ‬
‫ﺭ ﱢ‬ ‫ﺵ‬
‫ﺭ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺵ‬
qassu qassi qassa rashshu rashshi rashsha

‫ﻉ‬
 ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻉ‬
 ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻉ‬
 ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻉ‬ ‫ﺽ‬
 ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﺽ‬
 ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﺽ‬
 ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﺽ‬
da33u da33i da33a haddu haddi hadda

‫ﻑ‬
‫ﹶﻜ ﱡ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﹶﻜ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﹶﻜ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻑ‬ ‫ﻍ‬
‫ﺯ ﱡ‬ ‫ﻍ‬
‫ﺯ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻍ‬
‫ﺯ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻍ‬
kaffu kaffi kaffa zaghghu zaghghi zaghgha

‫ﻙ‬
‫ﺸ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻙ‬
‫ﺸ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻙ‬
‫ﺸ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻙ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
‫ﺩﱡ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
‫ﺩﱢ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
‫ﺩﱠ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
shakku shakki shakka daqqu daqqi daqqa

‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ل‬

‫ﺠﱡ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﺠﱢ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﺠﱠ‬ ‫ل‬
hammu hammi hamma jallu jalli jalla
www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 
 ‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
sahhu sahhi sahha hannu hanni hanna

‫ﻲ‬
‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻲ‬
‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻲ‬
‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻱ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﹶﻗ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﹶﻗ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﹶﻗ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
3ayyu 3ayyi 3ayya qawwu qawwi qawwa

*You should read each word once in full form keeping the last vowel (when you
continue reading after that word) and once when pausing on Sukoon by keeping
the stress (doubling the letter) on the last letter.

‫ﺩﺓﹲ‬ ‫ﺸ‬
‫ﻴﻬﺎ ﹶ‬‫ﻤﺎﺕﹲ ﻓ‬‫ﹶﻜﻠ‬
Words with Shaddah

‫ﻁ‬
‫ﺎ ﹸ‬‫ﺨﻴ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﹶﻓﻨﱠﺎ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺸ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﷲ‬
ُ ‫ﺍ‬
khayyaatu fannaanu hubba sharru Allaahu Full form
khayyaat fannaan hubb sharr Allaah Pausal form
tailor artist love evil Allaah Meaning

‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﹶﻨﺠ‬ ‫ﺱ‬

 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﺼ ﱡ‬
 ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻤ ﱠﺘﻘ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﺴﺘﱡﻭ‬

najjaaru mudarrisu saffu muttaqee sittoona
najjaar mudarris saff muttaqee sittoon
carpenter teacher row pious sixty

www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 
 PART 2
NEW LESSONS

RULES OF READING MORE THAN A WORD

1- INTRODUCTION OF THE ARABIC WORD

2- TANWEEN
3- TAA' MARBOOTAH
4- HAMZA-TUL-WASL
5- LAAM AT-TA3REEF

www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 
 1- INTRODUCTION TO THE ARABIC WORD

‫ﻴ ﹸﺔ‬‫ﺭ ﹺﺒ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﻤ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻝﹾ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻜ‬

The Arabic Word

Particle ‫ﻑﹲ‬‫ﺤﺭ‬
 Verb ٌ‫ل‬‫ﻓﻌ‬ Noun ‫ﻡ‬‫ﺍﺴ‬
Preposition
Past tense ‫ل‬
ُ ‫ﻔﻌ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬
،‫ ﺇﻝﻰ‬،‫ﻠﻰ‬‫ ﻋ‬،‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺠ‬
 ‫ﻑ‬
‫ ﹸ‬‫ﺤﺭ‬
 Human ‫ِﺇﻨﹾﺴﺎﻥ‬
..‫ ﻜـ‬، ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ، ‫ﻤﻥ‬
verb
‫ﻲ‬‫ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻀ‬
Conjunction
Present ‫ل‬
ُ ‫ﻔﻌ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬
Particle ‫ﻑ‬
 ‫ﻋﻁﹾ‬
 ‫ﻑ‬
‫ ﹸ‬‫ﺤﺭ‬
 Animal ‫ﻭﺍﻥ‬‫ﺤﻴ‬

