1.

BOTANICAL NAME
Argyrela speclosa Sweet. (Plate No. 1).
2. FAMILY
Convolvulaceae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Lettsomia nervosa Roxb.;
Argyreia nervosa (Burin. f.) Bojer.
4. URDU NAME
Samandarsotha.
5. REGIONAL NAME (S)
Bengali- Bichtarak;
Hindi- Samandark-apat, Samandarsokh, Sainudrasokh;
Sanskrit- Samudrapatra, Samudrasosha;
Sindhi- Samudrapolaka, Kantro;
Pushto- Goamlay.
6. UNANI / TIBBI NAME
Samandar Sokh.
7. ENGLISH NAME
The Elephant Creeper, Small Wood-rose, Silver Morning-glory.
8. HABITAT
Cultivated as an ornamental plant in Sindh and multan.
9. DESCRIPTION
A very large climber with stout, white tomentose stem. Leaves are cordate, acute, glabrous about
18-30cin long. Flowers rose purple and glabrous present in subcapitate cymes; peduncles long,
stout, white-tomentose; bracts large ovate-lanceolate; pedicels short, white - tomen tose; sepals
ovate to bi-oadly ovate. Fruit 2cm long subglobose, apiculate. Seed dark to light brown, glabrous.
10. i. PARTS USED
Leaves, root and seeds.
ii TASTE
Seeds-tasteless; Root-bitter.
iii TEMPERAMENT
Cold 2, Moist 1.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Plant flowers from April to September. Fruits, mature by January.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
Seeds are collected from mature and dry fruit.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Tannin and ainber-coloured acid resin, fatty-oil.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Tal-makhanalAsteracanthe (Asteracantha longifolia Nees syn. Hygrophila spinosa T. Anders);
Tukhum SarwalilFrench Merzygold (Celosia argentea Linn.) .
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Roots- Alterative, tonic Leaves- Maturative, absorptive, rubefacient: and antiphlogistic. Seeds-
Diuretic, aphrodisiac, sedative.
ii THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Root- used in rheumatism, diseases of the nervous system, synovitis and syphilis.Leaves- used
as emollient-.poultices for wounds, and in skin diseases. Seeds- Powdered seeds are used in
diseases of the urinary tract. Show significant hypotensive and spasmolytic activity.
16. DOSES
3-5 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Honey; sugar and milk.
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Hab Nashat; Hab Asgand.
19. ASTROLOGY
NIL.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Bambusa arundinacea Willd. /Retz. (Plate No. 2).
2. FAMILY
GramineaelPoaceae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Bambusa bambos Druce. ; Arundo bambos Liriii.
4. URDU NAME
Tabasheer.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Arabic- Tabasheer;
Persian- Bansalc)chan, Tabashir;
Bengali- Bansalochan;
Pushto-Tabashir;
Sindhi- Tabashir.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Tabasheer.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Thorny Bamboo, Bamboo Manna(the siliceous secretion).
8. HABITAT
It is cultivated from the Ravi Eastwards.
9. DESCRIPTION
Bamboos are characterized by woody pointed stems called culins. These grow 24-30m high in
clumps on a stout root stock; nodes are prominent wi th transversesepta between internodes which
are upt:o 45cm long; also have branchless arranged alternately in dense clusters. Leaves are 18-
20cm by 3cm, linear or linear lanceolate, glabrous. Inflorescence an enormous panicle
often occupying the whole stem; branchless bearing loose clusters of pale, sube?rect,
lanceolate, acute, glabrous spikelets. The profusely produced seeds are grains 5 – 8mm long,
oblong with a groove on one side.
Tabasheer or banslochan is a siliceous secretion present in the culms of various species of
bamboos. It is in the foi-in of fragments or masses, chalky, translucent or transparent, bluish-white
or of the colour- of pumice.
10. i-PARTS USED
Tabasheer (Bamboo Manna), the siliceotis secretion found in the culms of bamboos. Leaves.
ii-TASTE
Tabasheer - tasteless.
Leaves - sour, acrid or bitter.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Col d 2, Dry 2.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Flowers gregariously once in nearly 30 years and produces an abundant crop of grains.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
Banslochan is a chalky, translucent or transparent, bluish-white silicec) us
secretion found in bamboo culms in the form of fragments. It is the dry residue of the sap
present in the hollow internodes.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Tabasheer contains silicic acid, traces of ron, calcium, alum and alkalies, potash, choline, diastatic
and emulsifying enzyme, cyanogenetic glucoside.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Sumaq/Sumach(Rhus coriaria Linn.); Khurfah,
Kulfa/Purslane(Portulaca oleracea Linn.);
 Tukham kasni/Endives (Cichorium intybus Linn.).

15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE

i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Leaves-anthelmintic, emnenagogue. Bamboo Manna (tabashir)- aphrodisiac, cooling tonic,
cardiac tonic, refrigerant, astringent.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Leaves-Beneficial as an eye wash, in piles, biliousness, gonorrhoea, fever. bamboo Mana
(Tabasheer) - Is used in asthma, cough, debilitating diseases, diarrhoea, tuberculous bronchitis,
leprosy.
16. DOSES
1-3 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Shehad/Honey; Mastagi/Mast:ic (Pistacia lentiscus Linn.); Zafran/Saffron (Crocus sativus Linn.),.
Unnab/Jujube (zizyphus vulgaris Lam.).
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Hab-e-Tabasheer; Jawarish Tabasheer; c,afoof Satgilo; Hab-e-Taoon; Jawahar Mohra; Jawarish
Ood Mulayyin.
19. ASTROLOGY
Saturn.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Borago offlclnalls Linn. (Plate No. 3).

2. FAMILY
Boraginaceae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Onosma bracteatum Wall.
4. URDU NAME
Gaozaban.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Hindi- GOjihva; Bengali- Gaozaban, Kashmir-
Kazabun; Arabic- Taharatul sanulshur,
Lasanulsaur; Persian- Gaozaban; Pushto-
Gaozaban.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Lisan-al-Saur.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Borage, Beebread, Bee Plant.
8. HABITAT
Baluchistan, Quetta, Naraikotal, N. W. F. P.
9. DESCRIPTION
30-60cm high hispid annual or biennial, erect plant. Is mainly cultivated but also grows wild on
wasteland. Flowers blue or purple, trumpet- shaped are symmetrical and grow in loose forked
cymes at intervals on the stem; calyx consists of five separate, green linear-lanceolate sepals
which exhibit a prominent mid-rib, flat base, acute apex and the surface is covered with prominent
hairs; corolla is star shaped and composed of five blue petals which are ovate-lanceolate in
shape and measure icm in length. Leaf is simple, obovate or ovate in shape, 10-15cm in length
and 5-8cm wide with an obtuse apex and crenate margin. The surface is hirsute. Upper leaves are
sessile or shortly stalked and silky white beneath, while the lower ones exhibit a decurrent petiole,
have a dark-.green upper surface with a greyish-green lower surface due to the prickly
hairs. Leaves have a cucumber like taste and odour. Nutlets ovoid rough 4mm, acute.
10. i-PARTS USED
Dried leaves and flowers.
ii-TASTE
Leaves-Cucumber like, acrid. Flowers-Tasttless.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Hot 10, Moist 1.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
The plants occur during November to January.

