N

lb

lb

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OJ1

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CENTER FOR NEAR EASTERN & NO"TH AF1CAN STUDIES.

THE UN '. 1 1.4 i - sU

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ANN ARBOR, MICTHIGAN 4S104 U.S.AI

Map of Morocco

Tangie:,

Sebta

Tetauan

Chechaauen

Ou jda

Va lubilis

0 Fez0

Taza

Meknes

Casl

El Jadida

Saf i 0

Agadi r

Ifni

~ef frau

Azrau

Midelt

Ksar es Souk

Erfaud

Marrakesh

Ouarzazate

Zagara

o Gulirnine

DISTANCES FROM CASABLANCA IN MILES

Al Haceirna 338

Agadir.......330

Azrau........189

Chechaauen 205

El Jadida 62

Erfaud.......403

Fez.........183

Gaulimine.....453

Larache......180

Marrakesh.....149

Meknes.......146

Midelt.......267

Ouarzazate 273

Oujda........403

Rabat........58

Safi........158

Tangier......236

Taza........257

Tetuan.......248

o4*

&MA4 & IF

4ez~o0

T~6r

swe4r T4e~ t

594mcee

4did

74 (#weicso< c4

'97'

To Cecile, Nagwa,

Hala, and Mary

Copyright ( by Ernest T. Abdel-Massih

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . ..

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . .

vi

viii

Notes on the Grammar of Tamazight

Phonology . . . . . . . . .

The Verb . . . . . . . . . . .

The Noun. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Numerical System. . . . . ....

Pronominal Systems. . . . . ...

Sentences and Sentence Types. . .

Sample Text . . . . . . . . .

Abbreviations and Symbols . . ..

. 0 . * 0 . . . * . .*

. . . 0 . . . 0 0 0 .0

. 0 . . 0 . 0 0 . . .

. . . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0

" " 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0

" 0 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 .

0 " 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .

" . . . . 0 0 0 . . 0

" I S I I I " I " " "

xvi

xvi

xxiv

xxxix

xlviii

xlix

li

lviii

lvix

How to Use the Lexicon ..... . .

. . . . ..... lxiv

PART ONE: Tamazight-English Lexicon . .

PART TWO: English-Tamazight Lexicon . .

PART THREE: Cultural Lexicon . . . . . .

Index to the Cultural Lexicon ...

PART FOUR: Linguistic Lexicon. . ....

Nouns of Berber Origin . . . . . . .

Nouns of Arabic Origin ..........

Nouns of Western Origin. . ... .

Nouns with Diminutives . . . . . . .

Nouns with Augmentatives . .

Nouns with No Feminine . . .....

Nouns with No Plurals. . . .....

Nouns with "IT-" Plural. . .....

Verbs of Berber Origin . ......

Verbs of Arabic Origin . . .....

Verb Summary . . . . . . . . . . . .

Comparison of Ablaut and Verb Shape.

. . . . . . .

. . . . . . . 155

. . . . . . . 239

S. . . . . . 241

S . . . . . 297


Foreword

Dr. Abdel-Massih's preparation of this volume and the ac-

comrpanying ones, A Course in Spoken Tamazight, A Reference Grammar

of Tamazight, and A Course in Moroccan Arabic, was initiated and

supported by the University of Michigan Center for Near Eastern

and North African Studies as part of its general program of

research and training on the languages and cultures of North

Africa. A series of studies in anthropology, history, and poli-

tical science and additional instructional materials on Moroccan

Arabic are in preparation.

We are indebted to the Ford Foundation, which is in no way

responsible for the specific results, for the grants to the Center

that have made this work possible. We are most grateful for the

tolerance of the people and government of Morocco in accommodating,

and often actively assisting, the work of our faculty and students.

W. D. Schorger

Director

Acknowledgments

This study was made possible by the cooperation of a

number of individuals. In particular, I would like to thank

Mr. Mohammed Guerssel for his conscientious efforts during the

work on this lexicon. Mr. Guerssel did an excellent job both

as field and research assistant, and without his assistance

this study would not have been possible.

Thanks are due as well to Mr. Stanley Mendenhall who as a

research assistant was entrusted with the computer work. His

dedication to the work and creative suggestions are gratefully

acknowledged.

I would also like to thank Mr. Jeffrey Bennett, who under-

took the laborious task of proofreading the major part of this

study. His comments on some of the cultural categories were

of great help.

In addition, I would like to express my thanks to Professor

William D. Schorger, who, as Director of the Center for Near

Eastern and North African Studies at the University of Michigan,

initiated the program of research on North African languages

and linguistics. The Center defrayedthe costs of informants,

research assistants, field trips, typists, tapes and tape re-

cordings, and provided me with the time and opportunity to carry

out the field research and the analysis.

- vi -

My deepest gratitude is to my wife Cecile and my daughters

Nagwa, Hala and Mary, whose patience sustained my efforts during

the work on this study.

Ann Arbor, Michigan E.T.A.

June, 1971

-vii -

Introduction

This study grew out of the need for a lexicon of a Middle

Atlas Berber dialect incorporating linguistic, lexical, and cul-

tural information. The study is intended to be a tool for the

beginning language learner, the linguistic researcher in the field

of Berber studies or comparative and historical linguistics, the

anthropologist, and other social scientists.

The majority of the data of this study comes from texts

recorded in the field from native informants. These texts were

edited, verified, and transcribed with the help of a native

speaker of Ayt Seghrouchen, Mr. Mohammed Guerssel, who also was

the field research assistant at the time these tapes were re-

corded. Another source of vocabulary items was existing Tama-

zight word lists, especially my list of Ayt Ayache Tamazight

words in Appendix A of Tamazight Verb Structure: A Generative

Approach (Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, 1971), and

the ones in my A Course in Spoken Tamazight and A Reference Grammar

of Tamazight, both published by the Center for Near Eastern and

North African Studies, The University of Michigan, 1971. Mr.

Guerssel helped in finding Ayt Seghrouchen equivalents for these

vocabulary items.

I had considered the usefulness of a dictionary classified

into functional categories. Not only would such a classification

- viii -

be of great service to the user but it would vastly facilitate

the enlargement of the corpus. All vocabulary items that are

members of one and the same category were elicited at one time

after the first occurrence of a member of this category; for ex-

ample, all parts of the human body were elicited after the occur-

rence of the word "hand" in Tamazight, either on a field tape or

in one of the Tamazight vocabulary lists referred to above. I

would like to state here that this study does not claim to be a

complete inventory of the vocabulary of Ayt Seghrouchen. It is

hoped that other students of Berber, native speakers, and re-

searchers will find this lexicon of some use and may use it for

additional studies of Ayt Seghrouchen.

The material compiled was punched, with adaptations in

transcription, on computer cards which were fed into the IBM

360/67 Duplex computer at the University of Michigan. The data

were programmed with FORTRAN IV, SNOBOL 4, and ASSEMBLER pro-

gramming languages, and the resulting lexica were printed by the

computer.

The language of this book is Tamazight, a dialect of Berber

spoken in the Middle Atlas Mountains of Morocco. Berber is spoken

mainly in North African (Libya, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco) and

in Siwa (UAR). It is also spoken by the Tuareg groups in 1Mauri-

tania and the countries of the Sahara (Mali, Niger and Chad).

Berber, a branch of the Afro-Asiatic family of languages is an

unwritten language. It is divided into some three hundred or

more local dialects. The number of speakers of Berber has been

-ix -

estimated between 5,000,000 and 7,000,0002, and as high as

10,000,0003. Berber speakers are discontinuously distributed

from the Siwa Oasis in Egypt to the Atlantic Ocean and from the

Niger River to the Mediterranean Sea. (See the map on p. xi for

the general distribution of Berber dialects and the map on p. xii

for the distribution of Berber dialects in Morocco.) It is pos-

sible to distinguish four basic dialect groups of Berber:

I. Tamazight, a dialect of the Middle Atlas Mountains in

Central Morocco. Among the speakers of Tamazight

(which number approximately 2,000,000) are the fol-

lowing groups (tribes, subtribes):

Beni Ouarain, Ait Morghi, Ait Alaham, Ait Youb,

Marmoucha, Ait Seghrouchen, Ait Youssi, Beni Mguild,

Zaiane, Zemmour, Ait Rbaa, Ait Seri, Beni Mtir,

Guerouane, Ait Segougou, Ait Morghad, Ait Ayache,

Ait Hadiddou, Ait Izdeg, Ait Sikhmane, Ait Atta.

II. Tashelhit (or Shilha), dialect of the High and Anti-

Atlas and the Sous Valley in Southern Morocco. There

Encylopedia of Islam, Vol. I, Fasciulus 19, Leiden,

Netherlands, 1959, p. 1177.

2 Ju. N. Zavadovskij, Berberski jazyk (The Berber Language),

Moscow, 1967, p. 7.

Encyclopedia Britannica, vol. 3, E.cyclopedia Britannica

Inc., Wm. Benton, Chicago, 1970, p.96.

K

K Mediterranean Sea

Atlantic

Ocean

SW

erba

Algeria

Libya

Ma u ri*t an ia

A (G)

Mali

Niger

Chad

Geographic Dis trioution of tne Major Berber Dialects.

R = Rif ian

T = Tamazight

SH =Shilha

K =Kabyle

SW =Shawia

M =Mzabidn

A(G) =Aheggar

(ourage)

G =Touareg

-xi -

Ceuta

Raba t

Casablanca

Essaouira I

*m

Agadir **

da

Fl guig

rrakesh***

C' ** * ** * ***

O-u ra zaza te

!-S M 7

Zenatiya (Rifolian) Speakers

t4

1i1I

Tarazight Speakers

Tashelhit (Shilha) Speakers

Geographic Distribution of Berber Dialects in Morocco

- xii -

are approximately 2,000,000 speakers of this dialect.

III. Zenatiya, a dialect of about 2,000,000 speakers.

Zenatiya distinguishes the following sub-groupings:

a) Rifian or Tarifit (spoken by about 0.5 million

Rifians in Northern and Northeastern Morocco)

b) Kabyli (spoken by about 1,300,000 speakers),

dialect of the Kabyle tribes in the Kabyle

Mountains of Algeria

c) Zenatiya Mzabian (spoken by about 25,000

speakers in Mzab by the Mzabites of Ghardaia)

d) Shawia or Tashawit (spoken by about 150,000

speakers in the Aures Mountains of Algeria)

IV. Tamashek, dialect of the Tuareg groups in Mauritania

and the open Sahara.

Many speakers of Berber in North Africa are bilingual,

with Arabic as their second language. Many of the men speak

Berber, Arabic and French, while most of the older women are

monolingual.

The main focus of the language of this study is the Tama-

zight dialect of Ayt Seghrouchen. Ayt Seghrouchen is a larger

tribe than Ayt Ayache. It is divided into three major sub-

tribes: (1) Ayt Seghrouchen of Sidi Ali, known as Ayt Segh-

rouchen of Tichikout, (2) Ayt Seghrouchen of Imouzzer and (3)

Ayt Seghrouchen of Talesinnt. The borders of the Ayt Seghrouchen

of Sidi Ali are the Beni Ouarain to the north, Ayt Youssi to the

south, Ayt Seghrouchen of Imouzzer and Beni Mguild to the west

- xiii -

and southwest, and Oulad El-Haj to the east. Ayt Seghrouchen

of Imouzzer lies about 30 kilometers south of Fez, surrounded

by Ayt Youssi, Beni Mtir, and the town of Sefrou. The limits of

Ayt Seghrouchen of Talesinnt are Oulad EI-Haj, Ayt Yafelmane, the

town of Midelt, and Beni Guil.

The Ayt Seghrouchen live by farming and sheep herding. They

live either in tents or in mud-brick houses. The animal breeders

live in tents in the mountains during the summer and normally

come down to the prairie to search for pasture in the winter.

There is pasture land at the foothills in winter and on the top

of hills in the summer.

Berber literature is mainly oral. The lack of written docu-

ments makes tracing the history of the language somewhat diffi-

cult. However, attempts to record the language using various

writing systems were made very early. The oldest inscriptions,

which come to us from Tunisia and Algeria, are over 2,000 years

old. They are written in a consonantal system which resembles

that of contemporary Tuareg. The surviving Berber alphabet is

that of the Tuareg tribes, known as Tifinagh; it is composed of

strokes, arcs, and dots, and combinations of the three. In this

system, individual words are not separated; one can write from

left to right or from right to left, from top to bottom or from

bottom to top. The Tuaregs call the symbols Tafineqq (singular)

and Tifinagh (plural). The Tuaregs have no manuscripts, strictly

speaking--only short notes on pots, bracelets, shields, etc.

The only Berber texts we have are written in Arabic script.

These are mainly religious texts used for instruction in Islam.

- xiv -

Following is a simplified table with samples of the Libyan

inscriptions and Tuareg (Tifinagh), both ancient and contemporary

inscriptions, with the corresponding Arabic script and phonetic

equivalents.

Phonetic Libyan Tuareg (Tifinagh) Corresponding

Equiv. ancient contemp. Arabic Script

b CD GED a (9B

t ± x++-

m 4-~

m 1C r

k.Z.

yA - L 3 ( VS

dIAnvu _

Table of Berber and Arabic Script

- xv -

Notes on the Grammar of Tamazight

I. Phonology

Note: Phonemic symbols are enclosed in slanted lines / /

computer symbols, i.e., the transcription used throughout the

lexicon are enclosed in brackets ( }. Allophones (conditional

variants) are enclosed in square brackets [ ].

Tamazight, Ayt Seghrouchen dialect, has the following con-

sonants and semivowels:

/btd kgq zI xy mnlr hth wy/ (See Table 1)

= tBTD KGQ $ZJ X8 MNLR HeH WY} (See Table 2)

and the following vowels:

/i u a/ (See Table 3)

= (I U Al (See Table 4)

- xvi -

ci

'H

H.

'H

1H

c(;s

ai)

r4

r-4

4-:)

ict

OH

-)

r-4

4-)>

04~

Ct'

-p

CO'

(1)

bD

Ct'

ci

4-)

4--)

H-

Stop v1

vi. bldh

vd. bz__ d - __

Nasal mn

La teral1

Flap r

Semi-Vowel w Y

Table 1: Tamazight Consonants and Semi-Vowels

(Phonemic Symbols)

H H ~ -i r-4'C O'

Ct C' 4'--) H-:-) ) O rH

0 0 c' 0 OH I 4-) H-:

Ct H ) 4-' W1) WctW Ct -P t4-.) 4-)

'H ) H t' 0 0 4

vi. T K Q

Stop vd. B _ _ D ___G

Fi. vi. F S$ X He.H

vd,. z__v ZJ 8

Nasal1 M N

Lateral L

Flap R

Semi-Vowel W -Y

Tac;ble 2:

Table 3: Tamazight Vowels

(Phonemic Symbols)

Front

Central

Back

High I U

Low A

Table 4: Tamazight Vowels

(Computer Symbols)

- xviii -

Remarks on the Pronunciation of Tamazight Consonants

1. /// = { $ is pronounced as English "she", e.g., /a/

{$A }'some'. // = { J I is pronounced as in English

"measure"; e.g., /zhd/ = {JHD} 'to be strong'. /h/ = {H }

is pronounced as in English "he", e.g., /dhn/ = {DHN } 'to

rub ointment'. /1/ = {L }is pronounced as in the English

word "feel"; Tamazight /1/ = { L} is like the first [1] in

English "level" but not the second one, e.g., Tamazight

/lalala/ 'no', where all the three l's are pronounced like

the first [1] in English "level".

2. /q x r h o/ = { Q X 8 H. e }are all back consonants known

as 'kutterals".

/q/ = { Q }is a voiceless back velar stop that is produced

by the tongue dorsum (back) forming a stop against the

velum. Notice that the place of articulation for Berber

/q/ = {( Q } is further back than that of English /k/: e.g.,

/lqdr/ = { LQDR } 'amount'

/x/ = ( X } is a voiceless back velar fricative. To pro-

nounce /x/ ={ X } produce English /k/, then move the dorsum

(back of the tongue) back and produce a fricative; this

produces /x/. This will sound like the "ch" in German

doch, lachen and nach; e.g., /xali/ ={ XALI} 'my mater-

nal uncle'.

*/ ={ 8 1 is a voiced back velar fricative. It has the

same place and manner of articulation of /x/ ={ X} . Try

to produce English /g/ then move the dorsum of your tongue

-xix -

back and produce the fricative /y/ = {8); e.g., /ifus/ =

{18US }'it was burnt'.

/h/ = (H.} is a voiceless pharyngeal fricative. As we

know, pharyngeal sounds are produced by a constriction

of the root of the tongue against the pharynx. This is

not an easy sound for non-natives. It is advisable to

practice pronouncing /h/ = (H.} by producing a vigorous

constriction of the pharynx slightly below and behind the

extreme edge of the velum. This can be achieved by drawing

the body of the tongue back toward the posterior wall of

the pharynx with considerable force. Try this and it should

produce /h/ = (H.} ; e.g., /hml/ = (H.ML}) 'to flood'.

0 0

// = {(8) is a voiced pharyngeal fricative. If you try to

pronounce the English vowel "a" as in "father" with your

tongue pressed down, you will hear /'/ = {e) ; e.g., /1in/

= {LeIN } 'spring (water)'.

3. /r/ = {R } is a flap, i.e., a sound that is produced by

the very rapid vibration of the tip of the tongue (apex);

e.g., /rm/ = {RJM } 'to insult'.

Flatness, Labialization and Tenseness

a) The domain of flatness, i.e., that of emphatic* con-

sonants (also velarized and pharyngealized are terms

Emphatic articulation refers to the pressing of the blade of

the tongue against the palate in formation of some consonant

sounds; the articulation is then velarized rather than den-

tal, or pharyngealized rather than velar.

-xx-

used in this connection) is the syllable. We call

/t d s z 1 r/ ={ T. D. S. Z. L. R. } a primary Tama-

* 0 & 0 0

zight "emphatic" set, the occurrence of which causes

other non-emphatic segments* to become emphatic. This

latter set is here termed the"secondary"emphatic set.

Notice that in pronouncing the plain non-emphatic con-

sonant the position of the tip of the tongue is dental

for, let us say,/t/ ={ T} and the back of the tongue

is depressedowhereas in pronouncing its emphatic coun-

terpart /t/ ={ T. } the tip of the tongue is touching

the alveolar ridge and the back of the tongue is raised

up toward the velum. Also, note that in the case of

the pronunciation of an emphatic consonant the lip

muscles are contracted and the lips are extended ven-

trally whereas they are relaxed when pronouncing the

plain consonants. Compare:

/tizi/ = {TIZI} 'value of a man' and

/tizi/ = {T.IZ.I} 'pubic hair'.

0 *

b) Labialization. There are two labialized consonants,

/k g/ ={ K.G.} Labialization is manifested as simul-

e .

taneous lip rounding when producing either of the

above-mentioned consonants. Thus /k/ = (K.} as in

*0

The term segment refers to a minimal portion of speech con-

sisting of a spoken language item known as a consonant or a

vowel.

- xxi -

/amd:ak:l/ = {AMD:AK.:L } 'friend (m)' is pronounced

as [K ].

c) A tense* (fortis) consonant in general is pro-

duced with more force than its lax (lenis) counter-

part. The intensity and aspiration which are charac-

teristic of the tense consonants give them a syllabic

quality (i.e. maximum degree of sonority in the syl-

lable) so that /b:/ = {B:} is heard as [bb] or [Ibb];

this is transcribed in most other systems which treat

Berber phonology as /ebb/ or /ebb/or /ebb/. In our

system of transcription this will be realized as /b:/

= { B: } and pronounced as [ebb] except when preceded

by a vowel.

Notes on Vowel Allophones

All vowel allophones (conditioned variants) are predictable

according to their environment.

/a/ = A } is realized as [a] (in English "father") in the

environment of flat consonants and as [ae] (English "cat") else-

where.

Tense or fortis here refers to a consonant pronounced with

stronger articulation and greater tension on the muscles of

the articulator and, usually, aspiration. Lax or lenis here

refers to a consonant pronounced with lesser muscular ten-

sion in the speech organ and weaker, laxer articulation and,

usually, no aspiration.

- xxii -

// ={ I } is realized as [e] (English "eight") in the

environment of flat consonants and as [i] (English "feet")

elsewhere.

/u/ ={ U ) is realized as [o] (roughly English "coat") in

the environment of flat consonants and as [u] (English "food")

elsewhere.

Structure of the Syllable

If a consonant is followed by another consonant without an

intervening vowel there is a predictable transition. Transition

between consonants in this case is heard as vocalic and is rep-

resented here by a superscript shwa [e] in phonetic transcrip-

tion ( shwa occurs as the "a" in English "about" or as the

"a" in English "sofa"). Thus a word such as /frhx/ = {FRH.X}

'I was happy' is transcribed phonetically as [ferhex]. Shwa [ ] is

realized as the "a" in English "Rosa's" before front consonants and

as [e] before back consonants. [e] is also voiced in the en-

vironment of voiced consonants and voiceless in the environ-

ment of voiceless consonants. The [e] can either precede or

follow a liquid or a nasal, i.e. /1 m n r/ = {L M N R }. If a

word has a tense consonant followed by a lax consonant then

there is a [e] before and after the tense consonant.

Examples:

/r:/ = {R:} [err] 'to give back'

/sl/ = {$L} [yel] 'to spend a day'

/ns/ = {NS} [ens] or [nes] 'to spend the night'

/f:r/ = {F:RJ [effer] 'to hide'

/fs:r/ = {FS:RI [fesser] 'to explain'

- xxiii -

Stress

Word stress in Tamazight is a non-contrastive feature.

The occurrence of word stress is predictable: primary stress

falls on the last vowel of the word whether it is a full vowel

(i, a, u), or a shwa [*] transitional; e.g., /bda#/ = BDA 'to

begin', /xm:m/ = XM:MI = [xammom] 'to think'.

Notes on the Verb

In discussing the verb in Tamazight, it is necessary to

discuss the following: (A) Stems, (B) Verb Inflectional Af-

fixes, and (C) Ablaut.

(A) Stems: Stems are either basic or derived. A basic verb

stem (V) is any simple unaugmented stem from which all de-

rived verb stems are generated. As seen in the Lexicon,

some basic verb stems are clearly borrowings from Arabic.

However, these stems are now considered part of the Tama-

zight Verb Lexicon since they conform completely to the

derivational, inflectional and ablaut patterns of the

native stems. The following were consulted for stems of

Arabic origin:

Al Firuzabtd, Majd Al-Din. Al Qamis Al iMubi. Vols. I-IV,

Cairo, 1938.

Majma Al-Lugha Al Arabiyyah. Al-Hugjam Alwasit. Vol. I,

Cairo, 1960; Vol. II, Cairo , 191.

Mass fNd, Jubrkn. Al Ra id. Beirut, 1965.

Al-Murtad Al-Zubaydi, Mu ammad Ibn Nuhammad. T~j Al-rArts.

16 vols., Cairo, 1888 - 1890.

Wehr, Hans. A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, ed.

J. Milton Cowan. Ithaca, N.Y., 1966.

- xxiv -

Derived verb stems are:

SV Causative Verb Stem

MV Reciprocal Verb Stem

MSV Recipro-Causative Verb Stem

TrUV Passive Verb Stem

In addition there is a Habitual Verb Stem derived from all

the above-mentioned stems:

VH Habitual Verb Stem of V

SVH Habitual Verb Stem of SV

MVH Habitual Verb Stem of MV

MSVH Habitual Verb Stem of MSV

TUVH Habitual Verb Stem of TUV

Theoretically all the above mentioned derivations are pos-

sible, but the only derived form which invariably occurs

is the VH.

Two additional forms may be derived from the simple verb

stem (V) by affixation of the particle of proximity

/d:/ and the particle of remoteness /n:/ to verb stems,

e.g.

/rah/ ={ R.AH.} 'to go'

/rahd:/ = {R.AH.D:} 'to come'

/rahn:/ = {R.AH.N:} 'to go there'

(B) Verb Affixes are either prefixes, suffixes or discontinuous

morphemes.

- xxv -

Prefixes:

(1) /S *S:/ ={ S *S: }for SV,/m-m:/ = { M-M:} for MV,

/ms-rm:s/ = {MS-M:S} for MSV and /tu/ = (TU} for TUV.

(2) /ad-/ = (AD-} is prefixed to conjugated verb stems

(V, SV, MV, MSV, TUV) to derive the future tense.

(3) /l:a-/ = (L:A-} is prefixed to Habitual Verb Stems

(VH, SVH, MVH, MSVH, TUVH) to derive the present tense.

(4) /al-/ = (AL-} is prefixed to Habitual Verb Stems to

derive the inchoative action (e.g., he started to eat).

(5) /is-/ = (IS-} is the interrogative particle which is

prefixed to any conjugated verb stems to form inter-

rogatives of the "do - be" type.

(6) /ur-/ = {UR-} , the negative particle, is prefixed to

conjugated V, SV, MV, MSV, TUV to form past tense

negative.

(7) /ul:i-/ = {UL:I- }, the negative particle, is pre-

fixed to VH, SVH, MVH, MSVH, TUVH to form present

tense negative.

Suffixes: There are two sets of suffixes in Ayt Segh-

rouchen Tamazight. Both are Imperative Suffixes. Tables

5 and 6 show these suffixes in phonemic transcription.

- xxvi -

s = singular

d = dual

p = plural

m = masculine

f = feminine

Table 5

Second Person

Imperative Suffixes

Table 6

First Person

Imperative Suffixes

Verb Inflectional Affixes: The set of verb inflectional

affixes listed below in Table 7 is used in all tenses and

moods of the Tamazight verb: past, present, future, affir-

mative, negative, interrogative and negative interrogative.

This set is called -PNG- (Person, Number, Gender). This

set of morphemes is not included in the lexicon, as some

of them are discontinuous, e.g., 2s (second person sin-

gular).

- xxvii -

- P N G- Inflectional Affix

1s x

2s t t

3 sm i

3 sf t

1p n

2 pm t m

2pf t nt

3 pm n

3pf nt

Table 7

Ayt Seghrouchen

-PNG- Affixes

(C) Ablaut: Ablaut is a vowel gradation or change in internal

vowels of a word to indicate distinctions in meaning, such as

different tenses in a verb (e.g., English "sing, sang,

sung 1").

Ablaut occurs mainly in the affirmative and/or negative

past; the negative-interrogative ablaut is the same as the

negative past. For this reason we will refer only to af-

firmative and negative past and mark them as [ -Negative]

and [ +Negative]: e.g., /ls/ = {LS} 'to shear', /i-lsa/

'he cut', /is-ilsa/ 'did he cut?', /ur-i-lsi/ 'he did not

cut', /isur-ilsi/ 'didn't he cut?'. Thus stems are either

ablauted or unablauted (i.e., no change in the past).

- xxviii -

Ablaut in Ayt Seghrouchen may be summarized as follows:

(Only phonemic transcription is used)

1. Unablauted stems: show no ablaut (either in the af-

firmative or in the negative) and are represented by the

verb stems /,'um:/ 'to swim' of the structure IIAVC:II*,

/bars/ 'to congratulate' of the structure IIJJAVCDIJ /bd:/

'to stand up' of the structure IIAB:Ii, /f:u/ 'to dawn' of

the structure IIA:VJJI and /bdu/ 'to divide' of the structure

jiABVj. For conjugations see Tables 8-10.

2. Ablauted stems:

(a) 00 ablaut occurs with stems which have no ablaut in

the affirmative past but have /i/ ablaut in the negative.

This is represented by /frh/ 'to be happy', /bry/ 'to

grind' of the structure IIABJI, /qr:r/ 'to decide', /bndq/

. .

'to bow', /lz m/ 'to twist' and /z:/ 'to dismiss' of

0 0

the structure IA(:)B(:)(C)(DJI. For conjugations see

Tables 11-13.

(b) IA ablaut for members of the IIJJABAI structure rep-

resented here by /bda/ 'to start'. This group has /i/

ablaut for first and second person singular, and /a/ for

the rest of the PNG paradigm. This is the only group

which is ablauted in the future. For conjugations see

Tables 14-16.

ItVC: jj means the stem consists of three radicals, of which

the second is a vowel and the third is a tense consonant.

IIAB I is a biradical stem whose second radical is tense.

( ) shows optional occurrence of included element.

- xxix -

(c) IU ablaut occurs with verbs as /il/ 'to do', /k:1/

'to pass' 11s! 'to shear' of the structure IA(:)fl, IIABli or JJVBJ).

//occurs with PNG: is, 2s, 2prn,f and 3pm. f. /u/ occurs

with -PNG- 3m..f and lp., For conjugations see Tables 17-19.

(d) AU ablaut refers to change of a to u, e.g.,. /adf/ 'to

enter' or /dla1:/ 'to swear' of the structure ilaBoll or

11I(A) BaDI For conjugations see Tables 20-22.

(e) Al Ablaut refers to change of a to i for only two

verbs, namely /awd/ 'to reach', /awy/ 'to take away'. See

conjugations in Tables 23-25.

-PNG- Affirm. Neg., Interr, Neg. Interr.

is tum:x urt'um:x istqum:x isurt'um:x

3sm I um:O uriq'um:* isi 'ur: isurilum:

3sf tl'um: urtq'um:* ist~um: isurt~'um:

lp nqum:* urn 'um:* isn~um: isurnt'um:

2pm t *UM:M urtqumn:m istqhum~om isurtq'um:m

2pf tl'um :nt urtq'um :nt ist'um :nt isurtq'umn:nt

3pm 'um:n urQ'Um n is0'um *n isur~um:n

3Pf 1;um *nt ur um:nt is'um:nt isur"'um:nt

Table 8: /-PNG-/ paradigms for unablauted /'qura:/

in the past.

'to swim'

-XXX-

-PNG- Af firm. Neg. Interr. Neg. TInterr.

is adtum: 'x urt:v'um:x isad:,-qum:x isurt:Qum-x

2s at :tum~t urt*:Qumot isat :,;um:t isurt*:'um:t

3srnaiMm urit 'me isadi~um: isurit*Qum:

3sf at:tum:, urt:,Qum, isat:'um: isurto'un:

ip an:*Qum: urnt:Qurn: isan:".rn: isurnt:4bum:,

2pm at :qum:rn urt,I'un:r isat:qumr:m. isurt;*umwrn

2pf at:"'um:nt urt:"um:nt isat:9qum :nt isurt: 'umrnnt

3pm ad~hmon urt,*:*umon isad u~m~n iut:u

3pf ad"*um,,n t urt :"'ur:nt isad~'um:nt isurt :Thr:nt

Table 9: /-PNG-/ paradigms for unablauted /4um:/ 'to swimt

in the future

-PNG- Affirm. Neg. Interr., Neg.Tnterr.

is 1l*at :"um Ox ul *-it :bum Ox ist:,qum~x isiil*it :iUM:x

3sf l.at:4%um:t ul:it:Q'um: t i St: um*: t isul:it *Okum:t

2pm l:at qsum:m ul:iyt:oum: ist**'um:m isul:it:um:f

2pf 1 :at :tum~n ul :it : um:t ist :,;um:n isul **it 0 Um:t

3pf 1 :at :"um:nt ul :it :;ur:nt ist :qum:nt isul :it :qum:nt

Table 10: /-PNG-./ paradigms for unablauted /"vumi/in the

present.

amxxxi -

pm i fiAuriiifimN, nteisuregiftrh

3pf frh urfrih isfrh isurfrih

2psnf 'Yt untfrihtisnfrht isuntfriht

2pm tfrM urtfrihm istfrhm isurtfrigim

2pf tfrht urtfriht istfrhn isurtfriht

3pm f~4h urfri 1~n isfrhn isurfrihi

3pf frhnt urfihnt isfrlfint isurfri~nt

Table 11: /-PNG-./ paradigms f or /f rI/ 'to be happy' of the

0:*0 ablaut in the past 6

-PNG Affirm. Neg. Tnterr. Neg.Interr.

is adfr1hx urfr':hx isadfrx isurf::ix

2s at:frht urtfr,*ht isat:Pr11t isurtfx~oht

3smadirh rif0hisaifr0 isrif:1

3sf atifrh urtfr:h isatifrh isurtfr:h

ip an~frh urnfrph isan:frji isurnfr~h

2pm atfi'I~m urtfr,*hm isatofrhm isurtf':lim

2pf at:frhnt urtfi':*6 isat:f'hnt isurtfr.-hnt

3pmadfl'A ufrhn isadfrfiA isurfr~hA

3pf adf 'hnt urfr*:hnt isadfi-1 nt isurfi~:1mt

TLable 12: /-PNG--/ paradigms for

the future

/frh/ 'to be happy' in

-xxxii1 -

-PNG- Af firm. Neg. TInterr. Neg.Interr.

iS 1:afr:hx ul:ifr:hx isfr:hx isul~oifr~hx

3sm 1:ayfr:h u1:iy~fr*-h isifi:h 1iSul :iyf *1h

3sf 1:atfr hul:tfr:h istf :h isu1:iltfr:h

ip 1:anfr~oh ul:infr,-h isnfr:h i Sul :infr *h

2pm 1:atfj,*Im u1 :itfor o.6 istfre: mr isu1:*itfr:hm

2pf 1 :atfr,,:hnt ul :itfr :1 nt istf r:h6t isul :itf r :Imnt

3pm 1:afr-hn u : if r ,hh Is f rIhh isul:ifr~hn'

3pf 1 :af r :hnt ul :ifi' :hnt isfr :hnt isul :ifr :hnt

Tjable 13:

/-PGN-/

present

paradigms f or /f rh/

' to be happyI' in the

-PNG- Affirm. Neg., Interr. lNeg.Interr.

is bdix urbdix isbdix isurbdix

2s tbdit urtbdit istbdit isurtbdit

3sm ibda uribdi isibda isuribdi*

3sf tbda urtbdi istbda isurtbdi

ip nbda un~obdi isnbda isurnbdi

2pm tbdam urtbdim istbdam isurtbdim

2pf tbdant urtbdint istbdant isurtbdint

3pm bdan urbdin isbdan isurbdin

3pf bdant urbdint isbdant isurbdint

Table 14: /-PNG-/ paradigms f or

ablaut in the past

/bda/ 'to begin'I of the IA

am xxxiii -

-PNG- Affirm. Neg. Interr. Neg.Interr.

is adbdix urbd:ix isadbdix isurbd:ix

2s at:bdit urtbd:it isat:bdit isurtbd:it

3sm adibda uribd:a isadibda isuribd:a

3sf at:bda urtbd:a isat:bda isurtbd:a

lp an :bda urnbd:a isan:bda isurnbd:a

2pm at:bdam urtbd:am isat:bdam isurtbd:am

2pf at:bdant urtbd:ant isat:bdant isurtbd:ant

3pm adbdan urbd:an isadbdan isurbd:an

3pf adbdant urbd:ant isadbdant isurbd:ant

Table 15: /-PNG-/ paradigms for /bda/ 'to begin' of the IA

ablaut (only type ablauted) in the future

-PNG- Affirm. Neg. Interr. Neg.Interr.

is 1:abd:ix ul:ibd:ix isbd:ix isul:ibd:ix

2s 1:atbd:it ul:itbd:it istbd:it isul:itbd:it

3sm 1:aybd:a ul:iybd:a isibd:a isul:iybd:a

3sf l:atbd:a ul:itbd:a istbd:a isul:itbd:a

ip 1:anbd:a ul:inbd:a isnbd:a isul:inbd:a

2pm 1:atbd:am ul:itbd:am istbd:am isul:itbd:am

2pf 1,:atbd:ant ul :itbd:ant istbd:ant isul:itbd:ant

3pm 1:abd:an ul:ibd:an isbd:an isul:ibd:an

3pf 1:abd:ant ul:ibd:ant isbd:ant isul:ibd:ant

Table 16:

/-PNG-/ paradigms for /bda/ 'to begin in the

present.

-xxxiv-

-PNG- Af firm. Neg,, Interr. Neg.Interr,

is dlix urdlix isdlix isurdlix

2s tdli~t urd:li"t isd:lit isurdolit

3srn idlu uridli isidlu isuridli

3sf tdlu urd:li isd:lu isurd,*li

ip ndlu urndli isndlu isurndli

2pm d:iim urd:iim isd:lim isurd:iim

2pf d:lint urd:iint isd:lint isurd:lint

3pm duin urdlin isdiin isurdlin

3pf diint urdlint isdiint isurdlint

Table 17: /-PNG-/ paradigms f or /dl/ 'to cover' of the

IU ablaut in the past

w*PNG~- Affirm. Neg. Interr. Neg.Interr.,

is ad':ilx urd:aix isad:ix isurd.-aix

2s atedit urtd:ait isat:dit isurtd-vait

3sm adidi urid:ai isadidi isurid:ai

3sf at,*dl urtd:al isat:di isurtd:al

Ip anodl urnd:ai isan -,dl isurnd:al

2pm at:dlm urtd:alm isat,*dlm i-surtd:alm

2pf atodlnt urtd:alnt isat:dlnt isurtd.-alnt

3p'0lnudal sd n iur4i

3pf ad:lnt urd~alnt isad:lnt isurdalnt

Table 18:

/-.PNG-/

future

paradigms for /dl/ 'to cover' in the

.m xxxv -

-PNG- Af firm. Neg. Tnterr. Neg.Interr,

1S 1:ad:alx ul:id~alx isd:alx isul~id~l

2s 1 :atd,:alt ul,,:itd :alt istd,:alt isul :itd :alt

3sm 1:aydoaI uI:iyd:aI isid:al isul~iyd:al

3sf 1:atd:al ul.-itd:al istd,#al isul~oitdeal

ip1an~l ul*ind:al isnd,*al isul:ind,*al

2pf 1,:atd :alnt ul :itd :alnt istd :alnt isul :itd.1:alnt

3pm 1:*ad:alnt ul:id:aln istd:alnt isuloid:alnt

3pf 1:,ad:alnt ul:id -alnt isd:alnt isul:id:alnt

Table 19: /.-PNG-./ paradigms for /dl/ 'to cover' in the

present

-PNG- Affirm. Neg,, Interr. Neg.Interr.

Is

2s

3 sin

3sf

1p

2pm

2pf

3pm

3pf

udfx

tudf t

yudf

tudf

nudf

tudf m

tudfnt

udfn

udfnt

urudfx

urtudft

uryudf

urtudf

un :udf

urtudfm

urtudfnt

urudfn

urudfnt

isudf x

istudft

isyudf

istudf

isnudf

istudfin

istudfnt

i stdfn

i sudfnt

i surudfx

i surtudft

isuryudf

isurtudf

isun, :udf

isurtudfm

i surtudfnt

i surudfn

i surud fn t

Table 20:

/-PNG--/ paradigms for /adf/ ito enter' of the

AU ablaut in the past

am xxxvi1 -

-PNG- Affirm. Neg. Interr. Neg.Interr.

is adafx urt:adfx isadadfx isurt:adfx

2s at:adft urt:adft isat:adft isurt:adft

3sm adyadf urit:adf isadyadf isur:t:adf

3sf at:adf urt:adf isat:adf isurt:adf

ip an:adf urnt:adf isan:adf isurnt:adf

2pm at:adfm urt:adfm isat:adfm isurt:adfm

2pf at,:adfnt urt :adfnt isat:adfnt isurt:adfnt

3pm adadfn urt:adfn isadadfn isurt:adfn

3pf adadfnt urt:adfnt isadadfnt isurt:adfnt

Table 21: /-PNG-/ paradigms for /adf/ 'to enter' in the

future

-PNG- Affirm. Neg. Interr. Neg.Interr.

is 1:at:adfx ul:it:adfx ist:adfx isul:it:adfx

2s 1:at:adft ul:it:adft ist:adft isul:it :adft

3sm 1:ayt:adf ul:iyt:adf isit:adf isui:iyt:adf

3sf 1:at:adf ul:it:adf ist:adf isul:it:adf

1p i:ant:adf ul:int:adf isnt:adf isul:int:adf

2pm 1:at:adfm ul:it:adfm ist:adfm isul:it:adfrn

2pf 1:at:adfnt ul:it:adfnt ist:adfnt isul:it:adfnt

3pm 1:at:adfn ul:it:adfn ist:adfn isul:it:adfn

3pf 1:at:adfnt ul:it:adfnt ist:adfnt isul:it:adfnt

Table 22: /-PNG-/

present

paradigms for /adf/ 'to enter' in the

- xxxvii -

-PNG- Af firm. Neg,, Thterr. Neg.Interr.

is iwcdx uriwcqx isiwqx isuriwdx

2s tiwt: urtiwt: istiwt: isurtiwt:

3sm yiwd uryi-wa isyiwd isuryiwd

3sf tiwd urtiwd istiwd isurtiwd

1P niwd1 urniwd isniwd isurniwd

2pm tiwdm urtiwam istiwA.m isurtiwam

2pf tiwint urtiwant istiwant isurtiwdnt

3pm iwdn uriwdn isiwdi isuriwdA*

3pf iwdnt uriwdnt isiwdnt isuriwant

Table 23: /-PNG--/ paradigms of /awd/ Ito reach' of the AI

ablaut in the past

-PNG- Affirm. Neg. Tnterr. Neg.,Interr,.-

1S adawdx urt:awdx isadawdx isurt:awdx

2s at,*awt: urt,*awt: isat~oawt:* isurt:awt:

3sm adyawd1 urit:a~vd isadyawa isurit:aw'd

3sf at*,awd urt,*awd* isat:awl isurt:awd

iP an :awd1 urnt,:awd isan.:awd isurnt :awd

2pmn at:awdm urt:awdmn isat:awIm isurt~oawd~n

2pf at:awdnt urt:awant isat,*awant isurt:awdnt

3pm adawdh urt,*awn i sa*dawdh isurt:aw~n

3pf adawdnt urt :awant isadawant isurt :awant

Table 24:*

/-PNGJ/ paradigms of

future

/awd/ 'to reach? in the

-xxxviii

-PNG- Affirm. Neg. Interr. Neg.Interr.

Is l:at:awdx ul:it:awdx ist:awdx isul:it:awdx

2s l:at:awtI: ul:it:awt: ist:awt: isul:it:awt:

3sm 1:ayt:aid ul :iyt:a*d isit :aw*d isul:iyt :ad

3sf 1:at:awd ul:it:awd ist:awd isul:it:awd

lp 1:ant:awd ul:int:awd isnt,-awd isul:int:awd

2pm 1 :at:awdm ul:it:awdm ist:awdn isul:it:awdm

2pf 1 :at :awnt ul:it:awant ist:awdnt isul:it:awdnt

3pm 1:at:awIn ul:it:awan ist:awdn isul:it:awan

3pf 1 :at :awdnt ul:it:awdnt ist :awant isul :it :awdnt

Table 25: /-PNG-/ paradigms for /awd/ 'to reach' in the

present

Notes on the Noun

In discussing the noun in Tamazight, it is necessary to

discuss the following: (A) Basic and Derived Noun Stems, (B)

Noun Affixes, (C) Noun Plurals, and (D) Construct State of the

Noun.

(A) Basic and Derived Noun Stems

A Basic Noun Stem is one which is not derived from any

verb stem. Examples of a Derived Noun Stem are the stems of

Nouns of Action (NACT), Agent (NAGT), Instrument (NINST),

Place (NLOC), occupation (NOCC), and Related (NREL). This

means that the stems of such nouns are derived from verbs

that exist in the language and that the different numbers

and genders of the nouns are derived by the noun affixes

mentioned below. A Basic Noun occurs with the same af-

- xxxix -

fixes as a derived noun. In most cases whether the noun is

basic or derived, its number and gender are distinguished thus:

(a) a plural noun has the suffix /-n/; (b) a singular noun does

not have this suffix, but has the prefix /#a-/ whereas the

plural has prefix /#i-/; (c) a feminine noun has the prefix

and/or the suffix /t-/.

Many basic nouns in Tamazight are borrowed from Arabic.

Some of the Arabic loan nouns were borrowed with the Arabic def-

inite article />al-/* 'the' (-)/1-/ in Moroccan Arabic and Tam-

azight). It loses its syntactic function in Tamazight and

becomes an inseparable part of the noun, as the opposition

Definite/Indefinite is NOT operable through the article: e.g.,

Arabic loan basic nouns /)k:as/ 'a glass' or 'the glass', /lbab/

'a door' or 'the door', /s:alih/** 'a saint' or 'the saint' as

well as native basic nouns: /aryaz/ 'a man' or 'the man'.

Another set of basic nouns (also Arabic loans) has under-

gone accommodation to the native pattern: e.g., Moroccan-

Arabic (M.A.) /xb:az/ 'baker' and its plural /xb:aza/ are de-

rived from the M. A. verb /xbz/ 'to bake'; whereas Tamazight

has /a-xb:az/ 'baker', /i-xb:az-n/ 'bakers' but not the basic

verb stem /xbz/ from which the nouns referred to above are

/-/ denotes morpheme boundary.

** Rules concerning the assimilation of /l-/ of the Arabic def-

inite article to a following dental operate in Tamazight as

well. Also note that the formation of the plurals of such

loan nouns in most cases follows the Arabic pattern whether

Classical or Colloquial: e.g., /lk:as/ has plural /lk:isan/,

/lbab/ has plural /lbiban/ and /s:alih/ has plural /s:alihin/.