..‫ ﻓـ‬،‫ ﹸﺜﻡ‬،‫ ﺃﻭ‬،‫ﻭ‬
tense verb
‫ﻉ‬
 ‫ﻀﺎ ﹺﺭ‬‫ﺍﻝﹾﻤ‬
Negation Command
Particle ‫ﻲ‬
‫ﻑ ﹶﻨﻔﹾ ﹴ‬
‫ ﹸ‬‫ﺤﺭ‬
 verb ‫ ﹺﺭ‬‫ﻷﻤ‬
َ‫لﺍ‬
ُ ‫ﻓﻌ‬ Solid ‫ﻤﺎﺩ‬‫ﺠ‬
‫ﻻ‬ ( imperative)
Calling
Particle ‫ﺀ‬ ‫ﺩﺍ‬‫ﻑ ﻨ‬
‫ ﹸ‬‫ﺤﺭ‬
 Plant ‫ﻨﹶﺒﺎﺕﹲ‬
‫ﻴﺎ‬

Etc. Place ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﻤ‬

Time ‫ﻤﺎﻥ‬‫ﺯ‬
Adjective ‫ﺼ ﹶﻔﺔﹲ‬

Pronoun ‫ﻴﺭ‬‫ﻀﻤ‬

Demonstrative ‫ﺓ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻡ ﺇِﺸﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺴ‬
Relative
Pronoun ٌ‫ﻭل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﻤﻭ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﺍﺴ‬
Etc.

www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 
 2- TANWEEN ‫ﻴﻥ‬
 ‫ﺍﻝﺘﻨﹾﻭﹺ‬
‫ﱠ‬
Tanween is a sound of Noon with Sukoon, that you hear at the end of
Arabic indefinite nouns, but you do not write as a letter ‫ﻥ‬. It is written in a
special way, by writing the vowel mark twice.

bintan = ‫ﹺﺒﻨﹾﺘﹰﺎ‬ bintin = ‫ﺕ‬

 ‫ﹺﺒﻨﹾ‬ bintun = ‫ ﹺﺒﻨﹾﺕﹲ‬or ×‫ﹺﺒﻨﹾﺕ‬
Tanween Tanween Kasrah Tanween
Fat-hah (Kasrataan) Dammah
(Fat-hataan)* (Dammataan)

Fat-hataan means 2 Fat-hah, Kasrataan means 2 kasrah and Dammataan

means 2 Dammah. (as if the first is the vowel and the second in for ‫) ﻥ‬
‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﹺﺒﻨﹾ ﹶﺘـﺎ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺕ‬
 ‫ﹺﺒﻨﹾ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﹺﺒﻨﹾ ﹸ‬
- Note that the Fat-hataan marks are regularly followed by an Alif,
written as the last letter in the word, but this Alif does not indicate a long
vowel except in the pausal form.

- The sound of Noon is heard only when we continue to read after that
word, but if we pause on that word, we pause on Sukoon over the last
written letter and we do not hear Noon sound of Tanween.

Full form Pausal form

(Continuing reading after that word) (Stopping on that word)

1- Dammataan –un: ‫ﹺﺒﻨﹾﺕﹲ‬ bintun bint (like in Dammah)

2- Kasrataan –in: ‫ﺕ‬

 ‫ﹺﺒﻨﹾ‬ bintin bint (like in Kasrah)

3- Fat-hataan –an: ‫ﹺﺒﻨﹾ ﹰﺘﺎ‬ bintan bintaa (different than

Fat-hah due to the long vowel Alif that is added to the end)

www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 
 ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﺨ ﹺﺭ ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻜ‬
 ‫ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺁ‬
 ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﻭﻗﹾ ﹸ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬‫ﻥ ﻭ‬
‫ﻊ ﺍﻝ ﱠﺘﻨﹾﻭﹺﻴ ﹺ‬ ‫ﻑ ﻤ‬
‫ﻭ ﹸ‬‫ﺤﺭ‬
 ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬
The letters with Tanween and how to pause at the end of the word