12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION

Plants are uprooted, washed and flowers separated. These are then dried under
shade. Leaves are removed from the dried plants.
13. CONSTITUENTS
i) Leaves- Acetic, lactic and malic acids, alkaloid, mucilage, pentoses,resin, cynogenic
material, vitamin C. Potassium nitrate, calcium oxalate.
ii)Flowers- Carbohydrates, proteins, tannins, calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, sodium.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Gul-e-surkh/Rose(Rosa dainascena Mill.); Badranjboya/Mountain Balm (Melissa parviflora Benth.);
Kasni/Chicory, Succory (Cichorium intybus Linn.); Balchhad/Valerian (Nardostachys jatamansi
DC.).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Expectorant, demulcent, diaphoretic, cardiac tonic, refrigerant:, alterative, diuretic, emollient,
febrifuge, laxative.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Relieves restlessness in fevers, functional palpitation of heart, irritation
of bladder and stomach. Is used in bronchial asthma, jaundice, dry cough, cold, catarrh,
rheumatism, syphilis, leprosy and urogenital ailments.
16. DOSES
i) Leaves- 4-6 g.
ii) Flowers- 5-7g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Sandal Sufaid/Sandalwood(Santalum albwn Linn.);
Murabba Halela (Terminalia chebula RE?tz.)
Sumaque/Sumach(Rhus parviflora Roxb.).
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Khameera Abresham Sada,. Arq-e-Gaozaban; Khameera Gaozaban Ambari Jawaharwala;
Khameera Gaozaban Ambari Jadwar Ood Salibwala.
19. ASTROLOGY
Moon.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Butea monosperma Lam. (Plate No. 4).
2. FAMILY
Leguminosae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Butea frondosa Koenig ex Roxb.
4. URDU NAME
Plaspapra, Tesu.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Bengali- Palas; Hindi- Tesu, Dhak, Palas,. Persian- Palah; Punjabi- Chichra, Sanckrit-Palasha,
Sindhi- Khalas papari; Pushto-Kammarkas.
6. UNANI / TIBBI NAME
Palas, Dhak, Tesu, Chenia Gond.
7. ENGLISH NAME
The Flame of the Forest, Butea Gum Tree. (The gum is known as Bengal Kino or Butea Kino).
8. HABITAT
N.W.F.P and as far as Jhelum in Punjab.
9. DESCRIPTION
A deciduous tree with the crooked gnarled trunk, 3-5m in height; bark bluish-grey to light-
brown. Leaves 3- foliate; leaflets leathery, hairy on the underside, terminal ones broad obovate
 whereas the lateral smaller, obliquely obovate. Flowers bright orange -red, large and in dense
racemes; stalk dark brown velvety. Calyx velvety jet black in colour. Pendulous pod containing a
sinqle seed.

10. i-PARTS USED

Gum, seeds, leaves and flowers.
ii-TASTE
Acrid.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Dry 3, Hot 3
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
The tree flowers and fruits during March- May.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
The bark of the tree yields a red juice which exudes from natural or artificial scars. This hardens
into a ruby -red vitreous gum which is collected.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Gum contains tannin and gallic acid mucilaginous matter, pyrocatechin.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Gond Kikar / Gum Acacia (Acacia arabica Willd.).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Gum-Astringent, viscositic, avoricious, desiccative, tonic.
Seeds-Anthelmintic.
Leaves -Astringent.
Flowers-Astringent, diuretic, depurative, aphrodisiac.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Gum is useful in chronic diarrhoea, back-aches, piles; is a tonic for liver useful in chest and lung
diseases, syphilis.
16. DOSES
1-3 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Katira / Tragacanth (Sterculia urens Linn.); Gulab / Rose (Rosa damascena Mill.); Sandal /
Sandalwood (Santalum album Linn.).
18. FORMULATION(S)
Hab Deedan; Sufuf Silane Raham.
19. ASTROLOGY
Saturn.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Calotrop.is procera (Ait.) R.Br. (Plate No. 5).
2. FAMILY
Asclepiadaceae.-
3. SYNONYM(S)
Calotropis hamiltoni; Asclepias procera Willd.
4. URDU NAME
Aak, Madar.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Arabic- Ochar, Osher; Burma- Mayopin; Hindi-Ag, Ak, Akada, Madar, Safedak; Bengali- Akanda,.
Punjabi- Ak, Shakarallighal, Shakarulushar; Sindhi- Ak; Persian- Khark; Sanskrit- Arka, Pushto-
Spalmay.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Ushar, Aak.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Swallow - wart.
8. HABITAT
It is found in Sindh, lower Baluchistan, Kurram, N.W.F.P and Punjab.
9. DESCRIPTION
 A 1.8-2.5m high erect shrub; young parts covered with white cotton-like tomentum; bark soft,
corky, spongy. Leaves subsessile, normally 5.7-15cm by 4.5-8.5cm, broadly ovate, ovate oblong,
elliptic or obovate, with a short abrupt acumination, cottony pubescent when young, at length
glabrous. Flowers in umbellate cymes which are at first tomentose, but becoming nearly
glabrous, buds globose calyx glabrous, sepals ovate, acute; corolla glabrous divided about two-
third of the way down, lobes normally erect, ovate, acute. Seeds 6 by 4mm., broadly ovate, acute,
flattened, narrowly margined, minutely tomentose, light brown in colour.,
10. i-PARTS USED
Root bark, leaves, flowers, latex.
ii-TASTE
Slightly bitter.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Hot 3, Dry 3.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Grows throughout the year and flowers from September to February.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECI'ION
Root Bark~ The root bark from old plants is selected for medicinal purposes. The thick, corky
epidermis is removed before reducing the root bark to a powder. Leaves- Usually collected when
the plant flowers and healthy leaves are plucked off and shade dried.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Resins, proteins, alkaloids. Leaves contain terpenoid, resin, glycosides, carbohydrates,
calotropin, calotropagenin, calactin, aluminium, iron, calcium, magnesium, sodium.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Jamalghota / Croton Seeds (Croton tiglium Linn.) .
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOiGICAL ACTION(S)
Rubefacient, expectorant, resolvent, sedative, emetic, aphrodisiac, laxative, anthelmintic.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Root Bark- valuable as remedy in skin diseases, dysentery. Used to cure piles, cough, asthma,
inflammation, ascites. Flowers- cure piles, asthma. Are given in cholera, colds, coughs,
indigestion. Leaves- are applied hot as poultice onto the stomach to relieve pain; also used as a
cure for sprains, headache and other pains,. tincture used in intermittent fevers.
16. DOSES
i) Bark- 5-10 g.
ii) Dry Leaves- 0.25-1 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Kalimirch / Pepper(Piper nigrum Linn.); Roghan-e-zard / Butter oil, Milk.
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Hab-e-Gul-e-Aak; Roghan Haft-e-Burg.
19. ASTROLOGY
Saturn.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Carum bulbocastanum W. Koch. (Plate No. 6).
2. FAMILY
Umbelliferae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Carum nigrum Royle; Bunium persicum (Boiss) Febtsch.
4. URDU NAME
Kala Zira.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Arabic~ Kamun; Bengali- jira; Hindi- Shah Zirah, Kala Zirah, Kashmir- Gunyun; Pushto-Tura
Zankay; Persian- Kamun Karmani.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
zira Siah.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Black Caraway, Bulbous Caraway.
8. HABITAT
A common plant in the dry arid regions of Gilgit, Baltistan, Chitral, Swat, Hazara, N.W.F.P and
Baluchistan.
9. DESCRIPTION
A 15cm tall glabrous herb. Root tuberous. Leaves 2-3 pinnate, lower petiolate, upper
sessile. Rays 6-16, 3.8cm long, unequal; pedicels 3-4 times longer than flowers. Flowers white,
petals lmm long. Fruit 3-4mm dark brown with prominent thin ridges; furrows 1-
vittate; vittae large.
10. i-PARTS USED
Seeds.
ii-TASTE
Bitter, pungent.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Hot 2, Dry 30.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Is cultivated in the plains as a winter crop whereas in hilly areas as a summer crop.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
In summer the fruit: bearing parts of the mature plants are trimmed and dried.
.13. CONSTITUENTS
Essential Oil.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Zeera Safaid / Cumin (Cuminum cyminum Linn.).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Carminative, bitter, astringent, stomachic, diuretic, expectorant.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Used as a digestive and in flatulence increases appetite, cures hiccough.
16. DOSES
3-5 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Kateera / Tragacanth (Sterculia urens Roxb.)
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Jawarish Kamoni.
19. ASTROLOGY
Mars.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Carum coptlcum Benth. & Hook. f. (Plate IVo. 7).
2. FAMILY
Umbelliferae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Trachyspermum ammi Linn; Ptychotis ajowan DC.
4. URDU NAME
Ajwain.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Arabic- Kamun-e-maluki; Bengali- Jowan, Juvani; Hindi - Ajowan, Ajwain; Kashmir- Jawind;
Persian- Nankhwah; Pushto- Saparkay,. Sanskrit- Ajamoda; Sindhi- Jowan.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Ajwain.
7. ENGLISH NAME
The Bishop’s Weed, Lovage Fruit-Omum, Ajava Seeds.
8. HABITAT
Grows widely in Pakistan. Is commonly cultivated in Kurram, N.W.F.P. Punjab.
9. DESCRIPTION
 An erect annual herb about 1m high, glabrous or minutely pubescent. Leaves rather distant, 2-
3pinnate. Bracts many, linear, divided. Flowers white in colour and in umbels. Fruit dark
brown, ovoid, about 2mm, dorsally compressed and with distinct ridges.
10. i-PARTS USED
Fruits / Seeds.
ii-TASTE
Bitter, pungent.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Hot 3, Dry 3.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Seeds are sown from October to November. Flowers appear between February to May and fruits
from May to June.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
On ripening of the fruits during April - May the plants are cut, dried and the fruit, removed by
thrashing.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Essential oil containing thymol, p-cymene, a-pinene, a- t:erpinene, dipentene, carvacrol, protein,
fat, carbohydrates, tannins, glycosides, calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium, potassium,
thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, carotene.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Zira Siah / Caraway (Carum carvi Linn.); Kalonji / Black Cummin(Nigella sativa Linn.).
15 ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Carminative, stimulant, tonic, antispasmodic.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
The fruits are used in stomach disorders like diarrhoea indigestion, flatulence. Are also useful in
melancholia, palpitation, weakness of heart, stomach and brain. Used in atonic dyspepsia, colic,
cholera.
16. DOSES
3-5 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Dhaniya / Coriander(Coriandrum sativum Linn.);
Unnab / Jujube(Zizyphus vulgaris Linn.).
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Tiryaq- i -Faruq; Jawarish Zar’uni Sada; Jawarish Shehr Yaran; Jawarish Mastagi Kalan; Hab
Asgand; Hab Hiltit; Sufuf Dama; Sufuf Muhazzil.
19. ASTROLOGY
Mars.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Cassia fistula Linn. (Plate No. 8).
2. FAMILY
Leguminosae / Caesalpiniaceae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Cassia rhombifolia Roxb. Hort. Beng.
4. URDU NAME
Amaltas.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Hindi- Amaltas, Girimalah; Bengali- Sundali, Amaltas; Arabic- Khayarshambar; Chinese- A Pole,
Koui Hoa Ts’ in, Tch' ang ko chou; Persian- Khayarshambar; Pushto- Khalas-palay, Sanskrit-
Aragwavadha, Suvarnaka, Rajataru; Sindhi- Chamkani.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Khiyarshambar, Amaltas.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Indian Laburnum, Purging Cassia.
8. HABITAT
 A tree commonly planted in gardens throughout Pakistan. Grows in Swat and Hazara eastwards
ascending to 4,000 ft.
9. DESCRIPTION
A moderate sized 6-10m deciduous tree; branches slender, pubescent at the extremities. Leaves
up to 45cm long; leaflets 4-8 pairs, ovate, bright green above,pale beneath. Flowers large,
scented, bright yellow, in long, drooping racemes. Pods shining dark brown cylindrical pendulous,
upto 60cm long and 1.5-3cm indiameter with numerous seeds embedded in black, sweet pulp
separated by transverse portion. Seeds broadly ovate 8mm long 5mm thick.