• e • a

- xl -

derived. In almost all the cases the gender of the loan word

is preserved: e.g., Berber /tawriq:t/ 'a piece of paper'

(4classical Arabic /waraqat-/ 'a piece of paper' f.s.) has the

Berber affix /ta t/ denoting f.s. noun. In Arabic, as well

as Berber, all nouns ending in /-t/ are feminine. Very few

Arabic exceptions have been observed: e.g., /9alxalifat'/

'Caliph' is a masculine noun in classical Arabic. This Arabic

loan appears in Berber as /lxlift/ 'administrative job' which

is, among the very few Berber exceptions, a masculine noun. In

Moroccan Arab./lxlift/ is also masculine.

A third set of basic nouns (i.e., not derived from verb

stems) borrows only the singular noun, forming its plurals

according to native patterns: e.g., Berber /lahd/ 'promise'

is borrowed from Arabic. The plural of the Arab noun /9alqahd/

is /9altuh d/, whereas the plural of the Berber /lahd/ is

/itlahd/. Here, /lhd/ is a basic noun (no Berber verb /vhd/

and /itl'ahd/is derived from the basic noun, by the Berber

plural prefix /it-/.

Another set of basic nouns shows borrowing from French

(and other Western languages), e.g., Berber /t:rik:u/ 'sweater'

/t:umubil/ 'motor-car', from French "le tricot" and "l'auto-

mobile" respectively. It is interesting to notice the assimi-

lation of /1-/ to a following dental in these examples.

Definiteness: Definite/Indefinite

The definite article does not exist in Berber. Thus the

word /aryaz/ can mean either 'a man' or 'the man'. Nouns bor-

- xli -

rowed from Arabic appear in Berber with the definite article

if they are borrowed with the Arabic definite article /al-/

(which is also /1-/ in Berber). Assimilation rules observed

in Arabic for the /-l-/ of the definite article before a dental

are also applicable to Arabic loan words in Berber if they are

borrowed with the definite article: e.g., /s:alih/ 'saint'

/z:bib/ 'raisins', /t:alab/ 'request', /d:ra/ 'corn'. All the

above nouns, borrowed with the definite article from Arabic,

can be translated as either definite or indefinite in Berber.

(B) Noun Affixes

Masculine Singular Prefixes:

/a-/, /am-/, /an-/, /u-/, /i-/, /1-/, /X:-/, and 0. Note:

1) /u-/ and /i-/ are not common prefixes for m.s. nouns.

2) /1-/ occurs mainly in Arabic borrowings.

3) /X:-/ refers to a tense segment that results from as-

similation of /1-/(referred to above)to a following

dental, e.g., /z:bib/ 'raisins'

4) $ means no affix, e.g.,

Yanim 'reed' dad 'finger'

fus 'hand' fud 'knee'

Masculine Plural Affixes:

/i n/, /im n/, /in n/, /i tn/, and /i /.

Note: /i-/ is prefixed to nouns that are referred to as

"Broken Plurals" as opposed to /i n/ that is affixed to

nouns referred to as "Sound Plurals."

- xlii -

Feminine Singular Affixes:

/t (a) t(:)/, /ti (t)/, /tin (t), /tu_ (t )/,

/m t/, /1 t/, and /X: t/. Note:

1) /1 t/ occurs in Arabic loans.

2) /X: / of the affix /X: t/ represents /i-/

assimilated to a following dental.

Feminine Plural Affixes

/ti(m) in/, ti(n) in/, /ti /, tu n/, and

/ta in/. Note:

1) /ti / derives a "Broken" feminine plural noun

whereas /ti n/ derives a "Sound feminine plural

noun.

2) /ta in/ is a rare feminine plural affix.

(C) Plural Nouns

Plural Nouns, besides being masculine or feminine, are

divided into

(a) External Plurals or Sound Plurals

(b) Internal or Broken Plurals

(c) Mixed Plurals

External Plurals (or Sound Plurals)

m.s.: /#a #/ , m.p.: /#i n#/

f.s.: ---f.p.: /#ti n#/; e.g.,

#ta t(:

- xliii -

Singular

axd:am

taxd:amt

Plural

ixd :amn

tixd :amin

'laborer'

'laborer'

(m)

(f)

Internal (or Broken) Plurals

a) Change of /#a-/ of the singular to /#i-/ in plural

b) No suffix /-n#/

c) Internal (medial and/or final) change

Examples:

aq:m iq:ma 'mouth' (m)

asrdun isrdan 'mule' (m)

tamd:ak:ult timd:uk:al 'friend' (f)

Mixed Plurals (Internal Plurals with External Suffixes)

e.g.,

aly m ilyman 'camel' (m)

taxdult tixdlin 'loaf of bread' (f)

Miscellaneous Plurals, Collective Nouns, Nouns of Unity,

Diminutive and Augmentative:

(1) Plurals with /it/ (m) and /suyt/ (f)

Ifqi.h (mins) itlfqih (mp) learned person

't:i (fs) suytvt:i (fp) my paternal aunt

(2) Plurals of different roots

Singular Plural

arba lwasun boy

tarbat: tisir:atin girl

tamt :ut: ti'y:alin woman

- xliv -

ta.mart tiyal:in mare

tixsi ul:i sheep

tit: ai:n eye

(3) Collective Nouns

(a) Singular Collective Nouns

udi butter

uz:al iron

az:ar hair

imndi grain

d:ra corn

. .

ayrum bread

ayi milk

tadunt shortening, cooking fat

taduft wool

tisnt salt

tuza grass

iyd ashes

(b) Plural Collective Nouns

aman water

idam:n blood

iflus money

mid:n people

irdn wheat

tarwa offspring, children

tirad salary

imas:n plough

- xlv -

timzin barley

timsrad scissors

imryan sauce

ifsan seeds

(4) Noun of Unity

The noun of unity is formed from a collective noun by

adding /t t/.

/bsl/ onions talbslt an onion

/1:imun/ oranges talimunt an orange

/lxux/ peaches talxuxt a peach

/xiz:u/ carrots taxiz:.ut: a carrot

Other nouns of unity are achieved by the use of

/ahbub/ 'grain', e.g.,

ahbub nr:uz a grain of rice

* 0

ahbub nd:ra a kernel of corn

0 0 0

ahbub w:adil a grape

* 0

(5) Diminutives (see p. 322)

Certain masculine nouns give a diminutive noun by

prefixation of /#t-/ and suffixation of /-t:#/ (or /-t#/).

fus tfust small hand

dar d:art: small foot

aybalu taybalut: small spring

azrtil ta rtilt small mat

(6) Augmentatives (see p. 323)

Certain feminine nouns give augmentatives by a process

that is the reverse of diminutive formation mentioned above.

- xlvi-

txant axam big tent

ta'st:abt ast:ab big room

* 0

tmart mar big beard

tabhirt abhir big garden

0 0

(D) Construct State of the Noun

A noun in the Construct State (C.S.) changes its shape,

e.g., aryaz---> uryaz ('man'). Changes may be summed up thus:

Masculine Nouns

a- ---> -u- or -wi-, or -wa-

i- - -i- or -y- or -yi-

Feminine Nouns

ta- -> -t-

ti- -> M-t

The noun is in the Construct State if:

(1) The noun (N2) is in genitive construct, i.e.,

N1 of N2*

tad:art uryaz 'the house of the man' (aryaz 'man')

(2) The noun is the subject of a verb and it follows the

verb

if . umaziy 'the Berber went out' (amaziy 'Berber')

(3) The noun follows a numeral

idz w:as: 'one day' (as: 'day')

(4) The noun follows a preposition

i uryaz 'to the man' (aryaz 'man')

(5) The noun follows the conjunction /d/ 'and' (N1 and N2)

lqhwa dwat:ay 'coffee and tea' (at:ay 'tea')

- xlvii -

Notes on the Numerical System

(A) Cardinal Numerals

Only numerals "ONE" and "T

numerals are Arabic.

idvz (m), it (f) or

snat (m and f) t

tlata ti

st:a s

hdas: e

tlatin ti

alf i

mray:a utlata wxmsin 1

Notice that

(1) Numeral ONE is the

(2) Numeral

1 (+ gender)

WO" are Berber; the rest of the

ne

wo

hree

ix

leven

hirty

,000

53

only form that shows gender.

+ Noun (s.)

Numeral + Noun (p.)

2-10 (invariable)

Numeral + Noun (s.)

11-to (invariable)

(B) Ordinal Numerals

/wis:-/ is prefixed to cardinal numerals to form the

ordinal numeral (m)

/tis:-/ for (f)

wis:tlata third (m)

tis:tlata third (f)

- xlviii

Notes on the Pronominal Systems (Only phonemic symbols are

used)

Ayt Seghrouchen has the following pronominal sets:

(A) Independent Personal Pronouns

nts ntsint I nttni

sk: - k:int you (ms) nttninti

sm: ~ sm:int you (fs) In:i

nt:a - nt:an he Yn:inti

nt:at she nitni

nitnti

(B)(1) Independent Possessive Pronouns (where

is masculine singular or plural)

winw mine win:x

win:' s yours (mp) win:un

win:m yours (fs) win :*nt

win:s his/hers win:sn

win:snt

(2) Independent Possessive Pronouns(where

is feminine singular or plural)

tinw mine tin:x

tin:* yours (ms) tin:un

tin:m yours (fs) tin:nt

tin:s his/her tin :sn

tin:snt

we (m)

we (f)

you (ip)

you (fp)

they (m)

they (f)

object possessed

ours

yours (mp)

yours (fp)

theirs (m)

theirs (f)

object possessed

ours

yours (mp)

yours (fp)

theirs (inm)

theirs (f)

- xlix -

(C) Possessive Pronominal Suffixes

-(i)nw my

-n:s your (ms)

-n:m your (fs)

-n:s his/her

(D) Pronominal Affixes for

-n :x

-n :un

-n. :nt

-n :sn

-n :snt

our

your (m)

your (f)

their (m)

their (f)

Verbs and Prepositions

(1) with Intransitive

Verbs (Indirect Objects, here shown

with verb /s:iwl/ 'to speak')

is :iwl

is :iwl

is :iwl

is :iwl

is :iwl

is :iwl

is :iwl

is : iwl

is :iwl

is :iwl

as

am

as

ax

awn

awnt^ a nt

asn

asnt

he

he

he

he

he

he

he

he

he

spoke

spoke

spoke

spoke

spoke

spoke

spoke

spoke

spoke

to
(E) Demonstrative Pronouns

(1) Independent Set

wu (proximate) win: (remote) ms

tu (proximate) tin: (remote) fs

inu (proximate) inin: (remote) mp

tinu (proximate) tinin: (remote) fp

(2) Suffixes

/-u/ (proximate) m,f,s,p

/-in:/ (remote) m,f,s,p

Notes on Sentences and Sentence Types

The discussion of sentences in Tamazight includes

(A) The Verbless Sentence

(B) The Verbal Sentence

Each of these two types of structure can have any of the

following modes:

(1) Affirmative

(2) Interrogative

(3) Negative

(4) Negative-Interrogative

The structures mentioned above (A. - A.4 and B.1 - B.4)

and Imperative structure (grouped under C), will be found in

the following examples.

- li -

(A)(l) Verbless: Affirmative

Examples of such sentences are:

isminw muha . 'My name is Mohamed.'

l1mrinw clatin *am . 'I am 30 years old;'

A Verbless Affirmative structure may occur with /yr/ 'particle

of possession'; Examples:

yrs i't ntrbat: . 'He has a girl.'

or structures having the 'presentational particles', /ha/,

/han:/; Examples:

ha n:'nae . 'Here is the mint.'

or with the help of /d/, 'particle of assertion'" Examples:

muha daryaz n:imirwahd . Mohamed is in fact an

S" excellent man.'

or as a greeting or a response to a greeting. Examples:

s:alamulik:um . !ello.' (to a man by a man)

(A)(2) Verbless: Interrogative

Such sentences may occur in structures similar to the

above having interrogative intonation; Examples:

lwavsun labas ? 'How is the family?'

yrs s Ya l:waun ? 'Does he have seven

children?'

or with the interrogative particle /is-/ before such struc-

tures as the following:

is yr al lwasun ? 'Do you have children?'

They also occur with question words. Examples:

mismn: ? 'What is your name (ms)?'

mshal il~mrn: ? 'How old are you (ms)?'

- lii -

mani muha

u'Where is Mohamed?'

(A)(3) Verbless: Negative

These structuresoccur with /ur-/ 'negative particle' or

/ulid:-/ 'It's nott. Examples:

uiyri Iflus . 'I have no money.'

ulid: am wu . 'It is not like this (ms).

(A)(4) Verbless: Negative - Interrogative

Such structures are achieved through the use of /isur-/,

the Negative - Interrogative particle. Examples:

isuryrs lflus ? 'Doesn't he have money?'

(B)(1) Verbal: Affirmative

Sentences having one verb. Examples:

tl:a da . 'She is here.'

q:imn dy fas . 'They stayed in Fez.'

Notice that the word order of sentences consisting only

of a verb and its subject is preferably:

Verb + Subject [in Construct State]

but sometimes can be:

Subject [in Free State] + Verb

Compare members of the following pairs:

if:y uaziT . 'The Berber went out.'

and amaziy if:y . 'The Berber went out.'

If any of the moveable affixes (i.e. object pronominal

affixes or particles of proximity, /d:/, and remoteness, /n:/)

occur they are post-verbal if the sentence does not have any

- liii -

temporal or modal prefixes, prepositions or conjunctions, and

pre-verbal if any of the above elements does occur in the

sentence.

Examples:

yusast:d: . 'He gave it (f) to him

(nearer).'

yuVsastid . 'He gave it (m) to him

(nearer).'

isYud: muha xmstaSs: ntfunast .

'Mohamed bought fifteen cows (nearer).'

aryaz din d:isyin irdn ayu .

'This is the man who bought wheat (nearer).'

The verb 'to be', /il/, occurs in many structures pre-

ceded by /ay/ 'who, which, what'. Examples:

taxant uryaz aytlu . 'This is the man's tent.'

IVk: bulhm:am ay tit . 'You are the public bath

" attendant.'

Sentences having two verbs.

Expressing English 'to, in order to' is achieved by the

use of two verbs where the second is in the future form. Example:

irah adixdm . 'He went to work.'

The use of conjunctions necessitates two verbs.

Examples:

nt ni dar:a m:ulay dris udin indln di fas ayniu .

Ve are the offspring of Mulay Dris who is buried in Fez.'

imyus:an muha deli ir:bad dindi zm n

'Muha and Aly got acquainted in Rabat where they met.'

- liv -

l:at:irzitx am:ani l:an sb a 'I dreamt of seven stars.'

ytran .

in:a is tvu tamt:ut: i dln . 'He thought that she was

" a nice woman.'

Conditional sentences have two verbs also. Examples:

ms qbln , 1:ag:urn adqden . 'If they agree, they go

* register the marriage.'

V V

ms syuty sa , traht at:zrt adbib.

'If you are sick, go and see the doctor.'

mr yri 1:in Iflus idn:at: , l:astix izran nili .

'If I had the money yesterday, I would have bought Aly's

fields.'

(B)(2) Verbal: Interrogative

This is achieved by the use of the interrogative par-

ticle /is-/ prefixed to a verb in the pastor the interrogative

particle /isd-/ prefixed to a verb in the future. Examples:

is ifrh muha ? 'Is Mohamed happy?'

isdadimqawan muha d 'li ? 'Will Mohamed and Aly

" help each other?'

With question words:

mag:zu s:uq: idu ? 'How is the market today?'

wid: yrun irah ? 'Who came to you (mp) house?'

The sentence below shows that the moveable particle

/-as-/ 'to you' is preverbal in the environment of the question

word /ma/ 'what':

mal tlu s:aht ? 'How are you (ms)?'

. .

- lv -

(B)(3) Verbal: Negative

This is achieved by the negative prefix /ur-/ before

verbs in the past or /ul:i-/ before habitual stems. Examples:

urizri ulad idl nbnadm . 'He did not see a single

" person.'

ur qmri rahxyr s:uq: nmidlt .

'I never went to the Midelt market.'

(B)(4) Verbal: Negative-Interrogative

This structure is achieved by the prefixation of

/isur-/ to a verb. Examples:

isurastiwsi ? 'Didn't he give it (m)

to him?'

isurixdim muha idu ? 'Didn't Mohamed work today?'

(C) Imperative Structures

An imperative structure can occur without a verb, e.g.,

awru , 'come'' (/awru/ is a particle, not a verb). Other than

that, all imperative structures include a verb. Imperative

structures directed to second person may contain one or more

verbs, Examples of such imperative with one verb are

xdm ' 'Work.'

xdm amuha I Work, Mohamed!'

ini nqam iym:as . Answer your mother.'

Notice that habitual stems can occur to express an ener-

getic Imperative. Example:

xd:m . 'Do work!' or 'Get in the habit of working.'

Examples of Imperative having two verbs in the imperative:

- lvi -

sir xdm t 'Go workI'

Negative Imperative (second person) structures are realized

by the use of /adur-/ before a habitual stem.

adurd:t:lab da . 'Don't play (nearer) here.'

First person imperatives (i.e. hortatory or cohortative

constructions expressing an exhortation or suggestion for first

person) occur with verb /k:r/ 'to get up' or the particle

/yal:ah/ 'let us'. Examples:

yal:ah answ at:ay . 'Let us (go and) have

* (drink) tea.'

k:rax an:rah yr s:uq: 'Let us (mp) go to the

1* market.'

- lvii -

SAMPLE TEXT

SAMPL TEXT (COM1PUTER TRANSCRIPTILON)

Ho. ND*AN

IM4ALL8NIiMSLEN AYJLN L:vAT: Ze La :AN L:ATSe Do.:AQN A.LT:&$ *AR*.N ALT: WA&ADN LkeIDIJ

ALT: Z.UM: N . L:AT:Z.Lh'i:*N I$Iii.R* e:ND.AN DIN ID-ok:H-eN $HR. N$&BAN AD:*AY

IKM:I 4HLb. N$&EAN # ,EtiN ?ID:.N YUa MIJDIL0v L:AYT:9XSv. :AYASN ADBDAN ADT:Z.UI4:N

DUT$AN:S . NX K:RN ZI$ ZDAT L: kJit r T$N S:H. Uf. , S:LILN IMAWNN:SN 0 3DAN

ALT: ZU4: N* IXS. : AS N UiT: 1: N 0 UHS: N I URT:*K: MUN r B&DA -DiUSN IMAZL8 N DI N

ITK: MUN. UR~T:G:N Q*:Ad, ADIN T:*$THAN AL: .* A8B%,,U , Ai):AY IWD: N T,.4*:AL. B,

RoLi.HN ID:N Z.:AL.N L3L AOFD.Li.N o AD:Ak Z.:0AL.:N, BDAN ALFT.:LI.N

61fieIRiiT T:.AMZWARUT: DIN Z:4RUYN STINI 0 S:DFRNAS LQ:HWA LU8iR.Ug Q:1I4N

Al: LUQaaT L:6-$A s T$N AMNSL * 2:IMN ALS:N AT:Aft AL $A L: UQT , K:RN? ADJN:

KoOaNL: LAX 8Bi S:H*.UR. , T $N ADIN ASNI$TAL3N, &IDN AA.JN:0 K:iHND:o DAX 8R~

S-:kiUR. j i$N ADIN ASNI$:TABN I &IDN ADJN:* IWA AM.:LN: AL: IZEiY LiND*AN

AD:AY IZiRY LiND*AN , &Y:JN I~ D:*N . &IDU L:AjJ1:ININ 161D ANZ.:YAN

TRANSLATION OF SAMPLE TEXT: The Month of Ramadan

The Berbers are Moslems; they pray, give alms, pay tithes, go on

pilgrimages and fast. They fast during the month of Ramadan which

succeeds Shaban. At the end of the month of Shaban people see a new

quarter of the moon. The following day they fast. They eat the first

meal of the day before dawn, rinse (wash) their mouths and begrin to

fast. They should neither eat nor drink nor smoke; at any rate., very

few Berbers smoke anyhow. They cantt eat what they want until sunset

when the prayers are called for and people go and pray before they eat.

Then they begin to break their fast, starting their meal with the soup,

dates, and finally coffee and bread. Then at dinner time they eat and

drink tea., and sleep and wake up before dawn, eat whatever is, available

to them, and sleep. It goes on like this until the end of the month.

Then comes the feast which is known as the small feast.

- lviii -

Abbreviations and Symbols

With Illustrative Examples

AD-

DJAR.

AH.RIR = TAH.RIRT

AM = -AM

Indicates that the word is an

affix, e.g.,

Future particle (prefix)

Referred to and/or glossed

separately

This symbols means that the

word(s) following the -- should

be read preceding the first word

of the definition, e.g.,

neighbor--to be

Indicates a variant form, e.g.,

'soup'

Means the given word is a

suffix, e.g.,

'to you' (f.s. -suffix)

First person dual feminine

First person dual masculine

First person plural

First person singular

Second person plural masculine

Second person singular

Third person singular feminine

Third person plural feminine

Third person plural masculine

Third person singular masculine

1DF

1DM

IP

lS

2PM

2S

3SF

3PF

3PM

3SM

- lix -

A Augmentative. Many nouns can

derive Augmentatives. The

Augmentative forms are not

listed because they are

completely regular in their

derivation, e.g.,

TAZYAWT basket AZYAW A

TAJMART mare AJMAR A

TAJRTILT mat AJRTIL A

ADMIN. Administrative, e.g.,

LUD.IFT function--ADMIN.

AFF. Affix, used particularly for

moveable affixes that are now

prefixes, now suffixes, e.g.,

$ = -$ You (m.s.) Pron. AFF.

AFFIR. Affirmative

AI Type of ablaut (vowel gradation

in verb, e.g. English sing,

sang, sung"). See Notes on the

Grammar of the Verb.

AR Of Arabic origin

AU Type of ablaut (vowel gradation

in verb, e.g. English ?sing,

sang, sung"). See Notes on

the Grammar of the Verb.

BE Of Berber origin

CONDIT. Conditional mood

D Diminutive. Many nouns can

derive diminutives.

The Diminutive forms are not

listed because they are com-

pletely regular in their der-

ivation, e.g.,

ABH.IR orchard TABH.IRT D

ABRDUZ rag TABRDUZT D

AQID.UN tent TAQID.IUNT D

AQ:MUJ mouth TAQ:MUT D

EG For example

- lx -

E.T. Everything; e.g., "Take E.T.

from someone" should read

"Take everything from someone"

EX: Expression, e.g.,

BISMIL:AH EX: Before eating (i.e., an ex-

pression said before eating)

F Feminine

*F No feminine form, e.g.,

ABN:AY - M *F 'mason'

FEM. Feminine, e.g.,

TAR 'less' (FEM. of WAR)

I Intransitive verb

IA Type of ablaut (vowel gradation

in verb, e.g. English "sing,

sang, sung"). See Notes on

the Grammar of the Verb.

IU Type of Ablaut (vowel ,radation

in verb, e.g. English sing,

sang, sung"). See Notes on

the Grammar of the Verb.

LIT. Literally

M Masculine

(M--M) Masculine to masculine, i.e.

the word is used when a male

is addressing another male

M4SV Recipro-Causative Verb Stem

1MVH Habitual Form of MSV

MV Reciprocal Verb Stem

14HT Habitual Form of MV

N A verb that takes either Direct

or Indirect Object (can be

Transitive or Intransitive)

NACT Noun of Action

- 1xi-

NAGT

Noun of Agent

NMIS. Miscellaneous Noun. This could

be NIST (Noun of Instrument),

NOCC (Noun of Occupation), NLOC

(Noun of Location) or NREL (Re-

lated Noun), e.g.,

LMN$AR. 'saw' (NINST)

derived from N$R. 'to saw'

LH.M:AM 'public bath' (NLOC)

derived from H.M:M 'to bathe'

TURIFT 'popcorn' (NREL)

derived from ARF 'to cook popcorn'

OBJ Object

00 Type of ablaut (vowel gradation

in verb, e.g. English "sing,

sang, sung"). See Notes on the

Grammar of the Verb.

P Plural

PART.: Particle, e.g.,

IS- Part: Interrogative

-PNG- Person, Number, Gender

PRON. Pronominal

REL. Relative Pronoun

RELIG Religion, e.g.,

LH.R.AM 'prohibited' (RELIG)

RES. Response to, e.g.,

L.:AYSL:M RES. to HELLO (F)

S Singular

(S.N.) See Notes at the end of PART

ONE: Tamazight-English Lexi-

con for additional explanation.

-SN See Notes at the end of PART

ONE: Tamazight English Lexi-

con for additional explanation.

- 1xii -

S.O. Someone, e.g., "to talk to S.O."

should read to talk to someone"

S.T. Something, e.g., "to do S.T."

should be read 'to do something"

SV Causative Verb Stem

SVH Habitual Form of SV

T Transitive Verb

TUV Passive Verb Stem

TUVH Habitual Form of TUV

UTTER. Utterance

V Verb, simple unaugmented Verb

Stem (for past and future

tenses)

VH Habitual form of the simple

unaugmented verb (for present

tense)

VOC. Vocative, e.g.,

ATA Particle: VOC. (F)

WL Western loan word

- 1xiii -

How to Use the Lexicon

This lexicon is divided into four parts; Part I: Tamazight-

English Lexicon; Part II: English-Tamazight Lexicon; Part III:

Cultural Lexicon; and Part IV: Linguistic Lexicon.

Part I, the Tamazight-English Lexicon, is the most complete of

the four sections of this study. It is suggested that the

reader consult it for the complete listing and derivation of any

of the Tamazight words listed in the three other Lexicons.

The listings are arranged according to the following alpha-

betical order:

A B B: D D: D. D.: F F: G G: G. G.: H H: H. H.: I K K:

K. K.: L L: L. L.: M M: N N: Q Q: R R: R. R.: S S: S. S.:

$ $: T T: T. T.: U W W: X X: Y Y: Z Z: Z. Z.: J J: 6

8 8:

Listings of nouns and particles appear in the Tamazight-

English Lexicon as follows:

AKTATBI PL. IKTATBIN M AR SECRETARY

--ALSO SCRIBE

Here AKTATBI is the main listing, IKTATBIN is the plural form,

"M" means masculine, "AR" is the word origin (Arabic), and the

last part is the English definition. "--ALSO" indicates an al-

ternate definition.

The plurals of nouns and particles are listed separately,

as follows:

IKTATBIYN PL. of AKTATBI

The reader is advised to consult the list of symbols and

abbreviations (see pp. lix - lxiii) for a complete listing of

- lxiv -

all abbreviations used in all lexicons.

Verbs are listed as follows:

NQ:L VH T:UNQ:L 00 T AR TRANSPLANT

--ALSO TRANSPORT

TUVH T:UNQ:L TUVH T:UNQ:AL

NACT ANQ:L-@

"NQ:L" is, of course,the main entry. "VH" is the habitual form;

bo%"is the ablaut; "T" indicates transitivity; "AR" is Arabic;

"--ALSO" indicates an alternate gloss; "TUV", "TUVH" and '"NACT"

are all possible derivations of "NQ.L"; and the "-@" indicates

that the word is listed separately in the lexicon with a gloss

(see pp. lix - 1xiii for list of abbreviations).

In addition to the above, the "VH", "SV", "MV", "MSV",

"TUV" are listed separately in the lexicon along with their ha-

bitual forms as follows.

T:UNQ:L TUVH T:UNQ:AL TUV(H) ofNQ:L

The possible derivations of the Tamazight verb appear in

the lexicon after the main entry in the following order:

VH

SV SVH

MV MVH

TUV TUVH

MSH MSVH

NACT

NAGT

NMIS

The notes which occur at the end of the English-Tamazight

Lexicon have been included to accommodate definitions which

would normally be too long for efficient computer programming.

There are also other definitions which have been abbreviated

somewhat for this reason and the author apologizes for this

inconvenience.

Part II, The English-Tamazight Lexicon, is arranged alpha-

betically. The most important feature that should be noted here

is that certain English glosses requiring more than one word

(e.g., "to give birth" or oaf of bread") are alphabetized under

two key words--here: "birth--give" and "bread--loaf of", as well

as "give birth" and "loaf of bread". It should be noticed that

the double dash "--" indicates that the word or words following

it should be read first, e.g., "birth--give" should be read "give

birth" and "hand--palm of" should be read as "palm of hand". The

reader is again advised to seek more information about any par-

ticular word in the Tamazight-English Lexicon.

Part III, the Cultural Lexicon, is a classification of most

of the Tamazight words into Main Cultural Categories (e.g. Agri-

culture) and Sub-categories (e.g. Fruits and Vegetables). Each

category is arranged in alphabetical order. Statistics on the

number of Berber, Arabic, and Western loan words are included at

the top of each section. Each main category is identified by a

number and each sub-category by the main category's number plus

one additional digit. There are twenty main categories in the

cultural lexicon. For an index of this section consult the

"Index to Cultural Lexicon" on Pages 241-242.

The words in this section have not been extensively cross-

referenced. A large number of categories is utilized, because

certain limited subject matters, such as part of the human

body or days of the week, may be of some use to the compar-

ative linguist. It should be noted that the apparent number

- 1xvi -

of entries may differ from the statistics given, because each

gloss of a Tamazight word is listed separately.

The only particular categories worth mentioning are "Human

Physical Activity" (123) and "Human Mentality" (13). These are

the largest and most general categories in which any unclassifie

human activity is placed.

Part IV, the Linguistic Lexicon, contains many studies of

Tamazight words. The studies are as follows:

1. NOUNS OF BERBER ORIGIN (Tamazight-English)

2. NOUNS OF ARABIC ORIGIN (Tamazight-English)

3. NOUNS OF WESTERN ORIGIN (Tamazight-English)

4. NOUNS WITH DIMINUTIVES (Tamazight-English)

5. NOUNS WITH AUG~NTATIVES (Tamazight-English)

6. NOUNS WITH NO FEMININES (Tamazight-English)

7. NOUNS WITH NO PLURALS (Tamazight-English)

8. NOUNS WITH "IT-" PLURALS (Tamazight-English)

9. PARTICLES ARRANGED (These are arranged into categories, and

in English-Tamazight alphabetical order)

0. VERBS OF BERBER ORIGIN

L1. VERBS OF ARABIC ORIGIN (Since there is only one Tamazight

verb of Western origin, namely

GR.S.S. 'to exercise [military]'

no listing of verbs of Western

origin was necessary)

12. VERB SU ARY

This section appears as follows, e.g.:

N:UQB 12 8 NO I AR A:VCD

N:JLA 12 IA I AR A:BCV

QAWL 13 NO I AR AVCD

TO BE PIERCED

TO BE LOST

PROMISE

- lxvii -

The numbers refer to the productivity of the verb (as follows).

1 Occurrence of VH (Habitual Verb Stem - used for present

tense formation)

2 Occurrence of SV and SVH (Causative stem and its habitual

form)

3 Occurrence of MV and MVH (Reciprocal stem and its habi-

tual form)

4 Occurrence of TUV and TUVH (Passive stem and its habi-

tual form)

5 Occurrence of MSV and MSVH (Recipro-causative stem and

its habitual form)

6 Occurrence of NACT (Noun of Action)

7 Occurrence of NAGT (Noun of Agent)

8 Occurrence of NIS (Miscellaneous Noun)

The listing of verbal derivatives is followed by the ablaut'

transitivity--either I (intransitive), T (transitive), or N

(neutral); word origin; and verb shape. Notice that in listing

verb shape A is an initial non-tense consonantal radical, A: is

an initial tense consonantal radical,"B is a second non-tense

II II

consonantal radical, B: is a second tense consonantal radical,

C"is a third non-tense consonantal radical, and so on. "V"

is a vocalic (vowel) radical wherever it may occur. This is

followed by the English gloss.

13. COMPARISON OF ABLAUT AND VERB SHAPE

14. COMPARISON OF TRANSITIVITY AND VERB PRODUCTIVITY

15. COMPARISON OF WORD ORIGIN AND VERB SHAPE

16. COMPARISON OF WORD ORIGIN AND ABLAUT

17. COMPARISON OF VERB SHAPE AND PRODUCTIVITY

- lxviii -



P

Tamazight - English


TAMA ZIGHT-ENGLILSH LEXICON PG

PAGE

-w w 400.

ABADN

ABDA

ABDHL

PL. IBDkiILN

ABDHL-@

ABD: I

ABDO AL.

AR PARTICLE: VOCATIVE

AR NEVER

AR FOREVER

--ALSO ALWAYS

M AR RAVING

--ALSO BEING DELIRIOUS

NACT OF BDHL

NACT OF BD:L

M AR PHYSICAL DISABILITY

--ALSO NERVOUS BREAKDOWN

M AR HOARSE

Pt. TIBH.BAH*ItN

NAGT OF aH.BH,

NACT OF Bk!.BH.

1M AR D ORCHARD

--ALSO GARDEN

Xi BE MOSQUITOES

PL, OF AbLW

M AR D DATE (UNRIPE)

M BE D EYELASH

ABH. EAH.

AUH. BBk!.

AI3H. IR

PL. IBH.BAH.N

(F) TABH.BAH.T

PL. 11311.:AR

PL. IBIBATN

ABIBA

ABLIWN

ABLUR.

ABLW

PL.

PL.

(F)

PLO

IBLUH. N

AB LI WN

TABLI WIN

IBL: UD. N

ABL: UD.

ABL: UL

ABN8UR.

ABN: AY

ABN: AY-dt

ABRAD

ABRAD-da
TALAZIGIT-ENGLISH LEXICON PG

PAGE 4

ABS AL-b&

ABSRUR

A BT :I X

ABTS :L

ABT, :L-a

ABULISI

ABULXIRe

ABW: AB

ABX: Ro

ABX:0R's-d

ABY:A

ABY: N

ABY: J-&

AB&AID

AB&AL-&

A B& AJ

AB&AJ-@

AD-

ADA WA

ADAWA-@

ADAWMk

ADAWM-@

ADBA8

ADJ3A8-d)

ADBLLIJ

ADF

ADFL

ADHAN

ADHAN-W

ADHiA$

ADhA$-&

ADH. AY

ADR. AY-@

ADIDA

ADIN

ADINX

A DLAL

ADL:AL

PL * IBSRAR

PL. LBT:IX

(F) TABT:,IXT

Pt. IBULISIYN

PL. IBJLXIReN

(F) TAI3ULXIlRoT

PL. IBW:ABN

PL. IBY:A&N

(F) TABY:A&r

--ALSO

m BE

ft A R

PL. TIBT:IXIN

M AR

--ALSO

M WL*F

Li BE

--ALSO

PL*@ TIBULXIR.IN

M AR*F

M AR

M AR

PL. TIBY:A&IN

BEING DARING

NACT OF BSL
TAMAZIGHT- ENGLIS H LEXICON PG

PAGE 5

--ALSO CHASE~

--ALSO PUSH DOWN

MVH TUIMYADAR

ADR13AL

A DW : A R

ADW: X

AD W.,*X-d

ADXS

ADJABR.

ADJAR. -d)

ADJAR. N

AD: A

AD:"eA Y

AD. BIB

AD F AS.

AD.FAS.-a

AD.wGo.:AL

AD. I

AD. IL

AD.-oL:&0

AD. L:&-@

AD* M:40A&

NV

P-L 0

PLO

PLO

1Y AD AR

IDRBALN

IDW: AR. N

IDW: IXN

N 'BE

A AR

LAR

P1. *ADJAR.N

(F) TADJAR.T

PL, ID.B8IBN

(F) TAD.BIBT

MI

PL. TIDJAR*IN

BE

AR

RAG

PART OF VILLAGE

DIZZINESS

NACT OF DW:X

CHEESE (TYPE)

NEIGHBOR

NAGT OF DJAR.

PL. OF ADJAR.

LOWER PART OF S.T.

W fEN.

DOCTOR

B BE

B E

PL. TID* BI3I

TAMA ZIGHT-ENGLISH LEXICON PG

PAGE

-.0w -.00. M.

AFL,-,*A

AFL: AU.*

AFQ: IR.

AFQ: US

APR

AFR-d

AFRAN

AFRAN-Ka

AFRAJ

AFRAJ-d

A FRIW N

AFR$U

AFRW

AFE: Z

APR: Z-d

AFRIt:AD.

APR. AU.

AFR* AH.-a)

AFIR* A&

AFRO A&-a-

AFRHo A8

AFIRO A8-d

AFR. TT. : U

AFRO :AN

AFRO :Do

AFRO :J

AFRO :J-a

APR. :'8

AFRO : 8-6~

AFS

AFSAY

AFSAY-6

AFTIS

AFT: $

AFT: $-&

AF UN AS

FL. IFL:.AU.N

(F) TAFQ:IRoT

=LFQ: US

PL. AFRIWN

PL. IAFR$A

VH T:AFRAW

SV S:IFRW

NMIS AFR-@

FLO IFR.TT*.*:A

FLO IFR. :AN:

FL. IFE*. IJN

FL. IFR.:18N

VH T:AFS

NACT IFAS-@

PLO IFTISN

m BE

--ALSO

--ALSO

--ALSO

M AR

--ALSO

M A R

PL. TIPF:1R.IN

UPPER FART OF S.T.

TAMAZIGHT-ENGLISII LEXICON PG

P A G.E

AGBiGAM-@

AGMG M

AGMGM-6)

AGNIN

AGR* AB

AGR: UM

AGR: &

AG R:4*&- a)

AGW: D

AGW: L-

AGZ: AR

AGZ: AR-d

AG:

AG:AY

AG : AYN

AG :INZR

AG:UNZR-di

AG:JLUR

AG:JLUR-@a

AHA

AHI.)I R

AHD: AW I

AHIID.a UR,

AHlLA $

A H L: L

AHL:L-i@

All NF Ii

AHNN:AY

AFIEARA$

AHW:D

AHW: D-@

AHW: La

AUW: L-a

All.BUI3

AR. L: AS

All.B:AS-@

AH.13:I

AH. DAM-

AH*D :AD

Ad .FUR.

AR. IDUS

A H eIZU N

PL * IGMGIPIN

PL. IGNIN:

(F) TAGNINT

PL, IGR:.AI3N

NAGT OF GMGM

K BE MUMBLING

NACT OF GMGB

MI BE RABBIT

PL. TIGNININ

PL. LGZ:ARN

V H T: AG:v~

PL, AG:AYN

MI AR WATER CARRIER

M 1BE CUCUMBER

MI AR BURPING

NACT OF GR:&

MI AR GUIDING

NACT OF GW:D

M AR*F BUTCHER

NAGT OF GZ:*R
TAMAZIGHT-ENGLISH LEXICON PG

PAGE

-.M-- -W - ages. .M.

--ALSO BOAR

AU.MAMI

AU. M:AM

AH.?!:AR.

AU. 1i: M

AH. M:M-d

AU. N IN

Ado NIN-@

AH.Q:R

AU.Q:R -d)

AU. RURD

AU. RURff-d

AU. R: AZ

AH. R:oF@

AU. R.AMI

AH. Be.AQ

Ail. Bi. AQ-d@

AH. R.A$

AU. BeA$-z)

AH.Re : AT

AU. T$[JN

A H T:A

AU. UER-di)

AU. ULI

AU. W : S

AH Y UD.

AU. Z:UD.

A H. J:-0AM

AKF: IF

AK hUM: $

AKMUM: $-d)

AKM: AY

(F)

PL's

P L.

PIJ.

(F)

PLO

TAH.v L: UFT

I H* Mlk IY N

IH. M:ALN

IU. M: AMN

TAUW LI: ALIT

IH,11: A R-oN

PL.* TIH*L:UFIN

M BE

MI AR*F

MI ARE

PL. TIH.M:.AMIN

11 B E

LI AR

mI ARi

Pt. TliU.NININ

BLACK HORSE

PORT-ER

PIGEQON

MAIN POST OF TENT

BATHING

NACT OF H.?!i:?
TAMAZIGHT-ENGLISH LEXICON PG

PAGE

AKS: AL

AKS: AL-@

AKS:L

AKS:L-d&

AK$: Do.-

AKTATBI

AK:

AK:ADIN

AK: I II

AK:IVN

AK: IDNX

AK:ILBS

AK :ID$

AK:.IDUN

AK:IISN

AK:ITSNT

AK:I E$NT

AK: NANI

AK: SWAT

AL-

ALA Y

ALAY-Z

ALBA&

A LB A&-@d

ALD: A

ALFAYN

ALFSA

ALH. LAB.

AL H. LAfi-

Al Hw : AN-Mz

ALH. :11-

ALHO :N-@

A LILI

ALL:U[

ALMSIR

ALMU

ALQ: D.

ALQ:D.-d

ALQ: M

aLQ: M%- _

PL.o IKS:ALN

Pt. IKTATBIYN

PL, IK:.SWATN

(F) TAK:SWAT:0

PL. TIK:SWA7

M AR*F MASSEUR

NAGT OF KS:L

ti AR MASSAGING

NACT OF KS:L

N AR TAKING E*T. FROM S.O

NACT OF K$:ODO

N AR SECRETARY

--ALSO SCRIBE

BE EVER AS IN WHOEVER

BE WHATEVER

BE WITH ME

BE WITH YOU (F.S.)

BE WITH US

BE WITH HIN

--ALSO WITH HER

BE WITH YOU (M.S.)

TAMA ZIGHT-ENGLIS ifLEXICONPAE 1

PAGI 10

Al --N-Wluwm qm-.N

ALUQ:ID

A LUS

ALY

ALJAV

ALJAMN

AL&: B

AL8M

AL:

AL: I

AL:IN

AL: UN

AL:oUNWe

AL: 8Z. M

PL,

P L.

VYH

s v

N ACT

PLO

ILUQ:IDN

ILUSAN

T: AL Y

S: ILY

ALAY-a

ALJAMLN

AU

SVH S:ALAY

PL. T IL8MI N

PL. IL8MAN

(F) TAU8NT

=AL

PL, AL:UN:

Mi AR D MIATCHI

M BE BROTHER-IN--LAW

T BE CLIMB

mi AR REINS

Pt. OF ALJAM

NACT OF L&:B

Mi BE CAMEL.

BE UNTIL

Mi BE*P BRAIN

PL, OF TIT*:

mi BE BERBER DRUM

PL. OF AL:UN

Ki BE WRBNCUE.G* OF NECK

--ALSO SPRAINvE.G. OF NECK

NACT OF L:8Z.N

BE TO YOU (F.S.)

BE LIKE

--ALSO AS

fi1 BE WATER

AR RES* TO GOODBYE

SL ~L AMERICAN

AL: 8Z. L-d

A m

AM

AM AN

AMANL: AH
TANAZIGHT-ENGLISH LEXICONPAE 1

PAGE 11

ANMHe B. A S.-a

A NH.SAD

ANH. SAD-a

AMISA

ANK: ARTU

AMLASAY

AMLASAY-i&

AMLA WAY

AMLAWAY-'@

AML: AL

AML:S

A1ML: *8

AMN

Pt.v

PL.

(F)

IMHI. B. AS* N

INH. SADN

TAMH*.SAT:

PL. I.NISAWN

(F) TAMISAWT

PL. INK:URTA

PL. IML:ALN

(F) TAMLZ*ALT

PL. TIMH.SAI

PL. TIMISAWJ

Pt.o TIML:ALJ

AU

PLe T'IhNZA

m AR

m AR

DIN

M~ BE

EN

NMIS-OF bAR*S

DOG

JEALOUS

NAGT OF H.SD

SHEPHERD

VII

NACT

PL.O

AMNAY

ANNAY-di

AMNH. US

T: AN

LAMA-@

.1 NNAYVN

IINII.AS

IANNH. UST

1N'NSIWN

IMN$AR. N

PL.

(F)

PL.
TAMAZIGHT-ENGLISH LEXICONPAE1

PAGE 12

- - .ft- Omm- .

AMSASA-d

AMSAX

AMSAX-d

AMSA&F

AMSA&F-d

AMSLM

Pt. IMSA&FN

(F) TANSA&FT

A MSM IR

AMSUTR

AMSUTR-d

AM SW: Q

AMSXEJD,

AMSXUD.-Z

ANS: AS

AMS: NDU

AMS. AFAD.

AMS.A-FAD*-d

AMi$AN

AM$ AY?

AMi$AYF-dz

A~i'$D.w

AM$D.O-d

AM$H. AD.

AM$LI

AM$T. :D.

P Lo

(F)

PL.

PL.*

(F)

IMSLMN

TA MSLMT

IMiSMIRN

IMSUTRN

TA MSUT RT

PL. TIMSA&FI

PL. TIMSLMIN

Pt. T IMSUT RJ

NACT OF MSASA

M AR METAMORPHOSIS

NACT OF MSX

N AR PATIENT PERSON

NAGT OF SA&F

M AR MOSLEM

N AR NAIL

M~ BE BEGGAR

NAGI OF S:oUTR

M AR SHOPPER

M AR MOODY

--ALSO CURSED

NAGT OF SXD*

M AR TASTELESS

--ALSO INSIPID

PL. IMSVAQ

PL. IMSXAD.

(F) TAMSXUT.:m
TAMAZIGHT-ENGLISH LEXICONPAE1

PAGE 13

- -- Qft- w .a-- idow-0-omm "m -ow -~ dMmpoom M-wo

A MZ.*IJD.