‫ﺎ‬‫َﺃﺒ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫َﺃ ﹴ‬ ‫َﺃﺏ‬ ‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺩﺀ‬ ‫ﺀ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺀ‬ ‫ﺀ‬
aban abin abun da'an da'in da'un full
abaa ab ab da'aa da' da' pausal

‫ﺒﺜﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﺙ‬
 ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺒﺙﹲ‬ ‫ﺙ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
 ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺒﺕﹲ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
bathan bathin bathun batan batin batun
bathaa bath bath bataa bat bat

‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﺤ‬ ‫ﺢ‬
‫ﻤ ﹴ‬ ‫ﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﺡ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﺠ‬
 ‫ﺞ‬
‫ﻋﹴ‬ ‫ﻋﺞ‬
 ‫ﺝ‬
mahan mahin mahun 3ajan 3ajin 3ajun
mahaa mah mah 3ajaa 3aj 3aj

‫ﺍ‬‫ﺴﺩ‬
 ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﺴﺩ‬
 ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﺨﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﺥ‬
‫ﺭ ﹴ‬ ‫ﺭﺥﹲ‬ ‫ﺥ‬
sadan sadin sadun rakhan rakhin rakhun
sadaa sad sad rakhaa rakh rakh

‫ﺍ‬‫ﺴﺭ‬
 ‫ﺴ ﹴﺭ‬
 ‫ﺴﺭ‬
 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﹰﺍ‬ ‫ﺫ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﹲ‬ ‫ﺫ‬
saran sarin sarun hadhan hadhin hadhun
saraa sar sar hadhaa hadh hadh

‫ﺎ‬‫ﺒﺴ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺒ ﹴ‬ ‫ﺒﺱ‬ ‫ﺱ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﻤﺯ‬ ‫ﻤ ﹴﺯ‬ ‫ﻤﺯ‬ ‫ﺯ‬
basan basin basun mazan mazin mazun
basaa bas bas mazaa maz maz

‫ﺎ‬‫ﹶﻗﺼ‬ ‫ﺹ‬
‫ ﹶﻗ ﹴ‬‫ﹶﻗﺹ‬ ‫ﺹ‬ ‫ﺭﺸﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﺵ‬
‫ﺭ ﹴ‬ ‫ﺭﺵﹲ‬ ‫ﺵ‬
qasan qasin qasun rashan rashin rashun
qasaa qas qas rashaa rash rash

‫ﺒﻁﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﻁ‬
 ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺒﻁﹲ‬ ‫ﻁ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺤﻀ‬
 ‫ﺽ‬
‫ﺤ ﹴ‬
 ‫ﺤﺽ‬
 ‫ﺽ‬
batan batin batun hadan hadin hadun
bataa bat bat hadaa had had

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 ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺩﻋ‬ ‫ﻉ‬
‫ﺩ ﹴ‬ ‫ﺩﻉ‬ ‫ﻉ‬ ‫ﹶﻨﻅﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﻅ‬
 ‫ﹶﻨ‬ ‫ﹶﻨﻅﹲ‬ ‫ﻅ‬
da3an da3in da3un nadhan nadhin nadhun
da3aa da3 da3 nadhaa nadh nadh

‫ﹶﻜﻔﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
 ‫ﹶﻜ‬ ‫ﹶﻜﻑﹲ‬ ‫ﻑ‬ ‫ﺯﻏﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﻍ‬
‫ﺯ ﹴ‬ ‫ﺯﻍﹲ‬ ‫ﻍ‬
kafan kafin kafun zaghan zaghin zaghun
kafaa kaf kaf zaghaa zagh zagh

‫ﺸﻜﹰﺎ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻙ‬
‫ﺸ‬‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺸﻙ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﻙ‬ ‫ﺩﻗﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
 ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﻕﹲ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
shakan shakin shakun daqan daqin daqun
shakaa shak shak daqaa daq daq

‫ﺎ‬‫ﻫﻤ‬ ‫ﻫ ﹴﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﻼ‬

‫ﺠﹰ‬ ‫ل‬
ٍ‫ﺠ‬ ٌ‫ﺠل‬
 ‫ل‬
haman hamin hamun jalan jalin jalun
hamaa ham ham jalaa jal jal