10. i-PARTS USED

Fruit pulp, root-bark, seeds, leaves, flowers.
ii-TASTE
Pulp-sweet; Flowers-bitter acrid with flavour; Seeds-sweetish oily.
iii-TEMPERAMENT

Hot 1, Moist 1.

11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE

The tree flowers from March-June. The fruit ripens in the cold season.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
The pods grow on the tree for most part of the year. They are picked on ripening. The pulp is
obtained by heating the pods and then breaking them open.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Mucilage, pectin, hydroxymethyl anthraquinones, phlobaphene, aloin, barbaloin, emodin, sugar,
glycosides, phenolics, proteins, resins, tannins, aluminium, calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium,
sodium.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Taranibeen / Manna (Fraxinus ornus Linn.); Tarbad / Turpeth (Operculina turpethum Linn.).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Root bark, seeds and leaves are purgative. Fruit is cathartic, antipyretic, dernulcent. Flowers
cooling, astringent.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Pulp of the fruit is a safe laxative for children and pregnant women; externally is applied for gout,
rheumatism, snake bite. Leaves in the form of paste are used externally in skin diseases. Bark
and leaves, mixed are useful in pustules, ringworm, insect bite, facial paralysis and
rheumatism. Powdered seeds are used for inducing emesis. Root is
useful in fever, biliousness, leprosy, syphilis.
16. DOSES
25-50 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Mastagi / Mastic (Pistacia Lentiscus Linn.);
Anisoon / Anisi (Pimpinella anisum Linn.);
Roghan-e-Badam / Almond Oil (Prunus amygdalus Batsch.).
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Laooq sapistan Khayar Shambari, Majun Kalkalanj; Laooq Ab Naishakar Wala; Zimad Sumbul-Ut-
Teeb.
19. ASTROLOGY
Jupiter.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Citrullus colocynthls Schrad. (Plate No. 9).
2. FAMILY
Cucurbitaceae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Cucumis colocynthis Linn.
4. URDU NAME
Indrayan.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Bengali & Hindi - Indrayan, Makhal; Arabic- Hanzal, Hanzil, Aulqam; Persian- Kavistetalk,
Kharbuza- talkh; Punjabi- Tumbi, Ghurumba; Baluchistan- Kurkushta; Lasbela- Darwawal,
Kherengiriri; Sibi- Marghuni, Truh, SindhiTrujogosht, Trujopar; Zhob- Maraghuna; Sanskrit-
Indravaruni, Mahendravaruni, Mahaphala; Pushto- Maraghonae.
6. UNANI / TIBBI NAME
Hanzal.

7. ENGLISH NAME
Colocynth; Bitter Apple.
8. HABITAT
Grows commonly in desert areas. Is common in Sindh, Baluchistan, Lasbela, Bolan, NWFP,
Punjab, Attock.
9. DESCRIPTION
An annual or perennial herb; stem prostrate or climbing, slender, angled, branched;
tendrils simple, slender with hair. Leaves pale green in colour above whereas greyish on the
underside, 3-7 lobed. Flowers pale yellow in colour. Fruits smooth, spherical, about 8cm in
diameter, green when young turning yellow on ripening. Seeds brownish, ovate, numerous,
contained in soft, spongy, bitter pulp, epicarp is thin.
10. i-PARTS USED
Dried pulp of the fruit, root.
ii-TASTE
Bitter.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Hot 4, Dry 2.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Grows wild in sandy and arid regions. The plant flowers and fruits from September to October.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
Pulp of the unripe fully grown fruit, from which the rind has been removed, is dried.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Colocynthin, colocynthetin, citrullol, elatrin, elatericin B, dihydroelatericin B, colodynthetin, pectin,
gum.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Saccmonia / Scammony Resin (Convolvulus scammonia Linn.); Kala- dana (Ipomoea hederacea
Linn.).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Drastic hydrogogue-cathartic, diuretic, in large doses emetic, gastro-intestinal irritant and in small
doses it is an alterative and expectorant.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Dried Fruit Pulp- Is extensively used as a drastic purgative, also in biliousness and intestinal
parasites. Root-used as purgative, in jaundice, ascites, biliary diseases, rheumatism.
16. DOSES
1-2 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Kateera / Tragacanth (Sterculia urens Roxb.);Roghan Badam / Almond Oil (Prunus amygdalus
Batsch.).
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Hab-i-Ayarij; Itrifal-i-Deedan.
19. ASTROLOGY
Mars.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Cordia latifolia Roxb. (Plate No. 10).
2. FAMILY
Boraginaceae / Cordiaceae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Cordia dichotoma Forst. F.; Cordia obliqua willd.; Cordia myxa Roxb.
4. URDU NAME
Lasora.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Arabic- Dabak, Dabk; Bengali- Bahubara, Bohari, Buhal, Chhotobohnari; Hindi- Bhairala, Bhokar,
Chhotalasora, Gondi, Lasora; Persian- Sapistan, Suqpistan;Punjabi- Laswara; Sanskrit- Bahuvara,
Shlesh malaka, Selu; Sindhi- Giduri, Lesuri; Pushto- Lasora.