AMZ. :U8

AMZ* -0:YAN

AMZ. :YAN-d@

ALIJACAL

ALIJALAI-a)

AMJR

AMJR

AMJR-&

AMJR-&

AMJRoUH,

AMJ: UD.

AM&AWN

AM&A WN-@

AM&D:B

AM&D:B-@

AM&D. OR.

AM&IWR*T

ALI&QULI

AM&W:OJ

(F)

PL,

(F)

PL.

PL.

(F)

TAMZWARUT:

IMZ. LAD.

TAMZ LOT. :

IMJ:AN

IMZ. :YAN:

TAMZo: YANT

PL. T.IMZWUkA

M BE

PL. T1MZoLUD.IN

MI BE ID

m BE

PL. TIMZ.:YANIN

WRETCH

EAR

SMALL

Pt. IMJADALN

PL. ILJaAN

Pt. LIJR.Ati.

(F) TAMJR.UH.T

PL.* IMJ:UD.N

PL, IM&AWN:

(F) TAM&AWNT

PL. IM&D:OBN

PL. IM&D.AR.

NAGT OF LIZ.;I

LI AR ARGUMIENT

NACT OF JADL

MI BE HA.RVESTING

MI BE SICK~LE

NACT OF LIJR

NLIIS OF IIJR

MI AR WOUNDED PERSON
TAMA ZIGHT-ENGLISH LEXICONPAE1

PAGE 14

I.M .Mw Imm 0 am ..ow 9.1-ow WIW

ANBUZ. N

ANB: A$

AND: A$-d

ANDA

ANDAdM

ANDA£4-&

AND. AH.

AND. Ai. -&

AND. AL

AND* AL-@z

AND.AW

AND. AW-c-

ANFAS

ANFAS-@

ANFIF

ANFNAF

ANFNAF-&

ANFNF

A N F N F i

AN F:U.

ANF: H. -a

A NF:I1De

ANF:I1Do-a

ANG: A RU- D

ANG. :A.RU

ANH. $AM

ANH. $AM-@

ANI

ANMJAR

ANNJA3 A

AN(.: A

ANQ:I1$

ANQ:L

ANQ:*L-@

ANQ:LB

ANQ: He

ANQ: Be-a

ANQ:$

ANQ: $-@'

ANQ: Z

ANQ: Z-@

AN R AR

ANR$U-

PL. OF ANBrJZ*

AIMLESS SEARCHER

PL, INB:*A$N

(F) TAN13:A$T

Pt. INDWAN

Pt. INDAMN

M AR

Pt. TILNB:A$IN

NAGT OF NB$

M4 BE LARGE POND

11 AIR REGRETTING

NACT OF FIDM

mI AR BUMPING AGAINST SwT*

NACT OF ND.1i.

m1 BE BURYING

NACT OF ND*L

m4 BE CROSSING A RIVER
TAMA ZIGHT-ENGLIS H LEXICONPAE1

PAGE 15

-.0.0 Mft.MMAMM A

ANS. Ak-W

ANS. AD.

A NS. AD.-it

AN$A]Ro

AN$ARO-di

AN$T

AN$U$

AN$: AD

AN$: AD-@i

ANTAL

ANTAL-@i

ANT. AR.

ANT. :AR.FU

ANU

AN UD: M

ANUD *, M-@

ANUJI

ANXMUJ

ANXMUJ-W

AN X: AL

ANZLAM

ANZDAM-@

ANZYLTM

ANZ. AD.N

ANZ. AR*

ANZ. D.

A N LI1AR

A NJ MAR -

ANLIMIRS

ANJ: AR.

AN8AD

AN BA -@

AN8NA8

AN8NA8-d

AN8N8

AN8N8-@

AQADUS

AQAWL

AQBAYLI

FL. IN$IJ$N

FL. IN$:ADN

NACT OF NS.B

14 BE BLOWING NOSE

NACT OF NS.D.

m &AR SAWING

NACT OF NJR*

BE MUCH (AS MUCH)

--ALSO AS BIG AS

m4 BE LIP (DEROGATORY!

M4 AR*F SINGER

NAGT OF N$:D

M4 BE HIDING

--ALSO CONCEALING

NACT OF NTL

M BE SNATCHING

M4 BE ONE AT END

PL.w TINT.:UR.FA

M BE WELL (OF WATER)

M BE SLEEP

NACT OF N:UD:.M

m BE GUEST

FL. TII4UJI WIN

TAMAZIGHT-ENGLISH LEXICONPAE1

PAGE 16

-M -mmew Mw a...w

AQLA&

AQLA&-W

AQL:1B

AQL:PB-@

A Q L*.Q

AQL: Q- D

AQL: 11U$

AQMAR,

AQMAB?. -a

AQM:*0AR.&

AQM:AR.-d@

AQM: R. -

AQR* QB

AQI{. QB-d1

AQRoQR. A

AQEI.$AL

AQR. $AL-@

AQR*.:13

AQR. :B-a6

AQR. :R.

AQR. :$*

AQR. :$-

AQS. Ro.1I

AQS. :OR.

AQS. :R.-O)

AQW: AD

AQZ:LW

AQJ:I&

AQ:ND.I&

AQ:FIF

AQ:HWI

AQ: oLAY

AQ :ND. AR,

AQ:R*AB

AQ: R.ABN

A Q: R oA F

AQ-*R*AF-@z

AQ:R. IN

AQ:S. AH.

AQ:S.AH.-ib

AQ: $UR 0

Pt. IQL:U$N

PL* IQLI:AL.N

(F) TAQLI:AR.T

PL. TIQLI:AR.

PL. IQReQil.ATN

Pt. IQ:R*$ALN

Mi AR UPROOTING

NACT OF QL&

mI AR SEARCHING

NACT OF QL:B

11 AR BEING NERVOUS

--ALSO ANGER

NACT OF QL:Q

MI BE D JUG

MI BE NARROWNESS

NACT OF QMR.

MI AR GAMBLER

oIN
TAMAZIGHT-ENGLISH LEXICONPAE1

PAGE 17

AQ: $U$

A Q: Z DIR

AQ:-0Z IN

AR

AR

ARBA

ARBIB

ARBI&

A RD AM1

ARDAh-1d)

ARE

ARt

ARK: Z

ARK:Z-az

AIRN

AR$TI

ART: B

ARTI* -@

ARUJ

AR UJ N

ARWA

ARYAZ

ARJAL

AR JAiL-

ARJAM

ARJAM-a

AR: A

PL. IQ:O$U$N

PLO IQ:ZDIRN

PL*

(F)

VII

VII

PL.

PL.

(F)

PL*

VII

NMIS

VII

NACT

IQ:ZIN:

TAQ: ZINT

T:AR

T:A R

LWA$UN

IRBIBN

TARBIBT

IRBI&N

T: ARF

TURIFT-a-

T:ARI

TIRA-d-

M BE

M AR

--ALSO

M 1BE

PL, TIQ:ZLININ

AU N BE

AU N BE

m BE

M AR
TAMA ZIGHT-ENGLIS H LEXICONPAE1

PAGE 18

A=W -W M mom -w ~ -486-%NP

AR .W:H*

AR.W:H*-@

A R. Z. AM-

A R, Z AM-Z

AR.Z.:A:

AR.: UD

AR.*:UD-@

AS

ASARA

ASARiA-@i

ASA& F

ASA&E-@

ASB: AB

AS3: AB

AS B:-aA8

ASB: A8-d

A SB : B

ASB: B-@

ASD: I

ASD. :&

ASD. :&-&

ASEIL

ASFLAL:AY

ASFIAL: AY-d

AS.F: R.

ASGU : AS

ASH.: AR

ASH**OE:

ASID:-

ASID:-

AS IT. R

ASIT*R.-@

ASK: A$

ASK: AYRI

ASK: IN

ASK:R.

ASK:8. -ii

ASK: OR

ASLAWI

ASClHAM1 ,

PL. IR.Z.Z. :A

=-AS

PL, ISARATN

PL-* ISB:ABN

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PAGE 26

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PAGE 27

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PAGE 28

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PAGE 30

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PAGE 32

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PAGE 33

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PAGE 36

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PAGE 37

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PAGE 90

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PAGE 94

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PAGE 98

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PAGE 157

EN-1--S- -TAMAZIGHT LEXICON -PAGE0157

ABLE TO--BE

ABLUTION IN PRAYER

ABORT (ANIMALS)

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AGRICULTURE

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(VERB)

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TAFL:AHoT F AR

NI$AN AR

TANB:A$T F AR

ANB:A$ M AR

LBWA M AR

TIDRT F BE

D:R 00 1 BE

Q:AH. BE
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 159

ENGLISmpTAMZIGHT LEXION PAGE.15

ANIMALS PLOWING (2)

ANKLE

ANKLET

ANNOUNCE

ANNOUNCING NEWS

ANSWER

ANSWER

ANSWER

ANT

ANTIMONY

ANUS

ANXIETY

ANYWAY

APPEAR TC S.O.0

APPLES

APPLY (PAINT, PASTE)

APPLY OINTMENT

APPLY PAINT, ETC.

APPLYING OINTMENT

APPLYING S.T.

APPOINT TO REPRESENT

APPOINTMENT

APPROACH

APPBOXIVATION

APRICOTS

APRIL

AQUA VITAE

ARAB (F)

ARAB

ARABIC LANGUAGE

ARBITRARY, S.T.

AREA--INHABITED

AREA--REMOTE, OPEN

ARGUMENT

ARGUMENT OPPOSITION

ARM

ARMPIT

ARTICLES BOUGHT

ARTILLERY SHELL

AS

AS BIG AS

AS IF

AS SOON AS

AS SOON AS

AS USUAL

AS

ASCEND AND DESCEND

ASCENDING

ASCERTAINING

ASHES

ASK (REQUEST)

ASK

ASK FOR PRICE OF S.T

ASK FOR PROTECTION

ASK S.C.

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 160

ENGLISM-TAMAZIGHTLaXICON.PAel? i

AS PHODE I

ASSEMBLY

ASTHMA

AT (CHEZ)

AT NIGHT

AT THAT TIME

AT THAT TIME

ATMOSPHERE

ATTACK

ATTACK

ATTEMPT

ATTENTION

ATTORNEY

AUCTIONEER

AUCTIONING

AUCTIONS

AUG UST

AUNT--MYi MATERNAL

AUNT--MY PATERNAL

AUTHORIZATION

AUTCMOBILE

AUTOMOBILE

AVAILABLE--BE

AVAILABLE--BEING

AVARICE

AVARICE

AVOID

AVOIDING

AWARE-TO BE

AWL

AXE

BABY (F)

BABY (lNeLe)

BABY

BABY CEREMONY (SN)

BABY

BACHELOR

BACK

BACK OF LARGE NECK

BACK OF S.T.

BAD COLD

BAD LUCK

BAD OMEN

BAD THING TO DO

BAG (F)

BAG (S.N.)

BAG (SEE NOTES)

BAG (SMALL)

BAG (TYPE)

'nSAG ( mwTYPE)%

LBS.L W:U$:N M

DJMA&T F

D. : IQA F

8R

XYID.

LUD:IlN.IN:

L: I NAT

LUWA 11

(VE RB) Him 00 T

(VE RB) T:,&D:*-A IA I

AJR. : B M

LBAL ft

LUKIL LM
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 161

ENG lSH--AWMAJ-LAVTWLEXICON PAG-E. 161t

BAG--LARGE

BAG--SHEEPSKIN

BAKER

BAKER--UOUGHNUT (0CC

BALANCE (FOR WEIGHING

BAt f-HEADED

B ALL£- HE ADED

BALD- HEA DED

BALL

BALL OF FOOD

BAND FOB HEAD COVER

BAND FOR HEAD COVER

BANQUET

BANQUET

BARBER

EAR EFOO [

BARGAINER (F)

BARGAINER

BARK

BARLEY (ONE GRAIN)

BARLEY

BARLEY, WHEAT--HEAP

BARREL

BASIC MATERIAL

BASIN

BASIN--HiAND WASHING

EASIS

BASKET

BASKEL1--FOR GRAIN

BASKET--GRAIN

BASKET-- LARGE

EASKET-- LARGE

BASTARD (F)

BASTARD

BAT11--PUBLIC

B ATHfi

BATHE

BATHING

BE

BE--TO

BEhAD

BEAK

BEANS

BEhA RD

BEAST Of BURDEN

BEAT

BEAT

BEATING CERALS

BEATING WITH STICK

BEAU: RT I UL t f (F)1

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VE R.B)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

A$WARI

ALMSIR

AXB:AZ

BUS. : ENI

LMIZAN
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PG 6

PAGE 162

.9m - ---w -..m - 40 .FAW Im. -W -

BECAUSE

BECAUSE

BED SHEET

BED--TO MAKE

BEDDING

BEER

BEFORE

BEFORE

BEFORE

BEFOREHAND

BEG

BEGGAR (F)

BEGGAR (F)

BEGGAR

BEGGAR

BEHIND

BELIEVE

BELIEVER (F)

BELIEVER (IN

BELL

BELLOWS

BELOVED

BELOW

BELT (MAN

BELT

BELT

BELT

BELU

B ELT--W OMAN'IS

BEND

BENDING

BENEFIT

BENEFIT

BENZOIN

BERBER (F)

BERBER (F)

BERBER

BERiBER

BERBER LANCE

EERBER LR[JM

BERBER lANGLJA(

BERBER LANGUA(

BERBER SOLO s:

BEST (F)

B ES I

BETRAY

BETRAY

B ETTE R

BETTER

(ISLAM)

ISLAM)

&LAXAT. R.

ANI

LIZ. ARH.

(VERB) S11

T US: UT:

LBIR:A

ZDAT

QBL

B&DA

ZWAR

(VERB) HsAWL
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 163

ENGLSH-TNAZIHT LXICOWPAG -a6

BIG (F)

BIG

BIG

BIG

BIG BRANCB CF TREE

BIG--TO BE

BiG--TO BE

BILL

BILLION

BILLIONTH (F)

BILLIONT1H

BIRD (TYPE)

BIRD

BIRD

BIRD

BIRL--SLEALL

BIRTH OF PROPHET

BIRTH--GIVE

BIRTHDAY OF' PROPHET

BITE

BITE OF S.T.

BITTER--TO BE (FOODS)

BLACK (F)

BLACK

BLACK HCRSE

BLACK--TO BE

BLACKBIBD

BLACK NE.SS

BLACKSMITH

BLACKSMITH

BLAME

13LEAT

BLESS

BLESSED (F)

BLESSED

BLESSED PERSON (F1)

BLESSED PERSON

BLESS.ING

BLESSING

BLIND (F)

BLIND

BLIND, BE BLIND

BLINLNESS

BLOOD

BLOW

BLOW

BLOW ONE'S NOSE

BLOW WITH FIST

BLOWING NOSE

BLUETV r--TOB

TAK:SWAT:

AK: SWAT

AMQ: OH.AN

MUZUR

A$T. :AB

(VERB) ZURt

(VERB) NQ:R.

A8NBU

MLY A B

TIS :MLiAR.

WIS :NLYAR.

& AQ I Q

AZD. UD.
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PG 6

PAGE 164

BOA R

BOIL

B01LING

BC NE

BOOGlE MAN (N*Lo)

BOOGIE LMAN (N.L.)

BIDO0K

BCRDIR

BORDERS OF TRIBE

BORED--TO BE

BORE DOMl

BORI&--TC BE

BORROW

BORROWIN~G

BOTTLE--INK

BOT IOCM

BUTRNOOSE

BOVINE---IJERD OF

BOW

BOWING rURING PRAYER

BOWING 1N PRAYER

BOX

BOX

BOY

BOY

BOYS

BRACELETI

BJRAIE

BRAID--MAN'S

ERAIN

BIRAN

BRAN

BRANCH (THIN)

BRANCH CF TREE--BIG

BRANCHES WITH LEAVES

BRASS

BRASS BUCKET

BREAD (N.L.)

BREAD (N.L.)

BREAL (N.L.)

BREAD & BUTTER PASTE

BREAD

8READ PLATTER (SN)

BREAD--FLATTEN

BREAD--lOAF OF

BREAD--LOAF OF

BREAD--THIN

BRiEAK

BREAK DOWN (MACHINE)

All. L: UF

(VERBB) T-HT

AT: RTR

BU&: U

B&: U

LITUB

LH. I)-.

LH. D:

(V ERB i) D.Y :Q

D0IQ*

(VERB) LAL

(VERB) R Do L

AROeTo.-a:AL

TAD: WAT:

BUD,

AS LilAM
ENGL.ISH-TAMA2IGHT LEXICON

PAGE 165

ENGLISH-TA-NAZ---IGUT- LEXICON PMWW-ANON 165

BREAST (N.L.)

BREAST

BREAST

BREAST OF CHICKEN

ERILDE

BRIDE PRICE

BRIDEGRCCM

BRIDGE

BRIEFLY

BRIGHT (F)

B RIG HT

BRING WELL WATER

BRINGING WATER

BROACH

BROACH

BROKEN--TO BE

BRO0CM

BEOTHER--NY

BhOTihR-'IN-LAW

BROTHERS

BROTHERS--BEING

BROWN (F)

BROWN

BRUSH

BUCKET

BUCKET

BUCKET--BRASS

BUCKLE

BUDGET

BUG

BUILD

BUILD FENCE

BUILDING

BUILDING FOUNDATION

BUILDINGS

BULLET

BULLET

BULLETS

BULLETS

BULLY

BUMP AGAINST

BUMPING AGAINST S.T.

BUNCH (EG. FLOWERS)

BURDEN

BURN (N.Lo)

BURN

BURN

BURN INCENSE

BURNED--TO BE

BUR klLnED- -TO 13Ell

BUB: U BE

IF: M BE

ADMR M BE D

TADMRT F BE D

TASLIT: F 1B

So.D.AQ M AR

ASLI N BE

.LQNDoR.T F AR

LH*AS*IL AR

TASFLAL:AYT F BE

ASFLAL:AY N BE

(VERB) AJM AU T BE

IJAM [1 BE
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 166

-NGL-S-TA AZIGH- LE-CON PAGE i6

BURST

B UR STI NG

BURSTING

BURY

B UR Y

B UR Y-ING

BUSY--MAKE, BE

BUSY--TC BE

BUT

BUT

BUT

BUT

BUT

BUTCHER

BUTCHER

BUTCHERING

BUTTER

BUTTERFLY

BUY

BUY GRAINS

BUYING

BUYING

BUYING,SELLING DEAL

BY FORCE

BY FORCE

CAFE

CAGE

CALAMITY

CALF (F)

CALF

CALlPii

(V ERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

( VERB)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

D: IQ: S.

AD. R,:

AB&AJ

ADR

ND. L

AND. AL

Lfi A

$8L

SA&A

MA$A

WALAYN: I

BLH. Q:

WALAKAYN:I

GZ: R

AGZ:AR

TAGZ: ART

UDI

AFR , T*.:U

S8

$AL

TAMSI8T

LMSIBT

AMTAWA
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 167

ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE i6y

CAR

CAR

CARDING BRUSH

CARDING COMB

CARDS

CARE

CARE OF--TAKE

CARE OF--TAKE

CARPENTER

CARPENTRY

CARRION

CARBOTS

CARRY

CARRY

CARRY

CARRY ON BACK

CARRYING

CARRYING ON BACK

CARRYING ON BACK

CARVE

CARVING

C AR VIN G

C-AS E

CAT

CATCHi

CATCHING

CATEGORY

CATTLE

CATTLE

CATTLE HERDER

CATTLE hERDING

CAUSE

CAUSE

CAUSING TROUBLE

CAUSING TROUBLE

CAUTION

CAVE

CEILING HOLE (S.N,)

CELEBRATE ENGAGEMENT

CELEBRATE FEAST

CELEBRATIONS (S.N.)

CELLAR

CENTER--RELIGIOUS

CENTER

CENTRAL (F)

CENTRAL

CEREALS--BEAT-ING

CEREMONY--BABY (SN)

CERENONY--ZAWYA

CHAINk " L

To: UNUBIL

T. : AKSI

AQR $ AL

AM$D.

LKAR. TA

Re : Z. ANT

(vERlB) T: NHL : A

(VE RB) Q: ABL

ANJ: AR.

TANJ: AR*T

J:ILFIYT

XIZ U

(VERB) HZ:
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGI 168

ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON-o - PM. WIft- w -8-AGE ,.68

CHANGE

CHAP (E.G. LIPS)

CHARACTER

CHASE

CHASE

CHAT

CHATTING

CHEAP CLOTH

CHEAP--TO BE

CHEAPNESS

CHEAT

CHEAT

CHEAT

CHEATER (F)

CHEATER

CHEATING

CHEATING

CHECKERS

CHEEK

CHEEK

CHEESE--COTTAGE

CHEESE--TYPE

CHERRIES

CHEST

CHEST

CHEW

CHEW

CHEWING

CEEWING GUM

CHEWING TOBACCO

CHICK (F)

CHICK

CHICK PEA

CHICK PEAS

CHILD (F)

CHILD

CHILD

CHILDREN

CHILDREN CRAWLING

CHOOSE

CHOP (VEGETABLES)

CHOPPED WHEAT PLANT

CHOPPING WOOD

CHRISTIAN (F)

CHRISTIAN

CHURCH

CHURN

CIGARETTES

CINEMA

CINNAMON

CIRCUMCISION

CITY

CITY HALL OFFICE

CLAPPING HANDS

CLATTERING

(VERB)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 169

ENGLISH-TAM ZIGHT LEXWON PAGE 16

CLAW

CLAY

CLAY JUG

CLEAN TEETH

CLEAN--EE

CLEAN--fE

CLEAN--EE

CLEANsBE CLEAN

CLEA1NLIbESS

CLEAR--10 BE

CLIMB

CLOSE

CLOSE

CLOSING

CLOTH FOR CARRYING

CLOTH FCR COUSCOUS

CLOTH--BLUE DYED

CLOT H--CHEAP

CLOTHES

CLOTEFES

CLOTHING

CLOUD

CLOVES

CLUMSY (F)

CLUMSY (F)

CLUMSY

CLUM.SY

CLUTCH

CO- WIFE

COAL

COAL BURNER (STOVE)

COBWEB

COCA-COLA

COFFEE

COFFEE EOT

COFFEE SHOP OWNER

COt N--MC ROCCAN

COIN--OLD MOROCCAN

COLD (f)

COLD

COLD

COLD

COLD WEATHER

COLL--BAD

COLD (SICKNESS)

COLL'--BE

COLD--TC BE

COLL---TC BE

COL'LARBCNE

CLLECT WOOD

AXBA$

IDQ:JI

TABR: AT:

(VERB) FRN

(VERB) ZD: IJ

(VE RB) NQ-0A

(VERB) ZD:IJ

(VE RB) NQ: A

ANQ:*A

(VERB) S, FA

(VERB) ALY

(V BRB) Q.0N

(VE RB) RJL

ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PG 7

PAGE 170

----a --a-- -Wmo -.dw No--- - --

CCMB OF LARK

CCMB WCCL

COMB WOOL

COME (FOR CAT)

CCME (fCR GOAT)

COME (NON-VERBAL)

CCMFORTAILE--TO BE

CCMMAND

CC NME RCB

CCMM(JNICATION (MEANS

COMPANIC N--LOVE

COMPEL

COMPENSATE

COMPLAIN

CONCEALING

CONCIUSION

CC N DIIIC NS

CONFIDENCE

CONGRATULATE

CONGRATULATION S

CON'GRATULATIONS

CONSOLE

CCNSULT

CONSULT

CONSULTATION

CCONEMPI

CC NTEBNT IEN T

CONVERSATION

CCNVINCI--EFFORT TO

CONVOY

COOK POECORN

COOKE.D (BEING)

CCOKED LEG OF LAMB

COOKED--TO BE

COO KING

COOKING POT

COOKING--TO DO THE

COPPER

CORN

CORN CCUSCOIJS

CORN--EAR OF

CORNER

CORPSE

CORIANDER

CORRUPTiON

COTTAGE CHEESE

COlUC h

COUGHi

COUGh

TAQNBU&T

(VERB) QR,$L

(VERB) M$D.

131$ 31$

135:1 135:

8AWL

(VERB) Too:sARHe

(VERB) AMR*

LBI& U$:RA

LMU WAS. AL*AT

00 T

00 T
PAGE 171

ENGLIS[I-IAMA21GHT LEXICON

ENGLISH.A0AZIGHTLEXICONPGEim r

COUETYARD

COUSCOUS

COUSCOUS PLATE

CCUSCOUS~q POT (PAiRT)

COUSCOUS WITH MILK

CCU SCOU S--CORN

COUSIN--FIRST (F)

COUSI N--FIRST

COVER

COVER

COVER

COVER

COVERING

cow

COWARD (F)

COWARD

CRACK

CRACK IN WALL

CRADLE

CRAVING FOR FOOD (SN

CRAWL (CHILDREN)

CRAWL (CHILDREN)

CRAWL WhILE LYING

CRAWLING--CHI.LDREN

CRAZY (F)

CRAZY

CRAZY-- IO BE

C RE ATE

CiiEATURE

CREATURE

CRESCEN'I

CRICKET

CRIPPLE (F)

C R-IPP LEl

CROOKED (F)

CROCKEE

CROPS (FALL)

CL-OSS (E.G. STREET)

CROSS-EYE-D (F)

CR OSS-EYED

CbOSSING A RIVER

CROWDS CF PEOPLE

CEUNCH

CRY

C'R YSTAL

CUCUMBER

CUCUMBEF

CUCUMBER

CUCUMBEbS

CUNNT INGTti

AFRAJ

UT$ U

DZ. IW A

Mti.oLAW

AJR.:AD.

TA$Q: IQT

A$Q:LIQ

D: ULI

L8LAF

(VERB) DL

(VE RB) 8MS

A8MAS

T AFUNAST
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAG E 172

ENLIH-AM2{H LXIONPAE 7

CURING NITH AMULETS

CURSE

CURSE

CURSED (F)

CURSED

CUSTOM

CUT (N.I.)

CUT

CUT

C UT

CUT GRASS

CUT INTC PIECES

CUT ONE'S FACE

CUTE THING (N.L.)

CUTTING

CUTTING

CUTTING WOOD

CYST IN GROIN

L AG C ER

r.AMN--.IER IGA TI10N

LANCE

,DANCE-'-EERBER

LANCER (F)

DANCE.R

LANCERS--LINE OF

LAR1NG-BEING

DARING--TO BE

DARKNESS

DATE (UNRIPE)

DATES (N.L.)

]DATES

LAUGHTEF OF

DAUGHTER--ELDEST

LAUGHTEE--MY

LAUGHTER-- LiY

DAUGHTER--YOUNGER

DAWN

DAWN

LAY

DAY AFTER TOMORROW

LAY AFTER TOMORROW

DAY BEFCRE YESTERDAY

DAY--EARLY IN

LAY-'-NEXT

DAY--SPEND THE

LAYS

DEAD

DEAF (F)

EA F

ASB:13

(VERB) SXD.I 00

5: XD.

TAMSX UT,:

AMSXUDe

LQA&LDA

DID: I

(VERB) B:Y -00

(VERB) Is IU

(VER~B) QD.& 00

(VERB) H's$ -40NO

(VERB) FS. :.L 00

(VERB) GJDR CO

LUL :U
ENGLISH-TAMA21GHT LEXICON

PAGE 173

ENGLISH~TA1E1A2IGk1T LEXICON PAGE 173

DEATH

DEBTS

DECEASIED (F)

DEC EASEL

DECEIVE

DECEMBER

DECIDE

DECISION

DECORATE

DEC ORAT ION

DECREPIT (F)

DECREPIT ING

DEEP--TO BE

DEFEAT

DEFECT

DELEGATE

D.ELIBICUS--BEING

DELIVERED--TO BE

DEMAND

DEMOLISH

DENCLISHING

DENOUNCE

DENOUNCER (F)

DENOUNCER

DENOUNCING

DENY

DEPOSIT

DEPUTY

DESCEND

DESCEND

DESCENDING

DESERVE

DESIGN IN WEAVING

DESIGNS

DIESIR E

DESIRE

DESPISING

DESTINED--TO BE

DESTROY

DEVIL (F)

DEVIL (F)

DEVIL

DEVIL

DEVIL

DIADEM (TYPE)

DIAMCND

DIE

LIF-FER

DIFFERENCE

rlIVVErEWMTIATE

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

( VERB3)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VEliB)

(VERB)
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 174

ENGLISH-TANAZIGHTLEXuC-N PAGE 1m7

DINNER

DIRECTICN

DIRT

DIRT

DIRT CLCD

DIRTY (F)

]DIRTY (F)

DIRTY

DIRTY

DIRTY--MAKING S.T.

DIRTY--TO BE

DIRTY--TO BE,

DIRTY--TO BE

DIRTY--TO BE

DISABILITY--PHYSICAL

DISAPPEARANCE

DI S A SC E

DISCERNEENT

DISCOVER

DISC PET ION

DISCUSS

DISCUSS

DISEASE--SK.IN

DISGRACE, SHAME

DISGRACEFUL ACT

DISGUSTED--TO BE

DISHONEST (F)

DISHONEST (F)

DISHONEST

DiSHO NEST

DIS HC NEST--BING

DISHCNEST--TO BE

DISILILUSION

DISOBEDIENCE

DISOIEEDIENT (F)

DISOBEDIENT

DISOBEY

DISTINGUISH

DISTRESS & PAIN

DISTRESS & PAIN

DiSTEESS

DISTRIBUTE MEAT(SN)

DIST HICT--J EW ISH

DITCH

DIVIDE

DIVIDE

DIVINE MISEBICORD

DiVINE PROTECTION

DIVISION TO SECTIONS

DrIVO 1%rCEf*

AMNSI

D :R K31 fU N

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LLJSX

UT. : UB

TA NR$ UT:

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"w r7 r--

PAGE Il--.)

EN~;LISd-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 175

DO (S.N.)

DO

DO AGAII

DO MUCH OF S.To

DOCTOR (F)

]DOCTOR

DOG (F)

DOG (F)

DOG (F)

DOG (N.L.)

DOG

DCG

DOG

DOG-LAYS (IN SUMMER)

DOING HARM TO

DOME

DOMINATE

DOMINAIING

DCMINOES

DONATION

DONKEY (F)

DONKEY

DONKEY-LITT.LE

DOOR

DOOR--SEALL

DOO.RMAN

DOUBT

DOUBT

DOUGH

DOUGHNUT

DOUGHNUT BAKER (0CC

DOUGHNUT S

DOVE

DOWRY

DRAG

DRAUGHT OF LIQUID

DRAW A LINE

DRAWEii

DRAWING

DRAWING A LINE

DREAM

DREAM

DR~ID MEAT

DRILL--HAND

DliINK

DiiINKING

LRIVE

DFOOL

DU N- EDRHER

(VERB)

(VERHB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERHB)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

(VE RB)

(VE-R B)

TAQB: UT:
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICUN

P AG -E 176

ENGISHTAMZIGT- LXICN aGE--a 176

DULL (K1NIFEr ETC.)

DUN G--SBEEPeGOAT

DURING LAY TIME

DUST

DUST

DWELL

DWELL

D YE

DYE

EACH

EAGLE

hAGLE

EAR

EAR OF CORN

EARLY IN DAY

EARNEST MONEY

EARRING

EARTH

EARTH

EARTH

EAST

EAST

EAST WIND

E AT

EAT BREAK(FAST

EAT UP

EATING

ECHO

EDG E

EDUCATE

EDUCATE

EL U C AIC N

EFFORT TO CONVINCE

EGG

EGGE LAWI

EGYPT

EGYPT

EIGHT

EIGHTEEN

EIGHTEEN

EIGHTEENTH (F)

EIGHTEENTH

EIGHTH (f)

EIGH-TH

EIGHTIETH (F)

EIGHTIETH

EIGHTY

EILTHER.. .OR

ELDEST LAUGHTER

(VEiiB) He.FA I

TABREAUYT

XWAS:

ABN8UR.

AJD. RUR

(VERB) SKN 0(

(VERB) zDB 0(

(VERB) DB8 01

(VERB) 8M

KUL:

LBAZ:

AND: A

AMZ. :U8

TA$ BALT
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PG 7

PAGE 177

m. -Mdvpom 4 -a- -

EMBER

EMBECIDEB

EMBRCIDERY

EMPTINESS

EMPTY--1O BE

EMPTY,BE EMPTY

END

END

EN D

ENEMY (F)

ENEMY

ENGIVEEFi

ENOUGH

ENOUGH--HAVE

ENOUGH--TO BE

ENOUGH--TO BE

ENTER

ENTEIRING

ENTERTAIN

ENTERIAINMENT

ENTRUST

ENV ELOPE

ENVIOUS (F)

ENVIOUS

ENVY

ERASE

E RAS I

ERASING

ESC APE

ESCAPE

ESCAPE

ESPECIALLY

EUROPEAN (F)

EUROPEAN

EVEN

EVEN

EVENING (8-9 PM)

EVENING

EVER AS IN WHOEVER

EVERY

EVERY ONE

EVERYTHING

EVIL

EVIL EYE

EX:* (SEE NOTES)

EX: AND HOW ABOUT

E.X: AND THEN

EX:9 BAD, NASTY (Nt)

EX: BEECRE EATING...

TX, ENOUGH, OK

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(V ERB)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

(VE RB)

(VERHB)

(VERB)

(VERFB)

(VE RB)
ENGLISH-TAhAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 178

ENGLISH-TANAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 178

EX:* I DCN'T KNOW

EX:* If GOD WILLS

EX: 1S THAT SO?

EX:* ISN'T IT? (S.N.)

EX: LET'S GO

EX:o LONG AGC

EX: LONG AGO

EX: NASTY (N.L.)

EX: OH BROTHER

LX: OIN YOU (S.N.)

EX: PEACE (S.Ne)

EX: SEE NOTES

EX: SEE NOTES

EX: SEE NOTES

EX: SEE NOTES

EX:@ SEE VOTES

EX:0 SHOW ME

EX: SHUI UP

EX: THAI IS

LX:* THAI IS ALL

EX: THEbE IS NONE-NL

EX: WHAT 15 THIS?.

LX: WISh PROTECTION

EXCELLEET (F')

EXCELLENT

EXCUSE LME

EXERCISE (MILITARY)

EXERCISE--MILITARY

EXIST--TO

EXISTENCE

EXPENDITURE

EXPENS'E--HIGII

EXPENSES

EXPENSIVE--TO BE

EXPERIENCE

EXPERIENCE

EXPERIENCE--MAN WITH

EXPLAIN

EXPLODE

EXTINGUISH FIRE

EXTRA

EXTRAOREINARY (S.T)

E YE

L'YE--EVIL

EYL--PUEIL OF

EYE-bROWl

EYELASH

EYELASHES--SMALL

FACE (D-EROGATORY)

1" %FACET

MAYS:

N$A&L : AH

WAH

UYA$

Y AL, : AH

WAHLI

WAHWA

AXUYIA

&LIK: UMl

5: ALAM

NbAM

L.I&NDAM

LIS NDA$
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICONIAG 17

PAGE 179

- -W- ~-- - - - -Gft - A.10 - awvp .Wmx..Nm

FALCON

FALL (DUSTOETCe)

FALL (NIGHT)

FALL

FALLING (PEOPLE)

FAMILY

F AM IL Y

F AMINE

FANTASIA

FAR--BEING

FAR--TO BE

FARE

F AREWELL

FARMER

FARMER--TiENANT

FASHION

FAST (STOP EATING)

FAT (COCKING)

F AT (k)

FAT

FAT--ANIMAL

FAT--TO BE

FATHER--MY

F ATHfiER- IN-.LA W

FATIGUE

FATNESS

FAVA BEAN

FAVOR

FEAR

FEAST

F E A ST

FEAS L

F EAST

FEAST

F EA ST-- ACHO1URiA

FEAST--CELEBRATE

FEATHERS.

FEBEUARI

FECES (N.L.)

FECES

FEED (ANIMAL)

FEED (ANIMALS)

FEEDIN~G TROUGH

F EM ALE

FENCE--BUILD

kFENCE--EUTTING UP

F ENNEL

iENUGREE K

FERRET

TETIcLE FIELD. RT TT

IJIDRI

(VERB) 0505

(VERB) A

(VERB) UIDA

ANF: ID.

LAHL

AYT

T:*BUt.ID. A

AB&AD

(VERB) B&D

T:AMAN

AFL:Aii.

AXM: AS
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 18o

ENGLISH-AmAZIGH LEXICONPAGE..8

FIFTEEN

FIFIEENTH (F)

FIFIEENTH

FIFTH (f)

FIFTH

FIFTIETh (F)

FIFTIETh

FIFTY

FIGHT

FIGHT

FIGHT

FIGHT

FIGS

FILE (TCOL)

FILL

FILL

FILLED WITH FOOD--BE

FILLING

FILTER

FILTER

FILTERING LIQUIDS

FIND

FIND

FINE

FIN E

FINE--ltPOSE

FINE--IMPOSING

FINGER

FINGER--INDEX

FINGER--INDEX

FINGER.-- LITTLE

FINGER-- LITTLE

FINGER--MIDDLE

FINGER--RING

FINGERNAIL

FINISH

FINISH

FINISHIED--TO BE

FINISHING

FIRE (N.L.)

FIRE

FIRE

FIRE--EXTINGUISH

FIRE--LARGE

FIRE-BRAND

FIRE

FIRST (f)

FIRST

FIRST

(VE 1B)

(VERB)

(VER13)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

(V ERIB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

( V ERB)

(V ERB)

(VE EB)

(VERI3)
ENGLISiI-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PG 8

PAG E 181

IAW- - ..Wft -me

FISHERMAN

FISHING HOOK

FIT WITH

FIVE

FIX--BE IN F.INANCIAL

FLAT

FLAT--TC BE

FLAT--TO BE

FLATTEN BREAD

FLATTEN BREAD

FLATIENING

FLAITENING BREAD

FLATTER

FLATTERER (F)

FLATTERER

FLEA

FLEA

FLEECE

FLI NG

F LOCK

FLOOD (bIVE R)

FLOOD

F LO U R

FLOUR--BOUGH

FLOWER

FLU

FLUTE

FLUTE PLAYER

FLY

FLIY

(VERB)

(VERHB)

(VE-RB)

(VE RB)

(VE RB)

(YE AB)

(V E aB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

( V E RB)

A S. Y -A Do

TASN: AROmT

MSASA

XMS A

N : U.A Z

LUD.A

STWA

To ARU.e

8 R.F

D. L:&

AML: S

AD.0 L:&

LH. LH.

TALH.LAU. T

ALUS LAB.

TAX: [JYT

$URDU

ILILS

Z .AWD.

AQ: D.I&

LU. MLT

ARN
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 182

ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 182

FOREST

FOREST GUARD

FORETELL

FOREVER

FORGET

FORGIVE (BY GOD)

FORGIVE (BY GOD)

FORGIVE

FORGIVEN-ESS (BY GOD)

FORGIVENESS

FORMERLY

FORT

FORTIETH (F)

FORTIETH

FORTUNE

FORTUNE-TELLER (F)

FORTUNE-TELLER

FORTY

FOUL-SMELLING (F)

FOUL-SMELLING

FOUND--IC BE

FOU NDAT ION--BUILDING

FOUR

FOUETEEN

FCOURTEE N

FOUR-TEENTH (F)

FOURTEENTH

FOURTH(F

FOURTH--ONE

FOX (F)

FOX

FRANC

FRANCE

FRANKLY

FRANKNESS

FREE

FRENCH LANGUAGE

FRILAY

FRI END (F)

FRIEND

FRIENDS---TO BE

kRIENDSEIP

FRIENDSHIP

FhlIGHTh NEL- -BEING

FRI NGES

F HOG

F HO G-- LARGE

F fO0m

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

( VERBw)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

L8ABT F AR

BU8A13A M AR

$AYF NO T AR

ABDA AR

T: U NO I BE

&FU NO IlAR

8FIR 00 1 AR
ENGLISH-TAMA2§LGHT LEXICON PG 8

PAGE 183

-5 ~- --ow

FROST

FROWN

FB OW N IN G

FRUIT

FRY

F'RY IN G

FRYING EAN

F UN

FUN CF--MAKE

F U N - - Hf A V E

FUNCTION WELL--GO,

FUNCTION--ADMINO

FUNEEAL

FUNNEL

FUNNY HEAD COVER

FURUNCLE

GAIN (FINANCIAL)

GAMBLE

GAMBLER (F)

GAMBLER

GAMBLINE

GARDEN

GAS LAMI

GATHER

GATHERING

GAUI)Y---EE

GAZELLE

G ENEEOSI51TY

GENEFOUS.--BE

GET ACCUSTOMED TO

GET MARFIED

GET CUT OF THE WAY

GET S" CUT TROUBLE

GET TIRED

GET UP

GET USEL TO

GETTING UP

GETTING USED TO S.T

G iiOS T

GlIDYAP (FOR DONKEY)

GIDDYAP (FOR HORSE)

GIFT

GIFT AT BABY SHOWER

GINGER

GIRL

GIRL

GIRLS

GIV k

GIVE BACK

IVE BACr .-n K S.T.

AJRI S

(VERB) &B: S

A& B:40S

LFA KYA

(V LR1B) Q:LA

AQLAY

LMQLA

_ N: A$ATo

(VE:RB) QB:-DO

(VERB) QS. :R40

(VERB) T:M$A

LUD.* IFT

LGNAZT
PAGE 184

ENt"i"LISH-TAMA21GHT LEXICON

ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 184

GLASS

GLASS Of KEROS LAMP

GLASSES

GLEANING

GLUE

GO (FCIE COW)

GO

GO AREAL

GO AWAY (FOR DOG)

GO AWAY (FOR DOG)

GO AWAY (FOR GOAT)

GO AWAY (FOR CAT)

GO AWAY (FOR DOG)

GO BACK

GO BACKWARD

GO FOR WALK

GO IN ThE MORNING

GO MEET

GO MEET

GO NEAR

GO ON PILGRIMAGE

GO OUT

GO TO MARKET

GO TOWABD1

GO, FUNCTION WELL

GOAT (1)

GOAT

GOAT

GOAT MEAT

GOAT--KID (F)

GOAT--KID

GOAT--NEW BORN

GOAT--SMALL

GOAT-SKIN FOR WATER

GOD

GOD

GOING (VH FOR "SIR")

GOING HOME IN EVE

GO-ING IN MORNING

GOING OUT

GOING 'IC MARKET

GO-ING, GOES (S.No)

GOLD

GOLD

GOO D(F)

GOOD (NCUN)

GOOD (S.N.)

GOOD

GOOD

GOO- VENIN

Z: AJ

TAZ:AJT

N:D.: AR.AT

ALQ: D.

L:SAQ

H aA W

(VERB) R.*AH.

(VERB) ZAYD

M$: I

IX0

S. LG

(VEhB) 61D

(VERiB) D:IRZ
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 185

ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 185

GOOD EYE

GOODS

GOSPEL

GOSSIP

GOVERN

GOVERVIhG

GOV E RNO R

GRAB

GRAB

GBABBING

GRAIN

GRAIN BASKET

GRAIN BASKET

GRAIN OF WHEAT

GRAINS--BOASTED

GRAM

GRANDFATHER (VOC)

GRANDFATHER

GRANDMA (ADD,)

GRANDMCIHEIR (REF)

GRAPES (BUNCH)

GRAPES

GRASS

GRASS--CUT

GRASSHOPPER

GRASSHOF PER--S MIALL

GRATIS

GRAZE

GREASE

GREED

GREEN (F)

GREEN

GREEN PEPPER

GREEN--TO RE

GREENNESS

GBEET

GREETING

GREY (F)

GREY

GREY HAIR

GREY HAIR--TO HAVE

GREY-HAIRED (F)

GREY-HAIRED

GREYHOUtD (F)

GREYHOUND

GRIEF

GRIEF

GRIEF

GRIEF

GRILLEDT V--TO BE_

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

L. AYHN: IK:
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 186

ENGLIS[1-TAMAZIGHI LEXICON PAGE 186

GBOUND--TO BE

GROUP CE ANIMALS

GROUP CF PEOPLE

GROUP OF PEOPLE

GROW (NCT PEOPLE)

GROW AGAIN

GRUDGE

GUARANTEE

GUARANTEE

GUARD (F)

GUARD

GUARD

GUARD AGAINST

GUARDING

GUEST (F)

GUEST

GUIDE

GUIDING

GUTTER

HABIT

HABIT

HAIR

HAIR

HAIR STYLE FOR BOYS

HAIR--BEAUTIFUL

HAIR--GREY

HAIR--HCRSE

HAI-R--PUBIC

HAIR--TUFT OF

H A ICUT

HALF

HALTER

HAMMER

H AM MEIR

HAMMER

HAMMERING

HAND

HAND DRILL

HAND WAS"iHING BASIN

HAND--PALM OF

HAND--SIRETCH

HANDKERCHIEF

HANESOME (F)

HANLSOME

HANG

H A NG ING

HiANGING--TO BE

HAPPEN

HAPPINE.SS

(VERB) N8D

AQ: DoI&

ARBI&

TARBI&T

(VERB) 8LiY

(VE RB) XLF

LH. SIFT

Do.-NANT

(VERB) D.wN

TA&S: *AST

(VERB) &s4-0S

A&SAS

(VERB) VS. :A

L&S: A
ENG'LISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 187

ENGLTSH-TANATIGHT LEXICON PAGE 187

HARM

HARM TO--DOING

HAR NESS --MULEfDON KEY

HARSH VCICE--TU HAVE

HARVEST (AUTIUMNq)

HARVEST (FALL)

HARVEST (SUMMER)

H AR V EST

HARVEST

HARVESTER (0CC.)