‫ﺎ‬‫ﺴﻬ‬
 ‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﺴﻪ‬
 ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﹶﻓﻨﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﹶﻓ ﹴ‬ ‫ﹶﻓﻥ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
sahan sahin sahun fanan fanin fanun
sahaa sah sah fanaa fan fan

‫ﺎ‬‫ﹶﻨﻴ‬ ‫ﻲ‬
‫ﹶﻨ ﹴ‬ ‫ﹶﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻱ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﹶﻝﻭ‬ ‫ﹶﻝ ﹴﻭ‬ ‫ﹶﻝﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
nayan nayin nayun lawan lawin lawun
nayaa nay nay lawaa law law

www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 
 ‫ﻬﹺﻤﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﹾﻴ‬
 ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﻭﻗﹾ ﹸ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬‫ﻥ ﻭ‬
‫ﻊ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻜﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﱠﺘﻨﹾﻭﹺﻴ ﹺ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺕﹲ‬‫ﹶﻜﻠ‬
Words with short vowels and Tanween and how to pause on them

Fat-hah Tanween Kasrah Tanween Dammah Tanween

Fat-hah Kasrah Dammah

‫ﺕ‬
‫ ﹶ‬‫ﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﺘﹰﺎ‬‫ﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
 ‫ﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
 ‫ﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ ﹸ‬‫ﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﺕﹲ‬‫ﺒﻴ‬
bayta baytan bayti baytin baytu baytun Full
form
bayt baytaa bayt bayt bayt bayt Pausal
form
house house house house house house meaning

‫ل‬
َ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺭﺴ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﻭ ﹰ‬‫ﺭﺴ‬ ‫ ﹺﺭ‬‫ﺨﻴ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ ﹴﺭ‬‫ﺨﻴ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺘﺎ‬‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﺘﺎﺏ‬‫ﻜ‬
rasoola rasoolan khayri khayrin kitaabu kitaabun Full
form
rasool rasoolaa khayr khayr kitaab kitaab Pausal
form
messenger messenger good good book book meaning

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 3 - TAA' MARBOOTAH ‫ﻭﻁﹶ ﹸﺔ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ ﺍﻝﹾﻤ‬‫ﺍﻝﺘﱠﺎﺀ‬
The Tied Taa'
- Taa' Marbootah occurs only as the last consonant of a noun.
- It is a sign of femininity in singular nouns.

- It is a combination of the letter ‫ ﺕ‬and the letter ‫ﻩ‬

Ex ‫ﺸ ﹸﺔ‬
‫ﺍ ﹶ‬‫ﺩ ﹸﺓ – ﹶﻓﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺭ‬
- If we continue the reading after a word ending with Taa' Marbootah, we
pronounce it as a Taa' ‫ﺕ‬, but if we pause on such word, we pause on
a Haa' ‫ ﻩ‬with Sukoon.

Tanween Tanween Tanween

Fat-hah Kasrah Dammah
Fat-hah Kasrah Dammah

‫ﺩ ﹶﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺩ ﹰﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺓ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺓ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺩ ﹸﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺓﹲ‬ ‫ﻭﺭ‬
wardata wardatan wardati wardatin wardatu wardatun Full form
Pausal
wardah wardah wardah wardah wardah wardah form
rose rose rose rose rose rose meaning

‫ﺠ ﱠﻨ ﹶﺔ‬
 ‫ﺠ ﱠﻨ ﹰﺔ‬
 ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﹶﻜ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﹶﻜ‬ ‫ﻼ ﹸﺓ‬‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﻼﺓﹲ‬‫ﺼ‬
jannata jannatan kalimati kalimatin salaatu salaatun Full form
Pausal
jannah jannah kalimah kalimah salaah salaah form
paradise paradise word word prayer prayer

*Notice that the long vowel Alif that comes after Tanween Fat-hah is not
written after Taa' Marbootah and that the pausal form is on Haa' Sukoon
as well.

If you fly to the next word, take the upper dots of ‫ ت‬with you
Ex. & if you stop suddenly and fall, you say oh!