6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Sapistan, Dabk, Babak.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Sebestan Plum.
8. HABITAT
Mirpur, Billawar.
9. DESCRIPTION
A small to medium sized tree with glabrous branchless. Leaves glabrous, entire or dentat:e are
elliptic lanceolate to broadly ovate. Flowers are small, white in colour in glabrous cymes. 1-2 cm
long shining fruit, yellowish brown, pink or nearly black when ripe; one seeded.
10. i-PARTS USED
Fruit.
ii-TASTE
Sweet.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Moderate 1.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Flowers appear between January to April and the fruits from May to July.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
The fruits are picked and dried when fairly ripe.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Pulp-Sugar, mucilage. Bark-Cathartin.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Khatmic / Marshmallow (Althaea officinalis Linn.).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Anthelmintic, purgative, demulcent, expectorant, pectoral, diuretic, astringent.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Used in biliousness, chronic fever; diseases of the chest, urinary tract, spleen; for joint pains. Is
also useful in bronchitis, pneumonia and phthisis.
16. DOSES
9-15 fruits.
17. CORRECTIVE(S),
Unnab / Jujube (Zizyphus vulgaris Linn.),
Gul-e-Surkh / Rose (Rosa damascena Mill.).
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Laooq-e-Sapistan, Looq-e-Sapistan Khiyar Shambri; Sufuf Habis; Dayaquza.
19. ASTROLOGY
Jupiter.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Coriandrum sativum Linn. (Plate No. 11).
2. FAMILY
Umbelliferae; Apiaceae.
3., SYNONYM(S)
NIL.
4. URDU NAME
Dhania.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Hindi – Dhanya; Bengali - Dhane; Arabic - Kusbara; Persian- Kishniz; Sanskrit- Kustumbari,
Dhanyaka; Sindhi- Dhano; Pushto- Dhania.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Kazbura.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Coriander.
8. HABITAT
Cultivated extensively throughout the hills and plains of Pakistan.

9. DESCRIPTION
An annual aromatic herbaceous plant 30-40cm high. Leaves alternate, pinnatifid or
decompound, leaf base auricular. Pinnules oblong, narrow, obtuse. Inflorescence of white flowers
in terminal compound umbel, involucel usually of 3 short linear lanceolate bracts. Fruits are 2 -
3.5mm in diameter, yellow to brownish in colour, globular and consist of two halves.
10. i-PARTS USED
Fruits.
ii-TASTE
Spicy, acrid.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Cold 2, Dry 2.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Sowing time varies in different parts of the country. It takes 3-4 months for the crops to mature.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
The plants are up-rooted when the fruits are ripe. These are then dried and thrashed to collect the
fruit.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Flavonoids, fixed oils, glycosides, proteins, amino acids, reducing sugars, resins, saponins,
steroids / triterpenes, volatile oils, salts of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Tukhum Kahu / Lettuce Seeds (Lactuca sativa Linn.); Khashkhash / Poppy Seeds (Papaver
somniferum Linn.).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Carminative, exhilarant, refrigerant, diuretic, stomachic, aphrodisiac stimulant, laxative.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
The fruits are used in stomach disorders like diarrhoea, indigestion, flatulence. Are also useful in
melancholia, palpitation, weakness of heart, stomach and brain. Appetite stimulant.
16. DOSES
Powder- 5 to 7 g; Oil- 1 to 4ml.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
.Egg, Honey, Lemon Juice.
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Itrifal Zamani; Jawarish Shahi; lt:rifal Kishneezi; itrifal Muqawwi-e-Dimagh; Raughan-e-
Kishneez; Arq-e-Amber; Qurs-e-Tabasheer Qabiz.
19. ASTROLOGY
Saturn.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Cuminum cyminum Linn. (Plate No. 12).
2. FAMILY
Umbelliferae / Apiaceaea.
3. SYNONYM(S)
NIL.
4. URDU NAME
Zirah Safaid.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Arabic- Kamun Abyaz; Hindi- jira, Zeera; Bengali- Jira; Persian- Zira; Punjabi Zira-Sufaid,. Sindhi-
Zero, Sanskrit- jiraka Ajaji, Ajmoda, jira; Pushto- Aspina Zankay.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Zirah Safaid.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Cumin.
8. HABITAT
Is found in Baluchistan, Loralai, Kurram, Chitral, Gilgit.

9. DESCRIPTION
A small slender herb attaining the height of nearly 30cm. Stem branched, angular or
striated. Leaves bluish green twice or thrice 3-partite. Flowers white or rose coloured, umbels
compound. Fruits grey in colour 0.5cm long, apex and base tapering, compressed laterally with
ridges.
10. i-PARTS USED
Fruits.
ii-TASTE
Spicy, bitter.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Hot 2; Dry 2.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Seeds are sown from end February to early March or for the second crop at the end of October to
middle of December. The plants bear. fruit within 2-3 months of sowing.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
The plants are ready for harvesting when the fruit ripens but is still green. The plants are allowed
to dry for 2 to 3 days and then thrashed to separate the seeds.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Volatile oil containing cumaldehyde, proteins, carbohydrates, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamins
A & C.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Zira Siah / Caraway(Caruin carvi Linn.).
15 ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Stimulant, carminative, stomachic, astringent.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Is useful in diarrhoea and dyspepsia. In cold and phlegmatic diseases, enlarged spleen.
16. DOSES
3-5 g.
17. CORAECTIVE(S)
Kateera / Tragacanth (Sterculia urens Roxb.).
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Majoon Bawasir; Sufuf Hazim; Sufuf Chutki; Arq Hazim; Arq Zirah; Jawarish Mastagi.
19. ASTROLOGY
Mars.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Curcuma longa Linn. (Plate No. 13).
2. FAMILY
Zingiberaceae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Curcuma domestica valeton.
4. URDU NAME
 Haldi.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Arabic - Auruk-e-safur, Kurkum, Auruk-e-sabaghin, Auruk-e-sufr, Zarsud; Bengali- Haldi, Pitras;
Hindi- Haldi; Chinese- Chiang Huang; Persian- Darzardi, Zardchubah; Punjabi- Haldar, Halja,
Haldi; Sanskrit- Haldi Haridra; Sindhi- Heed; Pushto- Curcaman.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Zardchob.
7. ENGLISH NAME,
Turmeric.
8. HABITAT
Is cultivated in the N. W. F. P., Haripur, Hazara.
9. DESCRIPTION
60cm - lm high perennial herb with a short stem. Flowers grow in spikes 10-15cm long with pale
green bracts. Rhizomes are thick, large, ovoid and orange colored. Leaves are tufted and very
large.
10. i-PARTS USED
Root.
ii-TASTE
Bitter.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Hot 2, Dry 3.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Planted in April-August and the crop is ready for harvesting within 9-10 months.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
Raw brownish-yellow turmeric is dug up with hand picks, freed from adhering dirt and fibrous
roots. Broken into pieces and then cured and polished. The process of curing and polishing
involves boiling in water till the rhizomes soften, cooling gradually and drying in the open. Dried
rhizomes are rubbed on a rough surface to give them colour and polish.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Crystalline colouring matter curcumin, curcumoids, essential oil, protein, fat, carbohydrates,
carotene, calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Majitha / Madder (Rubia cordifolia Linn.); Ambhaldi / Mango Ginger (Curcuma amada Roxb.).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Is a bitter, carminative, maturant, diuretic, stomachic, blood purifier, antiseptic, antiparasitic, tonic.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Has been found useful in respiratory diseases like bronchitis, bronchial asthma, affections of the
liver and jaundice, urinary discharges. is applied externally to scabies, sprains, wounds and
bruises.
16. DOSES
1-2 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Turanj / Citron (Citrus medica Linn.); Lemon Juice.
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Hab Haldi, Marham Jadwar, Sunun Zard; Roghan Surkh, Hab Narkachur.
19. ASTROLOGY
sun.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Emlica officinalis Gaertn. (Plate No. 14).
2. FAMILY
Euphorbiaceae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Phyllanthus emblica Linn.
4. URDU NAME
 Anwala.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Arabic- Amlaj; Bengali- Amlaki, Amla; Persian- Amla, Amuleh; Hindi- Amala, Aonla; Punjabi- -
Amla, Ambal; Kashmiri- Anola; Sanskrit- Adiphala, Dhatriphala, Amalaka; Sindhi - Ariwara; Pushto-
Amlay.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Amlaj, Amla.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Emblic Myrobalan, Indian Gooseberry.
8. HABITAT
it is wild in the foothills from Hazara and Rawalpindi districts eastwards, ascending to 4500 ft. Also
cultivated in the plains.