HiAEVESTING

HARVESTING

H ASTE

HASTE

HATE

Hi AT E

HATRED

HATRED

H ATR ED

HAVE ENCUGH

HAVE fUN

HAVE LIGHT

HAVE MEBCY ON 5,0.

HE

HiE WHO

HIAL

HEAD

HEAL BAND

HEAD COVER--FUNNY

liE AL ACH E--G IVI NG

HEADEACHE --MIGRAINE

HEADACHE--TO GIVE

H EALT H

HE'_ALTHiY--TO BE

HEALTHY--TO BE

HEAP BARLEY, WHEAT

HEAP WHEAT, BARLEY

HEAR

HEARTH

HEAT

H EA VEN

HEAVENLY RECOPIPEN.S5AT

HEAVINES

HEAVY (f)

HiEAVY--IC BE

HEDGEHOG

HEEL

HELLO(: . OTMT

D-o :R-wNM AR

ADe Y:& NMAR

so :He.INA F BE

(VERB) BH.o BH. 00 N AR

(V.6RB) XR. :f 00 £ AR

LXR.IF M AR

(VERB) S.y:F 00 T AR

(VERB) MJR 00 T BE

ANBDU N BE

ANMJAki14 BE*F

AMJR M BE

AS.Y: F M AR

Z:RBT F AR

AZRAB N AR

(VERB) KRH CO T AR
ENGLISif-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAG E 188

ENLS -AMAZIGHT--L-9XICONWPAGE i 8W

H EN

HENNA

HER (PRONOUN AFFIX)

HE R

HER ALONE

HERD OF BOVINE

HERDER--CATTLE

HERDING--CATTLE

HERDING--SHEEP

HERE (SEE NOTES)

HERE

HERE---FROM

HERf--FFiOM

HERPES

HERS

HERS

HICCC(JGH

B IDE

HIDE

HIDE

HIDING

HIGH EXEENSE

HIGH--TO BE

HIM (PEON. AFFIX)

HIM

HIM ALONE

HIP BONE

HIS

HIS

HISTORY

HIT

HIT WITH HEAD

HIVE

HOARSE (F)

HOARSE

HOLD EACH OTHER

HOLE

HOLE

HOLE IN GROUND

BOLES IN HOUSE WALL

HOLIDAYS

HOME

HOMESICK--TO 'BE

HONEY

HOOD

HOO F

HOOFS (ANIMAL)

HOOK--FISHING

HOPE

HrNre - ,

TYAZ* IT*

LH. N: -1

NT: AT:

UOH.aD N :S

TWALA

AKS:AB

5: RH.

S : R H

HAHY: A

DA

5: YA

S:A

TFIRI
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 189

ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 189

HORSk--WHITE

HORSE-RIDER

HORSEFLY

HORSEMA1E

HORSESHOE

HOSPITALITY

HOT (N. L,)

HOT--TO BE (FOODS)

HOT--TO BE

HOURB

HOUSE (N.*L.)

HOUSE

HOUSE

HOUSE IE RUINS

HOUSE--SHABBY

HOW MANY

HOW MANY

HOW MUCH

HOW MUCH

HOW?

HUMAN BEING

HUMAN BEING

HUMAN BEING

HUMAN BEING

HUM.AN BEING

HUMIDITY

HUNDRED KILOGRAMS

HUNDEEDIH (F)

HUNDEEDIH

HUNGER

HUNT

HUNT

HUNTER

HUNTER

HURRY

HURRY UE

HUSBAND

HYENA

HYPOCRITE

IF (IMPCSSLB.LE)

IF (IMPOSSIBLE)

IF (IMPCSSIBLE)

IF (PROBABLE)

ILLEGITIMATE CHILD

ILLEGITIMATE CHILD-F

IMAM

IMMEDIAIELY

IMP. SUE. (1 P.m.)

IMPEJA. SUF. 1 MD-)

All. DADI

AMNAY

IZ B:

AM.NA Y

TSILI

Do :YAPT

To.: I

(VE RB) HoR.

(VERB) Ho.MA

S: A&A

DAD: AR

T AD: ART

TAXANT
ENGLISH-TAMAZiGHT LEXICON PG 9

PAGE 190

INPER. SUFF. (2 FPe)

IMPLORE

IMNPLO RE

IMPGlITF--BEIN(3G

IMPOLITE--TO BE

IMPOSE EINE

IMPOSING FINE

IMIP RI SO N

IN

IN

I N

IN FACT

IN FRONT OF

I1- FRONTL OF

IN IT

IN ORDEE TO

IN SPITE OF

IN-LAW (F)

I N-LA W

IN

INCENSE-BURN

INCBCATIVE PdEFIX

IICURABL E-- ALMOST

INCURABLE--TO BE

INDEED

INDEX FINGER

INDEX FINGER

INDOORS

INDULGEhCE

INDUSTRY

IN FIDELR

INHABITED AREA

INHEEIT

INHERITANCE

IN K

INK BOTTLE

INSECT

INSENSITIVITY

INSIDE

INSIPID (F-)

INSIPID

INSULT

INSUIT

INSULT

INSULT

INSULT

INSULTING

INTELLIGENCE

INTELLIGENT (F)

(VE RB)

(VE HB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB3)

(VE LB)

NT

Hi a AWL

ZAWG

ABS AL

BSL

8R. m

A8R.ALI

H,. BS

DI
EVGLISH-TAMA2-IGHT LEXICON

PAGE 191

ENGLSH-MA2GHTLEXION aGE 191 sw

I NTESTIE

INVESTICATE

INVESTIGATION

INV1IATiION

INVITE ;.0.*

IRGN

IRiON

IERIGATION DAM

I RR ITATEf

IRRITAT ION--PRODUCE

ISLAMIC TRADITION

ISN'T IT (S.N.)

ISNTIT 11(S.N.)

ISN'T II (SN.)

ISN'T 11 (S.N.)

ISN'T I1 (S.N.)

ItT IS GOCD (N*.L.)

IT IS NECESSARY

IT ItS NECESSARY

I vORpy

JACKAL

JAIL

JAIL

JANUARY

JAW

JAW

JEALOUS (F)

JEALCUS

JEALOUS

JEA'LCUS--TO BE

JEALCUSY

JEW

JEWELEB

JhE SS

JEWISH DISTRIICT

JOINT Of BODY

JOKE, MAKE FUN OF

JCKING

JOKING

JOUENEY

JOY

JOY

JOY TRILLING SOUNDS

JUDGEi

JUDGL~--MOSLEM

JUG

JUG---LA RGE

JUJUBE 'TREE

JULY

JMP lA

ASR.M

(VERB) 1H.T

.LBH, T

D.:YAFT

(VERiB) &AR.D.

LII. DID

UZ: AL

UG. :UJ

(VERB) S:JRURS

(VERB) S:JRURS

LII.ADIT

UYA$

YA$
ENGLISH-TANAZIGHT LEXICON PG 9

PAGE 192

w mlw

JUST

J UST

JUSTICE

KABYLE (F)

KABYLE

KEEP

KEEP

K EEP

KEROS LAMP--GLASS OF

KEROSENE

KETTLE

KETTLE

KETTLE

KICK LIKE ANIMAL

KICK--ANIAL

K-ICK--AhIMAL

KID GOAT (F)

KID GOAT

KIDNEY

KIDS

KIF

KIF PIPE

KILL

KILOGRAE

KING

KING

KING

KINKY--TO i3E

KISS (N. L.)

KISS

KISS

KITCHEN UTENSILS

KITE (BIRD)

KNEAD

KNEAD

KNEE

KNIFE--LARGE

KNIFE--lARGE

KNOCK Al

KNOCKING

KNOW

KNOW

KNOWLEDGE

KOHL

LACK SALT

LACK SUGAR

LADDER

LADLE

LAMB (F)

LAMB

i * IR A

81R

LB. Q:

TAQBAYLIYT

AQBAYLI

(VERB) JBR*

(VERB) JM&

(VERB1) XZN

TAZ:*AJT

LGAYZ

A8L:AY

LNQ: R.A$

A8L:AY
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 193

ENGLISIi-'TAMAZIGHT LEKICON PAGE 193

LAND--NCN-IRRIGATED

LANTERN

LAP

LARGE-- [0 BE

LARK

LAST (iF) (THE LAST)

LAST (IfHE LAST)

LAST

LAST YEAR

LAST--TC BE

LAST

LATE AFTERNOON

LATk---BEING

LATE--TC BE

LATE, DECEASED (F)

LATE, DECEASED

LATELY

LAUGH

LAUGHING

LAUREL

LAVANDEb PLANT

LAW--QUEANIC

LAXATIVE

LEAD ON RIG.HT PATH

LEAN AGAINST

LEAN MEAT

LEAN MEAT

LEAN ON

LEAN OVER

LEANItNG

LEANING

LEANING--TO BE

LEABN

LEAVE

LEAVE 5.0.

LEAVENEC--TO BE

LEECH

LEFT-HANDED (F)

LEFT-HAEDED

LEFT

LEkG

L EG

LB MC NADE

L END

LENDING

LENGTH

LENTILS

LESS (F) EG. HONELES

LESS (8:00 LES 5 fl)

LT SQ.AC.h O W P

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

(VE R 1)

LBUR

LF NA ll.

AJIWAL

MQ: a*.

TQU NB&T

TANG. :ARUT:

ANG. : ARU
ENGLlSH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 194

-WNGLISH-TAMAZIGHT-Aw LEXICON PAGE 19k-d

LICK

LICK F2l GER

LICKING

LICORICE

LID OF S.T.

LIE

LIE LOWN

LIE IN- WAIT

LIES

LIFE, LIVING

.LI GHT

LIGHT A MATCH

LIGHT--HAVE

LIGHTNING

LIKE

LIKE

LIKE THATI

LIKE THAT OVER TH

LIKE THIS

-LIKE

LIME

LIMIT

LINE Of LANCERS

LINEN

LINK

LION (1)

L.IO'N

LIP (DEEOGATORY)

LIP

LIP--LARGE

LIPSTICE

LIQUOR-- SIRONG

LISTEN 10

LIl'jLE BIT

LI VE

LIVE

LIVEbi

LIVING BOOM

LIVING--MAKE A

LIZARD

LIZARD

LOAF

LOAF OF BREAD

LCAF CF BREAD

LOCALLY CANNED MEj

LOCK

LOCK

LOCK

LOCKING

LCNG1%I (F)I-

ERE

(V ERB) L:8

(VE Ri) H.L$

ULIJ8

&~R QSUS

TAN DLT

(V ERB) 5S:*H.*IMLL

(VE RB) Z, : L.

(VERB) U.TAL

Ill. L:*AL

LM&I$T

ASID:
ENGLISII-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 195

ENGLSH-TMA2I-MT EXICN PAE 19

LCNG--TC BE

LOOK (FCR)

LCOOK AT

LOOK AT

LOO K FO B

LOCK FOE

LCOK OWL (TO F. P.)

LOOK OUI (TO F.S.)

LOOK OWL (TO M.P.)

LCOK OUT (TO N. S.)

LOOM (PART OF)

L CO N

LOCM CCIB

LOOM--PIECE HOLDING

LOOM--TC START

LOSE

LOSE PEIMARY TEETH

LOSING EABY TEETH

LOST--TO BE

LOT (A IOT OF)

LOT (A IOT)

LOUSE EGG

LCVE

LOVE

LOVE

L 0V E

LOVE COMPANION

LOWEB PART OF S.T.

LUCK--BA C

.LU NC H

LUNGS

MACABONI

MACE

M A D- -bhI N G

MAGIC

MAGIC

MAGIC--TO MAKE

MAGICIAN (F~)

MAGICIAN

MAIN POST OF TENT

MAJO*1FiTY

?AKE (S*N.)

MoAKING r--T, DIHTY

MAKING S.T. LAST

MAKING *STEW

MALE

MAN

NAN WITE EXPERIENCE

n AR NI U *irE A'

(VEL'R B)

(VERB)

(V E RB)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(V ERiB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(V E RB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VER B)

ENGLISH-TAMA2IGHT LEXICON PG 9

PAGE 196

-Wdo -Now ..w me*

MARBLE

MARCH

MARE

MARES

MARK

MARK

MARKET

MA.RKET--GO TO (VERB)

MARKET--GOLING TO

MARRIAGI--REGISTER (VERB)

MARRIED--GET (VERB)

MARRY, GET MARRIED (VERB)

MASON

MASSAGE (VERB)

MASSAGE (VERB)

MASSAGE (VERB)

MASSAGI14G

MASSEUR

MAT

MAT

MATCH

MATCH--IIGHT A (VEIRB)

MATCHES

MATERIAL (LINEN)

MATERiIAL--J3ASIC

MAY

MAYBE

MAYBE

MAYBE

MAYBE

MAYBE, NOT PROBABLE

ME

ME ALONE

MEAL--LAST (S.N.)

MEANINGLESS TALK

MEASURE

MEASURING

MEASURING CUP

MEASURING POT

MEAT (N.L.)

MEAT

MEAT Of SLAIN ANIMAL

MEAT~-DISTRI.BUTE (SN) (VERB)

MEAT--DEIED

ME AT--GO AT

MEAT--LEAN

MEAT--LEAN

MEAT--LOCALLY CANNED

MECCA--TO GO TO (VERB)

*I 40 XAM

MAR*S

TAd MART

TI8AL:IN

T, : I'B&

LIMAR.T

5: UQ:

SW:Q:

QD. &

AWf

ML$

ABN:AY

DL$

KS:* L
ENGLISli-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 197

ENGLISIP-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 197

MELCN

MELT

BELTING

MEMBER CF AISSAWA

MEMBER CF AISSAWA (F)

MEMBER CF HEDDAWA

MEMBER OF HEDDAWA (F)

MENTION

MERCHANDISE

MERCHANT

MERCY

MERCY--HAVE ON S.O.

MESS

MESS UP

MESSENGEN

MESSENGER

MESSING UP

METAL

METAL

METAMORPHOSIS (S.N.)

METAMORP HOSIS

METER

MIDEAY (12 TO 2 PM)

MIDDLE

MIDDLE EINGER

MIDDLE CF S.Ts

MID WIFE

MIGRAINE HEADACHE

MILITARY EXERCISE

MILK

MIL K

MILL

MILLER (F)

MILLER

MILLION

MiLLIONTH (F)

MILLIONTH

MINARET

MIND

MINE

MINE

MINGLE

MINISTER

MINT

MINUTE

MIRROR

MIRROk1--SMALL

MISCHIEVOUS (F)

MISCHIEVOUS

MISER (i])

LMNUN

(VERB) ?SY

AFSAY

A&ISAWI

TA&ISA WIT

AHD:,AWI

TAHD: AWIT

(VERB) BDR

S:L&T

T:AJR.e

$: FAQT

(VERB) RwHeM

AKR. ES
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAG.E 198,

ENGLISH-TAMAZ1GHT LEXICON PAGE 198

MISSING

MISTER

MISTER clO-AND-SO,

mix

mix

MIX-UP

MIXING

MIXTURE CF SPICES

MOAN

MODER.ATION

MOLD

MOMENT

MONLAY

MONEY

MCON EY

MONKEY (F)

MCNKLY

MONSTER

'lON T H

MOODY (F)

MODY

MORAL PUNISHMENT

MORE THAN

MOFNING

MORNING--GO IN THE

MOEOCCAt~ COIN

MOROCCO

MOROCCO

MORTGAGE

MOSLEM (F)

MOSLEM

MOSLEM JUDGE

MOSQUE

MOSQUITOES

MOTH

MOTHER--MY

MOTEER-IN-LAW

MOUNT A HORSE

MOUNTAIN SUMMIT

MOURNING

MOUSTACHE

MOUTH

MOUTH

MOUTH FUL1

MOVE

MOVE

MOVING

MRS.

MUCH (Ar% f s e MUCH -4)

ABT. -,L

SIDI

AWD:I

(VERB) XL.:D.

(VE RB) S: AR

AXL. :Do

R. AS. LH.ANUT

(VERB) N DR4

LQNA&T

LQA.Li

DAQ: IQA

LTNAYN

R:YAL

LFLUS
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 199

ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 199

MUD

MUEZZ 11

MULE (f)

MULE

MULEDCNKEY HARNESS

MULTI-CCLORED (F)

MULTI-COLORED

MULTICCIJORED--TO BE

LMMBL E

MUMBLER (F)

MUMBLEB

MUMBLING

MUMPS

MURMURING

MUSHbOCIm

MUSICIAN (F)

MUSICIAN

MUSICIAN

MUSLIN

MUTE (F)

MUTE

MUTTON

NAIL

NAIVETE

NAKED (F)

NAKED

NAME

NAME

NAPE OF NECK

NAPKIN

NARROW--TO BE

NARROWNESS

NASAiLLY--SPEAK

NATURE

NAVEL

NEAR--TO BE

NEAR--TO BE

NEAR

NECESSARY--IT IS

NECESSARY--IT IS

NECESS.ARY--TO BE

NECK

NECK--BACK OF LARGE

NEC KLACki

NECKLACE

NECKLACE

NEED

NEED

NEEDLE

NEG. PREBL, .1TVIX (.N.

(VE RB)

(VE-RB)

(V ERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERIB)

(VE 1kB)

(VERB)

L81S

L MU DewN
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 200

ENGLSH-T0 AZGHT EXICN PAE 20

NEIGHBOE

NEIGHBOE--TO BE

NEITHER... NOR

NERVOUS (F)

NERVOUS

NERVOUS BREAKDOWN

NERVOUS--BEING

NEST

NET

NET

NEVER

NEVER

NEVER

NEW (F)

NEW

NEW BORi GOAT

NEW BORN LAMB1

NEWS

NEWS--ANNOUNCING

NEWS--GIVE THE

NEXT DAI

NEXT YEAR

NIB OF PEN

NICKNAME

NICKNAME

NIGHT --SPEND THE

NIGH L--AT

NIGfiT--S PENDING THE

NINE

NINE

NINETEEN

NINETEEN

NINETEENTH (F)

N INETEENTH

NINETIE IH (F)

NINE IE H

NINETY

NINTH (F)

NINTH

NO

NO

NO

NO? (EX.)

NO? (EX.)

NOISE, UPROAR

NOM'AD (f)

NC MAD

NOMINATED KING--BE

NCN-IRRIGATED LAND.

(VERB)

(VEjiB)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

ADJAR. LM AR

DJAR. NO T AR

WALA...ULA AR

TAMQL:QT F AR

AMQL:Q Li AR

ABDeAL.LM ARt

AQL:'Q M AR

m AR

TR.oAT$A F BE
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 201

E N G L I S HN o-T A M A Z I G H T L E X I C O N P A G E 2 01.... * .t ft .

NOSE--IC BLOW

NOSE--TO SPEAK WITH

NOS EBLEED

NOSIBLEID

NOSTALGIA

NOSTRIL

NOTEBOOK

NOTHING (N.L.)

NOTHING

NOT WITHSTANDING

NOVEMBER

NOW

NUDE

N UM1B ER

NUMEROUS--TO BE

NURSE CHILD

NURSING

NUT ON SPINDLE

OAK

OATH

OBOE

OBOE PLAYER

OCCIDENT

OCCIDENT

OCCUPATION

OCCUPY

OCEAN

OCTOBER

OF

OF THE SAME AGE

OkFER

OFFERINGS--RELIGIOUS

OFFICE--CITY HALL

OFFSPRING

OFFSPRING

OFFSPRING

OGRE

OGRESS

OIL

OINTMENI--APPLY

OINTMENT--APPLYING

OKAY

OLD (F)

OLD (F)

OID (F)

OLD (F)

OLD (1)

OLD

OLD

OLDr

(VERB) NS* Do

(VERB) N8N8

(VERB) G:UNZR

AG: UNZR

LU, IZ:

TINZRT

LKUN: A$

B: AH.

WALU

$:IL

NWANBIR

D.oURS T:X

HoZe:UDml
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGi 202

ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 202

OLD PERSON

GIJD--TC BE

OLD--TO BE

OLD--TO BE

OLIVI TREE (WILD)

OLIVES

OMEN--BAD

OMEN--Of BAD

OMEN

ON

CN

ON THIS SIDE OF

ON WHAT

ONCE

O NE()

ONE

CNE

ONE AT END (F)

ONE AT IND

ONE FOURTH

CNE HUNLEED

ONE WHO (F)

ONE WHO (EEL.)

ONE WHO TWA NGS (F)

ONE WHO TWANGS

ONES WHO (F.P.) (REL)

ONIONS

ONLY

ONLY

ONLY

ONLY

OPEN

OPEN SPACE

OPENING

OPENLY

OPPOSE

OPPOSITE

OPPOSITION--ARGUMENT

OPPRESS

OPPRESSION

OR

ORANGE (F)

ORANGE

ORANGES

ORCHARD

ORCHARD

ORCHARD

rDE' -r

(VERB)

(VE RB)

(VE RB)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VE Y i3)

AFQ:IR* N AR

WS: R 00 1 BE

$18 NO ItAR

QDM 00 I AR

AZN: UR m BE

Z:ITUN N AR

LNQ:D.IY:AT PF AR
ENGLISki-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 203

ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXIC~ON PAGE 203

ORIENT

ORIENT

OBIGIN

ORIGIN

ORPHAN (f)

OEPHAN

CSTRICH

OTHER

OTHER SIDE OF S.oT.

OURS

CURS

OUTSIDE

OVEN

OVER

OWL

OWNER

OWNERt CNE WHO (SN)

Ox (f?)

Ox

PACK SADDLE

PACKAGE

PAIN & LISTRESS

PAIN

PAINT

PAINT

PAINT

PAINTER

PAINTING

PAINTING

PAIR OF SANDALS

PAIR OF SHOES

PALACE

PALM OF HAND

PALM TREE (SHORT)

PALM TREE

PAN

PANCAKE--TYPE

PANTHER (F)

P ANTHER

PANT S

PAPER

PAPER--PIECE OF

PAPRIKA

PAR ADI SE

PAPALYSED--TO BE

PARENT (F)

PARENT

PARENTS

PARSLEY

PAi nRT

(VER13)

(vER B)

(VERaB)

LM$ Be I)

LM8 RI B

LAS* L,

T: AS. ILA

TAYUJILT

AYUJIL

N:&AMA

D, NIN

AJII: AD.
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 204

ENGLIS-TAMAZIGHT LEXICONImw PAGEw-SI 204

PART.: INTERROGATIVE

PART.: ORDIN. NOS.

PART.: CRDIN. NOS.

PART.: CWNER OF (F)

PART.: PRES. TENSE

PART.: BEMOTENESS

PART.: VOCATIVE

PART: USED TO (S.N.)

PARTICLE: FUTURE

PARTICLE: PLURAL

PARTICLE: VOC. (F)

PARTICLE: VOC. (M)

PARTICLE: VOCATIVE

PARTBIDGE (F)

PARTRIDGE

PARTY--EEING AT EVE

PASHA

PASS (VERB)

PASS BY (VERB)

PASSERS-BY

PASTE (VERB)

PASTING

PATIENCE

PATIENCE

PATIENT (F)

PATIENT

PATIENT PERSON (F)

PATIENT PERSON

PATIENT--BE WITH S.O. (VERB)

PATIENT--TO BE (VERB)

PATTERN IN WOOL WORK

PAVED ROAD

PAWN

PAY

PAY TITBES (VERB)

PAY, BE PAID (VERB)

PAYING (PAYMENT)

PAYING CFF

PEACE

PEACE

PEACE

PEACE

PEACE

PEACEFUL--TO BE,MAKE (VERB)

PEACHES

PEANUTS

PEANUTS

PEARIS

PEARS

PEARS

PEAS

PEASANT

PEASANT WHO PLOWS

PEDDLER

PEEL (VERB)

ISD-

WIS:

TIS: (F)

M:-

L: A

N:

YA

T:UX
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 205

ENL-aIT mAZIGHT LEXICON.04W.0-M PAGEX o 205

PEEL

PEN

PENIS

PENSION

PEOPLE

PEOPLE CF

PEOPLE CF A COUNTRY

PEPPER (GREEN)

PEPPER

PEPPiER

PEPPER--GREEN

PEPPERS (GREEN)

PERCEIVE OMEN

PERJURER (F)

PERJUIRE F

PERMISSION

PERSON

PERSON

PESTLE

PHOTOGRAPH

PHYSICAL DISABILITY

PICK UP

PICK UP

PICK-A-EACK (N.L.s)

PIC1B,CLEAN TEETH

PICKING THE TEETH

PICKING UP

PICTURE

PIECE HCLDINiG LOOM

PIECE Of PAPER

PIECE CF SKIN

PIERCED--TO BE

PIG (F)

PIG (f)

PIG (F)

PIG

PIG

PIG

PIGEON (F)

PIGEON (F)

PIGEON

PIGEON

PILE OF SIONES

PILGFiM

PILGRIMAGE

PILGRIMAGE TO MECCA

PILGRIMAGE--GO ON

PIMPLE

PIN

PINE WTrEE

(VERB)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERiB)

(VE RB)

AQ: $UIR.

LQLM

ABL: UL

LANTRIT

MID: N

AYT
ENGLISH-1AMiAZIGHT LEXICON PG 0

PAGE 206

PITCHER

PiTCHEOFK

P IT C H FO R K

PITY

PLACE

PLACE

PLACi

PLACE ECR RICHES

PLACE IC STORE GOODS

PLACENTA

PLAGUE

PLAIN

PLANT (PRY)

PLANT

PLASTER

PLASTIC

PLATE (F)

PLATE

PLATI

PLATE

PLATE

PLATE

PLATE--COUSCOUS

PLATTER--BREAD (SN)

PLATTER- -STRAW

ELAY

PLAY

PLAY A TRICK

PLAYING

PLAYING

PLAYING A TRICK

PLEASE (5.0.)

PLEASE

PLEDGE ALLEGIANCE

PLIERS

PLOW

PLOW

PLUCK

PLUCKING FEATHERS

PLUMS

POISON

POKER

POLE

POLE--SELALL

PULE--SELALL

POLiCEMPN

POLISH

POLITENESS

POLITENESS

A8R. : AF

TAZ: RT

TUZ:RT

(VE RB) Ha N:

LMAH. AL:

ANSA

AM$AN

L X Z IN

LXZNT

TIJMAT: I N

T. ASUN

AH. $LAF

(VERB) Z *: U

ANJMIRS

LMIKA

TAQS R. lYT
ENGLISH-TALIAZIGHT LEXICON PG 0

PAGE 207

POND--LARGE

POOL

POOR (F)

POOR (PATHETIC)

POOR

POOR HIM

I9OPCCRN--COOK

POPPY

PORCUPINE

PORTER

POSSIBIL.ITY

POST (POLE)

POST

JPOST--S LMALL

PUST---SLALL

POSTMLIAN

POT

POT--COOKING

PUT--CCUFrCOUS (PART)

POT--MEASURING

POTTERY

POU ND

POUND

POUNDING

POUNDING

POUR

POUR

POUR

POUR

POUR TEA (S.N.)

POURING

POUTING

POWER OF GOD

PRA IRI E

PRAISE

PiRAY

PRAY FOE

PfiAYfR

PRAYER

PRAYER CF FRIDAY

PBAYER--CALL FOR

PRAY.ER

PRECIPICE

PREGNANT WOMAN

PREPARATION

PEEPARE STEW

PREPAiiE TEA

PR ESENT (GIFT)

PRESENT

PRESEN--TOQB

(VERB)

(VERB3)

(VE RB)

(VERiB)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VERIB)

(VERB)

(VERHB)

(VERBw)

(VE RB)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

( VE RB)
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 208

ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON am- ..NpGE 208

PRETTY--TO BE (VE RB)

P RIC E

PEICE--ERIDE

PRICK (N.L.)

PRIDE

PRIDE IN--TAKE (VERB)

PRIDI

PRINCE

PRINCESS

PRINT

PRISONER

PRISONER

PROBlEEtc.--TO HAVE (VERB)

PROCURER

PRODUCE IRRITATION (VE RB)

PRO FIT

PRiO FIT

PROFIT

PROGENY

PROHIBITED (RELIG)

PROcMISE (VERB)

PROMISE

PROMISE

PRONOUNCE DISTINCTLY (VE RB)

PRONOUNCING DISTINCTLY

P ROOF

PEOCF

PROPHET (MOHAMMED)

PROPHE--BIRTH OF

PROSECUTE (VERB)

PROTECT (GOD) (VERB)

PROTECT (VERB)

PROTECTION--DIVIN-E

PROTECTOR--WOMEN (SN)

PROTECTORATE

PROUD--TO BE (VERB)

PROVE (VERB)

PROVING

PROVISIONS

PROXIMITY

PRUDENCE

PRUDENT--TO BE (VERB)

PRUNING SCISSORS

PSYCHE (LIFE)

PUBIC HAIR

PUBLIC BATH

PUBLIC BAIH ATTDs

PUBLIC BATH ATTD. (F)

PULL OUI (VERB)

PULLEYAr V

so BR.

T:ALIAN

so.'aDAQ)

DID: I

T. * AKB: UR.a

BUIRZ

$: N&T

LAMIR

LAMIRA

T. :LB&

AH.e B: AS

AMH*. US

N: H.AZ
ENGL.ISH-IABA21GHT LEXICON

PAGE 209

ENGLISH'-IAMAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 209

PUPIL (f)

PUPIL

PUPIL Of EYE

PUPPY (F)

PUPPY

PURE (ALSO OF THINGS

PURPLE (F)

PURPLE

PURPOSE (ON PURPOSE)

PURPOSE (ON PURPOSE)

PURECSE

PURPOSE

PURSE (F)

PURSE

PUSH

PUSH

PUSH

PUSH

PUSH DOWN

PUSHING

PUSHING

PUT

PUT MANURE ON EARTH

PUT--TO BE

PUTTING

PUTTING UP FENCE

QUARTER (1/4)

QUICR--TC BE

QUICKLY

QUICKNESS

QUIET--BE

QUIET--1O BE

QUIET--1O BE

QUINCE

QUI NCES

QURAN

QURANIC LAW

RABBI

RABBIT (F)

RABBIT

RABIES

RADIO

R A DI S H Eu

RAG

RAG

RAG

RAG

RAILROAD TRAIN

RAIN

RAT r.IBOW

TIMH.D. R.T

I MH .L).oR o

MUM: U

TBUBU$T

BUBU$

LH. UR.:,

TAZBIBIYT

A Z 3I1iS

&NWA

BL&ANI

L8R9ADa

LMQS. UD

TAQ:*R. ABT
EN(-3'LlSH-TA8AZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 210

ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 210

RASCAL

RAT

RATTLING

RAVE

RAVEN

HiAV ING

REACH

RE ACH

REACh 7TH DAY (S. N.)

REACH--MAKE

REAL'

READY--'IO BE

READY

REASON

REASONAELE (F)

REASONAFLE

IREASO NABlE- -BEING

REASONABLE--TO BE

RkCAL

RECEIPT

REC KCN

RECLINING

RECOGNIZE

RECCMVMENDATION

RECOVER FROM S.T.

RkCREATION

R ED (f)

RED

EED--HE

RED--POMEGRANATE (F)

RED--PC !'EGRANATE

REDDISH (F)

REDDISH

REDNESS

REEL

REFUSE

REGION

REGISTEE MARRIAGE

REGISTER, TO BE

HEGISTER ING

REGRET

REGRETTING

REINS

RELATED TO--BE

BELATIVE (F)

RELATIVE (SEE NOTES)

RELATIVE (SEE NOTES)

BELATIVE

RE L'ATM-rIVES.41

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VE HB)

(VERHB)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 211

ENGLISH-TAMZIGHT LEXION-PAGE-21

RELIGIOUS TEACHER

REMAIN

]REMEDY

REMOTE, OPEN AREA

RENT

RENT

bEPAIR

REPAIRING

REPEAT

REPLY

REQU EST

REQUEST

RES. TC GOODB3YE

RES, TO HELLO (F)

RES. TC HELLO (M--M)

RESCUED--TO BE

RESE[MBLANCE

iiESPECT

RESPECT

RESPECT

RESPOND

B E51T

REST

REST

RETAIN

RETREAT

RETURN 5.1.

REVEAL A SECRET

REVENGE--TAKE

REVOIVEF

RIB

RICE

RICH--MAKE RICH

RIDDLE

RIDE

RIDING

RIFLE

RIFIE--LCNG

RIFLE--LONG BARREL

R IGHT

RIGHT-HANDED (F)

RIGHT-HANDED

RIGHT

RING

R*1N G

RING FINGER

RINGING

R INSEI

RIN SE

RISE (SUN) rl'K

(VERB)

(VERhB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VE Rb)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

( V ER-1)

(VERB)

( VE RB)

(VERB3)

(VEIRB)
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 212

ENGLISII-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 212

ROARING

ROAST

ROAST

ROASTED GRAINS

BOASTING-

BOASTING

BOB

ROB

NOB

ROBBER IF)

ROBBER

RCBBERY

ROBBERY

ROBE (TYPE) (F)

BOBE (TYPE)

ROCK

ROCK--LARGE

ROLL S.T. (FOOD)

ROOF

BOOSTER

ROOT

ROPE

ROPE

ROPE

EOSAIRY

ROTTEN- -TO BE

ROUGH FLOUR

ROUGH, STRIPED RUG

ROUND

ROUND--TO BE

ROW

RUG

RUG

RUG--ROGUGH, STRIPED

RUG--SHEEPSKiN

RUG--SHEEPSKIN

RUIN, BE RUINED

RULE

RUN

RUN

]RUNNING

RUNNING

RUNNY NOSE

RUST

RYAL (14CR. CURRENCY)

SACK

SACK--LARGE

SACRIFICE-- ANIMAL

SAD2 (F) 1--VE17T_%yIRY

Z:-06HI R

(VE RB) Q: LA

(VERB) $NF

TURIFT

$: WI

A$NAF

(VERB) XW:*N

(VERB) $F:RBe

(VERB) $

TA$F.:AR.T

A$F: AR.

TA$F: ARvT

TWA $RA

T 1$BRT
ENGLISH-TAMA2.IGHT LEXICON

PAGE 213

ENGLISH--MAMA0.IGHT LEXICON PAGE 2134

SADDLE-BIAKER

SADNESS

SAFFRON

SAINT

SAIINT

SAINT

SAINTS (S.N.)

SALARY

SALARY

SALE--BE FOR

S ALESMA N--TRAV ELLIN G

SALT

SALT--LACK

SAMOVAR

SANLALS--PAIR Of

SAPPHIRE

SASH (BELT)

SATAN

SATAN

SATAN

SATISFACTION

SATURDAY

SAUCE

SAUCE FOR COUSCOUS

SAUCER

SAVE (GOD)

SAW

SAW

SAW

SAWING

SAY

SCABBY

SCABBY

SCABIES

SCAL-ES (FOR WEIGHING)

SCANDALOUS ACT

SCARF

SCARF

SCARF

SCARF BAND

SC ATTkER

SCHOLAR

SCHOOL

SCIENCE

SCIENTIST

SCISSORS

SCISSORS--PRUNING

SCOBN

SCOFipicN

SC"In1 RTCH

ABRD&I

LB. ZN

Z:&FR. AN

S:IY: ID

AMR.ABD.

S. : ALIHs

$:RIF

LZ'U NA

LIJAR*T

(VERB) NZ

AD L,*A L

TISNT

(VERB) MS:
ENGLlSH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 214

ENG~iS-TANAZGHT LEICON PGE 21

SCREW

SCRIB~E

SCUIf

SEA

SEA EGAt,

SEAL (S LAMiP)

S"EA L

SEAL

SEARCH

SEARCH AIMLE~SSLY

SEARCHEE--AIMLESS (F

SEAFCUEE--AIMLESS

SEARCHING

SEARCHItG

SECOND (F)

SECCND

SECRET

SECRET--REVEAL A

SECRETARY

SECURIlY

SECURITY

S EE I NG

SEEN TO 5.0.

SELF

SE MOL INA

SEND

SEND

SEND S.C. ON ERRAND

SEP ARAIE

SEPARATION

SEPTEMBER

SEQUINS

SERIOUS--KED BE

SET (SUN)

SEVEN

SEVENTEEN

SEV ENTEEN

SEVENTEENTH (F)

SEVENTEENTH

SEVENTH (F)

SEVENTH

SEVENTIETH (F)

SEVENTIETH

SEV ENT Y

SEW

SEWING

SHABBY HOUSE

SHALE

SHADOW1%Te.I'

( VERElB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VEliB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

( VE lB)

(VERB)

(VE I? )

(VERB)
ENGLlSH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 215

ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 215

S H A M

SHAME

SHAME

SHIAM E-- DISGRAC Ev

SHARE (LCTTERY)

SHARE

SHARP (8 PM SHARP)

SHARP (E PM SHARP)

SHAWL

S HE

SHE WHO

ShEEP (NoL.)

SHEEP

SHEEP

SHEEP

ShEEP

SHEEP

SHEEP HERDING

SHEEP--TEND

SHEEPOGCAT DUNG

SHEEPSKIN BAG

SHEEPSKIN RUG

SHEEPSKIN RUG

SHEET--EED

SLEIKH CF TRIBE

SHELF

SHELL

SHEL.L--A RTILLLERY

SHEPHERD (F)

SHEPHERD

SHINE

SHIPT

SHfIRT--lONG

SHOE

SHOE--LARGE

S HOk- MAYER

SHiOELACE (5)

SHOES (N.L.)

SHOES--PAIR 'OF

SHOES--'VICMEN'S

SHOP

SHOP

SHOP--LARGE

SHOP--TOBACCO

SHOP KEEP ER

SHOPPER

SHOPPING

SHOPPING--TO DO

SHOt3R- ) nI "PERSO71U N T(F)

Lii. YA

L&AR.

L&I B

ILA N

I LI1

ZUZT:

GD:GD:

TAMIZAR.T

NT: AT:

Li:-

LMAL

All. ULI

LKSI3

LIS B
ENGLISH-TAMA21GHT LEXICON

PAGE 216

ENOWISH-.No2I iIT LEXIONWPAGE 21

SHOULDEF

SHOUT Al S.O.

SHO VEL

SHOW

S HO W

SHOWING

SHRINK

SHRINKING

SHRIVEL UP

SHROUD

SHY--TO BE

SHY--TO BE

SICK--BEING VERY

SICK--TO BE

SICKLE

SICKNESS

SICKNESS, BEING SICK

SIDE (E.G. OF HILL)

SIDE

SIDE BY SIDE--BEING

SIDE BY SIDE--TO BE

SIDE--TBIS

SIEVE WITH BIG HOLES

SIFT

SIFTED--TO BE

SIGH

SIGNATUE

SILENT--TO BE

SILK

SILVER (TYPE)

SILVER

SIN

SIN

SINCE

SING (RELIGIOUS)

SING

SINGER (F)

SINGER

SINGER

SINGER

SINGER--RELIGIOUS

SINGING

SINGING--BERBER SOLO

S IR

SISTER--MY

SISTERS

SIT DOWN

SIT IN SUN

SITTING

SITUA m Tx niONi

A8IR.

(VERB) XAS.L

LB3AL. A

(VERB) N&T

(VERB) 1BY: N

ABY:N

(VE RB) KMU M: $

AKMUM:o$

(VE RB) KMUNM:$

L$FN

(VERB) STHSA

(VERB) to$

ADHA$
EINGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 217

EN(LISH-TALIAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 217

SIXTH

SIXTIETH (F)

SIXTIETH

SIXTIY

SIZE

SIZE

SKILL

SKIN AN ANIMAL

SKIN DISEASE

SKIN--PIECE OF

SKY

SLANDER

SLANDERING

SLAP

SLAPPING (N.Le)

SLAUGHT ER

SLAUGHTERING

SLEEP (VERB) (NoL.)

SLEEP

SLEEP

SLEEEING--START

SLOPE

SLOWNESS

SLY (F)

SLY

SLYNESS

SMALL (f)

SMALL

SMALL--1IO BE

SMART (f)

SMART

SMELL

SMELL

SMILE

SMOKE

SMOKE

SMOKER (.F)

SMOKER

SNAIL

SNAKE (f)

SNAKE

SNAKE

SNATCH

SNATCHING

SNEEZING

SNIFF TCDACCO

SNIFFING

SNORT

SNOW

SO LONGPM ASh

W IS: ST: A M AR

TIS:ST:*IN F AR

WIS: ST: IN LMAR

ST**IN AR

LQYAS LM A R

LQD:LM A R

S.:N&T FA R

(VERB) AZY AU N BE

TWAFRA F BE

A$LBIX LM BE

AJN:A M AR

(VERB) HDR 00 1 AR

LHDIR M AR
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 218

ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 218

SOIL

SC LDE B

SOLDER

SOLDIER

SOLDIER OF ?AKEIZEN

SOLDIER'S TENT

SOLICITUDE

SOLUTION

SCME

SOME (THING)

SCMEBODX

SCN OE

SON--ELDEST

SON--MY

SbN--YOUNGER

SONG

SONGS

SOOT

SORCERER

SORCERESSS

SORRiiOW

SOUL

SOUL

SOUL

SOUND (NOISE)

SOUP

SOUP

SOUR (F)

SOUR

SOUR--TC BE

SOUTH

sow

SPACE--OPEN

SPAGHETTI--THIN

SPARE

SPARE--TO BE

SPARK

SPAEKLING (F)

SPARKLI NG

SPAEROW

SPEAK

SPEAK NASALLY

SPEAK WITH NOSE

SPEAKING WITH NOSE

SPEAKING WITH NOSE

SPECIAL

S PEE CH

SPEND MONEY

SPEND ThE DAY

SPrrE kin m T"E NIGt"vo

$AL

AQ: Z DIR

(VE RB) LH.o: M

A&S. KR. I

AMXZNI

TAX2ZANT

LHM:

ASK:IN

R. B &T:

ii.D:

AMNZU

MM: I

MAZo U Z.
ENG.LISti-- TAMA 2 IGHT LEXICON

PAGE 219

ENGLISH--AMA. H.0LEXICONpAGE 219..w

SUIN

SPINDLE

SPINDLE--SMALL

SPIT

SPITTING

SPOILED--BE

SPOILED--TO BE

SPOILING

SPOO GN

SPRAIN,E.G. OF NECK

SPREAD

SPREAD OVER

SPRING (SEASON)

SPRING (WATER)

SPRING (WATER)

SPRINKLE

SPRINKLE

SPRINKLE

STAIN TC CLEAN TEETH

STAMMERER (F)

ST AM MEFREB

STAMMERING

STAMP

STAND UP-

STAND Uf

STlAN DIN G

STANDING UP

STAR

START

START SLEEPING

STARVE

STATE (SITUATION)

STEAL

STE ALIN G

STE NC H

ST EP

STEP-DAUGHTER

STEP-SON

STIE W

STEW

STEW--PREPARE

ST IC K

STICK

STICK

STICK

STICK

SUICK FOR CHURN

STILL--TO BE

S PTNG('

(V ERB) L-0M

TAZD. IYT

(VEREB) S:UFS

ISUFUSN

(VE RB) D.A&

(VER.B) FSD

AD. Y: &

TAB NJAYT

AL: 8Z. M

(VERlB) YSR

(VERB) 8R..F

TIFSA

L&IN

A8BAL
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 220

ENGLISH -TAMAZGHTWEXICN PAE 22

STIBRUP

STITCHES

STOCKING-T'YPE

STO MACH

STOMACH

STOMACH ACHE

STONE (SMALL)

510 NE

STONE TRIPOD (SN)

STONES--PILE OF

STONES--THROW (AT

Sloop

STOP (MULE-DONKEY)

STOP

STOP

STORE

STORK

STORY

S J10 Y

STORY

STRAIGHT AHEAD

STRAIGHT--TO BE

STRAINER

STRANGES (F)

STRANGER

STRANGER

STRAP CN BACK

STRAW

STRAW

STRAW PLATTER

STRENGTh

STRETCH

STRETCH HAND

STRETCHER

STRETCHING

STR1DE

STRIDE

STRIKE

STRING

STRING

ST.RCNG LIQUOR

STRONG IHIRST

STRONG--TO BE

STRONG--TO BE

STRCNG--TO BE

STUDiES

STUDY

STUFF

STUFFING

Soo,

R: $AB

TIJNI

TAR*8A

L?1&DA

TADIST

AZ. BAR.