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 Read ‫ﺭﺌِﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﹾ‬ / ْ‫ﺭﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﹾ‬

1- bintun jameelah. .‫ﻴﹶﻠﺔﹲ‬‫ﺠﻤ‬

 ‫ﹺﺒﻨﹾﺕﹲ‬
A beautiful girl
2- taa'iratin kabeerah. ‫ﺓ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺓ ﹶﻜﺒﹺﻴ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻁﹶﺎ ِﺌ‬
A big plane
3- khadeejatu zawjatun saalihah. .‫ﺤﺔﹲ‬
 ‫ﺎِﻝ‬‫ﺠﺔﹲ ﺼ‬
 ‫ﺯﻭ‬ ‫ﺠ ﹸﺔ‬
 ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺨﺩ‬
‫ﹶ‬
Khadeeja is a good wife

Notice that when we pause at the end of the sentences, we change the
sound of Taa' Marbootah to a Haa' with sukoon.

www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 
 4- HAMZAT-
HAMZAT-UL-
UL-WASL ‫ل‬
ِ‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺯ ﹸﺓ ﹾﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻫ‬
The connecting Hamzah
If the Alif is not carrying the sign of Hamzah, then it must be a long vowel
EXCEPT when it occurs first letter in the word.

In that case, the Alif is a Hamzah (consonant), but it is a special type of

Hamzah that is pronounced only when it is the first sound coming out
of the mouth (i.e. when you begin speaking by pronouncing that Hamzah).
This Hamzah is called 'Hamzat-ul-Wasl' ‫ل‬
ِ‫ﺼ‬
 ‫ﺍﻝﻭ‬
 ‫ﺯ ﹸﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﻤ‬ or the 'connecting
Hamzah'

- It comes only at the beginning of the word.

- It looks like long vowel Alif, but you already know that this last cannot be
at the beginning of a word, as it is a sukoon.

- In the Qur’aan it has a symbol like small ‫ ﺼـ‬on the top. (‫)ﭐ‬, but in
standard Arabic books it is free of any sign.

- This Hamzah is pronounced only at the beginning of the speech, i.e. when
no other speech sound has been pronounced immediately before it;
Otherwise, it is silent.
- If we start with the word ‫ ﺍﷲ‬we say: Allaah. (we hear the sound of
But if we start with a word before it Ex. ‫ﻙ‬
 ‫ﺯﺍ‬‫ﺠ‬
We say: Jazaka-llaah ‫ﷲ‬
ُ ‫ﻙﺍ‬
 ‫ﺯﺍ‬‫ﺠ‬ (We don’t pronounce A of the word Allaah,
we directly go from the Kaaf of Jazaaka to the letter Laam of the word
(Allaah). The Hamzah is omitted)

‫ﻥ‬
‫ ﹺ‬‫ﻥ ﺍﺜﹾ ﹶﻨﻴ‬
‫ ﹺ‬‫ﺠﻴ‬
 ‫ﺯﻭ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ ﹺ‬‫ﺍﺜﹾ ﹶﻨﻴ‬ Standard
Arabic

〈 È÷uΖøO$# È÷y`÷ρy—  〈 È÷uΖøO$#  Qur'aan

script

zawjayni-thnayn 'ithnayn
reading a word starting with
before it Hamza wasl
two pairs two meaning
www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 
 HAMZAT-
HAMZAT-UL-
UL-QAT3
QAT3 ‫ﻁ ﹺﻊ‬
‫ ﹸﺓ ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻘ ﹾ‬‫ﺯ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬
The disconnecting Hamzah
‫أ‬
-The other outspoken Hamzah ( ) at the beginning of a word, with the

diacritic on the top is called 'Hamzat-ul-Qat3' ‫ﻁ ﹺﻊ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻘ ﹾ‬
‫ﺓﹸ ﹶ‬‫ﺯ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬ or
the"Disconnecting Hamzah";that one is always pronounced, whether you
start with that word or you read a word before Ex. ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﻭ َﺃ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ Huwa Ahmad

‫ﺏ َﺃﻝِﻴ ﹴﻡ‬
‫ﻘﺎ ﹴ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫َﺃﻝِﻴ ﹴﻡ‬ Standard Arabic