9. DESCRIPTION
E. officinalis is a small or medium sized deciduous tree; bark smooth greenish grey. Leaves light
green feathery with small, narrowly oblong, linear pinnate leaflets. The flowers are greenish
yellow. The fruit 1.3cm in diameter is globose, fleshy and obscurely 6-lobed; is green when tender
turning to light yellow or brick-red on ripening. Seed trigonous.
10. I-PARTS USED
Fruit.
ii-TASTE
Acrid and sour.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Cold 2, Dry 3.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Flowers appear during summer from March to May whereas the fruits ripen in winter.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
The fruits are picked from October to April, dried and stored.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Fruit is a rich source of vitamin C. Contains tannin, protein, fat, minerals like calcium, phosphorus,
ferrous, nicotinic acid.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Choti Har / Chebulic Myrobalan (Terminalia chebula Retz.)
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Fruit is astringent, refrigerant, diuretic, laxative, aperient.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Fruit is useful in chronic diarrhoea, dysentery, haemorrhage, anaemia, jaundice, dyspepsia. Is
used as a heart and brain tonic.
16. DOSES
3-10 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Shehad / Honey; Raughan Badam / Almond Oil (Prunus amygdalus Batsch.).
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Sharbat Amla; Muraba Amla; Jawarish Amla; Jawarish Shahi; Atraiphal; Majun Mundi, Majun
Kalan.
19. ASTROLOGY
Saturn.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Ferula foetida Regel. (Plate No. 15).
2. FAMILY
Umbelliferae; Apiaceae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Ferula asafoetida Linn; F.alliacea; F. narthex Boiss. F.; F.scorodosma Bentley.; Narthex
asafoetida Falc.; Scorodosma foetidum Bunge.
4. URDU NAME
Anjdon, Hing.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Arabic- Haltit, Hiltut; Chinese- A Wei, O Oui; Bengali- Hingra; Kasmir-Anjudan; Persian- -
Angadana, Anguza, Anguzeh; Sanskrit- Agudaganadha, Balhika, Bhutari, Hingu; Pushto- Inja;
Sindhi- Vaghayani, Vagharni; PunjabiHing; Baluchistan- Hinghi, Hinga, Ushi; Kashmir- Yang.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Hilteet, Anguza.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Asafoetida.
8. HABITAT
Baluchistan, Noshki, Zarghun and Harboi Hills.
9. DESCRIPTION
Perennial herb. Leaves 2-4 pinnatifid or 2-4 pinnate, lower leaves 30-60 cm. Umbels
compound. Flowers yellow often polygamous petals ovate, obtuse or emerginate. Fruit orbicular
or ellipsoid, much compressed dorsally. Seed much dorsally compressed, inner surface plane.
10. I-PARTS USED
Gum-resin.
ii-TASTE
Bitter and acrid.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Hot 4, Dry 2.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Just before flowering of the plant at the end of March.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
A slice is cut off from the top of the root stock. A thick gummy reddish substance appears in
irregular lumps upon the exposed surface; this exudate is scrapped off in spring and placed in a
leather bag.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Resin- ferulic acid, umbelliferone, asaresinotannols, farnesiferols A, B, C. Gum-glucose,
galactose, L-arabinose, rhaninose, glucuronic acid, volatile oil, valeric acid, traces of vanillin.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Jausheer / Galbanum (Ferula galbaniflua Boiss.)
Tukhum Gajar / Seeds of Carrot (Daucus carota Linn.);
Zeera / Cumin (Cuminum cyminum Linn.).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Antispasmodic, stimulant, carminative, aphrodisiac, anthelmintic.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Is useful in colic, cholera, pneumonia, bronchitis, nervous disorders like hysteria.
16. DOSES
400mg.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Zarishk / Berberry (Berberis aristata DC.);
Anisoon / Anisi (Pimpinella anisum Linn.);
Kateera / Tragacanth (Sterculia urens Linn.).
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Hab Hiltit; Sufuf Barq.
19. ASTROLOGY
Mars.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Ficus carica Linn. (Plate No. 16).
2. FAMILY
Moraceae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
NIL.
4. URDU NAME
Anjir.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Bengali&Hindi- Anjir; Arabic- Teen; Pushto- Anzir; Sanskrit- Anjira.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Teen, Anjeer.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Fig.
8. HABITAT
A native of Asia Minor. Is frequently cultivated upto 5000 ft. in Baluchistan and to 4000 ft. in
Hazara.

9. DESCRIPTION
A tree of moderate size, 4-9m high. Leaves have 3-5 lobes. Flowers hypanthodium. Fruits are
axillary pear-shaped, of various sizes and usually whitish-red or blackish-brown in colour.
10. i-PARTS USED
Fruits.
ii-TASTE
Sweet.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Hot 1, Moist 2
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Receptacles : January to April
Ripe Fruit : June to October
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
The fruit is collected when it drops from the tree. At this stage it is nearly three-fourth dry.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Glycosides, proteins, amino acids, resins reducing sugar, triterpenes / steroids,tannins, fixed oils,
potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, phosphorus, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, ascorbic
acid.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Badam / Almond (Prunus amygdalus Batsch.);
Mawiz / Grape (Vitis vinifera Linn.);
Pista / Pistachio Nut (Pistacia vera Linn.).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Attenuant, concoctive resolvent, emollient, demulcent, laxative, nutritive, diuretic.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Fruit is useful in liver and spleen diseases, inflammation, chest pain, epilepsy, asthma, phlegmatic
diseases, constipation, paralysis, piles. Milky juice from fresh green fruit destroys warts.
16. DOSES
Dry Anjir up to 32 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
For fresh Anjir- Sikanjbeen (vinegar Honey drink) and Sharbat Turanj (Citrus medica Linn.) For dry
Anjir- Akhrot / Walnut (Juglans regia Linn); Satar (Zataria multifolia Boiss.), Anisoon / Anisi
(Pimpinella anisum Linn.).
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Sharbat Anjir; Sharbat Zoofa Murakkab; Sharbat Sadar; Majun-e-Anjir; Majun-e-Qurtum.
19. ASTROLOGY
Jupiter.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (Plate No. 17).
2. FAMILY
 Umbelliferae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Anethum foeniculum Linn.; Foeniculum capillaceum Gilib.; F. officinale All.
4. URDU NAME
Saunf.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Arabic- Raziyanaj, Bengali- Mauri, Panmuhori; Chinese- Huai Hsiang; Hindi- Barisaunf, Saunf,
Sonp Sont; Persian- Badiyan; Sanskrit- Shatapushpa, Madhurika; Pushto- Kagah. Sindhi-Saunf.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Badiyan.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Fennel, Finkel, Sweet Fennel.
8. HABITAT
Widely cultivated throughout the plains of Pakistan.