TAZ.oR. UT:

AZ. B.U

IN: Y

A$R$UR

(VERB) $AR.:A

(VERHS) H*UDR
ENGLISH-T.AMA2IGHT LEXICON

PAGE 221

ENGLISH-TAMA2IGHT LEXICON PAGE 221

STUTTERING

SUBJECT--BE

SUBJECTING

SUBJUGATE

SUBJUGATING

SUCCEED--FOLLOW,

SUCKLE

SUCKLING

SUFFERING

SUFFICE

SUFFICE--BE ABLE TO

SUFFOCAIED--TO BE

SUGAR

SUGAR CONE

SUGAR--ILACK

SUITABLE--TO BE

SUITCASE

SULK

SULKING

SULPHUR

SUMMER

SUN

SUN--SIT IN

SUNLAY

SUNRISE

SUNSET

SUPERIOR--TO BE

SURE--MAKE

SURNAME

SURNAME--GIVE

SURPRISE

SURRENDER (S.N.)

SWALLOW (BIRD)

SWALLOW

SWALLOW

SWALLOW

SWALLOW OF LIQUID

SWALLOWED--TO BE

SWALLOWING

SWALLOWING

SWEAR

SWEAT

SWEAT

SWEATER

SWEEP

SWEEPER (OCC.)

SWEEPING

SWEEPING

SWEET--TO BE

SWEETNESS

SWELL (RIVER)

SWELL

SWIFTNESS

SWIM

SWIMMING

ATWTW

(VERB) XD.&

AD.W:&

(VERB) D.o:&

AD. W:&

(VERB) TAB&

(VERB) T.:D.

UT. :UD.
E'NGLlSH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 222

ENGLISH-TA0AZIGH LEXICON PAGE 22

TABLE

TABOO--EELIGIOUS

TAIL

TAILOR

TAILCR

TAILORING

TAKE (Fo..) (IMPER)

TAKE (F) (IMPER)

TAKE (I[MPER)

TAKE (IMPER)

TAKE (L1.P.) (IMPER)

TAKE

TAKE AWAY

TAKE AWAY, OUT

TAKE CARE OF

TAKE CARE OF

TAKE Eel* FROM 5.0.

TAKE OFF (EG CLOTHES

TAKE PRIDE IN

TAKE REVENGE

TAKING CARE OF SELF

TAKING £.To FROM 3.0.

TALK

T AL K

TALK

TALK--WEANINGLESS

TALKING

TALL (F)

TALL

IALL--TC BE

TAN (F)

TAN

TAN

TANNING

TAR

TARGET

T ASTE

TASTELES3S (F)

TIASTELESS

TATOG

TAXI

TEA (N.,L,)

TEA

TEACH

I EACH ER--RELIG IOUS

T EAC HINGC

T E A C T

TEARING

TEARS

rr EASEL-r

( V ERHB)

(VE R1)

(VERiB)

(V ERB)

(VEREB)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

(VE aB)

(VER13)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VE B)

(VEF(B)
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGy, 223

ENGLISH-TANAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 223

1EETH--PICK.CLEAN

TEMPER

TEN

TENANT EARMER

TENE SHEEP

TENT (PART OF)

TIE NT

TENT

TENT

TENT--YMAIN 'POST OF

TEN'--SCLDIER'S

TENT

TENTH (F)

TENTH

TETTER

THANK (GOD)

THANK YOU

THANK YOU

THAT (t')

THAT (RE.L.)

THAT IS TO SAY

THAT ONE

THAT OVER THERE

THAT WHICH

T HE FT

THEIES

THiEIRS (-FOP,)

THEIRS (F)

THEIRS (M)

THEM (F)

THEM (F) PRON. AFFIX

THEM (tv)

THEM (M) PRON. AFF.

THEN (AND THEN)

ThEN

THEN

THEN

THEN

ThEN

THJEN, AND THEN

THERE-FO

THERE

THEY (F)

THEY (F) ALONE

THEY (M)

THEY (M) ALONE

T1HIEF (F)

r'tIEFw

(VERB)

(V ERB)

(VERB)

FRN

AS. NI&

AXM:*,AS

AFLIJ

TAX ANT

AQilD. UN

AX AM

AH.w M: AR.

TAX ZANT

TXANT

TIS:&$R.A
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGi 224

ENLIHTAAMGToEICN-A- 2

THIN BREAD

THIN SPAGHETTI

THIN-'-BECOME

THIh--TC BE.

THING

THING--CUTE (N.L.)

THBIN K

THINK

THINK

THIbKING

THIRD (f)

THIRD (1/3)

T -IiRD

THIBST

THIRST--STRONG

THIRTEEN

THIRTEENTH (F)

THIRTEENTH

THIRTIETH (F)

THIRTIETH

THIRTY

T HIS (F)

THIS LUCH

THIS ONE (M)

THIS ONE HERE

THIS SIDE

THIS WAY

THOEN

THOSE (E.P.)

THOSE (f Pe)

THOSE

THOSE

THOSE WhO

THOUSAND

THOUSANDS

THOUSANDTH (F)

THOUSANDTH

THREAD (LOOM)

THREAD

THREAD fOR RUG--WOOL

THREADS OF LOOM

THREE

THRESH

THRESHING

THRESHING

THRESHING GROUND

ThRESHOLD

THROW STONES(AT S.0.

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VE-RB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

LMS M: N M AR

$:&RIY: A LMAR

(iLIU NO I BE

SDID NO I BE
PAGE 225

ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

ENGLISH-TAMZaGHT LEXION-MAGE 22

THU NDER

THURSDAY

THYME

TICK

TICKLE

TICKLING

TIE

TIE

TIE

TIE

TIE

TIED UP--BEING

TILES

TIME--DURING DAY

TIME (E.G. ONE TIME)

T.I ME

TIME

TIME

TIME

TIME OF LAST PHAYER

TIN

TIRED--BE

TIRED--GET

TITBES--PAY

TO (DIRECTIONAL)

TO (5 MiIN TO 9)

TO

TO EXIST'

TO HER

TO HIM

TO ME

TO THEM (F.)

TO THEMi (M)

TO US (FRON, AFFIX)

TO YOU (F.P.)

TO YOU 4F.S.)

TO YOU (M.P.)

TO YOU (M.S.)

TOBACCO SHOP

TOBACCO- -CHE WING

TODAY

TOE

TOGETHIEE

TCMATOES

TOMB

TOMB

TCMORRCW

TONGUE

TONIGHT

TOOTHm

(VE RB)

(V ERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VE HB)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VERYB)

(VERB)

TIJNUT

LXMis
ENGLISI--TAfAZIGHT LEXICON PG 2

PAGF, 226

TORTURE--1O, TO BE

TORTURE

TOUCH

TOWARDS THE TOP

TOWARDS UPPER PART

TOWEL

TOWN

TOWN CRIER

T RA CE

TRACK

TRACK

TR A 1)

TiiADITICN

TRADIIION--LISLAMIC

TRAIN--RAIL-ROAD

TRAITOR (F)

TRAITOR (F)

TRAITOR

TRAITOR

TRANSFORM (S.N.)

TRANSLA IE

TRANSLATING

TRANSPLANT

TRANSP-LANT

TRANSPLANTING

TRANSPORT

TRANSPORTING

TRAP

TRAVEL

TRAVEL

TRAVEL IN EVENING

TRAVELLER (F)

TEAVELLER

TRAVELLING SALESM4AN

TRAY (TEA)

T1READ

TREADING

TREASON

TREASURE

TREASURE

TREE (ShORT, WILD)

TREE (TYPE)

TREE

TREES

TREMBLE

TRIBE

T RI BE

TRIBUNAL

TRICK

(VERB1) MR:T7 c

1I&DAB

(VEB) He ADAJ

G. :SAWN

G a4*SAWN

Z:I F

TANDINT

ABR: AU.

LATOmR.*

LAT. R.

LAP:*IST

S.: oN&T

LQA&IDA

LB. ADIT

LIA$INA

TA8D***AR. I
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICUN

PAGE 227

.MpL.4p-TALIAZIGH LEXICON PAGw 22

TEOUBLE- -CAUSING

TROUBLE--GET -S.O. OUT

TROUSER S

TROWEL

TRUMPET

TRUNK (BOX)

TRUNK OF TREE

TRUSTEE

TUESDAY

TUPT OF HAIR

TU M MY

TURBAN

TUREAN

TURBAN

TURKEY (F)

TURKEY (FOWL)

TURN

TURN

TURN

TURN OVER

TURN, E.G. MY TURN

TURNING

TURNING OVER

T U HTL

TWANG--CNE WHO (F)

TWANG--CNE WHO

TWANGER (F)

TWANGEE (ONE WHO)

TWEEZERS

TWELFTH (F)

TWELFTH

TWELVE

TWENTIETH (F)

TWENIIIH

TWENTY

TWINS (f)

TWINS

TWIST (E.G. ANKLE)

TWO (F)

TWO

TWO

TWO HUNDRED

TWO THOUSAND

TWO YEARS A"GO

TYING HEAD COVER

TYING BEAD COVERS

TYING SHCES

TYiNG UE

TYPE

TYPErr* r

AXR.WD.

(VE NB) FK:

5: RAWL

TAML: AST

LK. :R.NIT.A

5: ND, UQ

AZQ:Ud.

LUKIL

LT:* LATA

TAWNZA

TADIST

A$D :AD

TBIBIT:
ENGLISH-TAMAZIOGiT LEXICON PG 2

PAGE 228

d.ow - - @.a- dvm.- Mw M .ft w -.0"

UGLINESS

U GL Y (F)

UGLY

UGL'Y--TO BE

UN-CULTIVATED LAND

UNCLE--?IY MATERNAL

UNCLE--hY PATERNAL

UNDECIDED--TO BE

UNDER

UNDERGO

UNDERSTAND

UNDERSTANDING

UNDO

UNEASY--TO BE

UNHEALTkiY--TO 3E

UNIT OF CAPACITY

UNIT OF LENGTH=50 CM

UNIT OF LENGTH=6O CM

UNIT OF MEASURE

UNLESS (PROBABLE)

U NT IL

UNTIL

UNTIL

UNTIL

UNTIL

UPHIL

UPPEE PART OF S.T.

UPPER PART--TOWARDS

UPROAR

UPROAR-- NOISE,

UPEOOT

UPROOTING

URINE (b.L.)

URINE

us (F)

us (mi)

US (PRUk~. AFFI.X

USED TO

USED TO S.T--GETTING

USED TO--GET

USEFUL--TO BE

USEFULNESS

USURIOUS INTEREST

UTENSIL S--KITCHEN

UT[LITY

VACCINATE2

VACCINA2ION

VAGINA

VALUE Of A MAN

(VE Rb)

(VE RB)

(VEIRB)

(VERB)

(VEIRB)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

AX$AN

TUX$INT
ENG.U.ISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 229

ENGLISB-TAMAN-GHT LEXICON0PAGE 422

VERIFY

VERIFYING

VERTIGO

VEST

VILLAGE

VILLAGE--PART OF

VILLAGE

VILLAGE

V INE

VINEGAR

VIlOLI N

VIPER (f)

VIPER

VISIT

VOICE (NOISE)

VOICE

VCMIT

VOMIT IN G

vow

WAGE

WAIL

WALLING OF WOMAN

WAIT

WAIT FOR

WAIT--LlE IN

WAKE UE

WAKE UP

WAKING LP SUDDENLY

WALK (NoL.e)

WALK (Nt*)

WALK (VNeL.)

WALK

WALK

WALK ABOUT

WALK--GC FOR

WALKING

WALL

WALL--LARGE

WALLET

WALLOW

WALLOWING.

WANT (NO AFFIR.)

WANT

WANT

WAR

WAR

WAR--TC BE

WARN

WARN

WJARRamNO

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

(VEEHB)

(VERB)

(VE RB)

( VER 1)

(V E HB)

(VERB)

(VERB)

(VERB)
ENGLISh-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 230

ENGLISH~TALb1AZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 230

WASHING

WASHING

WASHING WITH SOAP

WASP

WASTING

WATCH

WATCH

WATCH

WATCH

WATCHING

WATCHING SHOW

WATEE (N.L.)

WATER

WATER CARRIER

WATER PIPE

WATER--FRINGING

WATERMELON

WATERME1ON

WATERMELON

WATERMEICNS

WAY (ROAD)

WAY--THIS

W E (-F)

W E (m)

WE ALONE

WEAK (1)

WEAK

WEAK--TC BE

WEAK---TO BE

WEAK--TC BECOME

WEAKNES5E

WEAR

WEAR

WEfA R

WEAR A RELT

WEAR ON HEAD

WEATHER

WEAVE

WEAVING--DESIGN IN

WEDDING (FIRST DAY)

WEDDING

WEDDING--LAST DAY OF

WEDNESDAY

WEEP

WEIGH

W EIGHB

WELCOME (SAYS HOST)

WELD

WELDER (0CC*)

TARDA

AR: UD

AS.w B: N

AR. Z. Z. :I

AD. Y: &

TAS: A&T

(VE RB) h*:

LMAGANA

(VERB) Hm D*A

AR. A&A

AFE. :J

B: UB: U

AMAN

A GR :A B
ENGIISH-TAMAZ.IGHT LEXICON

PAGE 231

ENGILISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 231

W EST

WET--TO BE

WHAT (RELo)

WHAT AECUT?

WiHAT FOfi?

WHAT TItE?

WHAT---ON

WHAT?2

WHAT?

WHAT?

W H AT?

WHATEVEE

WHEAT

WHEAT PLANT--CH-OPPED

WHiEAT--GRAIN OF

WHEAT, PARLEY--H-EAP

WHEN

WHEN

WHEN?

WHEN?

WHERE?

WHEREAS

WHEREAS

WHERE VEHE

WHICH (BEL*)

WHICH?

WHILE

WHINNY

WHIP

WHIRLWIND

WHISKEY

WHISTLE

WHISTLING

WH.ITE (F)

WHITE

WHITE HORSE

WHIIE--BE

WHITENEq+S

WHO (REt.)

WHO (REt.)

WHO AMONG + PL. NOUN

WHO AMONG THEM (F)

WHO AMONG THEM (M)

WHO AMONG US

WHO AMONG IOU (F.PS)

WHO AMONiG YOU (MPl)

WHO?

WHO?

w HO?2

WHOl -A

L8R* B

(VERB) B ZY

A DI N

MAX

MA8 II

MAT:A LUQ:.T

MAX

M A

MAY

mi

MAT: A

AK: ADIN

IfMN DI
ENGLISH-TAMAZIGHT LEXICON

PAGE 232

ENGLiSH-TALIAZIGHT LEXICON PAGE 232

w H Y ?

WICK

WIDOW

WIDTH

WIFE

WILD ANIMAL

WILDEBNESS

WILLOW (TYPE)

WIND

WINE--EAST

WIN L-- WEST

WINDOW

WINE

WING

WINK (EYE)

WINKING

WINNOW

WIN NO WING

WINTER

WIPE

WIPING CUT

W I.RE

WIRE-NETTING (ANY)

WISDOM

WITH (I1 STRUMENTAL)

WITH

WITH I11FF

WITH HIM

WITH ME

WITH THEM (F)

W IT H THEM (M)

W IT H us

WITH YOU (F.P.)

WITH YOU (F.S.)

WITH YOU (M.P.)

WITH YOU (M.S.)

WITHOUT

W ITHCUT

WITNESSING

WCMAN

WOMAN JUSI HAD CHILD

WOMAN'S BELT

WUMEN

WCMEN

WOMEN PEOTECTOR (SN

WCMEN'S FACE PAINT

WOMEN'S SHOES

WO l 1r r n_ aC nDER, IT'S /1%ANG

MA8 R

MAYMI

TAFTILT

TADJALT

TIR:UT

TA[ T.:UT.:

LUH*$

LXLA

AS. ES. AF'

(VERB) RBH

AD. U

A$ReQI

A8R *BI

5: R.JM

$:R*AB
ENGLISH-TAMA2IGHT LEXICON

PAGE 233

ENGLWSH-IAMA0IGH0LEXICON PAGE 23

WOOL COLLECTOR

WOOD--CHOPPING

WOOD--COLLECT

WOOD--CC LLECTJLNG

WOOL--CUTTING

WOOD WORIK

WOOL

WCOL AFIER COMBING

WOOL THREAD FOR RUG

WOOL--CC MB

WOOL--IC WORK

WOO L-WOE K--TYPE

WORD

WORK

WORK

WORKER (F)

WORKER

WORLD

WORLD--CTHER

WORM

WORM

WORMWOOD

WORRY

WORRY,EE WORRIED

WORSHIP

WORTH--1O BE

WOUND (bo.lo)

WOUND

WOUND, EE WOUNDED

WOUNDED PERSON (F)

WOUNDED PERSON

WRAP

WRAPPING UP

WRENCHrE.G. OF NECK

WHESTLE

WRESTLING

WRETCH (F)

WRETCH (F)

WRETCH (F)

WRETCH

WRETCH

WRETCH

WRINKLEL--TO BE

WRITE

WRITING

WRITING

WRITING BOARD

YAWN

YEAR

YEI;Ap

ANZDAM

ASRAM

(VE RB) ZDN

AZ DAM

AZDAM

TANJ:AR .T

TAD. UFT

TA$LIDFA

UtIbI

(VERB) M$D.

(VERB) HR;L

AMH*.RBL

AWAL
ENGLISH-TAMA21GHT LEXICON

PAGE 234

ENGLSH-AMAIGHTLEXCONPM AGE 234*

YELLOWNESS

YES

YES

Y Es

YET

YOU (F,19)

YOU (F.LF.) ALONE

YOU (FA.o) PRONs AFF

YOU (F 0 s.0)

YOU (F.S.) PRON. A!?

YOU (F) A-LONE

YOU (MOE*)

YOU (M.P.) ALONE

YOU (MOE*) PRON. A??

YOU (M.S.)

YOU (M.S.) PRON. AFF

YCU (M) ALONE

YOUNG MAN

YOUNG WCMAN

YOUNGER DAUGHTER

YOUNGER SON

YOURS

YOURS

YOURS (FOP*)

YOURBS (E.P.)

YOURS (F)

YOURS (?; 0 Po

YOURS (h)

YOURS FOS*)

YOUTH

TIWR. 81

Y:IH

YAU

&AD

ALT U

$N:, INTI

UH. DN: $VT

$UNT

$1'

UH.s DN: *M

$N: I

UlII. DN:U N

$UN

$K

UH.DN:$

ATR: AS

TATR: AST

T1MAZ UZ. T

LAZ.UZ*

ININ: UN

IN IN: $

IN-IN: $NT

W.IN:$NT

WIN:M

WIN : ,UN

WIN:$

ININ: M

$: ABAL3

F BE

BE

BEF

AR
NOTES

PAGE 235

OmOTE.doS PAGE 235p -

NOTES

AKF:IF

AH.R:AZ

A$Q:IQ

AZ.R.:ID.

A&R.QB

BU-

G:UJR

HAHY : A

IN: Y

BREAKING OF WIND NOISELESSLY

SOMEONE WHO PREVENTS A WOMAN FROM MEETING

OTHER MEN, PROBABLY A RELATIVE OR HER

HUSBAND; IT ALSO MEANS "JEALOUS".

FIRST COUSIN; A RELATIVE OF THE

SAME GENERATION

BREAKING OF WIND WITH NOISE.

KILLING OF A SHEEP TO OFFICIALLY

CELEBRATE AN ENGAGEMENT.

OWNER (OF) ; HE WHO, E.G. "BULH.M:AM"

(PUBLIC BATH ATTENDANT)

HABITUAL FORM FOR "SIR" (TO GO),

AND "AR.AH." (TO GO).

HERE--PRESENTATION PARTICLE,

E.G. "HERE COMES MOHAMMED".

ONE OF THREE STONES OF WHICH

A TRIPOD IS BUILT FOR COOKING.

AN EXPRESSION OF CAUTION DIRECTED

TO F.S. DENOTING THAT THE REVERSE

OF A STATED SENTENCE IS TRUE.

(ALSO LI&NDA$ TO M.S., LI&NDAWNT TO

F.P., AND LI&NDAWIN TO M.P.)

METAMORPHOSIS, E.G. BEFERS TO GOD'S

PUNISHMENT OF CHANGING A PERSON

INTO A COW.

GOOD: RESTRICTED TO SUCH EXPRESSIONS AS

"S.BAH.LKIR.", LIT. A MORNING OF GOOD.

CAMPING OUTSIDE VILLAGE

YES IN RESPONSE TO S.O. CALLING

SOMEONE'S NAME

TO REACH THE SEVENTH DAY OF AN OCCASION,

E.G. THE BIRTH OF A CHILD.

"PEACE": THIS WORD OCCURS ONLY IN GREETINGS,

E.G. S:ALAM&LIK:UM (HELLO).

LI&NDAM

LMSX

LXIZ.

L6ZIB

N&AM

SB:

S: ALAN

NOTES

PAGE --,6

NOTES PAG E 236 N W-tm-.w d

S:H. UR.

S: IB&

S: MHBARAA

S. ALH.

$:RIF

$: WABI

TANFISRA

TFANT

TINITIN

T:UX

UL:I

UYA$

UYAM

UYAMN

UYAWNT

X:I$T

LAST MEAL BEFORE DAYBREAK DURING THE

MONTH OF RAMADAN.

SEVENTH DAY CEREMONY AFTER THE BIRTH OF A CHILD.

POUR TEA INTO CUPS AND BACK INTO

THE TEAPOT DURING THE PREPARATION

OF TEA.

SURRENDER; THIS REFERS TO THE DATE A

CERTAIN TRIBE SURRENDERED, OR IN

OTHER WORDS, ACCEPTED FRENCH OCCU-

PATION BEGINNING THE FRENCH PRO-

TECTORATE IN 1912.

DESCENDANT OF MOHAMMED THE PROPHET; SAINT.

TWO-POCKET BAG MADE OF PLANTS PUT ON

BEASTS OF BURDEN.

HOLE IN THE CEILING WHICH SERVES AS

A CHIMNEY.

CLAY PLATTER TO COOK BREAD.

PREGNANT WOMAN'S CRAVING FOR UNUSUAL FOODS.

PARTICLE MEANING 'USED TO' IF FOLLOWED BY A

A HABITUAL FORM, OR 'HAD' IF FOLLOWED BY PAST

TENSE.

AND; E.G. 8:10, LIT. EIGHT O'CLOCK AND TEN

MINUTES.

NEGATIVE PREFIX USED WITH THE HABITUAL FORM.

ISN'T IT? (DIRECTED TO M.S.)

ISN'T IT? (DIRECTED TO F.S.)

ISN'T? (DIRECTED TO M.P.)

ISN'T IT? (DIRECTED TO F.P.)

EXPRESSION MEANING ROUGHLY, "HIT HIM

WHERE IT HURTS."

(SAME AS ABOVE; ALSO: 'YAM' (TO F.S.)

YAWN (TO M.P.), AND 'YAWNT' (TO F.P.)

TO DO, MAKE; THIS WORD IS RESTRICTED TO

SUCH EXPRESSIONS AS "L.:A IJ&L FIK:

LBARAK:A" (MAY GOD BLESS YOU", LIT.,

"MAY GOD DO BLESSINGS IN YOU".

YA$

J&L

NOTES PAGE 27

&LIK:UM ON YOU, WITH YOU0; OCCURS ONLY IN

GREETING, E.G. "S:ALA&LIK:UM (PEACE

BE WITH YOU).

8A FUTURE PATICLE WHICH OCCURS AFTER REL-

ATIVE PRONOUNS, QUESTION WORDS, AND

CONJUNCTIONS.


P

Cultural Lexicon


PAG-h 241

INDEX TO CULIURAL LEXICON

INiEX ~.O CUI2IURAL LEXICON PAGE 2~1-1

1 **MAIN CATEGORY: AGRICUL~TURE**

11 FRUITS

12 VEGETABLEStGRAINS

12 THEES, WOOD PARTS OF TREE~S

14 RELATED AGRICULTURAL TERMS

15 MISCELLANEOUS FLORA

lie **MAIN~ CATEGORY: ANIMALS**

21 DOMVESIIC ANI AL$,FOWL

22 ANIMAL HUSBANDRYl

z3 NON-DOMESTIC ANIMALS

24 INSECTS

25 ANIBAL £PHYSIOIJGYgDOMICILE

**MAIN CATEGORY: L1R ESS,,CLOT4'4'

31 CLOTHING

232 CLOTHl

23 CLOTH-ING ONESELF

314 ORNAMENTATLONfCOSMETILSJEWELR i,RELAIED ITEMS

4 **M~AIN CATEGORY:*CLOLRS4**

S **MAIN CATEGORY:* VERBAL COMMUNICATION4**

.1 LANGUAGES

52 SPEAKINGeRE-LATED TERMS

3 NURSERY LANGUAGE

C4 CONVERSATIONAL EXPRESSIONSvNAM ESsADDJRESS ING PEOPLE

_55 ANIMAL CCMMANDS, ANIMAL SPEECH

56 SPEECH PLC ULI ARITI E$,pDEFECTS

6 **MAIN CATEGORY: LhXCHANGE**

El FINANCE,RELATED TERMS

62 BUY INGs SELLING fPLACES 0OFIBUSINESS

E3 ?IONEYrCOINS

7 **MAIN~ CATEGORf: FOOD**

71 AIRY PRODUCTSEGGS

72 LMEAT,MEAT PRODUCTS

13 b.RBADvBAEING BREAD

74 PfEFARINGoSERVING FOOD

75 PREPARED FOODS

6' NUTSiCANDIESlSPICE

17 MEALSvRELAT[ED TERMS

18 LIQUIDS

7J9 couscous

E **MAIN~ CATE6GORf: GENERhAl CULTURE**

El EDUCATION

82 CUSTOMSrFEASIS,RkLATED TERMS

E3 RELIGION

E4 RELIGIOUS TABOOS

s **MAIN CAIEGORY: LEOGRAPdY,0GBOLOGI CU NTRIESCITIES****'4

91 TYiPOGRAPkHiCOUNTRIE$,CITIES

S2 LINERALSLETALSoPRECIOUS STONES

93 WATER SOURCES

S94 DIRECTIONS

ND-L' TU CULIURAL LEXICON

PAGE 242

10 **AAIN CAIEGOI'L: GOVERNM1ENT.SUCIAL ORGANIZATION**

101 A1tiI1N1ST1ALLONji{ULiNG CLASS

1C2 CiIMiESILEGAL 'R MSB.ELATED TERMS

103 GOVERNMENT FUNCTIOUNSRELATIONS

10~4 CLASSERACSNATIONALITIES

105 L iELAILD TERMS

11 **M]AIN CATEGORAY: hOUSE AND HOME**

ill HOUSEKLEPINGRELATEI) TERMS

112 ROOMS3, BU ILDI N GSvCONST-HUCTION

113 T E NTL1:V I NG"

11'4 h I"A RTA'i, F1 RE

115 FURNITURE

116 LOO M f1--Ei1N G, WEAV IN G

12 **MAIN CATEGORY: HUMAN BIOLOGY**

1.21 PARI-S5 OF HUMAN BODY

12 SECRETIONS

123 HUMAN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

1z4 SANITATION, EDICINE

1 ""5 SICK NESS ESIA ILNTSo DEFECT S

12/-'6 PHfYSICA'L CHARACTE"ISTICS

11*47 MALE FEMALE CHRONOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

12 **MAIN CATEGORY: HUMAN MENCALITY**

1~4 **LM1AIN CATEGORY: FAMILY ,K1N.SHlP, iR1ENDSHIP, NARRIAGE**, DVOR~CE

1(41 iAMILY,KINSHIP

142 MARIIAL STATUS

1(43 FiiIENDSHIP

15- **MAIN CATEGORY: NUiERALS**

151 CARDINAL NUMBERS

152 ORD)INAL NUMBERS

1-53 FRACTIONS,RELAIED TERMS

16 **MAINCAIEGORY: OCCUPATIONS**

17 **MYAIN CATEGORY: R±CREAT1ON**

171 S.INGI.NG,DIANCE~iUSICMUSLCAL INSIRUMENTS

172 LNTERTAINMENTIGAiES

18 **MAIN CATEGORY: TOOLS AND APPLIANCES**

181 FOOD PiiEPARATION UTENSILSEATING UTENSILS

182 hARDWAdE

1 b.3 WLAPONSHUNTING AND fI~d-ING EQUIPMENT

16(4 WRITING

185 TECHNOLOGICALLY MANUFACTURED ITEMS

186 CONTAINERS

187 AGRIC-ULTURAL -IMP.LEMENTS

1E8 EQU.IPMENT USED FOR ANIMALS

19 **MAIN CATEGORY: TIME AND WEATHER**

191 MONTHS OF YEAR

192 SEASONS

1~j'j DAYS OF WEEK

194 CLIMAT E.PRECI1PITATION jASTRONOMY

CULTURAL LEXICON PG 4

PAGE 243

1 **MAIN CATEGORY: AGRICULTURE**

1 STATISTICS FOR CATEGORY:- 78

BERBER, 67 ARABIC,

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

11 FRUITS

11 STAIISTICS:

ALMONDS

APPLES

APRICOTS

CHERRIES

DATE (UNRIPE)

DATES

DATES (N.L.)

FIGS

FRUIT

GRAPES

GRAPES (BUNCH)

MELON

MELON

MELON

BERB ER,

Li Z

T: F: -AR.

LM$MA$

H. B:LMLUK

Ai3L H.

TINI

NINO:1

TAZ ART

LFAKYA

AD. IL

A13SRURL

LMNtIN

ABT:IX

TABT:IT

17 ARABIC, WE.

AR OL IVES

AR ORANGES

AR PEACHES

AR PEARS

AR PEARS

BE PLUMS

BE POMEGRANATE

B-E POMEGRANATES

AR QUINCE

BE QUINCES

BE WATERMELON

BE WATERMELON

Ali WATERMELON

AR WATERMELONS

STERN LOAN WORDS

Z: ITUN

L:I U

LX OX

TAFIRAST

BU&WIDA

LBR. QUQ

TAR. M: *ANT
PAGE 244

CULTURAL LEXICON

-MM -M - -m W- --MM 4mp- - -

13 TREES,WOOD,PARTS OF TREES

13 STATISTICS:

ACORN

ALOE

BIG BRANCH OF TREE

BRANCH (THIN)

BRANCH OF TREE--BIG

BRANCHES WITH LEAVES

JUJUBE TREE

JUNIPER

OAK

OLIVE TREE (WILD)

PALM TREE

PALM TREE (SHORT)

16 BERBER,

ABL:UD.

S.: ABR. A

A$T. :AB

A8Z .BUR.

A$T. :AB

$:D.B

AZG. :AR

A&R.&AR.

ABL:UD.

AZA:UR

TAZDAYT

TIZ.D.NT

7 ARABIC,

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

AR

BE

AR

BE

AR

BE

BE

AR

AR

BE

BE

BE

PINE TREE

ROOT

TREE

TREE (SHORT, WILD)

TREE (TYPE)

TREES

TRUNK OF TREE

WILLOW (TYPE)

WOOD

WOOD (PIECE OF)

WOOD (PIECE OF)

WOOD (PIECE OF)

WORMWOOD

14 RELATED AGRICULTURAL TERMS

14 STATISTICS:
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 245

.M no. .Ww w mm- -..mo-Mo

15 (CClBT,)

GRASS

LAU REL

LAVANDER PLANT

PLANT (MRY)

POPPY

RE ED

SAFFRON

TUJA

ALILI

AZIR

AEHI, $L AF

BSN:i & MA14

8AbNIM

Z:w& FIR ,A N

BE

BE

BE

AR

13E

B E

A R

SEMOLINA S:*MIDA

STRAW LUMi

STRAW 18L:p

TEASEL LXR.$F

THORN ASN:*AN

VINE D:ILIT

WHEAT PLANT--CHOPPED TADL WIN

AR

BE

BE

BE

BE

AR

BE

CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 2).L6

..Bm-..Uw vw -

2 **MAIN CATEGORY: ANIMALS**

2 STATISTICS FOR CATEGORY: 119 BERBER, 28 ARABIC, I

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

21 DOMESTIC ANIMALS,FOWL

21 STATISTICS:

ANIMALS PLOWING (2)

BEAST OF BURDEN

BLACK HORSE

BOAR

BOAR

BOAR

BOVINE.--HERL OF

CALF

CALF (F)

CAMEL

CAMEL (F)

CANINE

CAT

CATTLE

CATTLE

CHICK

CHICK (F)

COLT OF TWO YEARS

COW

DOG

DOG

DOG

DOG (F)

DOG (F)

DOG (N.L.)

DONKEY

DONKEY (F)

DONKEY--LITTLE

FLOCK

GOAT

GOAT

GOAT (F)

GOAT--KID

GOAT---KID (F)

GOAT--NEW BORN

GOAT--SMALL

GREYHOUND

GREYHOUND (F)

GROUP OF ANIMALS

HE N

39 BERBER,

TJUJA

LBHINT

AH.MAMI

ILF

ABULXIR.

AH. L: UF

TWALA

AYNDUZ

TAYNDUZT

AL8M

TAL8NT

UJL

MU$:
CULTURA-L LEXICON PG 4

PAGE 247

-22 ANIMAL HUSBANDRY

22 STATISTICS:

ABORT (ANIMALS)

CAGE

CATTLE bERDER

CATTLE HERDING

FEED (ANIMAL)

FEED (ANIMALS)

FEEDING TROUGH

FODDER

FODDER

GRAZE

7 BERBEkI,

8 R.0y (V)

LQFZ

AKS:AB

S:RH.

L&LF

&LF (V)

LNDUD

L&LF

AH. $LAF

LIDA (V)

7 ARABIC,

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

BE

AR

AR

AR

AR

BE

AR

AR

AR

HERDER--CATTLE

HERDING--CATTLE

HERDING--SHEEP

HIVYE

MILK

SHEEP HERDING

SHEEP--TEND

SHEPHERD

SHEPHERD (F)

TEND SHEEP

TIED UP--BEING

AKS: AB

S:* R H.

S: RlH

A8R. AS

Z. :Y

S:RH.

SRH I

AMISA

TAMISAWT

SRHS

A$RAF

AR

AR
CULTURAL LEXICONPAE28

PAGE 248

-- -- .M- ---- - -- Wft

'24 INSECTS

24 STATISTICS:

ANT

BUG

BUTTERFLY

CRICKET

FLEA

FLEA

FLY

GRASSHOPPER

GRASS HOPP ER--SM ALL

17 BERBER,

&$To.0,:UF

LBQ:

AFRTT. :U

BUR.JIJ

$URDU

TAX:[JYT

lZI

TMUR. 81

BURIXS

ARABIC,

BE HORSEFLY

AR INSECT

BE LEECH

BE MOSQUITOES

BE 110TH

BE SPIDER

BE TICK

BE WAS-P

BE WORMl

WORM

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

IZB:

AX: U

TID. :A

ABI13A

T$INDI

AWLL: I

ASL: UF

AR.0Z.*Z, I

AYT$A

AX: U

BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

25 ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY, DOMIICILE

25 STA~IISTICS:

BEAK

BILL
CULTURAL LEXICON PG 4

PAG-E 249

..U..d --0*- - -M-0.0 -.dm

3 **HiAIN CATEGORY: DRiESSCLOT-H**

3 STATISTICS FOR CATEGORY:4 46

BERI3ERr 34 ARABIC, 10 WESTERN LOAN WORDS

31 CLCT HING

31 STAIIST-ICS:

BAND FOR HEAD COVER

BAND FOR HEAD COVER

BELT

BELT

BELT

BELT

B EL TfMA N

BUENOOSE

BUCKLE

CAP

CAP

CLOTBiES

CLOTHES

CLOTHING

DJELLABA

FACE COVER

FUNNY HEAD COVER

HANDKERCHIE1

HEAD BAND

HEAD COVER--FUNNY

HEEL

HOOD

LONG SHIRT

PA.IR OF SANLALS

PAIR OF SHOES

PANTS

ROBE (TYPE)

19 BERBER,

A SFL

T.A$ D:*0AT:

TA H * :ANT

LH,.ZAM

TA SFIFT

s. :MT.,A

D:K:A

ASL HAM

LL3ZIM

T$A$:IT

AJLMUS

IH. WAYJ

I&BAN:

LKSUT

TAQB:UT:

ABRBUR

A$NBU$

Z :1F

TA&S. :ABT

A $N BU $

INIRZ

AJLMUS

T$AMIR

S. :AND.AL.A

S. : B: AYD.

S:HAWL
CUL~TURAL LEXICON PG 5

PAGE 250

-33 (COVT,)

WEAR A BELT

H.Z:Li

() AR WEAR O'N HEAD

AS:

() BE

34 ORNAKENTATIONCOSMETICSJEWELRYRELATED ITEMS

34 STATISTICS:

ANKLET

BE AD1

BELT---WGtAN#S

BRACElET

BRA1D--tAN#* S

BROACH

BROACH

DECORATION

DIADEM (TYPKE)

E.AR RI NG

EMBROIDERY

FACE PAINT-WOMEN'S

F.RINGkS

HENNA

IVOBY

15 BERBER,

AXLXAL

A& Q:1-0A

AMHR:F

ADBLIJ

TAZLUT:

TBUQ: ST

TIS8NST

AZW:Q

TAWNZA

TA'XRoSo T

T. :R, Z,

IZRIRI

A$K:U$

LH*N:I

L&AJ

10 ARABIC, WESTERN LOAN WORDS

AIR KOHL TAZ*ULeT

BE LIPSTICK L&KRe

BE MAN'S BRAID TAZLUT:

WL NECKLACE TASD:IYT

BE NECKLACE ASD:I

BE NECKLACE TASD: IYT

BE PATTERN IN WOOL WORK AMH,.RBL

AR PEARLS LJUHiRo

BE RING TXATNT

BE SEQUINS MUZUN

AR TATOO TI$R.AD.

BE WALLET LBZ.T.M

BE WATCH LM'AGANA

AR WATCH TAS:A&T

AR WOMAN'S BELT AMH.R :F

WOMEN'S FACE PAINT IZRI.RI

CULTURkAL LEXICON PG 5

PAGE 251

-W .4" qww -do.0-

4 **MAIN CATEGORY: COLORS**

4 STATISTICS FOR

B.LACK

BLACK (F)

BLACK--TO Bf

BLACKNESS

BL UE

BLUE (F)

BLUE'--TO BE

BROWN

BROWN (F)

COLOR

COLOR

DYE

Df E

GA'UDY--BE

GREEN

GREEN (F)

GREEN--TO BE

GREENNESS

GHEY

GREY (F)

MULTI-C0LOR ED

MULTI-COLORED (F)

MULTICOLORED---TO BE

ORA NG E

ORANGE (F)

CATEGORY: 20

ABRw:AN

TAI3R.:ANT

BR. N bi (V)

TIBRO NI

AZIZA

TAZIZAWT

zizw (V)

A Q: 11WI

TAQ:H WIT

ZW:*Q (V)

L: UN

8m (V)

DB8 (V)

B:R.oB$ (V)

AZIZA

TAZIZAWT

ZIZW (V)

TIZIZUT

AR. MAD. I

TAR.MAD.IYT

A13RoBA$

TABR. BA$T

B:R.B$ (V)

AWR.AR. AR

TAWR. AR. A8T

BERBER, 9 ARABIC,

BE PI NK

B E PINK (F)

BE POMEGRANATE RED (F)

BE POMEGRANATE RED

BE PURPLE

BE PURPLE (F)

BE RED
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 252

.MW,4100 AM - - - .419-m- - - ..Ak-m -.a-

5 **MAIN CATEGORY: VERBAL COMMUNICATION**

5 STATISTICS FOR CATEGORY: 93

BERBER, 118 ARABIC, I

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

51 LANGUAGES

51 STATISTICS: 2 BERBER,

ARABIC LANGUAGE TA&R.ABT

BERBER LANGUAGE TAMAZI8T

52 SPEAKING,RELATED TERMS

I ARABIC, 1 WESTERN LOAN WORDS

AR BERBER LANGUAGE TA$LH.IYT

BE FRENCH LANGUAGE TAFR.ANSIST

BE

WL

52 STATISTICS:

ADVISE

AFFRONT

ANNOUNCE

ANNOUNCING NEWS

ANSWER

ANSWER

ANSWER

ARGUMENT

ASK

ASK (REQUESI)

ASK FOR PROTCECTION

ASK S.O.

BEG

BLAME

CALL

CALLING

CHAT

CHATTING

COMMAND

COMPLAIN

CONGRATULATE

CONSULT

CONSULT

CONVERSATION

CURSE

DEMAND

DENOUNCE

DENY

DISCUSS

DISCUSS

EXPLAIN

FLATTER

GIVE THE NEWS

GOSSIP

GREET

GUARD AGAINST

IMPLORE

IMPLOSE

17 BERBER

CULTURAL LEXICON PG 5

PAGE 253

.mw -- -am wp -d -.M. - -onft_

53 NURSERY LANGUAGE

53 STATISTICS:

BAB3Y (N.L.)

BOOGIE IAN (N.L.)

BOOGILE MAN (N.L.)

BREAD (N.L.)

BREAD (N.L.)

BREAST (N.L.)

BURN (N.L.)

CANDY (N.L.)

CUT (No.L,)

CUTE THING (N.L.)

DATES (N.L.)

DOG (N.L.)

El: BAD, NASTY (N.L)

EX: NASlY (N.'L.)

EX: THERE IS NONE-UL

FECES (N. L.)

FIRE (R.L.)

GOOD---LT IS (N.L.)

HOT HiOT (N.L.)

28 BERBER,

MUM:U

BU&:*U

Bi&: .U

PAP:*A

BAP:A

BUB:U

T. :$:I

QAQ:A

DID:1

LUL:U

NIN:I

H USHUB

X: 1$

x A

-8A Ho

XIX: 1

FUF:U

iLB: UH.

T. :$:*9I

ARABIC, WESTERN LOAN WORDS

BE HOUSE (N.L.) 'DAD: AR

BE IT IS GOOD (N.L.) IB:U H,

BE KISS (1qLo) B H

BE MEAT (N.L.) $$

BE NOTHING (N.L.) 8*aAli,

BE PICK-A-BACK (N.L.s) TA&T:A

BE PRICK (N.L.) DID:I

BE SHEEP (No.L.) BA&:0A

BE SHOES (N.L.) BAH3: A

BE SLAPPING (N.L.) D: AHo: A

BE SLEEP (VERB) (No L.) X:sU$ (V ER B)

BE TEA (N.L.) TAT:AY

BE THING--CUTE (N.L.) LUL:-U

BE UDDER (N.L.) BUB:U

BE URINE (N.L.) P:00S: I

BE WALK (N.L,) DAD:U$

BE WALK (N.L.) H.DAD:*U$

BE WALK (N.L.) DAD-:U

BE WATER (N.L.) B:UB:U

CULTURAL LEXICONPAE 54

PAGE 254

-- w --Nb 4"a- - m -ft

54 (CC N I )

GRANDMA (ADD,)

GREETING

HELLO (M1. TC he1)

HELLO (TO OR BY WOMA

HURRY UP

IN FACT

INDEED

ISN'T IT (5,N,)

IS N'TT IT (S. No)

ISN'T IT (S.N.)

ISN'T I1T (S. No)

ISN'T IT (S.N.)

IT IS NECESSARY

IT IS NECESSARY

LOOK OUT (TO F.S.)

LOOK OUT (TO FP2)

LOOK OUT ('10 M.S.)

LOOK OUT (TO M.P,)

MAYBE

M1A YBE

MAYBE

MAYBE

MAYBE, NOT PROBABLE

11.ISTERB

MISTER SC-AhD-SO

MRS I

NAME

NAME

NECESS.ARY--IT IS

NECESSARY--IT IS

NICKNAME

NAN:A

5:0 L ANE

5: ALAMU&LIK:*U

L. AHI&AWN

HiNA $1

N:WIT

N:IT

YAWN

[JYA$

YAWNT

YA$

YAM

LAZM

LAB UD:A

XAR*AM

XAR. AWNT

XAR.A$

X AR A WN

L:*AN:

B AL AK

&LAYN

lMKN

NU * AL

S IDI

AWD:I

LAL:A

SM:A (v)

I SMl

LAB UD: A

LAZS
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 255

- - -0. - .- . --M ..M- dWM -06-

56 (CC N e.)

ONE WHO TWANGS

ONE WHO TWANGS (F)

PRONOUNCE LISTINCTLY

PRO NOUNCING- DISTINCT

SPEAK NASALLY

SPEAK WITH NOSE

SPEAKING WITH NOSE

SPEAKING WITIH NOSE

STAMIREB

A NYNAP

T ANFNAFT

FR:Z

AFR:Z

NFNF

N8N8

ANFNF

AN8N8

ANFNAF

AR

AR

(V) AR

AR

(V) AR

(V) AR

AR

AR

AR

STAMMEREB (F)

STAMidERING

STUTTERER

STUTTERER (F)

STUTTER'ING

TRILLING SOUNDS- -JOY

TWANGER (F)

TWANGER (ONE WHO)

TWANGS-'-ONE WHO IF)

TWANGS- -ONE WHO

TA NFN AFT

ATMTM

ATWTAW

TATWTA WT

ATWTW

TLILIWT

TAN8NA8T

AN8NVA8

TA NPNA FT

ANFNAF

AR

AR

BE

BE

BE

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR
CULTURAL LEXICON AE 5

PAGE 256

40M -01-da. .m -

6 **MAIN CATEGORY: EXCH ANGE**

6 STATISTICS FOR CATEGORY:* 13

61 FIVANCE,RELATED TERMS

BERBERs 52 ARABIC, 3

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

61 STAIISTICS:

ADVANCE (PAY)

AMOUNT

BORROW

BORROWING

BUDGET

CAPITAL (MONiEY)

CHANGE (MONEY)

CHEAP NESS

DEBTS

DEPOSIT

EARNEST MONEY

EXPENDITURE

EXPENSE--HIGH

EXPENSES

FIX--BE IN FINANCIAL

FOR SALL--TC BE

FREE

GAIN (FINANCIAL)

GRATIS

GUARANTEE

GUARANTEE

HIGH EXPENSE

BERB ER

T: SBIQ

LQDF*

R.Ds L

AlRoTo :AL

LMIZAN: YA

Re*ASLMAL

S. :R.F

Ro: XS.