〈 5ΟŠÏ9r& A>$s)Ïã  〈 5ΟŠÏ9r&  Qur'aan

script
3iqaabin aleem aleem
reading a word srarting with
before it Hamzat-ul-Qat3
painful punishment painful meaning

‫ﺭﺌِﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﹾ‬ / ْ‫ﺭﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﹾ‬

Muhammad: kayfa-l-haal? ‫ﻑ ﺍﻝﹾﺤﺎلُ؟‬

‫ ﹶ‬‫ ﹶﻜﻴ‬:‫ﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﻤ‬
How is the situation? (How are you?)
Hassan: bi-khayrin wa-l-hamdu l-illaah. .‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﺩ ِﻝﱠﻠ‬ ‫ﺤﻤ‬
 ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬‫ ﹴﺭ ﻭ‬‫ﺨﻴ‬
‫ ﹺﺒ ﹶ‬:‫ﺴﻥ‬
‫ﺤ‬
In good and thanks to Allaah.
Muhammad: ma-smuk? ‫؟‬‫ﻤﻙ‬ ‫ ﻤﺎ ﺍﺴ‬:‫ﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﻤ‬
What is your name?
Hassan: Ismee Hassan. .‫ﺴﻥ‬
‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﺴ‬ :‫ﺴﻥ‬
‫ﺤ‬
My name is Hassan

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 5-- LAAM IN AL AT-TA3REEF ‫ﺭﹺﻴﻑ‬‫ﺍﻝﻼﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝـ ﺍﻝﺘﱠﻌ‬
AT-TA3
The letter Laam that occurs in Al of Definition

1- ِ‫ﺭﹺﻴﻑ‬‫ﺍﻝﺘﱠﻌ‬ ‫*ﺍل‬ is connected to nouns to make them definite.

It is equivalent to the English word "The", but should be connected at the
beginning of the noun not separate from it as in "The"
Ex. ‫ﺕ‬
‫ ﺍﻝﹾ ﹺﺒﻨﹾ ﹸ‬- ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﹶﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬
3- The nouns that have Al of Definition cannot have Tanween. ‫ﻭﹶﻝﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬
Reading the letter Laam that occurs in Al of Definition
The letter Laam in "Al at-Ta3reef" can be read in one of two ways
depending on the letter following it:
- Pronouncing that Laam clearly.
- Omitting that Laam by inserting it in the following letter.

a- Pronouncing that Laam clearly

When that Laam precedes a noun beginning with any of the fourteen letters
in the group: ‫ﺀ ﺏ ﺥ ﺡ ﺝ ﻉ ﻍ ﻑ ﻕ ﻙ ﻭ ﻱ ﻡ ﻩ‬

That Laam can be recognized easily by the Sukoon appearing over it.

The ‫ ﻻﻡ‬in that case is called Laam Qamariyyah ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ ﹺﺭﻴ‬ ‫ ﻻﻡ ﹶﻗ‬from ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫( ﹶﻗ‬moon)
due to the first letter ‫ ﻕ‬that is one of the previous fourteen letters

‫ﺍﻝﹾﻐﹶـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﹾﻌ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾﺨﹶـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﹾﺤ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﹾﺠ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﹾﺒ‬ ‫ﻷ‬

َ‫ﺍ‬
al-gha al-3a al-kha al-ha al-ja al-ba al-'a

‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﹾﻴ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﹾﻬ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﹾﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾﻜﹶـ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾﻘﹶـ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾﻔﹶـ‬

al-ya al-wa al-ha al-ma al-ka al-qa al-fa

*Al of definition is starting with Hamzat-ul-Wasl

www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com Page 
 ‫ﺭﺌِﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﹾ‬ / ْ‫ﺭﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﹾ‬

‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﻝﹾ ﹸﻐﺭ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺨﻴ‬
‫ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺠ‬
‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬ ‫ل‬
ُ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺠ‬
 ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ ﹸ‬‫ﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬ ‫ﻠﹶﻰ‬‫ﻷﻋ‬
َ‫ﺍ‬
al-ghuraab al-3arab al-khayr al-hajar al-jamal al-bayt al-'a3laa
The crow The The good The The The girl The
Arabs stone camel highest

‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﹶﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬ ‫ﻯ‬‫ﻬﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬ ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﻤﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﻜﺘﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻘ‬ ‫ل‬
ُ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻝﹾﻔ‬
al-yawm al-walad al-hudaa al-mawz al-kitaab al-qamar al-feel
The day The boy The The The The The
guidance banana book moon elephant

b- Omitting that Laam by inserting it in the following letter:

When that Laam precedes a noun beginning with any of the remain
fourteen letters of Arabic
‫ت ث د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ل ن‬
The ‫ ﻻﻡ‬in that case is called Laam Shamsiyyah ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺴﻴ‬
 ‫ﺸﻤ‬
‫ ﻻﻡ ﹶ‬from ‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﺸﻤ‬
‫( ﹶ‬sun)
due to the first letter ‫ﺵ‬ which is one of the previous fourteen letters.

‫ﺍﻝﻨﱠـ‬ ‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻝ ﱠﺫ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺜﱠـ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝ ﱠ‬
an-na az-za ar-ra adh-dha ad-da ath-tha at-ta

‫ﺍﻝﻠﱠـ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻅﱠـ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻁﱠـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﻀ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﺼ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﱠـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﺴ‬

al-la adh-dha at-ta ad-da as-sa ash-sha as-sa

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 ‫ﺭﺌِﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﹾ‬ / ْ‫ﺭﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﹾ‬
‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﱡﻭ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ ﹸ‬‫ﺯﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﹾ‬ ‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺭ ﹸﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝ ﱡﺫ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻝﺩ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
 ‫ﺍﻝ ﱠﺜﻭ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﺍﻝ ﱠﺘﻭ‬
an-noor az-zayt ar-raqm adh-dhurah ad-deen ath-thawb at-tawheed
The The oil The The The The The
light number corn religion dress monotheis
m
‫ل‬
ُ ‫ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻴ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻅﻔﹾ‬
‫ﺍﻝ ﱡ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﺍﻝﻁﱢﻴ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
 ‫ﺎﻝﱢﻴ‬‫ﺍﻝﻀ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ ﹸ‬‫ﺼﻭ‬
 ‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﺸﻤ‬
‫ﺍﻝ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﺍﻝﺴ‬
al-layl adh-dhufr at-teen ad-daalleen as-sawt ash-shams as-samaa'
The The The The The The The
night nail clay misguided sound sun sky

Ayyaamu-l-usboo3 ‫ﻭﻉ‬
‫ﺒ ﹺ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﺍﻷ‬
ُ ‫ﺎﻡ‬
 ‫ﻴ‬ ‫َﺃ‬
Days of the week

‫ﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺜﱡﻼﺜﹶﺎ‬ ‫ﻥ‬

‫ ﹺ‬‫ﺍﻻﺜﹾ ﹶﻨﻴ‬ ‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺤ‬
‫ﻷ‬
َ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ ﹸ‬‫ﺴﺒ‬
 ‫ﺍﻝ‬
ath-thulaathaa' al-ithnayn al-ahad as-sabt
Tuesday Monday Sunday Saturday

‫ﻌ ﹸﺔ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺠ‬

 ‫ﺍﻝﹾ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
 ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺨﻤ‬
‫ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﹺﻌﺎ‬‫ﻷﺭ‬
َ‫ﺍ‬
al-jumu3ah al-khamees al-arbi3aa'
Friday Thursday Wednesday

A word with Hamzatu-l-wasl and Laam shamsiyyah

‫ﺱ‬
‫ﻙ ﺍﻝﻨﱠﺎ ﹺ‬
 ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﱠﺎ ﹺ‬ Standard Arabic

Qur'aan
〈 Ĩ$¨Ψ9$# Å7Ï=tΒ  〈 Ĩ$¨Ψ9$#  script

maliki-nnaas an-naas
reading a word starting with
before it Hamza wasl
The king of the The people meaning
people

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