9. DESCRIPTION
Is a biennial or perennial herb with erect branched stems. Leaves 2-4 pinnate with narrow, linear
or subulate segments. 15-20 rayed large umbels of yellow flowers. Fruit greenish brown about
0.5cm long with prominent ridges.
10. i-PARTS USED
Fruit.
ii-TASTE
Bitter sweet.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Hot 3, Dry 2.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Is a market-garden cold weather crop sown in October. Flowers between March-April.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
The crop is harvested from April to May. The plants are cut while still in a green condition and left
on the ground in the shade to dry.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Essential oil, anethole, anisaldehyde, anisic acid, camphene, fenchone, limonene,
phellandrene, pinene, pentosan, pectin, trigonelline, choline, iodine, aluminium, copper, lithium,
manganese, vitamin A.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Tukhum Karfus / Celery Seed (Apium graveolens Linn.).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
I-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Carminative, stimulant, aromatic, stomachic, diuretic, galactagogue, emmenagogue, purgative.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Used to improve eye sight; in diseases of the spleen, chest, kidney; useful in flatulence, .cough,
,headache, asthma, inflammation and amenorrhoea.
16. DOSES
5-7 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Lemon Juice; Sandal / Sandalwood(Santalum album
Linn.); Dhaniya / Coriander (Coriandrum sativum
Linn.); Kafur / Camphor(Cinnamomum camphora Nees.).
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Jawarish Raziana, Jawarish Kone; Arq-e-Badian; Laooq Motadil; Qurs Mulayyin; Suf uf Kishrteezi;
Roghan Badiyan; Ruh-e-Badiyan.
19. ASTROLOGY
Mars.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. (Plate No. 19)
2. FAMILY
 Leguminosae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
NIL.
4. URDU NAME
Mulhethi.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Arabic- Asalussus; Bengali- Yashti- madhu; Chinese- Kan Ts’ao; Hindi- Mulhatti; Persian-
Bikh-e-mahaka; Punjabi- Muleti, Pushto- Khogawalgy, Pishin / Quetta- Khwazha, Malkhuzi;
Sanskrit- Madhuyashti, Madhuka, Sindhi-Mithikathi.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Mulethi.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Liquorice, Sweetwood.
8. HABITAT
Is found in Baluchistan-Sibi Quetta; grows wild in Sindh, N.W.F.P.