AMR WAS

L&R. BUN

L&R. BUN

LMXS. UR.

L8LA

LLIS.R.UP

N:H.oAZ

NZ

BAT.*:L

R:BH.

BAT.: L

DMN

DP: MA NT

L 81A

26 ARABIC, 1 WESTERN LOAN WORDS

AR INTE REST- -USURIOUS R:BA

AR LEND )RwDL

(V) BE LENDING AR.T : AL

BE MORTGAGE R.:HN

AR PAWN Ro:HN
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 257

-00 w w 4up -.0m -M. "W Wwwwwaffft -Wmwft - .dm ow-

63 ?ONEYCOINS

63 STAIISTICS:

COIN-MOBOCCAN

COIN-'-0L2 CiROCCAN

FRANC

MONEY

BERBER, L

S.ULDI

GR$

PR. ANK

R:Y AL

A I

WIL

ARABICo, 2 WESTERN LO

MONEY

I MOROCCAN COIN

OLD MOROCCAN COIN

i RYAL (MOB. CURRENCf)

AN WORDS

LFLUS,

S. ULDI

GR$

AR: YAL

AR

WL

AR

A R

CULTURAL LEXICON PG 5

PAGE 258

-A* -d- mm

7 **MAIN CATEGORY: FOOD**

7 STATIS.-TICS FOR CATEGORY: 93

71 DAIRY PRODUCTSeEGGS

BERBER, 71 AR-ABIC, 4

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

71 STAIIST.

BUTTER

CHEESE--CO4IIAGE

CHEESE--TYPE

ICS: 5

BERB ER,

U DI

TI$LILT

A DX S

AIRA BI C WESTERN LOAN WORDS

BE COTTAGE CHEESE TI$LILT

BE EGG TAtiL:ALT

BE MIILK ASI

BE

BE

BE

72 MEATrMEAT PRODUCTS

72 STA ISTICS: 4 BERBER,

ANIMIAL FAT TADUNT

COOKED LEG CF LAMB DUE'

DRIED MEAT LQD-tD

FAT (COOKING) LIDAM

FAT-ANIMAL TADUNT

GOAT MEAT Lt&NZI

GREASE LIDAM

tAMB-COCKEU LEG OF DUF

LEAN MEAT LHBR.A

LEAN MEAT LHiBR*T

ARABIC, WESTERN LOAN WORDS

BE LOCALLY CANNED MEAT LXLI&

BE MEAT AYSUMI

AR MEAT (N.L.) I:

AR MEAT -OF SLAIN ANIMAL LUZI&T

BE MEAT--DRIED LQD:ID

AR MEAT-'-GOAT L&NZI

AR MEAT--LEAN LUBRST

BE MEAT--LEAN LHBReA

AR MEAT-- LOCALLY CANNED LXLI&

AR MUTTON LSLMI

TRIPE TADW:AR.T

AR

BE

BE

A-R

AR

AR

AR

AR
CULTURAL LEXICON PG 5

PAGE 259

-W- -W -M - w -no am - -"NN-.4mp AMW "w --Wm- m -"W .Msb

74 (CC KT.)

GROUND--TO BE

KNEAD

K NEA D

MAKING STEW

MIXING

OIL

P.EE L

PEEL

PLUCK

PLUCKING FEATHERS

POPCOEN--COCK

P0OURE

POUR TEA (S.N.)

PREPABE STEW

N8D

&JIN

ANS.AB

AXL9 : D.

Z: IT

SRM

AQ: $UR.

Z:R

TWAZ: RA

A RF

FR.s :8

S:0MRARA

NS, B

(V)B 1E

(V1) ARE

(V) -BE

A R

AR-

A R

(V) B E

A R

(V) B E

B E

(V) B E

(V) A R

(V) 8BE

(V) AR

PREPARE TEA

ROAST

ROAST

ROASTING

ROASTING

ROLL S5.1. (FOOD)

SHAKEN--TO BE

SIFT

SIFTED--TO BE

SOUR--TO BE

STEW--PREPARE

STIR

STIR

ST IR

STIRRING

QI m

$N.F
CULTURAL LEXICON PG 6

PAGE 260

77 (CCIbi.)

DRINK

EAT

EAT BREAKFAST

EAT UP

EATINiG

FEAST

FEAST

FOOD

FOOD

FOOJD--BALL CF

HOT--TO BE (FOODS)

INSIPID

INSIPID (F)

LACK SALT

LACK SUGAR

LUNCH

MEAL--LAST (S.N.)

MOUTHFUL

SW

T$

FD. R.

$LQM

MADT$A

TWIZA

Z:RDA

LLIAK: LA

N AL T$A

ALQ: UZ

Hie.Re,:

AMS:AS

TAMS: AST

ms:

A M$LI

TALQ: tNT

(V) BE

(V) BE

(V) AR

(V) AR

BE

BE

AR

AR

BE

BE

(V) AR

AR

AR

(V) AR

(V) AR

BE

AR

AR

POUR

PR OVIS ION S

SALT-'-LACK

SOUR

SOUR (F)

SUGAR-K LACK

SWALLOW

SWALLOW

SW ALLOW
CULTURAL LEXICON PG 6

PAGE 261

w am -M -.-dm

8 **M1AINi CATEGORY: GENERAL CULTURE**

8 STATIS',-TICS FOR CATEGORY: 21

BERBER, 151 ARABIC, 6

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

81 ELUCATION

81 SIT'ISTICS:

BOO0K

EDUCATE

EDUCATE

EDUCATION

HISTORY

INVESTIGATIC N

KNOWLEDGE

PUPIL

PUPIL (F)

RAISE, ErUCATE

READ

RELIGIOUS TUACHR

RIDDLE

2 BERB.ER,

LITUB

R.B:A MV

s:,I M (V)

T: Re 1311:T

Tw: AR.I X

LBH.T

L&ILM

1111..R.

TINH. Da]R. T

S:IM (V)

Q:R.A (V)

LFQ:IH

TH. AJIT:

18 ARABIC, 1 WESTERN

AP SCHOLAR

AR SCHOOL

BE SCISNCE

AR SIGNATURE

AR STORY

AR STORY

AR STORY

AR STUDIES

AR STUDY

BE TEACH

AR TEACHER--RELIGIOUS

AR TEACHING

AR WRITING

WRITING

LOAN WORDS

L&ALM

L.MD.R. AS.A

L& ILN

5: NYATUIR

LH*.KAYT

THeAJIT:

LQIS. :T
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 262

..Iw - -am- MMA-M ftft w -.6m -9- .- -W -MIA o

83 EEIIGION

83 STATISTICS:

ABLUTICN IN PRAYER

ALMS

ALMS--TO GIVE

AMULET

AMULET

ANGEL

BAD OMEN

BELIEVER (F) (ISLAM)

BELIEVER (IN ISLAM)

BIBLE

BIRTH OF PROPHET

BLESSED PERSON

BLESSED PERSON (F)

BLESSING

BLESSING

BOWING DURING PRAYER

BOWING IN PBAYER

CALL FOR PRAYER

CENTER--RELIGIOUS

CHRISTIAN

CHRISTIAN (F)

CHURCH

CIRCUMCISION

CURING WITH AMULETS

CURSE

CURSE

DESTINED--TO BE

DEVIL

DEVIL

DEVIL

DEVIL (F)

DEVIL (F)

DISOBEDIENCE

DIVINE MISERICORD

DIVINE PROTECTION

EVIL

EVIL EYE

EYE--EVIL

FORGIVE (BY GOD)

FORGIVE (BY GOD)

FORGIVENESS (BY GOD)

GHOST

GO ON PILGRIMAGE

GOD

GOD

GOSPEL

HAVE MERCY ON S.O.

HEAVEN

HEAVENLY RECOMPENSAT

HELL

IMAM

5 BERBER, 94 ARABIC, I1

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

LUD.U

S.:AD.AQA

S.D.:Q: (V)

LH. RZ

LH.JAB
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 263

a- 14.6 -dw-.Il .up 490M .w '.00-8.0 - --m- -=M am -

83 (CCET.)

QURANIC LAW

QURANIC LAW

RABBI

RAMADAN

RELIGION

RELIGIOUS C

RELIGIOUS C

RELIGIOUS S

RELIGIOUS T

ROSARY

SAINT

SAINT

SAINT

SAINTS (S.N

SATAN

SATAN

ENTER

FfERINGS

INGER

IACHER

$:R.&

$:R.&

LH. Z: AN

R ND.AN

D:IN

Z:AWIT

Z:YADA

AMD:AH.

LFQ:IH

T:SBIH.

S. :ALIH.

AMR.ABD.

S:IY:ID

$:RIF

$:IT.AN

$:ID.AN

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

WL

AR

AR

AR

AR

SATAN

SAVE (GOD)

SIN

SIN

SING (RELIGIOUS)

SOUL
CULTURAL LEXICON PG 6

PAGE 264

.W --" -ft Awa _qww low am - Mmm-.M 4 --Imftmmft

9 **MAIN CATEGORY: GEOG RA PHYI,GEOLOGY ICOUNTRIES ICITIES****

9 STATIASTICS FOR CATEGORY:4 45

91 TOP OG A PH YCOUNTRIES sCITIES

BERBER, 59 ARABIC, 8

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

91 STA ISTICS:

ADDRESS

AREA--INHABITED

ARiEA--REMOTE, OPEN

BORDER

BORDERS CE TRIBE

CAMPING-NCh-VILLAGE

CAPITAL CITY

CAVE

CENTER

CITY

CLAY

COUNTEY

DIRT CLUBD

DISTRICT--JEWISH

DITCH

EARTH

EARTH

EGYPT

EGYPT

FAR--TO BE

FOREST

FORT

FRANCE

HOLE

HOLE

HOLE IN GROUND

INHABITEL AREA

JEWISH DISTRICT

LAND (NCN-S'EA)

LAND'--NCN-IFRIGATED

MO ROC CO

16 BERBER,

LADRISA

L&MARo T

T:ASI&

LH.oD:

LH. D:

L,& ZIB

L&AS. IMA

IFII

s. *:*ANTR.

TANDINT

IDQ:OI

TAM ;URT

UT. :.UB

LNL: All.

A H. FEJE

TAMIURT

$AL

MISR*A

MASSJe

B&D

L8ABT
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 265

92 (CChT.)

SILVER (TYPE)

STONE

STONE (SMALL)

L&AZIZ

AZ. R.U

TAZ.R.UT:

AR STONES--PILE OF

BE SULPHUR

BE TAR

TIN

A$R$UR

LKBRIT

$D.R.AN

AQ:ZDIR

BE

AR

AR

AR

93 WATER SOURCES

93 STATISTICS:

FLOOD (RIVER)

OCEAN

POND

POND--LARGE

POOL

94 DIRECTIONS

94 STATISTICS:

AHEAD--STRAIGHT

BEHIND

BETWEEN

DIRECTION

EAST

EAST

FAR--BEING

FROM HERE

FROM HERE

FROM THERE

FRONT--BE IN

HERE

HERE--FEOM

HERE--FHOM

IN FRONT OF

IN FBCNT OF

LEFT

NEAR

NEAR--TO BE

NEAR--TC BE

BERBER, 3

H.ML (V)

LBH.R.

TANDA

ANDA

S:ARIJ

ARA

AR

AR

BE
CULTURAL LEXICON PG 6

PAGE 266

10 **hAIN CATEGORY: GOVERNMENTSOCIAL ORGANIZATION**

10 STATISTICS FORH CATEGORY: 13

101 ADMINISTRATION RULING CLASS

BER3ERs 83 ARABIC, 6

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

101 STATISTICS:

A.DMIN. FUNCTION

ADMIN. JOB IN VILLAG

ADMINISTRATION JOB

ASSEMBLY

CALIPH

CITY HALL OFFICE

DELEGATE

DE~PUTY

FUNCTION-L-MINo

GOVERN

GOVERNING

GO VER NOB

KING

BERB E, 20 ARABIC, 1 WESTERN I

LUDUmIFT AR KING

LhQD:M AR KING

LQAYD AR MINISTER

DJIIA&T AR NOMINATED KING--BE

LXLIFT A R OFFICE--CITY HALL

LBIRU WL OPPRESS

N:AYB AR PALACE

*LMUR. $: IHo AR PAS-iA

LUDm.IFT AR PRINCE

H.e$ M (V) AR PRINCESS

LU. SAM AR PROTECTORATE

L&AML AR RULE

LMALIK AR SHEIKH CF TRIBE

TRIBUNAL

LOAN WORDS

AJL: ID

S:LT. AN

LUZIR

SLT. N

LBIR U

D. LM

LQS. R.

LBA$A

LAMIR

LAM IRA

LU. IKAYA

H.$M

AM8AR.

LMJLIS

BE

AR

AR

(V) AR

WL

(V) AR

AR

AR

AR

AR
CULTURAL LEXICON PG 6

PAG.E 267

-mmo -4".P- -.0 Wmft.

103 GOVERNMENT FUNCTIONS jRELATIONS

103 STAIISTICS:.

AGk{LEMEN~I

ALL EG IA NCE--PLEDGE

ALLIANCE

ALLIANCE

APPOINT TO BEPRE.SENT

AUTHORIZATION

ENEMY

ENEMY (F)

FIGHT

LETTER

BERBER,

LIT:IFAQ

BAY& (V)

LIT:IFAQ

TAD. A

WK:L (V)

T: SRI a.

A&DAW

TA&DAWT

LH R. B

TABRAT:

14 ARABIC, 1 WE STER N

AR PEACE

AR PEACE

AR PLEDGE ALLEGIANCE

BE REGISTER, TO BE

AR REGISTERING

AR SECURITY

A.R SECURITY

AR SURRENDER (S.N.)

AR WAR

AR WAR

LOAN WORDS

S. :LH.

5: LANT

B3AY&

ZM:M

AZM: LI

S:LANT

LA MAN

S. ALH.

LBAR. UD.

LH R. B

AR

AR

(V) AR

(V) AR

AR

AR

AR

(V) AR

AR

AR

104 CLASSEStRACES,NATIONALITIES

1014 STATEISTJICS:4
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGiE 268

mm Now -no W

11 **MAIN CATEGORY: HOUSE AND HOME**

11 STATISTICS FOR CATEGORY: 81

111 HOUSEKEEPING,RELATED TERMS

BERBER, 65 ARABIC, 3

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

111 STATISTICS:

BASIN

BROOM

CLEAN--BE

CLEAN--BE

DIRT

DIRT

DIRTY

DIRTY

DIRTY (F)

DIRTY (F)

DIRTY--MAKING S.T.

DIRTY--TC BE

DIRTY--TO BE

DIRTY--TO BE

DUST

DUST

FALL (DUST,ETC.)

FOUL-SMELLING

FOUL-SMELLING (F)

22 BERBER,

S:ARIJ

TA$T. :ABT

ZD:IJ (V)

NQ:A (V)

LUSX

IFURUSN

ANR$U

ANXMUJ

TANR$UT:

TANXMUJT

AWS:X

R$I (V)

WS:X (V)

T.$AR. (V)

AJD.RUR

ABN8UR.

uSUS (V)

ANIXMUJ

TANXMUJT

10 ARABIC,

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

BE

ARB

BE

AR

AR

BE

BE

AR

BE
CULTURAL LEXICON PG 6

PAGE 269

---.-n --ww-dw ..w

113 TEItT LIVING

113 STA IISTICS: 4 BE RBER,

CAM PING--NO N-VILLAGE L&ZIB

MAIN POST Of TENT AHo M: AR a

NON-VI.LLAGE CAMPING L&ZIB

SOLDIER'S TENT TAXZANT

TENT AAAM

3 ARABIC, WESTERN LOAN WORDS

BE TENT AQID*UN

BE TENT TWANT

BE TENT TAXANT

AR TENT (PART OF) AFLIJ

AR TENT--MAIN POST OF AH.M:AR.

TENT--SOLDIER'S TAXZANT

BE

AR

AR

BE

BE

AR

114 HBARTHeFIEE

114 STAT[ISTICS:

ASHES

BELLOWS

BURN

BURN INCENSE

BURNED--TO EE

BURNED---TO BE

CANDLE

CANDLES

CANDLESTICK

CEILING HOLE (S.N.)

EMBER

EITINGUISH FIRE

FIRE

FIRE

FIRE (N.eL.)

FIRE--EXTINGUISH

115 FURiNITURE

115 STAIISTICS:

BED ShEET

BED--TO MAKE

BEDDING

BO0x

CASE

CHAIR

CHEST

COUCH

C.HADLE

DRAWER

MAT

MAT

MIRROR

14 BERBER

18D

R.e :ABUZ

S:IND.

BX: H.

Q: UD: D
CULTURAL LEXICON PG 7

PAGE 270

mw -w -.w.- Amm lw-m dm- -soft -.M

116 LCCMSEWINGr WEAVING

116 STAIISTICS:

CARDING BRUSH

CARDING COMEI

COMB WOOL

COMB WOOL

DESIGN IN WEAVING

EMBROIDEF

LOOll

LOOM (PART OF)

LOOM COMB

LOOM--PIECE HOLDING

LOOM--TO START

NEEDLE

NUT CN SUNE1 LE

PIECE HOLDING LOOM

P1IN

SEW

21 BERBER,6

AQR $ AL

AM$D.

M$D. (V)

QR. $L (V)

TIFRIN

T oR oZ.9 (V)

AZ. To :A

AFDJAJ

TADT. $A

TIMND.IJT

FL (V)

TSARrJT:

TA$TRIRT

TIMND. UT

LMS:AK:

JNI (V)

BE

AR

AR

BE

AR

BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

AR

BE

ARABICe WESTERN LO

SE WING

t SPINDLE

t SPINDLE--SMALL

STITCHES

TAILOR

t TAILORING

THREAD

THREAD (LOOM)

THREAD FOR RUG-- WOOL

CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 271

12 **MAIN CATEGORY: HUMAN BIOLOGY**

12 STATISTICS FOR CATEGORY: 383 BERBER, 316 ARABIC, 1

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

121 PASTS OF HUMAN BODY

121 STATISTICS:

ANKLE

ANUS

ARM

ARMPIT

BACK

BACK OF LARGE NECK

BEARD

BONE

BRAID--MAN'S

BRAIN

BREAST

BREAST

BREAST (N.L.)

CHEEK

CHEEK

CHEST

COLLABBCNE

EAR

EYE

EYE--PUPIL OF

EYE-BROW

EYELASH

EYELASHES-- SMALL

FACE

FACE (DERBOGATORY)

FINGER

FINGER--INDEX

FINGER--INDEX

FINGER--LITTLE

FINGER--LITTLE

FINGER--MIDELE

FINGER--RING

FINGERNAIL

FOOT

FOOT--LITTLE

FOREHEAD

GREY HAIR

HAIR

HAIR

HAIR STYLE FOR BOYS

HAIB--GREY

HAIR--PUBIC

HAIR--TUFT OF

HAND

HAND--PALM CF

HEAD

HEAD

76 BERBER, 6

TIR. ZT

AXNA

A81L

TAYT:

TIWA

AMG:R.D

TMART

18SS.:
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 272

121 (CCNT.)

TOOTH

TUFT OF HAIR

122 SECRETIONS

122 STAIISTICS:

BLOOD

BREAKING WIND (S.N.)

BREAKING WIND (S.N.)

FECES

FECES (N.L.)

MUCOUS

TISMST

TAWNZA

BE

BE

TUMMY

VAGINA

VEIN

TADIST

AH.T$UN

AZ. UR.

BE

BE

BE

10 BERBER,

IDAM:N

AKF:IF

AZ.R.:ID.

IX:AN

XIX:I

AXLUL

ARABIC, WE

AR NOSEBLEED

BE SWEAT

AR SWEAT

BE TEARS

BE URINE

BE URINE (N.L.)

STERN LOAN WORDS

G:UNZR

D:D

TIDI

IMT. : AWN

IB$:I $N

P:S:I

(V) BE

(V) BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

123 BUEAN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

123 STATISTICS:

ACCOMPANY

ALIVE--BEING
CULTUhAL LEXICON

PAGE 273

-M.- -"- -..a- .0mumas- - - - - - - - - -

123 (CCMT.)

COLLECT WOO

COMPENSATE

CONCEALING

COUGH

COUNTING

COVER

COVER

COVERING

CRAWL (CHILDREN)

CRAWL (CHILDREN)

CRAWL WHILE LYING

CRAWLING--ChILDREN

CROSSING A EIVER

CRUNCH

CRY

CUT

CUT

CUT

CUT INTO PIECES

CUT GNE'S FACE

CUTTING

CUTTING

DEFEAT

DEMOLISH

DEMOLISHING

DESCEND

DESCEND

DESCENDING

DESTCY

DIGGING

DIVISICN TO SECTIONS

DO

DO AGAIN

DO MUCH OF S.T.

DOING HARM 10

DRAG

DRAW A LINE

DRAWING

DRAWING A LINE

DRINK

DRINKING

DRIVE

DROOL

EAT

EAT UP

EATING

ENOUGH--HAVE

ENTER

ENTERING

ERASE

ERASE

ERASING

ESCAPE

ESCAPE

ZDtI

XLF

ANTAL

USU

AMH.ASB

DL

8MS
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 274

a. -ftw -- .419M

123 (CCNT.)

GOING, GOES (S.N.)

GRAB

GRAB

GRABBING

GUARD

GUARDING

GUIDE

HAMMER

HAND--STEBETCH

HANG

HANGING

HARM

HARM TO--DOING

HASTE

HASTE

HAVE ENOUGH

HEAR

HELP

HICCOUGHB

HIDE

HIDE

HIDE

HIDING

HIT

HIT WITH HEAD

HOLD IACH CIHER

HORSE--MOUN2 A

HORSE-RIDER

HORSEMAN

HUNT

HUNT

HURRY

INTERCOURSE--TO HAVE

INVITE .0.O

JOURNEY

JUMP

JUMP

KEEP

KEEP

KEEP

KICK LIKE AIMAL

KILL

KISS

KISS

KISS (N.L.)

KNOCK AT

KNOCKING

LATE--TO BE

LAUGH

LAUGHING

LEAN AGAINST

LEAN ON

LEAN OVER

LEANING

G:UR

$B:R

H. W:Z.

A$B:R

&S:S

L&S: A

GW:D
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 275

m -vwm - - M - -M

123 (CONT.)

PLAY

PLAYING

PLAYING

POUND

POUND

POUNDING

POUNDING

POUR

POUR

POUR

POURING

PREPARATION

PRESENT

PRESENT--TO BE

PROTECT

PROVE

PULL OUT

PUNCTURE

PUNCTURING

PUSH

PUSH

PUSH

PUSH

PUSH DOWN

PUSHING

PUSHING

PUT

PUT--TO BE

PUTTING

QUICK--TO BE

RATTLING

REACH

REACH

RECLINING

RECOVER FROM S.T.

REPAIR

REPAIRING

REPEAT

RESCUED--TO BE

REST

REST

REST

RETAIN

RETREAT

RETURN S.T.

RICH--MAKE

RIDE

RIDING

RING

RINGING

RIVER--TC CEOSS

RIVER--TC CRCSS

ROARING

ROCK

L&:B

AXM:R.

L:&B

D:Z

S.M:R.

AS.M:R.

TWAD:ZA
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 276

.0w..Nmw- -k - .01P.Ma. .Mm w- -qw & mm --w- M .Wm - - - -W - - ..W- - - -

123 (COET.)

SPOILING AD.Y:&

SPREAD FSB

SPREAD OVER 8R.F

SPRINKLE NFS

SPRINKLE ZL:&

SPRINKLE R.$:

STAND UP K:R

STAND UP BD:

STANDING BAD: ID

STANDING UP TIN$RI

START BDA

START SLEEPING N:UD:M

STEP ASURIF

STICK LSQ:

STICK ND.D.

STIRRING AXR.WD.

STONES--THRCW (AT S.O.)3$AR.:A

STOOP H.UDR

STOP H.AR.S

STORE XZN

STRAP ON BACK H.R:F

STRETCH FSR

STRETCH HAND AZ.D.

STRETCHING TWAZ.:LA

STRIDE S:URF

STRIDE ASURIF

STRIKE W:T

STUFF AFS

STUFFING IFAS

STUMBLE-CAUSING TO TAH.N:QD

SUCKLE T.:D.

SUCKLING UT.:UD.

SUN--SIT IN S:UM:R

SWALLOW S:MND.I

SWALLOW LB&

SWALLOW S.R.D.

SWALLOWED--TO BE 8LY

SWALLOWING ALBA&

SWALLOWING AS.R.AD.

SWIM &UM:

SWIMMING A&UM:

TAKE ASY

TAKE AWAY AWY

TAKE AWAY, CUT K:S

TAKE CARE OF T:NHL.:A

TAKE CARE OF Q:ABL

TAKE OFF (EG CLOTHES K:S

TASTE Q:AS

TEARING TUB:IYT

TEETH--LOSE PRIMARY S:NFL

TEETH--LCSING BABY ASNFL

THROW JR

THROW STONES(AT S.0 SAR.:A

THROW DOWN NFD.

AR

(Y) AR

(V) AR

(V) BE

(V) BE

(V) AR

(V) BE
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 277

qm 4w - - -M. -M -.8.6dow.4ow - wm mmm"F- .O -8-00

123 (CCbT.)

WIPE

WIPING OUT

WORK

WRAP

WRAPPING UP

S.FD.

AS.FAD.

XDM

8L:F

A8L:F

(V) BE

BE

(V) AR

(V) AR

AR

WRESTLE

WRESTLING

WRINKLED--TO BE

WRITE

YAWN

MLASAY

AMLASAY

KR:$

ARI

FA

(V) BE

BE

(V) AR

(V) BE

(V) AR

124 SANITATION,MEDICINE

124 STATISTICS:

ALUM

APPLY OINTMENT

APPLYING OItTMENT

BASIN

BASIN--HAND WASHING

BATH--PUBLIC

BATHE

BATHE

BATHING

BLOWING NOSE

CAMPHOR

CLEAN TEETH

CLEAN--E

CLEAN,BE CLEAN

CLEANLINESS

CURE

CURED--TO BE

CURING

CURING WITH AMULETS

DIRTY

DIRTY

DIRTY (F)

DIRTY (F)
CULTUBAL LEXICON

PAGE 278

125 (CC IT,)

DELIRIOUS--BEING

DISABILITY--PHYSICAL

DISEASE--SKIN

DIZZINESS

DIZZY--BECOME

DIZZY--MAKE

FATIGUE

FEVER

FEVER

FLU

FURUNCLE

GET TIRED

GIVING HEADACHE

HEADACHE--GIVING

HEADACHE--MIGRAINE

HEADACHE--TO GIVE

HEALTH

HEALTHY--TC BE

HEALTHY--TO BE

HERPES

HICCOUGH

HOARSE

HOARSE (E)

HOT--TO BE

HUNGER

INCURABLE--ALMOST

INCURABLE--TO BE

IRRITATE

IRRITATION--PRODUCE

MIGRAINE HEALACHE

MOAN

MUMPS

MUTE

MUTE (F)

NERVOUS BREAKDOWN

NOSE--RUNNY

NOSEBLEED

PAIN

PARALYSED--TO BE

PHYSICAL DISABILITY

PIMPLE

PLAGUE

PRICK (N.L.)

ABDHL

ABD. AL.

TWAFRA

ADW:X

DW:X (V)

SK:R. (V)

LUH.LAN

TIMS:I

TAWLA

BUDX$AM

AH.BUB

&NQ (V)

ASD.:&

ASD.:&

$:QIQT

SD.:~ (V)

S.:AH.T

S.H.: (V)

QWA (V)

TFIRI
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 279

--mm"Now m -- - -M -Wmw -.Mm

126 (CONT.)

BIG--TO BE

CLUMSY

CLUMSY

CLUMSY (F)

CLUMSY (F)

FAT

FAT (F)

FAT--TO BE

FATNESS

GREY HAIR--TO HAVE

GREY-HAIRED

GREY-HAIRED (F)

HAIR--BEAUTIFUL

HAIRCUT

HANDSOME

HANDSCME (F)

LARGE--TO BE

LEFT-HANDED

LEFT-HANDED (F)

LONG

LONG (F)

LONG--TO BE

NAKED

NAKED (F)

NUDE

PRETTY

PRETTY (F)

MQ:R. (V) BE

AZLMIIAD. BE

AFU$AL AR

TAZLMAT.: BE

TAFU$ALT AR

MUZUR BE

TMUZURT BE

ZUR (V) BE

TUZ:URT BE

$IB (V) AR

A$I1BAN AR

TA$IBANT AR

ADLAL BE

LH. ASANA AR

US.BIH. AR

TUS.BIH.T AR

MQ:R. (V) BE

AZLMAD. BE

TAZLMAT.: BE

AZIRAR BE

TAZIRART BE

ZYRT (V) BE

AH.Z:UD. BE

TAH.Z:UT.: BE

H.Z.:UD.I BE

US.BIH. AR

TUS.BIH.T AR

PRETTY--TO BE

RIGHT-HANDED

RIGHT-HANDED (F)

SHORT PERSON

SHORT PERSON (F)

SHORT--TO BE
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 280

,mmw 415M 4mm ANIM .9-0040M --Wk-mm d -a-

127 (CO NT.)

OLD

OLD (F)

OLD (F)

OLD (F)

OL D AGE

OLD PERSON

OLD PERSON (F)

OLD--TO BE

OLD--'TO BE

PERISON

PERSON

A MQ: R-. AN

TA WS: ART

TA$IBANT

TAMQ:R.ANT

AWS:B

AFQ: IRO

TAFQ:1i14

WS:U (V)

$IB MV

LXLIQIYT

I3NADM

BE

BE

AR

BE

AR

AR

BE

AR

AR

AR

PREGNANT WOMAN

TEENAGER

TEENAGER (F)

TWINS

TWINS (F)

WOMAN

WOMAN JUST HAD CHILD

WOMEN

WOMEN

YOUNG MAE

YOUNG WOMAN

YOUTHi

TAtZrJRsT

ATE: AS

TATR: AST

I$NIWN

TI$NIWIN

TAMT.:tJTe:

TAMZ.U]E.T*

TI&Y:ALIN

TISDNAN

ATE: AS

TATE: ,AST

$: ABAB

BE

BE
CULTURAL LEXICON PG 8

PAGE 281

-ftw -.Sm- qwm 1.006 m -W 4--W ." 1-0 W.

13 **BAIN CATEGORY: HUMAN MENTALITY**

13 STATISTICS FOR

ABLE TO--SE

ACCEPT

ACCEPT

ACCUSTOMED TO

ACCUSTOMED rIO--GET

AC KN OWL ELGE

ADMIT

ADVICE

ADVICE

ADVlCE

AFFECT 5.0.

AFFECTION

AFFECTICNATE

AFFECTIC'NATE (F)

AFRAID--EE

AFRAID--TO RE

AFRAID--TO BE

AGREE

AGRIEE

AGREEMENT

AIMLESS SEAIECBER

AIMLESS S.EABCHE.R

AMAZEL--TOEE

ANGER

ANGER

AN4GRY--TO BE

ANGRY---TO Bf

ANXIETY

APPEAR TO S.O.

ASCEETAINING

ATTIEMP~T

ATTENTION

AVARICE

AVARICE

AVOIDING

BAD LUCK

BELIEVE

BELCVED

13ETRAY

BLESS

BLESS ED

BLESSED (F)

BORED--TO BE

BORE DC M

BUSY--MAIKEs BE

BUSY--TO BE

CARE

CAUTION

CdANCE

CHARACTEE

(F)

CATEGORY:

ZMR(

QBL

R.D.A (

AMWALAF

WA LF

QR.: (
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 282

-.0.0 I-ow 48ww,.O - - mb-

131 (CCNT.)

DISHONEST--10 BE

DISILLUSION

DISOBEDIENT

DISOBEDIENT (F)

DISOBEY

DISTINGUISH

DISTRESS

DISTRESS & PAIN

DISTRESS & EAIN

DOMINATE

DOMINATING

DOUBT

DOUBT

DREAM

DREAM

EFFORT TO CONVINCE

ENTRUST

ENVIOUS

ENVIOUS (F)

ENVY

EXPERIENCE

EXPERIENCE

EXPERIENCE--MAN WITH

FAILURE

FEAR

FINISHED--TC BE

FLAT--TO BE

FLATTERER

FLATTERER (F)

FORETELL

FORGET

FORGIVE

FORGIVENESS

FORTUNE

FRANKNESS

FRIGHTENED--BEING

GENEEOSITY

GENEROUS--BE

GET ACCUSTOMED TO

GET SO OUT TROUBLE

GET USED TC

GETTING USED TO S.T

GOOD--BE

GREED

GRIEF

GRIEF

GRIEF

GRIEF

GRUDGE

GUARANTEE

GUIDING

HABIT

HABIT

HAPPINESS

FR.8 (V)

L8R.:

IM&S. I

T IM&S.I T:

&S.A (V)

MY:Z (V)

AXUB
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 283

131 (CONT.)

MISER (F)

MISS

MISS (s5.0. OR S.T.)

MISSING

MODERATION

MOODY

MOODY (F)

MOURNING

NAIVETE

NEED

NEED

NEGLECT

NEGLECT

NERVOUS

NERVOUS (F)

NERVOUS--BEING

NOSTALGIA

OATH

OCCUPY

OPPOSE

OPPRESSION

ORGANIZE

ORGANIZING

PAIN & DISTRESS

PATIENCE

PATIENCE

PATIENT

PATIENT (F)

PATIENT PERSON (F)

PATIENT PEESON

PATIENT--BE WITH 5.0O

PATIENT--TO BE

PEACE

PEACE

PEACEFUL--TO BE,MAKE

PERCEIVE OMEN

PITY

PLEASE

PLEASE (S.O.)

POLITENESS

POLITENESS

POOR

POOR (F)

POOR (PATHETIC)

POUTING

PRIDE

PRIDE

PRIDE IN--TAKE

PROBLEMS--TC HAVE

PROMISE

PROMISE

PROMISE

PROUD--TC BE

PROVE

TAMHY:FT BE

BT. :L (V) AR

H.OUYZ (V) BE

ABT. :L AR

LQNAST AR

AMSXUD. AR

TAMSXUT.: AR

LH.ZN AR

N:IY:T: AR
CULTURAL LEXICONPAE 81

PAGE 284

,Ww --Iwp -- -.Wkv - . -Ww dmwvw

131 (CC bT o)

SLY

SLY (F)

SLYNESS

SMART

SMART (F)

SOLICIT UDE

SORROW

STILL--TO BE

STOP

STUPID

STUPID (F)

STUPI[DITY

SUBJECTING

SUBJUGATI

SUBJUGATING

S UFF E RING

SULK

SULKING

SURE--MAKE

SURPRISE

TAKE PRIDE 1N

TAKE REVENGE

TAKING CARE OF SELF

TFEM PER

THINK

THINK

THINK

THINK

THINKING

TORM'E NT

TREASON

AHo ReAMI AR

TA.H.ReAMIYT AR

TH.ILIT: AR

UH Re I$ AR

TUH.eR*I$T AR

LHM: AR

M$RDsUL BE

R.S.:A (V) AR

BT. :L (V) AR

AHeYUD* BE

TAH*YUT.: BE

TIH.:OUYD.A BE

AD*W,:& BE

D~s:& (V) AR

AD.W:& BE

AMR:T AR

H.R*Q (V) B3E

AH.*Re AQ BE

H.Q:Q (V) AR

8FL (V) A-R

BURZ (V) BE

XLF (V) AR

AT-*NUHL. :A AR

AS.NI& AR

INI (V) BE

D.*N: (V) AR

XM:M .(V) AR

MY:Z (V) AR

AXM:M AR

ANZYUM BE
CULTURAL LEXICON PG 8

PAGE 285

14 **MAIN CATEGORY: FAMILYrKIN SHIP, FRIENDSHIPMAR1RIAGE**, DIVORCE**

14 STATISTICS FOR CATEGORY:

- BERBER, 2' ARABIC,

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

141 PAr'ILY,KINSHIP

141 STAIISTICS:

ANCESTOR

ANCESTOR

AUNT--MY YMATEiNAL

AUNT--MY PAIERNAL

I3OTHER-MY

BROTHER-IN-LAW

BROTHETRS

BROTHERS--BlING

CO-WIFE

COUSIN--FIRU,

COUSIN--FIRST (F)

DAUGHTER OF

DAUGHTER-- ELDEST

DAUGHTER--MY

DAUGHTER--MY

DAUGhTER--YCUNGER

ELDEST LAUGhTER

ELDEST SON

FAMILY

FAMlLY

FATHEE--PlY

FATHER-IN-LAW

FIRST COUSIN~

FIRST COUSIIE (F)

GRANDFATHER

GRANDFATHE±R (VOC)

GRANDMOThER (IREi')

HUSBAND

IN-LAW

IN-LAW (F')

INHERIT

INHEBITANCE

2 4 BERBERO

LJD:

DJD:

XALTI

U MA

ALUS

AWMATN

TA WMAT:

TA$NA

A$Q:LIQ

TA$Q: *IQT

ULT

TAMNZUT:

IL:0I

IL: I

TMAZ. UZ* T

TAM NZUT:

AMNZU

LAHL

AYT

113:A

AM8AR,
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 286

--ow

143 FRIENDSHIP

143 STANISTICS:

COMPANION--LOVE

FAVOR

FRIEND

FRIEND (F)

FRIENDS--TO BE

FH IEN DSHI P

FRIENDSHIP

GO MEET

7 BERBER, 5

A SMUN

AJI'IL

AlhD:AK. :L

TAND: AK&: LT

D:UK:OL (V)

TAD. A

TID:UK:LA

BE

AFI

B E

B E

B E

B E

B E

Bf

ARABIC,

GUEST

t GUEST (Fr)

HOSPI7ALIT

INVITE S.O

LOVE COMEA

LEET--GO

PEACE

3 VISIT

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

ANUJI

TAN[JJIWT

Y D.:YAFT

LAR. D.

1410N ASMUN

He.A T.: Re

LHNA

z u R.

BE

BE

AR

(V) AR

BE

(V) BE

AR

(V) AR

CULTURAL LEXICON PG 8

PAGE 287

..W-oo ---am -wo w -..& -ow -a"- -W .4 .00"em Wm -,Av--NP 4wml.- AMMMM

15 **BIAIN CATEGORY.: NUIIERALS**

15 STATISTICS FOR CATEGORY: 11

BERI3ERr 64 ARABIC, 5

WESTERNl LOAN WORDS

151 CARDINAL NUMBE.HS

151 STATISTICS:

10

11

12

13

14

14

15

(F)

WAH

I DJ

I$T

S NA

TNA

TLA

ST:

TIIN

TS&

TS&

H. D

TNA

TLT

R.B

R 0S

BERBERo 30 ARABIC, 2 WESI

IDAR 16

*BE 17

BE 17

T BE 18

AN AR 18

TA AR 19

IAAR 19

A AR 20

A AR 30

A AR 40

IYA AR 50

A AR 60

UD AR 70

tAAR 80

AR 90

AR 100
CUIJTUBAL LEXICON PG 8

PAGE 288

Ono --A.- -mom -SM .48-M. 4 ..0 --ow

152 (CCNT.)

SIXTEENTli (f)

SIXTH

SIXTH (F)

SI XTI ET H

SIXTIETH (F)

TENTH

TENTH (F)

THIRD

THIRD (F)

TIS:ST. :A&$:

WIS:ST:A

TIS:ST: A

WIS:ST:'IN

TIS:ST:IN

WIS:&$R.A

TIS:&$S.A

WIS: TLATA

TIS :TLATA

AR

AR

ARE

AR

AR

AR

A R

A R

AR

THIRTEENTH

THIRTEENTH (F)

THIRTIETH

THIRT-IETH (11)

THOU SANDTH

THOUSANDTH (F)

TWELFTH

TWELFTH (F)

TWENT IETH

TWENTIETH (F)

WIS:TLT. :A&$:

IIS:TLT. :AS$:

WIS: TLATIN

TIS: TLATIN

WIS: ALF

TIS: ALF

WIS: T,.NA&$:

TIS:T. NAt$:

WIS:&$RIN

TIS: &$RI N

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

CULTURAL LEXICON PG 8

PAGE 28q

--.Dw -W .1 -- AWAN., --Mw- -- -.910-ow - -Ow ..w

16 **BAIN CATEGORY: OCCUPATIONS**

16 STATISETICS FOR

ATTORNEY

AUCTIONIER

BAK Ef

BAKER--DOUGHNUT (0CC

BARBER

BEGGAR

BEGGAR

BEGGAR (F)

BEGGAR (F)

BLACKSM ITH

BLACKSM ITHI

BUTCHER

CARPENTER

CATTLE EERDEB

COFFEE SHOP OWNER

CURER WITH AMULETS

DANCEE

DANCER (F)

DEPUTY

DOCTOR

DOCTOR (F)

DOORMAN

DOUGHNUT BAkEER (0CC)

ENGINEER

FARMER

FARMER--TLNANT

FISHEEMAN

FLUTE PLAYER

FOREST GUARL

FORTUNE-TELLER

FORTUNE-TELlER (F)

GUARD

GUARD (F)

HARVESTER (CCC.)

HELPER

HELPER (F)

HERDER--CAT ILf

HUNTER

HIU NT ER

INTEBERETEE

JEWELER

JUDGE

LIVING--MAKE A

MAGICIAN

MAGICITAN(IV)

MASON

MASSEUR

MERCHANT

MESSENGE._rR& f V

CATEGORY:

LUKI.L

ADL: AL

AXB:*AZ

BUS. :FNJ

All.J: AM

AMSUTR

IMS&I

TAMSUTET

TIMS&IT:

AHl. D: AD
CULTURAL LEXICON PG 9

PAGE 290

....a vw 1.8.0-911b --WW Pmw Qm

17 **MAIN CATEGORY: RECREATION**

17 STATISTICS FOR CATEGORY: 15

BERBER, 28 ARABIC, 3

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

171 SINGINGIDANCE,MUSIC,I4USICAL INSTRUMENTS

171 STATISTICS:

BERBER LANCE

BERBER LANCE

BERBER IDRUM

BERBER SOLO SINGING

DANCE

DANCE--BERBIR

DANCE--BERBIR

DANCER

DANCER IF)

DANCERS--LINE OF

DRUM--BERBEB

DRUMMER

FLU T E

FLUTE PLAYER

HORN

LINE O.F DANCERS

MUSICIAN

MUSICIAN

MUSICIAN (F)

10 BERBER

Adls IDUS

AHs ID US

A L:.U N

LMAYT

$Ts :Ho.

Afi. IDUS

All. IDUS

A$T.:*AH.o

TA$T : All.

a*:IF

A-L:UN

AT. B:AL

T8ANINT

A8Y:AT.a

R:IF.

$:IX

A MDYA Z

$:IXA

12 ARABIC, 1 WESTERN LWI

BE OBOE

B3E OBOE PLAYER

.BE RELIGIOUS SINGER

SE SING

(V) AR SING (RELIGIOUS)

-E SINGER

BE SINGER

AR SINGER

T AR SINGER (F)

BE SINGER--RELIGIOUS

SE SINGING

AR SING.ING--BERBER SOLO
CULTURAL LEXICON PG 9

PAGE 291

- m --.Nm -m- W M-tft

18 **M~AIN CATEGORY: TOOLS AND APPLIANCES**

18 STATISTICS FOR CATEGORY: 89

BERBER, 72 ARABIC, 6

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

181 FOOD PREPARATION UTENSILSOEATING UTENSILS

181 STAIlISTICS:

BREAD PLATTER (SN)

CHURN

CLOTH FCR CCUSCOUS

COAL BUENER (STOVE)

COFFEE POT

COOKING POT

COUSCOUS PLATE

COUSCOUS POT (PART)

FRYING PAN

GLASS

KETTLE

KETTLE

KITCHEN UTENSILS

KNIFE-LARGE

KNIFE--LARGE

LADLE

LID OF S.T.

NAPKIN

OVEN

PAN

PESTLE

P.ITCHEfR

24 BERBER,

TFANT

TAY$: ULT

ISMSL

LNJMR*

LB3Ro I Q:

TA&$IRT

DZ. IWA

1St]u

LIIQLA

LK: AS

LZQ:R.A$

A8L:AY

AQ:*$U$

AJNWI

AXDMI

A8NJA

TAN DLT

TAMNDILT

AFR : AN

T. :AWA

AZDUZ

A8R. AF

12 ARABIC, 1. WESTERN ILOAN WORDS

BE PLATE TAH.B:IYT

BE PLATE AQS.R*I

BE PLATE TAMDaL.IYT

AR PLATE AH.B:I

AR PLATE ATBS*IL
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 292

182 (CCNT.)

TWEEZERS

WATER PIPE

WELD

TI8NDIN

AQADUS

LH.:M

BE

AR

(V) AR

WELDING

WIRE

WIRE-NETTING (ANY)

ALH. : M

S:LK

$:B:IK

AR

AR

AR

183 WEAPONS,HUNTING AND FISHING EQUIPMENT

183 STATISTICS:

ARTILLERY SHELL

BULLET

BULLET

BULLETS

BULLETS

CANNON

CANNON

DAGGER

FISHING HOOK

HOOK--FISHING

LONG EARREL RIFLE

7 BERBER, 11 ARABIC,

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

LKUR.

TAR. :SAST

TAQ:R.T.AS. T.

R.:S.AS.

LBAR. UD.

N:FD.

LMDF&

LKUM:IYT

TASN:AR.T

TASN:AR.T

BU$FR.

BE

AR

AR

AR

BE

AR

BE

AR
CULTURAL LEXICON PG 9

PAGE 293

ONO. .40 .40 .0-0 -W-wm - -Mft w ldm-* W

186 (Cc NT,)

BAG--SHEEPSKIN

BARREL

BASKET

BASKET--FOR GRAIN

BASKET--GRAIN

BASKET- -LARGE

BASKET--LABGE

BOX

BRASS BUCKEI

BUCKET

BUCKET

BUCKET--BRAS SS

CLAY JUG

CLOTH FOR CARRYING

ALMSIR

ABRMIL

TAZYAWT

ASYL

S:L:T

AZYAW

AQ: F

TAIR*:B&T

TAFD. NA

AZUD. LW

AT. : AS.

TAFD. NA

TABR:AT:

TA$M:UlST

BE

AR

BE

BE

ARH

BE

AR

AR

BE

BE

AR

BE

AR

13E

GOAT-SKIN FOR WATER

GRAIN BASKET

GRAIN BASKET

JUG

JUG--LARGE

KETTLE

KETTLE

PACKAGE

POT

PURSE

PURSE (F)

SACK

SACK--LARGE

SHEBEPSKILN BAG

SUITCASE

AYD: ID
CULTUEAL Lf241CONPAE 24

PAGE 294

-OW - -ow -d -mm -saws..

19 **hAIN CATEGORY: TIME AND WEATHER**

19 SIATISTICS FOR CATEGORY: 55

BERBER, 55 ARABICv 12 WESTERN LOAN WORDS

191

?IO1THS OF YEAR

191 STA'IISTICS:

APRIL

AUGUST

DECEMBER

FEBLRUPRY

JANUARY

JULY

BERS ER,

BRIL

8U$T

D: UJANBIR

FBR. AYR

YN: AYR

Y UL YU Z

192 S.F A SON S

192 STA2ISTICS: 4 I3ERB ER,

DOG-DAYS (IN SUMMER) So :IAYM

SPRING (SEA.SON) TIFSA

ARABIC, 12

WL JU NE

WL MARCH

W L 1A Y

WL NOVEMBER

WL OCTOBER

WL SEPTEMBER

ARA BIC,

BE SUMMER

BE WI14TER

ARABIC,

AR SUNDAY

AR THURSDAY

AR TUESDAY

WEDNESDAY

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

Y UNY U

MAR.S

MAY: U

NWAWBIR

KT.UBR*

$TANBIR

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

AN BOU

TAJRST

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

LH*.:

LXMIS

LT: LATA

LAB. B&

CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 295

.N=4bm 400 -

195 TIMES OF DAY,QUANTITIES OF TIME

195 STATISTICS:

AFTERNOON

AFTERNOON (4-5 PM)

AFTERNOON--LATE

APPOI TMENT

AT NIGHT

AT THAT TIME

DAWN

DAWN

DAY

DAY AFTER TCMORROW

DAY AFTER ICMORROW

DAY BEFORE YESTERDAY

DAY--EARLY IN

DAY--NEXT

DAY--SPEND THE

DAY--SPEND TIHE

DAYS

DURING LAY TIME

EARLY IN DAY

EVENING

EVENING (8-9 PM)

EX: LONG AGO

EX: LONG AGO

FALL (NIGHT)

HOUR

LAST YEAR

LATE AFTERNOON

LATE,--BEING

26 BERBER

D. : HUR

L&AS. R.

TAMD:IT

LMI&AD

XYID.

L:INAT

LFJR

F:U

AS:

ASININ

ASNIN

ASLID.

ZIS

DUT$AN: S

$L

$L

Y:AM

XWAS:

ZI$

TAMD:IT

L&$A

WAHWA

WAHLI

A8

S:A&A

AZD8AT

TAMD:IT

A&T. :R.

S21 ARABIC, WESTERN LO

AR LIGHT
CULTURAL LEXICON

PAGE 296

.d .4mob 400w-. .0m.040 aw ww,-Gw- .4m Amodmb ..& .Wmbftml. GM04-0 400 AM -

20 **MiAIN CATEGORY: WEIGHTS AND MEASURES**

20 STATI'STICS FOR

AMOUNT

BALANCE (FOR WEIGHING

CUP--MEASURING

GRAMl

HUNDRED KILOGRAMS

KILOGRAM

LENGTH

MEASU RE

MEASURING

MEASURING CUP

MEASURING POT

CATEGORY:

LQDR.

LMIZAN

LGAMILA

LGR.AM

AQ: ND.A1H.

KILU

TIZ: YRT:

LQD:

L&BARe

LOAMILA

LGA MILA

BERBERs 8 ARABIC, 3 1

kR METER

LR POT--MEASURING

3E SCALES(FOR WEIGHING)

IL SIZE

LR SIZE

iL UNIT OF CAPACITY

3E UNIT OF LENGTW=5O CM

kR UNIT OF LENGTki=60 CM

kR UNIT OF MEASURE

3E WEIGH

3E WEIGH

WIDTH

WESTERN LOAN WORDS

HITRU

LGAMILA

LMIZAN

LQYAS

LQ D:

LMUD:

A81L

LQALT

TAR DAST

WZN

&BR*

TIRUT:

WL

BE

AR
P

Linguistic Lexicon


LINGUIST1C LEXICON

PAGI 299

LINGUIS --0-" iC LEXICON PAG-E 299~4pmdd m

NOUNS OF BERBER ORIGIN *

ABIBA

ABLW

ABL:UL

ABNbUi.

ABRAY

ABRBUR

ABRDU2Z

ABRID

ABR. HU$

ABR. :AN

ABSRUR

ABULXIR.

AD-

ADFL

ADH. AY

ADILDA

ADIN

ADINX

ADLAL

ADMR

ADREBAL

AD.R. 8AL

ADXS

AD:A

AD:AY

AD.G. :AL

AD.IL

AD. R.D.UR.

AD. . :&

AD.U

AD. W:&

AD. :UR.D.R.

AFDJAJ

AFLAY

AFLIJ

AFL:A

AFR

AFRAN

AFRAJ

AFR$U

AFR. AD.

AFR.T. : U

AFR.:D.

AFSAY

AFTIS

AFUNAS

AFL.:

AGMGAM

AGMGM

AGNIN

AGi:UM

AG:JLUR

AG:AY

AG: UNZR

MOSQUITOES

EYELASH

PENIS

DUST

GRINDING

VEIL

RAG
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 300

LINGUISmTIC L--EXICON PAGE- - om 300Im-Wf..00 oo-- 00~

AL: UN

AL:8Z.M

AM

AM

AMAN

AMARY

AMAZAN

AMAZI8

ANDYAZ

AMD:A

AMD:AK. :L

AMD: AL: U

AND. A$AR.

AMG:R.D

ASHY: F

AMH. BEL

AMH. R:F

AMISA

AMK:AETU

AMLASAY

AMLAWAY

AML:AL

AML:8

ALNAY

AMNSI

AMNZU

AMN8I

AMQ:B.AN

AMRWAS

AMSAL

AMSASA

AMSUTB

ANS:NLU

AM$H. AD.

AM$LI

AMTAWA

AMUR

AMUT:L

AMUZ:

AMYAN

ANZIL

AMZWA EU

AMZ.LUD.

AMZ. :U08

AMZ.: YAN

AMJ i

Al MJ I

AMJ:UD.

AM8AB.

AM8 AR.

AM:ANI

AM: AS

AI:IN:

AM:N:

NCUNS OF EEBER ORIGIN

BERBER DRUM

WRENCH,E.G. OF NECK

LIKE

TO YOU (F.S.)

WATER

LOVE

MESSENGER

BERBER
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 301

LINGU ISTIC LEXICONm PAGE 301 - w- . -

AR.Z.Z.:1

AR.:A

AR. :UD

AS

ASD:I

ASFL

ASFLAL:AY

ASG. : AS

ASID:

ASK:IN

ASK:UfI

ASLAWI

ASLHAM

ASLI

ASLID.

ASLM

ASLMYA

ASL:Uk

ASMUN

ASM:AL.

ASM:AM

AS.M:ID.

ASN

ASNFL

ASNIN

ASNLI

ASNT

ASN:AN

ASRAM

ASHLRDUN

ASHWU

ASR:H.

ASR:US

AS.R. AD.

ASR.M

ASTAY

ASULA

ASURIF

ASYL

ASYLS

AS8AR.

ASSUN

AS:

AS:U

AS:UY

AS. *FAD.

AS. FD.

AS

A$A

A$ISAW

A$K:US

A$LBIX

A$LH. I

A$MLAL

NOUNS Of BERBER ORIGIN

WASP

EX: GIVE ME

WASHING (CLOTHES)

TO HIM

NECKLACE

BAND FOR HEAD COVER

SPARKLING

YEAR
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 30?

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 302 -.m am -46 a- -

AYIN:

A YNDU Z

AYSUII

AY$: UL.

AYT

AYT$A

AYU

AYUJIL

AYZ: IM

AZDAM

AZDUZ

AZD8 AT

AZD8AIININ:

AZD.UD.

A-ZD. Y

AZG:A

AZG. :AR

AZG. :A8

AZ-IIR

AZIIRAR

AZIWAL

AZ Z A

AZLMAD.

AZL:IEf

AZL:UZ

AZL:S

AZM:Uli

AZN DII

AZQ:UR.

AZ. a H U

AZ oTIe: A

AZUD. I1W

AZUKN :1

AZUZ:UR

AZWAIR

AZWAWA6

AZYAW

AZ&R. AD.

AZ&R. U.

AZ: AR

AZw*bAR.

AZ. IZ eU N

AZ. MUMJ

AZ. UF.

AJDJiD.

AJD. IiX

AJD. RUR

AJH. MUM

AtJI- WL

NOUNS Cf BERBER ORIGIN

THAT OVER THERE

CALF

MEAT

WOOD (PIECE 01?)

TRIBE

WORM

THIS ONE HERE

ORPHAN

AXE

CUTTING WOOD

PESTL.E

LAST YEAR

TWO YEARS AGO

LINGUISTIC LIXICON

P AG F. 303

LiNGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 303- w o. ..M

BUB:U

BUDX$AM

BUD.

BUHY:UF

BUR.E:U

BUR.XS

BUR.JIJ

BUYIH.L:AL

BU&MIRA

BU8LAL

BU&:U

B:AH.

B:Al.:

P:S:1

B:UB:U

DA

DAD:A

DAD:AEI

H. DAD:U$

DAT

DAX

DAY

DF:IR

DY

DID:I

DIN

DIN:

DIS

DUB:Z

DUF

DUT$A

DUT$AN:S

DZ. IWA

D8YA

D:

D: AH. :A

D:AW

D:L:AH.

D:RA

1): R&

D:ULI

D: WAZ

D. AD.

D. AR.

D. NIN

D. UR.I:X

D.:AR.T:

D.:A'T:

D ,Al. ' rZL

FAD

FAD. IS

FUD

FUF:U

FULI

FUS

NOUNS CF BERBER ORIGIN

UDDER (N.L.)

FLU

BOTTOM

FAMINE

SNAIL

SMALL GRASSHOPPER
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

P AG iE 304

LINGUIS 10 ~4mbi Cop-LE X I C O N P A GEft 3 0 4 - -

IN IN:S

ILIIN: SNT

INJ.N: $

ININ: $NT

ININ: UN

ININ!, X

IN I B Z

INSI

INU

INZo LA

IN: Y

IR D

.1 R I

IRIFI

ISINW

£5 MS L

ISND. I

ISUFUSN

I$LAYN

I$NLWN

I$T

IT-

ITRI

IWLS:

IWT. : Lo

IXF

IX :

IX: AN

IZ B4:

IZID

IZI$R

IZLFN

IZLI

IZM

TZRIRI

IJAM

IJLDR

'JR

I& IN -

18D

18R1D

NOUNS CF BERB3ER ORIGIN

11HE IRS

THEIRS (FP2)

YOURS

YOURS (FP1,)

YOURS

OUIRS

HEEL

HEDGEHOG

THOSE

CRACK IN WALL

STONE TRIPOD (SN)

GRAIN Ok' WHEAT

VOICE

STRONG THIRST

PA-RT.: INTERROGATIVE

PART.: INTERROGATI'VE

CLOUD

CLOTH FOR COUSCOUS

NEGRO

TOMB

SPITTING
LINGUISTlC LEXICON

PAG-E 3 0-5

lINGUISTIC- L- EMXICON- PAGE 305- W-w - - " qw.0

NOUNS OF BERBER ORIGIN

LALT$A

MANDG:IT

LANDINX

MANDISN

MANDISNT

MANDIWN

MANDIWNT

MANI

MA$A

MAT*I$A

MAX

MAX

MAY

MAYMI

MAYS:

MAZo UZ.

MA8JR

1'D:Z XUX:U

MI

MID:N

MISDID

MIZ. AY

MLI

ML: I

ML:b TA&$IR

MM:I

MR

MRZAYA

M$

M$RD. Ut

M$TA

M$UJR

M$: 1

MUM:U

MUM :U

MU$:

MUZUfi

MJ: 8YUL

NAN: A

N IN:soI

NIT NI

NITNTI

NS YLMAN

NT

N TAX

wim w

NT$NI

T$NJ w I N-I

FOOD

WHC AMONG

WHO AMONG

WHO AMONG

WHO AMONG

WHO AMONG

WHO AMONG

WHERE?

BUT

TOMATOES

+ Pt. NOUN
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGI 3o6

LINGUISTIC LMoEXICON PAGE 306-

$; IL

$:ITA

$: WARI

$,oYAL*

TABNN:A2.:

TABB:UYT

TADIST

TADLA

TADL WIN

TADL: AHm I

TADT. $A

TAD UN 2

TAD. A

TAD. U T

TAFL. NA

TAFIRAST

TAFIR. AWT

TAFUNAST

TAL'UYT

TAF:A

TAHoB:IYT

TAH. LAST

TA. N:fQD*AR.T

TAH.RIRT

TAMIA

TAMAZI8T

TAMID01T

TAMD.L. IXI

TAMIZAR*T

IA iLA IT

TAIL: ALT

TA ML: AST

TAkINII

TAMNSIWT

TAI NT

TAMS18T

TAMS: UMANT

TAMS. isAT:

TAMI.:Ul.:

TAMURT

TAIZULI.T

TIMZ. :AJ2

TAM8R*A

TAM8Bi* U S *T

TAM:AST

NOUNS OF 13ERBER ORIGIN

NOTWITHSTANDING

BRUSH

HOLES IN HOUSE WALL

PRIDE

BAG (SEE NOTES)

SPARE

HIM (PRON. AFFIX)

WHIRLWIND

SHEEPGOAT DUNG

TUMMI

BUNCH (EG. FLOWERS)

CHOPPED WHEAT PLANT

WATERMELON

LOOM COMB

ANIMAL FAT

FRIENDSEIP
LINGUIST-IC LEXICON

PAGE, 307

LINGUISTIC LEXICON t . W PAGEn 307 --im -N - b .05M. .0

TAYDA UZ.R.U

TAY$: ULT

TAYT:

TAZAHI

TAZDA YT

TAZD. IYT

TAZLMM: UYT

TAZL UT:

TAZBURT

TAZao RUll:

TAZoUlorl

TAZYAWT

TAZL: A

TAZ:RT

TAJMART

T AJRS A

TAJRSI

TAJRTILT

TAJRURT

TAJUT:

TA&DILT

TA&$IiiT

TA&T: .A

TA8NJAYT

TA8B*R. vl

TA8R.IYl

TA8B*UT:

TA8ZUT:

TBUQ: ST

TD:IN

TFANT

TFID. L1

TFIJRI

TIJRmbNI

TIDI

TI D.1IN

TIDERT

TID: UK: LA

TID. zA

TIFDNT

TIFLIL: ST

TIFLUT

TIFRIN

TIPSA

TIkS: I

TlH*:UYLA

TILl

TILIT:

IIMAT:LN

TTIMLL: AV

NOUNS OF BERBER ORIGIN

ECHO

CHURN

AIRMPIT

F IG S

PALM THEE

SMALL SPINDLE

LIZARD

MANIS BRAID

GIFT AT BABY SHOWER

STONE (SMALL)

KOL

BASKET
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAG-E 308

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE mlb 308 Mw .Wf

TI8NDIN

TI8NFIT:

TLU:IT

TMAL:A

TMARA

ThART

TMIl.:

TMUR. 81

TMU8LI

TN

TNAWIT:

TNT

TQUNEBST

TRIT

TRJU

TIR. AI$A

TSARUT:

TSAWNI

TSASY:A

TSILI

TSIWANT

T$AMIR

T$INDI

TU

TUB:IYT

TURIFT

TURIN

TUSUT:

TUS:IST

TUS:UT:

TUZ:RT

TUZ:URT

TUJA

TWAB: YA

TWAD:2A

TWAFRA

TWALA

IWA$RA

TWAZ:BFA

TWAZ. :LA

TIAJLA

TWIZA

TWUYT

TLABIT

TXATNT

TXUB:I'!

TYAZ. IT.:

TYIRA

TJAL:IT:

TJUM:ST

TJUJA

T8ANINT

ThAT.:

T8IR. ENT

NOUNS OF BERBER ORIGIN

TWEEZERS

SIGH

]PINCH

DOVE

GRIEF

BEARD

NAVEL

GRASSHOPPER
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 309

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 309oM qw -. -- om w 0.-

W IN:

WIN:M

WIN:S

WIN:SN

W IN:0oSNT

WIN**$

WIN: $NT

WIN: UN

WIN: X

WIS:

WIS:*SNAT

WU

XAR*A$

XAR. AWN

XAS

XIX:I

XI6: U

XWAS:o

x Y.

X:I$T

X:As

X:U$ (VERB)

YA

YAH

TOTAL: 1134

NOUNS OF BERBER ORIGIN

THAT ONE

YOURlS (F)

HIS

THEIRS (M)

THEIRS (F)

YOURS (M)

YOURS (E.P.)

YOURS

OUIRS

PART.w: ORDlNw NOS*

SECOND

THIS ONE (M)

ON

LOOK OUT (TO floS.)

LOOK CUT (TO M.P.)

ONLI

FECES (N.L.)

CARROTS

DURING DAY TIME

AT NIGHT

EX: (SEE NOTES)

EX: NASTY (N.L.)

EX: BAD$ NASTY (NL)

SLEEP (VERB) (N.J..)

IN

ALREADY

YES

Y A$

YIS

yUWR

ZARIF

ZDAT

ZG: A

ZG.o :I5

ZIs
LINGUISTIC LEXICUN

PAGE 310

LINGUISTIC LEXICONm PAGE 310

ABADN

ABDA

ABDHL

ABD. AL.

ABH. BAH.

ABH.I

ABLUH.

ABL:UL.

ABN:AY

ABRAD

ABRD&I

ABRMIL

ABR:AD

ABR:AH.

ABR:H.

ABR. BA$

ABR.:ANI

ABSAL

ABT:IX

ART. :L

ABW:AB

ABX:R.

ABY:AS

ABY:N

AB&AD

AB&AJ

ADAWA

ADAWM

ADBA8

ADHAN

ADHA$

ADL:AL

ADW :AB.

AD.W:B.

ADW:X

ADJAR.

AD. BIB

AD. FAS.

AD.L:&

AD. M:A&

AD. Y:&

AFAFA

AFL:AH.

AFQ:IR.

AFQ:US

AFR:Z

AFR. AB.

AFR. A&

AFR.A8

AFR. : AN

AFR. :J

AFR. :8

AFT:$

NOUNS OF ARABIC ORIGIN

PARTICLE: VOCATIVE

NEVER

FOREVER

RAVING

PHYSICAL DISABILITY

HOARSE

ORCHARD

DATE (UNRIPE)
LINGUISTIC LIXICON

PAGE 311

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 311

AMQL:-0Q

AMR: T

AMR* :8

AMS AF b

AMS AX

AMSA&f

AMSLM

AMSMIE

AMSW: Q

AMS:Ab

AMSX.EAD

AM$AYF

AM$D.

AM$T.:.

AMT: IN

AM WAL A?

AMXIE

AMXZNI

AMY:L

AMY:Z.

AMJAiLAL

AMJR. UH.

AM&D:U

MI&D. UR.

A£&IWE,*T

AM&QU.LI

AM&W:**J

A M.8 AS

AM8 BUN

ANBAR. $

ANBSA$

AN DAM

A N.eAS.i

ANFNAE

AN FN F

ANF:Ho

AN?: ID.

A N-Hai.$AM

ANQ:A

ANQ:L$

A NQ:ZL

ANS. ASB

A N$AR.-

AN$'AT l

NOUNS OF ARABIC ORIGIN

NEEVOUS

SUFFERING

WALLOWING

TRAVELLER

METAMORPHOSIS

PATIENT PERSON

MOSLEM

NAIL

SHOPPER

TASTELESS

FAREWELL

MOODY

PLACE

FORTU NE-TELLER

CARDINGCOMB

BARGAINER

DEAD

BELIEVER (IN ISLAM)

LINGUISTIC LEXICON

P A GE 312

LINGUISTIC LRoICONmPAGE431

ASIT. R

ASK:A$

ASK: A YRI

ASK:R.

AS. M: B.

ASN: D

ASRSR

AST. :B.

ASW:Q:

AS. Y:AD.

AS. B: H.

AS. B:N

AS. FS.AF

AS. NI&

AS. Y:

A$B:H

A$B:R

A$D:ADL

A$F:AR.

A$IBAN

A$K:AM

A$: IQ

A$R. AL.

A$R.QI

A$R.WID.

A$T. : AD

A$T.:AB

A$T.:AH.

A$T.:E

ATMTM

ATNI

ATR.JM

AT: NHL. :A

AT.B:AL

AT. :AS.

AWD:I

AWH.DI

AWQ:R.

AWS:X

AWX:R.

AWJ:D

AXAM

AXBA$

AXBA$

AXBU

AXB:AZ

AXD: AM

AXD:A8

AXLXAL

AXL.: 1.

AXL. :S.

AXI:AS

AXM:M

AXM:R.

AIR:AZ

NOUNS OF ARABIC ORIGIN

DOMINATING

JEWELER

DRUNKARD

DRUNKENNESS

HAMMERING

LEANING

RINGING
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGF, 313

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 313

BR. : A

13S :IF

BS: LAMA

BU-

BUBAR.

BUll. L

BULB. 1: AM

BULQ: HWA

BU So:,FN J

B U -0 F RB.

BUTIA.AN UT:

BUTLX UT AM

BUS WILA

B U 8 AEA

EZAYD

BZ: AF

36D A

DAQI-aQA

DAXL

DAYMN

DILMA

D Z.: AL.:IJT

DJ D:

DJHD

DJI R

DJM A T

DJN:

DJN*:T

D:BHLlZ

D:ILIT

D: IN

D: LALT1

U: NB

D:oeR : IYT

D:R.A

D:*UNIT

D: WA

D: *X: AN

D:, & Ul

U. AM: A

U. :ALL',

U : AMN

Do I*

U* DHUfi

r) M AKI

NOUNS CF ARAbIC ORIGIN

OUTSIDE

BY FORCE

GOODBYE

OWNER, ONE WHO (SN)

CONGRATULATIONS

SOUL

PUBLIC BATH ATTD.

COFfEE SHOP OWNER

DOUGHNUT BAKER (0CC

LONG BARREL RIFLE

SHOPKEEPER

BING FINGER

PEARS

FOREST GUARD

MORE THAN

MUCH

BEFORE
LINGUI.STIC LEXICON

PAGE

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 312!

LBAL

L13AR. AKA

LBAR. UD.

LBAS

LBA$A

LB HINT

LBH* b.

L13tio T

LBI& U$:RA

LBLA

LBNI

LbNYAN

LBN: A ji

LBQ:

LBR, :

LBR. J

IBRO*:A N I

LBS. L

LBT :IX

LBUR

L13XL

LBBD.

LF AD.;:UR.

LFAKYA

LFAL:

LFD. Ah. T

LFiiMj

IJFIL

LFLUS

LFNAR.

LFN:I

LF :US

LFRft*B.

L~ii. H, A

-LFii. Q

LFSAL

LZE"S.*ALT

LFJL

LFJR

LGN A Z I

LHBfi. A

LHiBUL,

LHDIET

LHMIr:I CYr

NOUNS OF ARABIC ORIGIN

ATTENTION

BLESSING

WAR

HA RN

PAS HA

BEAST OF BURDEN

S EA

IN VEST IGATION

COMMNERCE

DISASTER

BUILDING

BUILDINGS

CRYSTAL

BUG

LAND (NON-SEA)

COFFEE POT,

PLUMS

STRANGER
LINGUISTIC 1EXICON

p A 1113 E 3 15

LINGUISTIC L-XICON PAGE 31

LIXJR.aA

LIZ* AR.

LIJARoT

LI&NEAM

L It;N DA$

LI&NEAWN

LI&NVAWNT

LKAEU S

LKAFUR,

LKALIAbJA

LKB~ilT

LKIF

LKNIST

LKNIY:T

LKNZ

LKIR * H

LKSE

LKSUT

LKUN: A$

LK:AFb

LK.:AS

LK. :EISI

LIIAR.AL:

LNAK: ,LA

LMAL

LMALAYKA

L1ALIK

LMiAN

LIDF&

LMiDK:

LMD. ii.AS. A

LMH*AYN

LMLH. KALIA

LMH*M:SoA

LMIZAN

L IIZAN: YA

LAIL&AL

L ILF:

LLIN$A F.

LMQD:ML

LMQAD. IYT

LM(QLA

LLIS. UD

LtiQBD*IYT

LLIQ: DIY, AT

LIIR .an d.

NOUNS OF ARABIC ORIGIN

OTHER WORLD

BED SHEET

SALARY

EX: SEENOTES

EX: SEE NOTES

E:SEE NOTES

EX: SEE NOTES

REVOLVER

CAMPHOR

VIOLIN

SULPHUR4

KIF

FINISHING

CHURCH

SUR NAMLE

TREASURE
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 316

LQR. UNFL

LQS. BUR.

LQS. B.

LQUB: I

LQUDIRI

LQUR. PN

JA2WAM

IQYAS

LQ:HWA

LQ.:IN f

L$JRI

L$T:AN

LTNAfYN

LT:LAT.A

LUDOIFET

LUD. U

LUH*.LAN

LUKIL

-L ULU F

LUQR.

LUQ:Iiu

LUQ:T

LUSX

LUS6T

LiJ S eI Y:T

LUZIR

LUZI&T

LUJAB

LWLI

LWR.T

LWS.IYT

LXBAR.o

LXDNT

LXD. IYT

LXDoR. A

LXD. R.T

LXI B.

LX.LA

LXL AS.

-LXLIF~T

LXLIQIYT

LXLIt;

LXLQ

-LXL:

LXMIS

LXMUJIYT

LXR. If

'rXT "% A

NOUNS OF ARABIC ORIGIN

CLOVES

CORIANDER

PALACE

DOME

POWER OF GOD

QURAN

BASIC MATERIAL

SIZE

COFFEE

STRING

RENT

MATERIAL (LINEN)

MONDAI

TUESDAY
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 317

LINGUISTIC LEXoCONoPAGEm317

L8IS

18JLA

L8LAF

LBLMI

18RAD,

L8R.B

L8R.:

LB $:

L: AMl: A

L:ILMUN

L: Q: A D.

L: SAQ

L: SAS

L:TAM

L-0 UEYA

1: Ufie

L:ULB

L: UZN

Lo :A

L : AHILSAWN

L. :AHUM:,A

L. :AYiIN:IK:

Le AY SL: M

MA

MAHo YA

MAS. li,

MAT:A

MAT:A LUQ:T

MI3RUK:

MITAYN

MI&AD

MLI He

MNB&D

MR. H. EA

MR. A

MSKIN

MSLXIB

M$U. AL

MUH. AL

MU;6U N

MUJUD

MY: A

MZYAN

NMA-

NOUNS OF ARABIC ORIGIN

MUD

dIGH EXPENSE

COVER

PURiPOSE

TREES

WE£ST

DibILLUSIO.N

CHEATING

ZAWYA CEREMONY

ORA NGES

PLIERS

GLUE

BUILDING FOUNDATI.ON

VEIL

BEANS

WOOD

SCREW

COLOR
LINGUIS11C LEXICON

PAGE 318

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 318 -

SIDI

SK: DINJ DIR

ST:, A

ST*:IN

ST. :A&$:

S: ALAM

5: ALA MU6LIK: U

S: ASA

5: BAD

S:BA81

S:BT

S:B1:

S. :D.AQ

S: D. lH.

5: FR. J

S: HLA

S:H. UB.

S:ID&

S:IY: iD

S:K. AR

S:VLAK

5:' L AM

S:LANT

5: LK

S:LT-a AN

5: L&T

S:L':T

S:L: UM

S : P11)A

S: MX

S:M:

5: N1),w UQ

5: PNSLT

5: ORH.

S:R.J i

S:TR

S: JJUD

S:XD.o

S. AF!

S. BAH.LXIR.

S. ABPI

NOUNS OF ARAbIC ORIGIN

GINGEci

SIXT

SIXTEEN

EX: PEACE (5*.N.)

HELLO (M. TO Me.)

HOU R

PRETEXT

S A 'I UNTA

PRETEXT

DOWRY

BOOF

TRIP

QUINCES

LAXATIVE

LAST MEAL (S.N.)

BABY CEREMONY (SN)

MA GIC

SHOEL ACE (5)

SAINT

SUGAR

BEING REASONABLE
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 319

LINGUIS.iC LE ICON PAGE- 31

TAH. B: AT:4

TAH Z :ANT

TALBABUT:

TALQ: AINT

TALYAQUI.:

TA L: WAU *T

TAMNDILT

TAMQABLT

TAMRIT44

TAMS. B.IYT

TAMZ.YILA

TANDINT

TANJ: AR*T

TAN: XA

TAQ: WlLT

TAQ: ,BoT.AS. 1.

TAREIST

TAR. I: ANT

TAR.:E&

TAR. :SAST

TAB. M:AR.T

TASN: AR.*T

TAS: AST

TAS: FR.JLT

TA. F :ABT

TAS. : kNJT

TA$D: AT:

TA~iF:AReT

TA$K: AlT

TA$M&IYT

TA$T. :AWI

TA$URT

T A W RsI Q: T

TAX ANI

TAXW: ANT

TA XZA NT

TAYSAIRJ

TAL: AJT

TAJBi. :AR.vT

TA&R. ABI

TA&S. :ABT

TLBARD A

Ill.ANUT:

Ti. -oAJ IT:

TH. llIT:

TIFLk LT

TIM$.ADs

TL$R. AD.

TI&Y: ALIN

frTLa LA

NOUNS OF ARABIC ORIGIN

AGRICULTURE

BELT

SMALL DOOR

LI 0UT HFUL

SAPPHIRE

4RITING BOARD

NAPKIN

MIDWIFE

SMALL MIRROR

LIVING BOOM

MOSQUE

TOWN
LINGUISTIC LfXICON

PAGE 320

LI.NGUISTICW LNfXICON PAGE --. 320Imm

NOUNS OF ARABIC ORIGIN

UMN B& I

US. 13111

UIL.*AS.*

UL$IN

U&S: A

WAH, 1)

WALA. ..ULA

WALAKAYN:I

WIS: A.L

WIS: ,H. L.A&$:

WIS:MY: A

WIS:R. B&A

WIS:k( B&DD.A&$

WIS :R. BUIN

WIS :SE&A

WIS:,SB&IN

WIS:SB&T. A&$:

WIS:Sl#: A

WIS:ST:IIJ

WIS:ST. :A&$:

WIS:*TLATA

WIS: ILAITIN

WIS:TIT. :A&$:,

WIS: TIVAN: *YIN

WIS:oTMND. A&$:-

WIS:TMiNYA

WIS:IS&A

Wis*TS&D. A6$:

WIS:'IS&IN

WIS:T. NA&$:-

WIS:*XMSA

WIS: XMSIN

WIS:XMST. A&*:

WIS:&SRIN

WIS:e&$R.A

XALI

XALTI

XAS.s:

XMSA

XMSIN

XMST*.A&$:

YA

YALa : AH

TOTAL: 1169

EX: BY GOD

THEN (AND THEN)

PRETTY

ANYWAY

UGLY

EX: AND HOW ABOUT

ONE

NEITHER.. *NOR

BUT

THOUSANDTH

ELEVENTH

HUNDREDTH

FOU UT H

FOURTEENTH

FORTItTH

SEVENTH

SEVENTIETH
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGI 3P1

LINGUISTICN LmEX.VCON PAGwon321

NOUNS OF W.6STERN ORIGIN

ABULISI

ADBLIJ

ALABIKANI

ALIR.ABD.

AS. B: AYDo

ASNUS

BRIL

BULBUS. l.A

D:RKSXUN

D: UJANBIR

D. YALIAN

F3R. AYR

FRANS

FR. ANK

G:IR: *U

KILU

KT UBIRO

LAP:IST

LADRISA

LAFIRAY

LANTRIT

Li3ABUR.

Lk3AK: YA

LBALIZA

tHAt. A

LBIRU

LBIIR: A

LFILAJ

LFI$T. A

LGAYZ

LGR. AM

LGR. S.IS.

LGUD. ki.UN

LKAR. TA

LKIJKA

LK: UREA

LK. :D.NIT.A

LMAGANA

TOTAL: 76

POLICEMAN

BRACELET

AMERICAN

SAINT

LARGE SHOE

LITTLE DONKEY

APRIL

POSTMAN

DIRECTION

DECEMBER

DIAMOND

FEBRUARY

FRANCE

FRANC

CIGAR ETTES

KILOGRAM

OCTOBER

TRACK

ADDRESS

JUNKYARD

PENSION

SHIP
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

P A G E 32) 0--

LINGUISTIC0LEICONWPAGEw32

ABH.IH

ABLUH.o

ABLW

ABL:UL.

ABL: UL

ABRIDU Z

ABRID

AB- MI L

A13R: AL

ADBILIJ

ADMIR

ADR bAL

AFDJAJ

AFLIJ

AFR

AHNFIE

Afl. B: I

Ad. FU B.

Ad. T$UN

AKF:IE

ALL: U

ALQ: U Z

ALUQ:ID

Ali$H.AD.

AMiZ, : U8

ANBUZ.

AQID. UN

AQL:U$

AQ: FIF

T'AQ: M'UT

AR BI&

AS.B: AYD.o

A SL HAML

ASLII

ASN :A N

ASH. LM

ASURIE

AS YL

ASH UN

A$D: At

A$K:U$

A$LBIX

A$NBU$

A$ilDI &

A $11$ U

A$R.WID.

TOTAL: 93

NOUNS WITH DIMINUTIVES

ORCHARD

DATE (UNRIPE)

EYELASH

OAK

PENIS

RAG

WAY (ROAD)

BARREL

'TEA POT

BRACELET

CHEST

RAG

LOOM (PART OF)

TENT (PART OF)

WING
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 323

LINGUIbft ST-w m IC LEXICON -4PAGE.0.W-.0 323.P -w m-w

NOUNS WITH AUGMENTATIVES

TAkI.BUBT

TAR* . ANT

I A L Q : I N I

TAND. L, IYT

TAMG: E9 ,*

TAMS. -AT:

TANDA

TANDUT:

TA NY Ii T

TAQ B: UT:,

TAHBI&T

TASD: IYT

TASFIfU

TA S RAF

TA$D: AT:

TA$M: UST

TA$T. :ABI

TOTAL: 35

PIMPLE

BELT

MOUTHFUL

S AUCE R

NAPE OF NECK

THIGH

POND

STRAW PLATTER

FOREHEAD

DJELL ABA

GROUP CE PLOPLE

NECKLACE

SASH (BELT)

HOLE IN GROUND

BAND EOR HEAD COVEE

CLOTH FOR CARRYING

BHCCI4

TAWNZA

T A W H*IQ:T

TAXANT

TAXUOLI

T AX N $1YT

TAXR S .T

TAXZAN

TALLUT:,

TAZYAWT

TAJMAR'I

TAJRTILT

TA&DIL[

TA&S.:ABT

TA&$IRT

TA8NJAYT

TINZRT

TMART

TNUQ: BI

TCUFT OF HAIR

PIECE OF PAPER

TENT

LOAF OF BREAD

SACK

EARRING
LINGU1511C LEXICON

PAGE 324

LINGUXS.MTIC LEXICON0m. PAGE 32 )4-AM -mw- -

AI3N -,AY

ABE: Ab.

ABULISI

ABW:wAB

ADL: AL

AGZ:*AIR

Ali* I): *AD

AHl. M: AL

All. J: AM

AKS:A*E

AKS : Al

AMAZAN

AML)Y AZ

AMD: Ah.

AMNAY

AMZIL

AM&D: E

AM AJR.

NOUNS WITH NiO FEMININE

MASON

TOWN CRIER

POLICEMAN

DOORMAN

TRAVELLING SALESMAN

BUTCHER

BLACKS MIT H

PZORTER

BARBER

CATTLE HERDER

MASSEUR

MESSE NGER

SINGER

RELIGIOUS SINGER

HORSEMAN

BLACK SMITH

GHOST

SHEIKH CF TRIBE

ANMJAIR

AN$:AD

ANJ MA N

ANJ: AR.

AR.(, Q: AS

AIR.* W: ASI

ASB: AB

ASK:A$

ASK:AYRI

AS.o Y: AL.o

AT.w B: AL

AXB: AZ

AXM:AS

AXR:AZ

A&S.Kh.I

A &T. : AR.i

A8Y: AT.

D.o : ALM

IL&AML

HARVESTER (0CC.o)

SINGER

HUNTER

CARPENTER

MESSENGER
LINGUISTIC LiXICON

PAGE 325

AL: I

D): ULIL

D, : IQ-A

LAP: 1ST

LADN

L AM ih.

LAS. L*

LAJB.0

NOUNS WITH NO P-LURAL

BRAIN

COVER

ASTHMA

TRACK

pEadISSION

ORDER

ORIGIN

HEAVENLY RECOiIPLNSATION

LFSAi)

LGNAZT

LHBA{. A

L H13R, T

LHR£(A WA

LHs.ti* :

iii. SIFT

LK URVi

DIFFERE~NCE

CORRU PT ION

FUNERAL

LEAN MEAT

LEAN MSEAT

BEATING WITH STICK

VAI N

GRUDGE

ARTILLERY SHEILL

TUTAL: 17

LiNLj-UISTIL L IXiCCN PG 2

PAGE 326

NOUN-s- WITH "IT-" PLUi(A-,L

AT.0 '1'-R

ATNi

AJ i: AS

,AT vTA L

EixA J

13U LNU. 0,A N

3US. 6 AM

r *A N J i:

zU d a U A

45 ALPI

.LT r, I

LB A Z:

~-B Z Ili

LE IL

Li NAiio

LG. ?AL

LH.N -A

li. Z:AN

L I N iAn

LI TUB3

L N A h. AL:

Li I,121,A iN

L Ni i 6&AD

L Ny B:I

L AS: AK:

L N U B: N

*F :")*'74*T*-V4G

BEt

BE

A E

A R

W L

Ai

A ii

AR

A ix

A R

A ii

A R

AS

A R

LE

AR

AE

Alk

A Z'

A R

A h

A R

A E

AR

ARx

A 1k

A R

A R

A ii

A I

A R

PIG'ION

COLT OF TWO YLtARS

YOUNG NAN

6 T U TI E a
LINGUiSTIC LEXICON

PAGE 327

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 327

**PARTICLES**

PAR TIC LES

STATISTICS:,

23 BERBER,

A ARA13IC

231 PARTICLES

EVER~ AS IN WHOEVER

H ERE (SEE NCTES)

IMP. SUE. (1 P.M.)

IMP. SUE. (2 el.P.)

IMPEB. SUF. (1 M.D.)

IM1PER. SUFF (1 D.Fo)

IMPER. 511FF (1 F.P.)

IMPE[?. SUFF. (2 F.P,

INCHOATIVE PREFIX

LE~SS (F) EG. HOMELES

LESS AS IN HOMELESS

NEG.J- PREFIX (S.N.)

OWNEfr, ONE WHO (SN)

PART. OF PROXIMITY

PART.o: CONLITIONAL

AK:

H AHY: A

MAX

A x

NTAX

NIAX

NT

AL-

TAR

WARl

UL: I

MR

BE

AR

BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

ARl

BE

BE

PRO NOMINALS

STATISTICS:

HE

HE WHO

HER

HER (PRONOUN AFFIX)

HER ALCNE

HERS
PAGIE 328

LINGUISTIC LIXICON

L I N G U I S T I C -U X I C O N- P A G E 3 2 8

(CO N T,)

THOSE (F.mPe.)

THOSE (F.P.)

THOSE WHO

TO HEB

TO HIM

TO ME

TO THEM (F.)

TO THEM (M)

TO US (PPON. AFFIX)

TO YOU (F.Po)

TO YOU (F.S.)

TO YOU (M.P.)

TO YOU (11.5.)

US (F)

us (m)

US (PBON. AfFIX

WE (F)

WE (m)

WE ALCNE

WHAT (R.EL.)

WHATEVER

WHICH (REL.)

WHO (IBEL.)

WHO (BEL.)

WHO AMONG + PL. NOUN

WHO AMO-NG TEEM (F)

WHO AMONG THEM (M)

WHO AMONG US

WHO AMONG YOU (F.P.)

WHO AMONG YOU (M.P.)

WHO?

WHO?

TININ:

TINU

IDIN

AS

A S

ASNT

ASN

A X

A WNT

AM

AWN

N$NIT

NT$NINT

AX

NT$NINTI

NT$NI

UB HoDN: X

A DI N

AK: ADIN

DIN

AY

DIN

MANDG.:IT

IIANDISNT

MANDISN

MANDINX

MANDIWNT

MANDIWN
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 329

LINGUISTIC LEXICONM PAGE 329 -

(CONT.)

TOP--TOWARDS THE TOP G.:SAWN

TOWARDS THE TOP G.:SAWN

TOWARDS UPPER PART G.:SAWN

UNDEB D:AW

BE

BE

BE

BE

UPPER PART--TOWARDS

WITH

WITH (INSTRUMENTAL)

WITHOUT

WITHOUT

G. :SAWN

BLA

WAR

BE

BE

BE

AR

BE

INTERROGATIVES

STATISTICS:

HOW MANY

HOW MUCH

HOW MUCH

HOW MUCH

HOW?

ON WHAT

WHAT ABOUT?

WHAT FOR?

WHAT TIME?

WHAT--ON

WHAT?

WHAT?

WHAT?

WHAT?

WHEN?

WHEN?

18 BERBER,

M$H. AL

M$TA

MSH. AL

M$TA

MISM

MAX

MAX

MA8R

MAT:A LUQ:T

MAX

MA

MAY

MAT:A
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 330

LINGU-ST0C LEICON PAGE 33

UNTIL

UNTIL

U NTrIL

WELL,

(CC N I.)

ANC THEN

QUANTIFIERS

ALUD

AZG:A

11I I&AD

I WA

BE

AR

AR

WHEN

WHEN

WHEREAS

WHEREAS

WHILE

AD:*0AY

ZG: A

UMA

zIyx

K: UD

BE

BE

BE

BE

BE

STAISTICS:

ALL

ALMOST

ALMOST

ALSO

AS BIG AS

EAC H

EVEN

EVERY

EVERY ONE

EVERYTHING

HO04 MANY

HOW MANY

HJW MANY

HOW MUCH

JUST

JUST

JUST

LITTLE SIT

LOT (A LOT CF)

11 BERBER,

Q:AH.

&LAH. AL

TQR*IBAN

tJLAD

AN$T

KUL:
LI14GUISTIC LiXICON

PAGE 331

LINGUISTICmmafLEICWm-On.No P.m-m.. aGE 3N- -

ADF

ADR

AD.I

AF

AFRW

AFS

AF:

AG:

ALY

AMS

AR

AR

ARF

ARI

AR. W

ASY

AS:

A$L

A$M

A$R

A$Y

AWD.

AWY

AZ. D.

AZN

AZY

AZ:L

AJL

AJ M

AJR

A8

BD:

BD.U

BND(

BRY

BR.:N

BURZ

BZY

B:Y

D. FR.

DH .Y

DL

DRUS

DJAL:

DJI

DJIWN

D:D

D:IQ:S.