9. DESCRIPTION
A 90-150cm high perennial plant. Lanceolate leaflets, acute or obtuse. Flowers pale blue to
purplish-blue in loose racemes. Flat, straight, oblong and many seeded Pods. Root stock is large
and bears numerous long roots.
10. i - PARTS USED
Root.
ii-TASTE
Sweet and slightly bitter.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Ho t 2, Dry 1.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
The plants are ready for uprooting in Autumn. Flowers in late summer.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
The plants are pulled out from the soil from the end of September to October. The roots are cut
into pieces and dried.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Glycyrrhizin, asparagin, sugar, starch, acid resin, gum, mucilage, phosphoric, sulphuric, malic
acids, potassium, calcium and manganese.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Kateera/Tragacanth (Sterculia urens Roxb.), Anjir /Fig (Ficus carica Linn.).
15 ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Demulcent, expectorant, laxative, tonic, emollient, emmenagogue, diuretic.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Used in genito-urinary diseases, sore-throat, scorpion stings, diseases of the bladder, liver. A
remedy for cough and lung complaints. Relieves , vomiting, asthma,bronchitis, abdominal colic.
16. DOSES
3-7 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Gul-e-Surkh / Rose (Rosa damascena Mill.);
Kateera / Tragacanth (Sterculia urens Roxb);
Unnab/ jujube (Zizyphus vulgaris Linn.).
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Sharbat-e-Aijaz; Laooq-e-Sapistan; Laooq-e-Amaltas; Jawarish Asalussus; Laooq Nazli; Sufuf
Lodh; Dawa-i-Sandal, Hab Awaz Kusha.
19. ASTROLOGY
Mars.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Gossypium herbaceum Linn. (Plate No. 19).
2. FAMILY
 Malvaceae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Gossypium obtusifolium Roxb.; G. wightianum Tod.
4. URDU NAME
Binola.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Arabic- Hubulkatan; Bengali- Kapas Beejee; Persian- Panbadana; Sindhi- Kakra; Sanskrit- Karpas;
Pushto- Pamba.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Qutr, Pamba, Binola.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Cotton Seeds.
8. HABITAT
Cultivated throughout Punjab, N.W.F.P, Baluchistan.
9. DESCRIPTION
A biennial or triennial plant with branching stems, 60-180 cm high. Green twigs, petioles and
peduncles are dotted with glands; the stems are purplish. Leaves are prominently cordate and cut
half across into 3, 5, 7, broad ovate lobes. Stipules are long and linear. Proliferous inflorescence
with two or- more yellow flowers having purple spots in the centre. Capsule splits open when ripe
and contains white tuft surrounding the seeds.
10. i-PARTS USED
Flowers, leaves, roots, seeds.
ii-TASTE
NIL.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Hot 2, Moist 2.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
During summer when the cotton pods ripen.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
On ripening the pods are collected by hand and the cotton is separated from the seeds by ginning.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Seeds-Quercetin, betaine, choline, carbohydrates, proteins, calcium, phosphorus, iron, thiamine,
riboflavin, niacin.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Tukhum Keekar/Seeds Acacia (Acacia arabica Willd.); Tukhum Kurtum/Seeds of Wild Saffron
(Cathamus tinctorius).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Seeds are demulcent, laxative, expectorant, aphrodisiac, galactagogue, diuretic, resolvent.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Used as nervine tonic to fatten the body, to relieve headache, to procure abortion. Tea of seeds is
used for bronchitis, diarrhoea, dysentery and haemorrhage.
16. DOSES
5-9 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Khamira Banafsha (Viola odorata Linn); Sharbat Banafsha; Sugar.
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Majun Ard Khurma, Majun Murraweh-ul-Arwah; Majun Pumba -Dana; Majun jiryan Khas; Majun
Sa’lab.
19. ASTROLOGY
Sun.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Llnn. (Plate No. 20).
2. FAMILY
 Malvaceae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
NIL.
4. URDU NAME
Gurhal.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Arabic- Anghara; Bengali- Jiwa, Joba Juwa; Burmese- Kaungyan; Chinese- Ch’uan Chin, Fu Sang;
Hindi- Jasum, Jasut, Gurhal; Sanskrit- Joba; Sindhi- Rooh-e-Dhan, Gohrawal; Persian- Angharee-
hind, Pushto- Gurhal.
6. UNANI / TIBBI NAME
Gurhal, Gudhal.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Shoe Flower, China Rose, Chinese Hibiscus.
8. HABITAT
Found throughout Pakistan. Grown as a garden, ornamental plant.
9. DESCRIPTION
An evergreen 2-3 m shrub having stem without prickles. Short petioled ovate leaves; entire near the base
serrated at the apex, both sides glabrous. Pedicels long, corolla tubular, petals bright - red, staminal tube
extending far beyond the petals.
10. i-PARTS USED
Flowers.
ii-TASTE
Tasteless and mucilaginous.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Moderate, Cold 1, Moist 1.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Flowers from April to September.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
Flowers are collected during the flowering .period and dried.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Mucilage, the glycoside hibiscin, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C, iron, cyanidin.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Baad Mushk/Musk Willow (Salix caprea Linn).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDIC'INE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Cardiac stimulant, sedative, thirst quencher, demulcent, emollient, emmenagogue, refrigerant,
aphrodisiac.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
The mucilaginous infusion prepared from petals is given in fevers as a refrigerant and demulcent in
coughs, in cystitis, strangury and other irritable conditions of the genito urinary tract.
16. DOSES
5-7 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Misri / Sugar; Filfil Siah / Black Pepper (Piper nigrum Linn.)
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Sharbat Gurhal.
19. ASTROLOGY
Moon.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Illicium verum Hook. F. (Plate No. 21).
2. FAMILY
Magnoliaceae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
NIL.
4. URDU NAME
 Badian-e-Khatai.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Arabic- Badian-e-Khatai, Raziyanje-Khatai; Hindi- Anasphal; Persian- Badian-e-Khatai; Sindhi-
Vadaf; Pushto- Badian-e-Khatai.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Badian-e-Khatai.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Star Anise, Chinese Anise, Badiana, Anisa Stellata.
8. HABITAT
North West Frontier Province.
9. DESCRIPTION
An evergreen tree 3 to 5m high. Leaves entire. Flowers yellow or purple in colour, bi-sexual, 9-
petalled or more with about six sepals. Fruit star shaped dark brown in colour with eight boat:-
shaped carpels. Seeds oval shining blackish-brown, hard.
10. i-PARTS USED
Fruit.
ii-TASTE
Sweet and aromatic.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Hot 2, Dry 2.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Cultivated on the hill slopes.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
Ripe, dry fruit is collected.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Essential oil, resin, tannin, anisic acid, a bitter principle, trans-anethole, estragole, phellandrene,
alpha-terpineol, hydroquinone.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Javitri / Mace (Myristica fragrans Houtt.).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Reported to be carminative, stomachic, antiseptic, expectorant, stimulant, diuretic, anodyne,
lactagogue.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Relieves flatulence, colic. Also used as an adjuvant to cough mixtures as expectorant.
Folk remedy for cholecystitis, colic, constipation dyspepsia, hernia,insomnia, lumbago,
rheumatism, toothache.
16. DOSES
3-5 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Badian / Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.).
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Arq Ma'ul Laham Ambari Ba Nuskha Kalan.
19. ASTROLOGY
Jupiter.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Linum usitatissimum Linn. (Plate No. 22).
2. FAMILY
Linaceae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Linum trimervium Roth.
4. URDU NAME
Alsi.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
 Arabic- Bazarul Kattan; Bengali- Tisi, Masina; Persian- Bazrak, Tukhumizaghira; Punjabi&Hindi-.
Alsi, Tisi, Sanskrit- Uma, Badgandha, Atasi; Pushto- Alsi; Kashmir- Keun.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Katan.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Linseed, Common Flax.
8. HABITAT
Is a common crop of the plains and hills upto altitudes of 6000 ft Is cultivated as a commercial
crop in Punjab and Sindh.
9. DESCRIPTION
Is an annual herb mostly cultivated but: also found growing on wastelands. Bears blue or white
flowers. Capsule is globose and consists of five carpels each containing two seeds which are
flattened, elongated, ovoid having an acute edge; these have glossy polished surfaces and are
brown in colour.
10. i-PARTS USED
Seeds.
ii-TASTE
Tasteless and mucilaginous.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Dry 1, Hot 1.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Sown in plains from October to November whereas in hilly areas in the month of February. Is
ready for harvesting from mid March to end April.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
The plants are cut alongwith the pods and are left to dry in the open for a few days. The seeds are
separated from the rest of the plants by beating the dried pods.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Fixed oil, mucilage, protein, wax, carbohydrates, sugar, glycoside linamarin, phosphates of
potassium, magnesium and calcium, carotene, thiamine, riboflavin niacin, pantothenic acid,
choline, vitamin E.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Hulba / Fenugreek Seeds (Trigonella foenum graecum linn.).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINEI-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Seeds are emollient, digestive, aphrodisiac, demulcent, expectorant, diuretic, astringent.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Poultice made from seeds is recommended for application on gouty and rheumatic
swelling, inflammations, tumors. Seed infusion is . used in pharyngitis, cough problems, for
inflammation conditions of the intestinal colon and the urinary tract e.g. colitis
and cystitis. Soothes conjunctivitis.
16. DOSES
5-10 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Kushniz / Coriander (Coriandrum sativum Linn.); Lemon-Juice.
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Laooq Motadil; Laooq Zeequn-Nafs; Laooq
Kattan; Kairuthee Bazarul Kattan,. Majun Mobahee Antaki,. Marham Dakhliyun,. Sharbat
Sadar; Sufuf Muqliyasa.
19. ASTROLOGY
Moon.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Melia azadirachta Linn. (Plate No. 23).
2. FAMILY
Meliaceae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Azadirachta indica A. Juss.
4. URDU NAME
 Neem.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Arabic&Persian- Neeb; Baluchistan,Bengali, Hindi&Punjabi- Nim. Sindhi- Nimuri; ChineseXoan
dau; Sanskrit- Nimba, Arishta; Pushto- Neem.
6. UNANI / TIBBI NAME
Neem.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Morgosa Tree, Indian Lilac, Pakistani Lilac.
8. HABITAT
Grows luxuriantly in all parts of the country.
9. DESCRIPTION
A large evergreen tree. Leaves 20-25 cm long, dark green. bipinnate; leaflets 9-15, serrate, sub-
opposite and unequal at the base. White flowers, scented, grow in bunches and are
hermaphrodite; five-lobed Calyx and five petalled. Staminal tube cylindrical and shorter than the
petals. Fruit a drupe, yellow when ripe; one seeded.
10. i-PARTS USED
Leaves, flowers, stem, bark, seeds.
ii-TASTE
Bitter.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Cold 1, Dry 2.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Flowers in March, fruit ripens in June.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
Fresh green leaves are collected during the rainy season when the growth is luxuriant.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Margosin, a crystalline principle, tannic acid, azadirachtin, meliantriol, nimbin, salannin.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Bakain / Persian Lilac (Melia azedarach Linn.).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Leaves are anthelmintic, maturant, resolvent, aphrodisiac, carminative, expectorant,
insecticidal, antiseptic.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Leaves lessen inflammation, ear-.ache, rheumatism. Heal wounds, boils, syphilitic
sores, inflammation, useful in blood impurities, piles, leucoderma, lumbago. Decoction of the
leaves relieves nasal problems, stomatitis and gum infections, ulcers and eczema.
16. DOSES
6-10 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Shehad / Honey; Filfil Siah / Black Pepper (Piper nigrum Linn.).
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Hab-e-Bawaseer; Hab Narkachur; Hab Siyah Chashm; Majoon Dard-e Raham; Arq Murakkab;
Marham Neem.
19. ASTROLOGY
Jupiter.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Melia azedarach Linn. (Plate No. 24).
2. FAMILY
Meliaceae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Melia sempervirens Sw.
4. URDU NAME
Bakayan.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
 Arabic- Ban; Baluchi- Bakain; Bengali- Ghoranim, Mohanim; Chinese- Lien Chou, Hindi- Bakain,
Drek; Persian- Azadedarakhat; Phushto- Bakyana; Punjabi- Bakain; Sanskrit- Akshadru,
Mahanimba; Sindhi- Bakayun, Drek; Pushto- Bakaina.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Ban; Bakayan.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Persian Lilac.
8. HABITAT
Is common throughout Pakistan, along roadsides, in gardens and grows upto an elevation of 5000
ft.
9. DESCRIPTION
A tree attaining the height of 10-12m. Leaves pinnate, ovate or lanceolate, serrate, glabrous on
the upper and lower surface. Fragrant lilac flowers. Drupe ellipsoid globose with four seeds.
10. i-PARTS USED
Fruit, flowers, leaves.
ii-TASTE
Bitter.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Ho t 2, Dry 2.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Flowers appear around March. The tree fruits in May.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
The fruits are collected when nearly ripe and dried.
13. CONSTITUENTS
An alkaloid azaridine, resin, tannin, bakayanin, meliotannic acid, benzoic acid, margosine,
bakayanic acid.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Tuj / Cassia Lignea (Cinnamomum cassia Blume.);
Javitri / Mace (Myristica fragrans Houtt.);
Majeeth / Maddar (Rubia cordifolia Linn.).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE;
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Deobstruent, resolvent, alexipharmic, tonic.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Used in leprosy and scrofula.
16. DOSES
7 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S
Anisoon / Anisi (Pimpinella anisum Linn.).
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Hab Narkachur; Hab Mussafi Khun; Hab-e-Bawaseer; majoon Dard-e-Raham.
19. ASTROLOGY
Sun.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Mentha arvensis Linn. (Plate No. 25).
2. FAMILY
Labiate.
3. SYNONYM(S)
NIL.
4. URDU NAME
Podina, Pudina.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Arabic- Naanai -hindi; Bengali - Podina; Chinese- Po Ho; Hindi- Pudinah, Pudina; Persian-
Pudinah; Punjabi- Pudinah; Sanskrit- Pudina; Sindhi- Phudnah.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
 Pudina.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Mint, Marsh Mint, Corn Mint.
8. HABITAT
Azad Kashmir, N.W.F.P, Baluchistan, Punjab.
9. DESCRIPTION
An erect, slender, hairy or glabrous fragrant perennial herb 15-30cm high. Leaves roundly ovate,
acute or subobtuse, toothed, hairy, shortly petiolate or sessile. Flowers ellipsoid slightly keeled,
pale yellow.
10. i-PARTS USED .
Leaves, flowering tops and stems.
ii-TASTE
Aromatic, somewhat bitter.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Hot 2, Dry 2.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Propagated from January to February.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
Can be harvested thrice a year-in June. September and November.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Essential oil, stearoptin, menthol peppermint, camphor, d- carvone, carvene, d- sylvestrine and
citronellol.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Gandana / Shallot (Allium ascalonicum Linn.).
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Aromatic, carminative, stimulant, antispasmodic, stomachic, emmenagogue refrigerant, diuretic.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Is useful in diseases of the liver and spleen, joint pains, jaundice, asthma and in vomiting.
16. DOSES
3-6 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Kateera / Tragacanth (Stercula urens Roxb.).
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Majun Nankhwah; Majun Fotinji, Majun Sangdana Murgh; Majun Khadar; Majun Baladur; Lubub
Kabir; Laooq Motadil; Qurs Podina; Arq Hazim; Arq-Podina; Zimad Ushuq; Sikanjbin Nana; Sufuf
Nana; Ruh-e-Podina.
19. ASTROLOGY
Mars.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Moringa oleifera Lam. (Plate No. 26).
2. FAMILY
Moringaceae.
3. SYNONYM(S)
Moringa pterygosperma Gaertn.
4. URDU NAME
Sohanjna.
5. REGIONAL NAME (S)
Bengali- Sojna; Chinese- La Ken; Hindi- Segva, Shajna, Soanjna; Punjabi- Soanjna; Pushto- -
Sohanjna; Sanskrit- Sobhanjana; Sindhi- Sohanjro.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Sahanjana.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Indian Horseradish, Drumstick Tree..
8. HABITAT
 Cultivated from Rawalpindi eastwards; also in Sindh.
9. DESCRIPTION
A fairly large tree with a corky grey bark. Roots are pungent with yellowish soft porous wood; bark
light brown externally, white internally, thick, soft andreticulated. Leaves 3-pinnate, pinnae
and pinnules opposite, deciduous. Flowers white, fragrant, grow in large puberulous panicles
which are produced in abundance twice or thrice a year; petals spathulate and veined. Pods about
30cm long, 9- ribbed. Seeds three angled.
10. i-PARTS USED
Flowers, roots, fruit, seeds.
ii-TASTE
Bitter-sharp, acrid.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Hot 3, Dry 3.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
Flowers from February to April. Fruiting takes place during May - June.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
Flowers are collected on blooming and dried.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Fresh root contains an antibiotic pterygospermin; alkaloids moringine, moringinine. Flowers
contain an amorphous base.
14. SUBSTITUTES
NIL.
15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Root- Abortifacient, carminative, diuretic, stimulant, stomachic, anthelmintic, astringent,
cardiac and circulatory tonic. Flowers Stimulant, tonic, diuretic cholagogue, anthelmintic,
expectorant.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Root-Prescribed for intermittent fever, epilepsy, hysteria. Is considered valuable as a rubefacient,
in palsy, chronic rheumatism. Also used for dental caries, sore mouth and throat, enlarged liver. Its
tincture is used as an antispasmodic. In fainting, giddiness, nervous debility. Also recommended
for ascites. Flowers- Stated to increase the flow of bile, cure biliousness, bronchitis.
16. DOSES
20 g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
vinegar.
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Murakab-ul-Khuva.
19. ASTROLOGY
Mars.

1. BOTANICAL NAME
Myristica fragrans Houtt. (Plate No. 27).
2. FAMILY
Myristicaceae.
3. SYNONYM (S)
Myristica officinalis Linn.
4. URDU NAME
Jaiphal.
5. REGIONAL NAME(S)
Arabic- Jouzbawwa; Bengali- Jaiphal; ChineseJou Tou K'ou; Hindi- Jaiphal; Persian- Jauzibuya;
Punjabi- Jaiphal; Sanskrit- jatiphalam, Sindhi- jafar,. Pushto- Zaphal.
6. UNANI/TIBBI NAME
Jaiphal.
7. ENGLISH NAME
Nutmeg.
8. HABITAT
Cultivated near the sea-coast.
9. DESCRIPTION
An evergreen tree 5-15m high with greyish-brown smooth bark. Leaves pale – yellow brown,
elliptic oblong or lanceolate, acuminate. Flowers bract:eolate,ellipsoid. Fruit ovoid, subglobose.
10. i-PARTS USED
Seed Kernels.
ii-TASTE
Bitter.
iii-TEMPERAMENT
Ho t 2, Dry 2.
11. PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE
The tree bears fruit at the age of 6-7 years and remains productive for 30-40 years.
12. PROCEDURE & TIME OF COLLECTION
The fruit is harvested by means of a barb on a long stick. The seeds are separated and dried
for 3-6 weeks first in the sun and then over slow fire on gratings. Seeds are cracked to remove
kernels.
13. CONSTITUENTS
Fat, phytostearin, starch, amylodextrin, protein, colouring matter, saponin, calcium, iron,
phosphorus. Volatile oil contains eugenol, d- pinene, d-camphene, 1-terpineol, geraniol,
myristicin, myristic acid, elemicin .soelemicin isoeugenol.
14. SUBSTITUTES
Javitri / Mace (Myristica fragrans Houtt.),
Balchar / Valerian (Valeriana officinalis Linn.).

15. ACTION(S) AND USE(S) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE

i-PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION(S)
Digestive, carminative, stomachic, diuretic, lactagogue, aphrodisiac, hypnotic, stimulant, tonic.
ii-THERAPEUTIC USE(S)
Helps relieve flatulency; useful in nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea associated with cholera. Is useful in
diseases of the liver, spleen, headache, palsy, eye troubles.
16. DOSES
500 mg - 1g.
17. CORRECTIVE(S)
Shehad / Honey; Kishnez / Coriander (Coriandrum sativum Linn.); Banafsha / Violet Herb (Viola
odorata Linn.) .
18. IMPORTANT UNANI FORMULATION(S)
Jawarish Ood Shireen; Hab Asaab; Hab Jodwar; Majoon Chobe Cheney; Jawarish Zanjibil;
Roghan Kalan; Itrifal Ghudadi.
19. ASTROLOGY
Mars and Sun.