D:IRZ

D:R

D:UK:L

D:Z

D.R:&

D. I.

VERBS OF BEiBER ORIGIN

ENTER

BURY

FOLD

FIND

FLY

STUFF

SWELL

REFUSE
LINGUISTIC LfXlCON

PAGE 332

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 332a w -

ML. UD.UF

MQ: B.

MS

MSASA

MSL

MUN

MYUD:U

MZ.:1

MJR

M:N8

NDR

NDU

ND.D.

ND.L

ND.U

NFS

N Q:R.

NS

NTL

NW

NY

NZ

N8

N8D

N:D.

N:H.AZ

N:H. RD

N:UD:M

Q.$L

Q:AR.

Q:AS

Q:I

'L

Q:N

Q:B.F

Q:S.

RABY

R.D.L

RS

R$I

RU

RWL

RZU

RZ.M

B:

R:WY

R.Z.

R.:Z.

SDID

SL:

SIM

SR:H.

STY

SUL

VERBS OF BERBER ORIGIN

HOLD EACH OTHER

TO BE BIG

BE BELATED TO

FIT WITH

APPLY PAINT, ETC.

ACCOMPANY

ROCK

TO BE SMALL
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 333

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 333

VERBS OF BERBER ORIGIN

T.:F

UD.A

UMu

USU

USUS

us

WR.:8

WS:R

W:T

XMZ

XSY

ZDI

ZDM

ZD8

ZD:IJ

ZG.:8

ZID.

ZIZW

ZL: &

ZMR

ZRY

ZU

ZUR

ZWAR

ZWD.

ZYRT

Z8A

Z:LZ

Z:R

CATCH

FALL

TO BECOME WEAK

COUGH

FALL (DUST,ETC.)

GIVE

TO BE YELLOW

TO BE OLD

BEAT

SCRATCH

EXTINGUISH FIRE

LINK

COLLECT WOOD

DWELL

BE CLEAN

BE RED

TO BE SWEET

TO BE BLUE

POUR

BE ABLE TO

LEAVE

BARK

TO BE BIG

TO BE FIRST

SHAKE (COUSCOUS)

TO BE LONG

BLEAT

SHAKE (E.G. DUST)

PLUCK

Z:UZ:R

Z.AWD.
1INGUISTIC LIXICON

PAGE. 334

aImUI TI LXIONPA0-3)

AH.L

ANN

AMR.

A&R.

BAR.$

BAY&

BDA

BDHL

BDB

BD:L

BH.BH.

BH.T

BL:8

,N A

BRD

BRM

BR:H.

BR.D.

BSL

BT.:L

BX: a.

BY:N

B&D

B&J

B8A

B8D.

B:R.E$

DAM

DAWA

DAWM

DB8

DB:R.

DFS

DHkN

DH$

DL$

DW:X

DJAR.

DJUM: &

D:N

D:&A

D. ALB

D. A&

D. BC

D. FS.

D. HR.

D. LM

D.L:&

D.MN

D.T

D.N:

D.R.:

D. UR.

D.W:R.

VERBS OF ARABIC ORIGIN

BE TIRED

BELIEVE

COMMAND

TO BE DIFFICULT

CONGRATULATE

PLEDGE ALLEGIANCE

START

RAVE
LINGUISTIC LfXICON

PAGE 335

LINGUISTIC L-nowmXICON PAGEw 335.M

H.L$

H. MA

H. MD

H. ML

H.Ld:M

H. NH.N

H.N:

H.Q:R.

H.R:$

H.R.M

H.R.$

H.R.:

H. SD

H.$M

H.$:

H.$:M

H. TAL

H. UDR

H.W:Z.

H.Z:M

KB:

KFA

KL:F

KMUM:$

KM:L

KN:A

KR: I

KR. H

KS:L

K$:D.

LAQ

LB3&

LHA

LH.:M

LQ:D.

LQ:M

LSQ:

LUM

L&:B

MBR:AZ

MH.A

ML$

ML:S

MN&

MR:T

MR. D.

M R_ : 8

MSX

MS:D

M$D.

MNY:Z

M:T

VERBS OF ARABIC ORIGIN

LICK FINGER

TO BE HOT

THANK (GOD)

FLOCD (BIVER)

BATHE

WHINNY

PITY

SCORN

MAKE SURE

MOVE
LINGUISTIC LIXICON

PAGE 336

LINGUISTC LEXICO0PAGE 33

Q:R.A

Q:S.H.

Q:UD:L

RBH.

RDM

RK:Z

R$L

RT:B

RJIJ

RJL

RJ m

R. AH.

R. A&A

R. A8B

R.B:A

R.D.A

R.H.L

B.H.M

R.S.:A

R.$:

B.W:H.

R.XS.

R.Z.N

R.JA

R.JMI

B. &B

SAFR

SAL

SAMH.

SAWM

SA&F

SB8

SB:B

SB: &

SD.:&

SH.:R

SIT.B.

SKN

SK: .

SL:K

SL:M

SM:A

SN:D

SRH.

SRSR

STAHL:

STH.A

STR

STWA

ST. :R.

SWA

SW:Q:

SXA

SXD.

VERBS OF ARABIC ORIGIN

BEAD

TO BE STRONG

TO BE GRILLED

WIN

DEMOLISH

TREAD

KICK LIKE ANIMAL

ORGANIZE
LINGUISTIC LIXICON

PAGE 337

LI-A6.opf NGUSTIC LEICON-9 PAG-IWE--337

WZN

WZ:&

WJD

W&R.

XALF

XAS.M

XBR.

XB$

XDM

XD&

XD.A

XD. &

XLA

XLF

XLU

XL&

XL. :D.

XL. :S.

XMJ

XM:M

XM: B.

XE. B$

XR. WD.

XR. :F

XS. R.

XS.:

X$N

XWA

XW:N

XX:R.

XZN

ZAWG

ZAYD

ZGL

ZHR

ZM: M

zaB

ZR&

ZWA

ZW:Q

Z&F

Z. UM:

Z. UR.

Z.:AL.:

JADL

JAHD

JAWB

JBD

JBR.

JHD

JLA

JMS

JR.A

VERBS OF ARABIC ORIGIN

WEIGH

DISTRIBUTE MEAT (SN)

TO BE READY

TO BE DIFFICULT

DIFFER

SHOUT AT S.O.

GIVE THE NEWS

CLUTCH

WORK
LINGUISTIC 1EXICON

--)-)8

PAGE jj

LIoa..nUISTWICAO LEXICON PAGE 338- - -- ---

VERB SUMMARY

ADF

ADR

A.D. I

AF

AFR W

AFS

AF:

AG:

AH. L

ALY

AMN

AMR,

AMS

AR

AR

AR?

A HI

AR. -4

ASI

AS:

A$L

A$M

ASR

A$Y

AWD.

AZ. Do

AZN

AUY

AZ: L

AJL

AJ A

AJH

A&R*

A8

BAR* $

BAY&

EDA

UDHL

BDR

BD:

BD: L

BD.e U

BH. T

BL: 8

BNA

BNDQ

BRD

"BRM

12 6

1 3

1 6

1 4

12 8

1 6

12 6

12 6

1 6

12

1 4 6

1 8
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 339

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 339

VERB SUMMARY

BSL

BT.:L

BURZ

BX: R.

BY:N

BZY

B&D

B&J

1B8A

B8D.

B:R.B$

B:Y

DAM

DAWA

DAWM

DB8

DB:R.

D.FR.

DF&

DHN

DH$

DH .Y

DL

DL$

DRUS

DW:X

DJAL:

DJAR.

DJI

DJIWN

DJUM:&

D-D

D:IQ:S.

D:IRZ

D:N

D:R

D:UK:L

D:Z

D:&A

D.ALB

D. A&

D.BS

D. B&

D.FS.

D. H R.

D.LM

D.L: &

D.MN

D.MS

D.N:

D.R: 6

D.R.

D. OR.

D.W:R.

12 6

12 4 6

1 34 6

12 6

12

123 56
LINGUISTIC LIXICON

PAGE 340

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 3)40

VERB SUMMARY

D.W:

D.Y:Q

D. &F

D.:B.D.R

FA

FAFA

FD.H.

FD.R.

FD.:A

FHM

FK:

FL

FLT

FLY

FRN

FRJ

FR:Z

FR.H.

FR. &

FR.8

EFi. : Q

FR.:J

FR.:8

FSD

FSR

ESUS

FSY

FS:R

FS.:L

FTL

FT:$

FZ.:

F:U

F:8

GMGM

GR: &

GR.S.S.

GW:D

GZ:R

GJDR

G:IR

G:UNZR

G.:

G.:D

HAN

iBL

HDA

HUM

HDR

HL:L

HM:

HN:A

HE:A

1 4 6

1 6

12 6

12 6

12

12 6

1 34 6

12 6
LINGUISTIC LfXICON

PAGE 341

LINGUISTCALEXICO PAGE 34

VERB SUMMARY

HW: D

fi W: L

H, ADA

H A R.S

HO AR.

He.AR.1B

H. ASB

HeOAT.,: R

H . AW L

H .0AZ

H. BS

HO 13U

H. DADJ

HeDO*

H.D.A

H. D. Be

H, FA

H.IDJ

HL$

H.* MA

He MD

H. ML

H. NH, N

fl.Q:Q

He.RbL

H. RURD

H. Re

ii SD

Hi. T$A

f. u DR

HOUYL

IF

-V.V" FW

12 6

1 6

1 3

1 34

1 34 6

1 34

123

1 4

12

14 8

1 6

1 3

12

12

12 8

1 4 6

12 6

123 56

12 4 678

1 3 67

12 4 6

12 4 6

1 6

1 6 8
LINGUISTIC LIXICON

PAGE 3 2

LINGUSTIC XXICN PAGM3±!

VERB SUMMARY

IR.D

ISIN

T$

IJT

IJ[T

KB:

KFA

KL:F

KMUM:$

KM:L

KN:A

KR:$

KB. H

KS:L

K$:D.

K:

K:MU

K:R

K:S

LAL

LAQ

LB&

LHA

LH.LH.

LH.:M

LQ:D.

LQ: N

LS

LSQ:

LUM

LS:B

L:F

L:M

L:XS

L:8

L:8Z.M

L.:UZ.

MBR:AZ

MD. A$AR.

MH.A

MLASAY

MLAWAY

ML$

5L:L

ML:S

ML. UD.UF

MN&

VQ:R.

MR:T

MR.D.

MR.:8

MS

MSASA

MSL

12 6 NO

1 34 00

1234 6 lU

1 34 IU

12 NO

1 4 NO

I IA
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 343

LINGUISTIC L-ICON PAGE 32 I

VERB SUMMARY

MSX

MS:

M$D.

MUN

MYUD:U

MY:L

MY:Z

IZ. :I

MJR

M:N8

M:T

M:USD. B.

NB$

NDM

NDR

NDU

NDJ:A

ND.D.

ND.H.

ND.L

ND.U

NFD.

NFH.

NFNF

NFQ

NFS

NF&

NHA

NQ:A

NQ:R.

NQ: $

NQ:Z

NS

NS. B

NS.D.

N$R.

N$:D

NTL

NW

NY

NZ

NJ ei

NJR.

N&L

N6T

N8

N8DNS

N8N8

N:D.

N:H.AZ

N:H.RD

N:QLE

N:UD:M

12 4

12

1 4

12

12

12
UNGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 344

L-NGUISTI LEXICONPAGE 3)4

VERB SUMMARY

N:UQB

N:JLA

QAWL

QBL

QB:D.

QDM

QD:

QD:M

QD.A

QHR.

QIM

0111

QL&

QL:B

QL:Q

QMR.

QM:R.

QR.QB

QR. $L

QR.:

QR.:

GR.:R.

QR.:$

QS. :R.

QWA

QW:M

OW:R.

Q:ABL

Q:AR.

Q:AS

Q:I

Q:IM

Q:L

Q:LA

Q:N

Q:R.A

Q:R.F

Q:S.

Q:S.H.

Q:UD:D

RABY

RBH.

RDM

R.D.L

hK:Z

ii$i

RS

RU

RWL

RZU

RZ.M

RJIJ

12 8 NO

12 IA

13 NO

1 00

1 6 00

1 7 00

1 6 NO

1 00

12 8 IA
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 345

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 345

VERB SUMMARY

RJL

RJM

R:WY

R.AH.

R.A&A

R.A8 E

R.B:A

R.D.A

R.H.L

B.S. :A

R.$-

JR.W:H.

R.XS.

R.Z.

R.Z.N

R.JA

R.JM

R.&B

R.:Z.

SAFR

SAL

SAMH.

SAWM

SASF

SB8

SB:B

SB:&

S DID

SD.:&

SH.: R

SIT. R.

SKN

SK: B.

SL:

SL:K

SL: M

SM:A

SN:D

SRH.

SRM

SRSR

SR:H.

STAHL:

STH. A

STR

STWA

STY

ST. :R.

SUL

SULA

SW

SWA

1 6

1 34 6

12 56

12

1 6

1 4 6

1234 6

1 3 67
L.INGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 346

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAG- - E 3)46.

VERB SUMMARY

SW:Q:

SXA

SXD.

S8

S:AR

S:ARA

S:DU

S:FAL:

S:FLIL:Y

S:H. IL:L

S:1D:

S.:IFD.

S:IF:

S:IM

S:IND.

S:IRD

S:IWL

S:LIL

S:LILW

S:MND. I

S:MRARA

S:NFL

S:NSR

S:RS

S:RWT

S:U

S:UDM

S:UFS

S:UM:R

S:URF

S:USM

S:UTR

S:XUR. :Y

S:YINFA

S:JRURS

S:&UK:Z

S:8D

S:8UY:

S. AR.F

S.ALH.

S.BH.

S.BR.

S. B:H.

S.D.:Q:

S.FA

S.FD.

S.H.:

SLT *.N

S.M:D.

S.M:R.

S.R.D.

S.Y:D

S.Y:F

S.:UD.

1 4

1 3

1 4

1 3

1
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 347

LINGUITIC LEICON PGE.34

VkIRk3SUMMARY

sAt-

$AR. :A

-$ AWH a

$AYDe

$ AYE'

$13: R

jPD. U

$113

$KR,

$K: M

$ LQM

$L:* L

$M-0T

$NI

$RF

$81

$ as

$ LiZ

$TAB

$THA

$TY A

$T. 13

$To :iLN

$U.D: A

$8L

T:AFQ

T:NHL. :A

T: RTR

2:U

T:&D: A

T,..Z,

T,$AR.

1.: ARH,

T, :F

UD. A

Uiu m

1105v0

1 4 NO

1 IA

1 34 6 NO

12 6 NO

1 7 NO

1 34 6 00

1 46 NO

123 NO

1 4 67 00

12 8 NO

1 34 00

12 4 6 NO

1 34 00

12 1 u

1 4 00

1 8 00

1 34 6 00

1 46 00

12 NO0

1 6 00

1 6 00

12 46 NO

1 6 00

1 4 8 00
LIRGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 348

LINGUISTIC LBXICON PAGE 348

VERB SUMMARY

WAJB 1 34 6 NO T AR AVCD ANSWER

WA&D 1 NO T AR AVCD GO TOWARD

WK:L 1 7 00 T AR AB:C APPOINT TO REPRESENT

WQ:R. 1 34 6 00 T AR AB:C RESPECT

WR.T 1 8 00 T AR ABC INHERIT

WR.:8 12 6 00 I BE AB:C TO BE YELLOW

WS:R 12 67 00 I BE AB:C TO BE OLD

WS:X 1234 6 00 I AR AB:C TO BE DIRTY

WS.:A 1 34 6 IA T AR AB:V ADVISE

WZN 1 8 00 T AR ABC WEIGH

WZ:& 1 8 00 T AR AB:C DISTRIBUTE MEAT (SN)

WJD 12 00 I AR ABC TO BE READY

W&R. 12 8 00 I AR ABC TO BE DIFFICULT

W:T 1 34 8 IU T BE A:B BEAT

XALF 13 NO T AR AVCD DIFFER

XAS.M 13 NO T AR AVCD SHOUT AT S.0.

XBR. 1 8 00 T AR ABC GIVE THE NEWS

XB$ 1 34 6 8 00 T AR ABC CLUTCH

XDM 12 4 67 00 I AR ABC WORK

XD& 13 00 T AR ABC BETRAY

XD.A 12 8 IA T AR ABV AVOID

XD.& 14 00 T AR ABC BE SUBJECT

XLA 1 5 8 IA N AR ABV RUIN, BE RUINED

XLF 1 00 I AR ABC GROW AGAIN

XLQ 1 7 00 T AR ABC CREATE

XL& 1 00 N AR ABC TO BE AFRAID

XL.:D. 1 34 6 00 T AR AB:C STIR

XL.:S. 146 00 N AR AB:C PAY, BE PAID

X1Z 13 6 00 I BE ABC SCRATCH

XMJ 12 67 00 I AR ABC TO STINK

XM:M 1 6 00 I AR AB:C THINK

XM:R. 1 6 00 I AR AB:C PLAY

XR.B$ 12 00 I AR ABCD MESS UP

XR.WD. 146 00 N AR ABCD STIR

XR. :F 146 00 I AR AB:C HARVEST (AUTUMN)

XSY 12 00 I BE ABC EXTINGUISH FIRE

IS.R. 12 00 N AR ABC BREAK DOWN (MACHINE)

XS.: 12 NO I AR AB: TO BE NECESSARY

X$N 1 67 00 I AR ABC TO BE UGLY

KWA 1 6 IA I AR ABV TO BE EMPTY

XW:N 1 4 67 00 T AR AB:C ROB

XY:R. 14 00 T AR AB:C CHOOSE

XZN 14 8 00 N AR ABC KEEP

ZAWG 1 NO T AR AVCD ASK FOR PROTECTION

ZAYD 12 4 6 NO I AR AVCD ADD

ZDI 13 00 T BE ABV LINK

ZDM 1 4 67 00 T BE ABC COLLECT WOOD

ZD8 12 00 I BE ABC DWELL

ZD:IJ 1 NO I BE AB:VD BE CLEAN

ZGL 1 34 00 T AR ABC MISS S.C. OR S.T.

ZG. :8 12 67 00 I BE AB:C BE RED

ZHR 1 6 00 I AR ABC ROAR

ZID. 12 6 NO I BE AVC TO BE SWEET

ZIZW 12 6 NO I BE AVCD TO BE BLUE

LINGUISTIC LIXICON

PAGE 3.9

LINGUIStIC LEXICON PAGE 3)4

VERB SUMMARY

ZL:&6

ZMR

ZM:fM

ZRB

ZRY

ZR&

zU

ZUR

ZWA

ZWAR

ZWD.

ZW:Q

ZYRT

Z&F

Z8A

Z:LZ

Z:R

Z:UZ:R

Z.AWD.

Z.D.

Z.D.

Z.R.

Z.UM:

Z.UR.

Z. AL.:

Z.:AY

Z. :L.

Z.: U

Z.:U8R.

Z.:&

JADL

JAHD

JAWB

JBD

JBR.

JHD

JLA

JMR

j8&

JN

JNI

JR

JR.A

JR.H.

JR.:B

J&L

J:Y

&AR. D.

SAWD

SAWN

&AYR.

&BD

&BR.

1 46 00

1 00

1 46 00

12 00

12 4 00

1 4 00

I NO

12 6 NO
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 350

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PA(;E 350

VERB SUMMARY

&B:S

&DL

&D: B

&FU

& F:A

&ID

&I$

&LF

&LM

&L: M

& MA

&M:R.

&NA

&NQ

&Q:L

&R. QB

8R.:

&S:S

&S.A

&$Q

&$:R.

&T.:.

&Ul:

&Y:D

&Z: A

GZ:A

&JB

&JN

8AB

8AN:

8BA

8BN

8B:R.

8D.R.

8FL

8FR.

8LAY

81B

8LU

8LUL:

SLY

8L:F

8M

8ML

BMS

8mY

8NA

BR.

8R.F

8R.M

8R.S.

8R. Y

8R.:

1 6

1 4

1234 67

1 6

123

12

12 6

1 6
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 351

VERB SUMM1ARY

8 $:

8 UF

BUS

12

12

1 34

67 IU

NO

NO

6 IU

8 NO

T AR

I BE

I BE

T BE

T 8 E

Ab:

AVC

AVG

AB

CHEAT

TO BE SUFFOCATED

TO BE BURNED

DIG

CRUNCH

LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 352

CGMPARISON OF ABLAUT AND VERB SHAPE

AIl

AIl

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

AU

IA

IA

IA

LA

IA

IA

IA

IA

IA

IA

IA

IA

VBC

VBC

A:VC

A:VC

A:VC:

ABVD

ABVD:

AVC

AVC
LINGUISIIC LEXICCN

PAGE 353

LINGUISTIC LEXICCN PAGE 353

CCIIPARISON OF AELAUI AND VERB SHAPE

IA

IA

LA

I A

I A

I u

ILu

I u

i-U

LU

'U

I'U

ILu

I'u

ILu

I u

ILu

I u

L u

ILu

I'u

I u

ILu

LU

L u

ILu

I u

I'u

L u

NO0

NO0

NO0

NO0

NO0

NO

NO0

NO0

NO0

NO0

No

NO0

N 0

NO0

NO0

NO0

NO

11O

NO

AVCV

AVCV

A:

A:

A:

A:B

AB

ADB

A B

A 8

A 1

A B

A 1
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 35

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 354

COMPARISON OF AELAUT AND VERB SHAPE

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

AE:VD

AB:VD

ABC: VE

AEV

AUV

ABV

ABV
LINGUISTIC LEXICCN

PAGE 355

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 355

CCMPARISON OF AELAUI AND VERB SHAPE

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

NO

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

VBCVE

VBV

vVB V

VBVB

VBVB

VBVD

A:B
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 356

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 356

COMPARISON OF AELAUl AND VERB SHAPE

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00o

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00o

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

oOO

o0

00o

00o

oo

AB:C

AE:C
LINGUISIIC LEIICCN

PAGE 357

LINGUISTIC LEXICCN PAGE 357

CCMPARISON OF ABLAU[ AND VERB SHAPE

00

00

00

00

00

u0o

00

00

00

00

00o

00o

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

AEC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC
LINGUISTIC LEXICCN

PAGE 358

COMPARISON OF ABLAUT AND VERB SHAPE

00

00

oo

00

00

00

00

00

00

oo

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00o

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

ABC

LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 359

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 359

COMPARISON OF TRANSITIVITY AND VERB PRODUCTIVITY

IL

£-

IL

12

1
LINGUISTIC LEXICCN

PAGE 360

CCMPARISON OF TRANSITIVITY AND VERB PRODUCTIVITY

6 8

6 8

6 8

67

67

67

67

67

67

67

67

6 8

67

67

67

SULA

S. 13B:H.

S: ARA

S: AL:

S:U FS

S:8UY:

$N&

$UL :A

$8L

T:NHL.:A

XM: M

KM: R.

XWA

ZHR

Z.:L.
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 361

LINGUISTiC LEXICON PAGE 361

CGMPARISON 0F TRANS17IVITY AND VERB PRODUCTIVITY

£

I.

-L

I.

£

£

1 1-

12

12

12-4

12

12d'

12

12

112

12

12

12

12Z,

12

1249

12

1.2

12

12

1.2

12

12

12

12

12

12

12
LINGUISTIC LEXICGN

PAGE 362

COMARIONOF TRANSITIVITY AND VERB PRODUCTIVITY

£

£

J.

£

£

12

12

12

12

12i

12 5

124

124

124

12 4

12 4

1231

12 14

123L

123

1235
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAG-E 363

LINGUISIIC LEXICCN PAGE 363

CC8PARISON OF TRANSITIVITY AND VERB PRODUCTIVITY

If

7
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAG E 364

CCMPARISON OF TRANSITIVITY AND VEB.1 PRODUCTIVITY

4
LINGUISlIC LEXICON

PACE 365

COMPARISON OF TRANSITIVITY AND MEW PROD)UCTIVITY

1~'

12

12

1 Z

12

12

12

12

12

1,2

12

12

12

12

12.

12

12

12

12

12

12

34 6

34 6

34 6

34 6

34 b

34 6

34 67

3456

'5 6

WQ: R.

Ws. :A
LISGUI-STIC LEXICCN

PAGE 366

CCMPARISON OF WORD ORIGIN AND VERB SHAPE

A R

AR

A E

A R

ARd

A R

A it

A R

A R

A R

AR

AR

AR5

A R

AR

ARB

ARS

A R

A R

ANI

A ti

Ah

A R

ARH

A R

AR

ARH

AR

AR

AR

A R

A R

A R

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

ARi

A R

A R

A R

ARH

A R

A R

A R

A R

A R

A R

A EC

A: B CD

A:ECD

A :BCD:

A :R8Cl V

A :BfCV

A:BCV

A ERV

A B EV

A:BVD:E

A :LVD:E

A :VC

A: VC:

A :VC : C
LINGUISIIC LEI-LCCN

PAGE 367

LINGUiSTIC LEXICON PAGE 367

CCFIPARISON OF WORD CRIGIN AND VERB SHAPE

A R

A R

AR

A R

AR

A R

ARH

Aa

ARH

A R

A R

A R

AR-

A R

A R

A R

A R

A R

A R

A R

A R

A R

ARh

ARH

ARB

A R

A R

A R

A R

ARH

AR

A R

A R

A R

A R

A R

ARH

AR

ARfi

A R

A R

AR

AJR.

A R

A R

Af :C

AE:C

AE:C

Aki:C

AB:C

AB:C

AR:C

AB: C

AE:C

AE :C

AE:C

AE:C

AR :C

AE:C

AE:C

Afi:C
LINGUISTIC LEX-ICCN

PAGE 368

LINGUISTIC LEXICCN PAGE 368

CCMPARISON CF WCED CRIGIN AND VERB SHAPE

AB

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

Ai

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

ARI

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

ARC

ABC

A BC

ARC

ABC

ARC

ABC
LINGUIS11C LEXICON

PAGE 369

CCMPARISON OF WORD GRIGIN AND VERB SHAPE

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

AR

ABCV

AbCV

ABCV

AbV

AEV

ABV

AEV

AtV

AEV
Ul)

E-4 0 u >4

7NH3 : - E-4 E-

H U) >4 0C HZ4H=3r4 0

4N A 0 OH r.lu all 4Un 13C

O 43A 094 H H Hn A 0 H HL a H H H nW OH WN U) 00

0 -40E- 4- 41- M0 E-4H )U 0 0 H M4 n

0 E

E-4 E 330 rH

o Z4No N U C oE

zA04 4

0Z 04W A%% 4 4 Ncw = 41

U 4j U H .-Nm0 4 mQ ( W0 0X n M"C:i

4 l4 M V r . .. 0 0 0

ci ca)E-H114 4 0 3109 If) (n m NU) 'A 0 0 H 'A N 0QUm m) U) U) U)U U U N 0 c4 A ~Zz 0z z m )~4 )HH ~0

ofo o00 p o M

u u u uu 0000000uu0 Qu

U U U>.U>>- U UM UIUWU>.U>U0U> U U U* U U U:U :::U U>. UwU

tosoo t o ogot t o ftotot t 4 ito0q,0 q#q *0 t s o g = C m M qm q m 'HH HoqO A Q IO : m

-: 4 $C :tIC 4 <449: 99OC 4 CC-c CCPC d eg44 " C 4 -C:.-. -404,. d 4 4,...4c-c 4 4-C,-c. -: 4 40 4.4go. 4 C44

al ww L :H wHH wWHww ww q 1HwwHH4w :HH4Hq 14OaH4 wA HHAHHpaHAN wOPHHAH4 p w44w 4HP w4 rHC

MMMN N . NNNNNNNNmm N A mm N N N=MN N N NN N NN M NNmm N N N a N N N N N N N N

E- a

j) >

4-4 0 H

Hn E- N

a4)CN -AOHN 4 O

>4

0 H

CU)k 4 4 -

Z 3>4 * u

00 0 N * .N14U)

b4. U04SAH<

Q4 H NH H H 0 ..Hr

Hr40= z 30 wN 0 PQ NZH-NwH H

P4N EH4 u o u p 14 u H-.OmZCwr7

Hz0a4 :4 m HH 04

3d H ONNOl 4 r4 W N-N 4 E4 N3 F-4 uUL) 4 LH 0N r4 0

n Z4 S4 m d CMUIn U E4 3A0n A M- r E4 4 nX '4E4[H :MH M dH to N

E-4' I) H U .14H0 14H64 A40 H- E-HHU) .9 H 4En$C z341- w= 4 ;O4:

4 H 04 3 H=0 0M0: E F- 0 0 0 0C0H)H )34=)H 0C)o Z r4 al NH U H WNtH

H 2C ()nAH A- U H 4E4C - -U 431-,A ) P U 4 H H F-0 E4'n a) -aA U)eH U -A V) H&U U)H a4 U) .AM 3 CO U) A 4 ::0

0 >4A

m: 0.AZ .4A4% 71 or&3M.L

C4 Z4 . 33A-4H=1H =H HAC -4>4 H r4

ZU) 300 H2sog s >4- X 4 4 Z Z 0 H , nW 4COM >

94 6.o f.s t 0 t 0 t g.4go 0 s o s g.6 o of t9 1 0* *a t.t o g o o g o of s i

4 A4-A A4 4 Z Y YCY W H :X N -NQN r-.) 0H oA43X!--W ;U)(nU) N A4 U) U)4U) UM U) U) U U)3 U)V) M U ) U) L%

0 *0 to 0 0 3 to 00 *090f t 0 # I*0to oft0 so t 0 t003 to 0000 0goo o0o og3*0* 00 oofe f t 9 t 0 * 0 t is o 0 t0t0 so0*0 *1 0

< -:. .<.. . . . . . . . . 4 rl-4< :4. . . . . . . . . . . . * . . . . . . ..O-. . . . ..4o~* -c ccOg O4 :4 0, C 04 9c CCFC

44 4H'H H4 H H 'H 4H H 4 '4'24H; :14 'Y4HOH.H1 H HX t3 -4 '14alH4 H H4 4 H44 H3 Q3 Hl '2Hr4 H C%3 H-4H-H4 H HCO 3 %1Hn H H H4H4- H H Hl

m -4 rN m 3:1 'Q N Nn mm1: maN LM NmN70 3 7:3N - n A NA NAaNl IQ nNN Nm N= AmNN N Nn O :Amm-. Nm N N I n30-_ m7 1 ! 7 Q 1 n = m

LINGUISilC ILEXICGN

PAGE 371

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 371

LCOMPARISON OF WORD Cf(IGIN AND VERB SHAPE

BE

3t

BE

b E

13E

J L

B3h

itt

BE

B k

3BE

BE

B E

BE

BE

3 E

B E

B E

B h

H3iE

B E

B E

b E

BE

13E

A F

AB:

AE:

AL:3

At::

Ab:C

At :2,-

At8:C

A E:C

A t:C

A E:C

AE :C

ALE :C

AL3 :C

AE-:C

A 1: C

A, :C

AD:C

AL :C

A 1: V

AL : V

AL: VD

A e : vD

A LAB

AE A B

ABC

AEC

ABC

ABC

ABC

A dC

AeC

ABC

ABC

ABC
E 4 4~

r. 4 4 bid- U F4 H

Z4 C4 04H

m 4 44 E400 4 eq= =%.4

U)

>4 > 4 P4 wHu w

u .:04Z4 u 0 C4 s *HP-4 O 0Hm mHm 0:21

04

nt

U>.

0 -

C)E-

H0 H 0i4Q ,

0 uHH X -

o4 LZ~ U -44 H

ONE4 4 - 4 0 OAH4

H r4 HUH 0 > m lP H :zco z A 0OH

N3r4 Q4 - 0 0404Q

0 N ) 0 c a: mn m 4C7 E4 4N-4w 4 r zz H

O- 4 1-40 0 0 4 WHH M4 0 WN A =P 4 0Z

H) E-4 X t-)4 HE4H1 24 W 4E4 D n XE- n U- U Q >

04

L-4 0 00 >4 3

"H .rl w :n m 4 Hofi l>4( t

> 000 00>

of of 'J UUU U99UU

L) L) U0000fl)0u0u0u uaU 00u00

>0 ::p > 44>. 4444:3b .:3 :3> > m3n co3 = :3m:3wm cum:m:3:3c:m3m33

O!C 4 14go !C dN OC N C N MON CCN N :WN> * : > :W Z P :IP ;0 :I. > =1 ;:$ N n.N>WN N

0 0r4 14 A0Q 04 0 40co 0 4 A0 a 0 40-4 A 40-4 0 34 0 0 j0-0 0pr0l 1:4 0

LINGUISTIC LEXICCN

PAGE 373

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 373

CCMPARISON CF WORD CRIGIN AND ABLAUT

AR

A R

A R

A R

A R

A f

A R

A R

.AR

A R

A R

A H

A R

A R

A i

A R

A R

AR

A l

A R

A R

A 1

AR

A d

A R

A H

A R

AR9

A R

AR

ARi

ARH

A R

A R

A R

A R

A R

ARi

A R

A.R

A R

A R

A f

AR

A H

A I

A R

AR

AR-

A R

A R

A R

A R

ARF

AU0

AU

AU

A u

AU

AU

I A
LINGUIS'11C LEXICON

PAGE 374

LINGUIStIC LEXICON PAGE 3724

CCMkPARISON OF WCbD COIGIN AND ABLAUT

AR

ARH

AR

Ah

AR

A R

A R

A li

A R

A i

ARH

A R

ARa

A R

A R

ARd

A LR

A R

A i

A i

ARi

AR

A HA

A.R

A R

A hA

A R

A f

A R

A R

A R

A A

A 11

At IA

AJR

A R

A t

ARH

A R

A f(

AR8

A li

ARH

A R

A R

ARf

A R

A R

AR

ARH

A R

AJR

NO

NOG

N C

NC0

N C

NO0

N C

NC

NO0
LINGUI.S.11C LEXICON

PAGE 375

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 375

C IPARISON OF viCED ORIGIN AND A13LAUT

A i

ANi

A L

A d

AR

A R

A R

A R

A R

A R

A.R

A R

AR

A l

A R

A i

A i

a l

A R

ANR

AJR

ARH

A 1

ARd

A R

ANi

ARd

Aih

AR1

AR-

A R

A R

A R

ARI

A R

A R

ANd

A R

A R

A R

AR

AR

A R

A R

A R

A R

ARt

A R

A R

A R

A R

ARl

A R

00

oo

c0

c0

c0

00

c0
LINGUISTIC LEXICCN

PAGP, 376

CC8FARISCN OF WORD ORIGIN AND ABLAUT

A R

A R

A R

ARB

AR

A R

A R

A R

A R

A R

A R

A -

ARH

A R

AR

A H

AR9

ARa

A d

A R

AR

AR

A R

AR

A R

A R

AR

AR

AR

AR

A R

AR]

A E

A -

A R

A R

A R

A R

A R

A R

A R

A R

AR

A R

A R

ARl

ARH

AR

ARH

A R

ARh

A R

A R

AJR

C u

co

co

cO0

00

co0

00

00

co0
LINGUISTIC LEXICON

PAGE 377

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 377

CCMEARISON Ck' WCBI) %AGIN AND ABLAUT

aBE

BE

BE

BE

BE

BEF

BE

B E

BEF

JbE

B E

B k

BE

B E

B E

BE

BE

B E

BE

BEh

B3E

BE

BEk

B E

13 E

BEL

B3E

13E

t3E

B E

.8E

aBh

B E

B E

BE

B E

13E

BEh

B E

B3E

B E

BE

B E

BEh

B E

Al

A-U

A U

A u

Au

1U

A U

P u

P u

A u

p u

A U

A u

A u

A U

A u
LINGU1511C LEXICOb

PAGE -3;78

CLMARICNOF WCEL CRiIGIN AND A8LAUT

3BE

B E

B3E

13E

B-E

BHE

8HE

8BE

13E

13E

a E

8HE

BE

BL

S E

BE

3 E

BE

13 E

B E

H h

b c

b. G

NO

NC

NO

N C

NO

No

N C

N C

N 0

NO

NC

NOU

NC

NO

NO0

NO

NO0

NC

NO0

No

NO

NO0

NO0

N C

N C

NC0

N C

NOa

NOG

NO

NO

No

N.C

NOu

NC

NO

NC

NO

N 6

NC0
LINGUISIIC LEXICCN

PAGE 379

LINGUISTIC LEXICON PAGE 379

CCMEAi(ISON Ok WCEL CRiIGIN AND ABLAUT

BE

d E

3BE

B E

8 E

8 E

B E

13 E

bHE

B E

B E

B E

BEh

BEL

B E

d h

B E

B E

3 E

BEh

13 h

c0

G0

co0

00

cO0

co

00

00

co

co

00

cO0

00

cO0

co

00

cO0

co

00

co

cO0

G0

c0

00

00

co

cc

c0

CO

cC,

N -CJ.

N : H. HRD

N8D

QR. $L

Q:N

Q: R. F

Q:S.

RWL

RZ. m
x W

H (n

*C14 UC40

k4 H A E-4H Q En 0 Q E-4

*u 4 044 Al Q4 A

z Q E-4 OH u >4 1-4O OQU E4

z m E-4 taw E-4 1 H .4 Z P'AE- E-40 H4=H

.A4 cH Q (4 04 >4 2 H = PQ 4 0 O44W02

04 CA 04 u pqOc4 N3 al 2z (9 Ad c 1.4 04 - * '9.4 3RH m'

41 = 0 W.FA4=Q 33 H C0 EnA04 W4Ow 00ub 4 34:

H-4 0H;h4 t tb0 .4 '0 H ''I N3 u

04 04 QH (nu w 01:M H ZM A O MW MH H W>4 W M'M M 0CY M E-4 WH 4 ( 0QH'MHA

m 4>4040C)4 z24044A0 En :x4 '=ZHO 4 V) E4 :b44 H-4 :z04 lz H w n 4 c4 0

-4 >49

0*4o .4 040 0 604* '

4A o o 4 0 f " 00ca34 -4 n

04 l0.. .4 > l - 'dtoO H#2t-t4ss X 4L0a vmw

0 1'A-4 0>42:m 'soA 'AD H'A'A 'A4 H A9CY H ' ' s' o .to 4 4 H H'H 'A r31:'A=4n'::00H'M Ho'A5'A 'AH'A3'A-4A4H='Ao4 'A 0241M

LM LA

>4 :t4 ' '''4 '4

H~~r N 1-4 ^4' N ' ' ' '

of> o oW W 0p>

C: C4 .0.o t44tto0o000ofof o4

0 u u u00u0u00000 u.u. u uu u uu U uu u uu u

444444444Ac 4 0 C cm 9 C C4 4 4C44 4444 4 C 44'c004 4 4 4 4'44 44 4 40 a44 A44N

Q4

19

4Q -4 :P4 4 .

P04 0.4 2 '4

P'A wc A13H4G

04 >0 Is H ::o 0C;H 1-4 2 " E

t4 0 -4 c 44 0 Q4 H W 64

u W4 :4P14 CQ040 E- 0 E- >14 >4

0 C 124 1. 94 09H "-U)Ja042:1,"Ie 0 0 -

2 0 H 0 0> 4bd 044.0 .0 2v'A4 E4'

o4 C4 C - 4 P4 'A 2Q4 4N PQ4 P E-4-W OH Q H >4 4 E-4 w 44H

'A A 4 44 0mU) H 4 ( H Lq 0 4 U '4 UC W44AU94 W4'A n1*:V)A ' 4 A2 4 :H

3E 4 4 ' - a 0"r4 0 0414 H=H 4 ". '0=A a = ""0 0"U =M oX 0M

Qo H4 4 4 "4 -42- W J4UQ04044 V #4 t4 4 V 4 V H 4 1-40 V) 4 4

**AM 9 Q U 1- 4 4

is>- 4 4 C E4W n n 304 a o Q24 n : 9 .A-4=QM44 - 0

0 a2 M4 Z 00.':;4 -n Q so to >4 2r4 to >44 QO toH 4 t 0 0 a3Ho0 .4 w"c 4 z' A YH A' A % w2 'A HO H m AmH=2 'A 'A

so g ~ ooo * 0 o vof o C s o o st 0Co 0C o f o 0 0 o of to to * o o t ts oo *0of 0Coto o ot og

(Mb La P 4L - 4m ) qN114b aN N w i 46 zwm - J - nt r wm; .4L4c - nc

Q En 0Pic H

r2jN04 0090 0 t> w )>4 204 C

NHH H04uNo., 0 0H 0 4HE4N40

>4 4 E4 4Q 0 0 N NE-4= x4 H

Nd4 00N ONPC n 4 pq 2N H N

N3 -4M 0 Nq 0 HlNNE-4 = 4>H 0 4 =0H 4 C 0

Z M$c H .4m z -- l 4O z w U A 4 N cn 43H N u0ZN WHH

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PAGE 395

Index

ABLAUT, xxviii-xxx

Comparison of ablaut and

verb shape, 352-358

Comparison of word origin

and ablaut, 373-379

Activity, Physical (Human)

272-277

Addressing people, 253-254

Administration, 266

AFFIXES

Noun, xlii-xliii

Verb, xxv-xxviii

Afro-Asiatic, ix

AGRICULTURE, 243-245

Agricultural implements,

293

Agriculture, Related

terms, 244

Ailments, 277-278

Allophones, vowel, xxi-

xxiii

Alphabet, Berber, xv

ANIMAL

Commands, 254

Husbandry, 247

Physiology 248

Speech, 254

ANIMALS, 246-248

Domestic, 246

Domicile, 248

Equipment for, 293

Non-Domestic, 247

Appliances, 291-293

Arabic Dictionaries, xxiv

Articulation, Emphatic, xx

Astronomy, 294

Ayt Seghrouchen, xiii-xiv

Baking (Bread), 258

BERBER

Alphabet, xv

Grammar, Notes on,

xvi-lvii

Inscriptions, xiv-xv

Language, ix-xv

Literature, xiv

Bread, 258

Buildings, 268

Business, Places of, 256

Buying, 256

Candies, 259

Cardinal Numbers, 287

Characteristics, Physical

(Human) 278-279

Cities, 264-265

CLASSES, 267

Ruling class, 266

Climate, 294

Cloth, 249

CLOTHING, 249

Clothing oneself, 249-250

Coins, 257

Colors, 251

Commercial Exchange, 256-257

Communication, Verbal,

252-255
PAGE 396

Entertainment, 290

EQUIPMENT

Fishing, 292

For animals, 293

Hunting, 292

Exchange (Commercial), 256-257

Expressions, Conversational,

253-259

Family, 285

Feasts, 261

Finance, Related terms, 256

Fire, 269

Fishing equipment, 292

Flatness, xx

Flora, Miscellaneous, 244-245

FOOD, 258-260

Food Preparation--Utensils,

291

Preparing, 258-259

Serving, 258-259

Foods, Prepared, 259

Fortis Consonants, xxii

Fowl, 246

Fractions, 288

Friendship, 286

Fruits, 243

Furniture, 269

Games, 290

Geography, 264-265

Geology, 264-265

GOVERNMENT, 266-267

Functions, 267

Relations, 267

Grains, 243

Grammar, Berber, xvi-lvii

Hardware, 291-292

Hearth, 269

HOUSE AND HOME, 268-270

Housekeeping, 268

HUMAN

Biology, 271-280

Characteristics, Physical,

278-279

Defects, Physical, 277-278

Development, 279-280

Mentality, 281-284

Physical Activity, 272-277

Hunting equipment, 292

Husbandry, Animal, 247

Inscriptions, Berber,

Insects, 248

Instruments, Musical,

xiv-xv

290

Jewelry, 250

Kabyli, xiii

Kinship, 285

Labialization, xxi

LANGUAGE

Berber, ix-xv

Nursery, 252

Languages, 252

Legal Terms, 266

Liquids, 260

Literature, Berber, xiv

PAGE 397

NOUNS, Cont'd

With No Feminine, 324

With No Plurals, 325

NUMBERS

Cardinal, 287

Ordinal, 287-288

Numerals, xlviii; 287-288

Nursery Language, 253

Nuts, 259

Occupations, 289

Ordinal Numbers, 287-288

Ornamentation, 250

Paradigms, Verb, xxx-xxxix

Particles, 327-331

Pharyngealized Consonants, xx

Phonology, xvi-xxiv

Physical Activity, Human,

272-277

PHYSIOLOGY

Animal, 248

Human, 271-280

Places of Business 256

Precious Stones, 264-265

Precipitation, 294

PRODUCTS

Dairy, 258

Meat, 258

Pronominal Systems, xlix-li

Races, 267

Recreation, 290

Religion, 262-263

Rifian, xiii

Rooms, 268

Ruling Class, 266

Sanitation, 277

Seasons, 294

Secretions, 272

Selling, 256

Sentence Types, li-lvii

Sewing, 270

Shawia, xiii

Shilha, x

Shwa, xxiii

Sicknesses, 277-278

Singing, 290

Social Organization, 266-267

SPEECH

Animal, 254

Language, 252

SPEECH, Cont'd

Peculiarities and Defects,

254-255

Speaking, Related terms, 252

Verbal Communication, 252-255

Spice, 259

STEMS

Noun, xxxix-xlii

Verb, xxiv-xxv

Stress, xxiv

Stones, 264-265

Syllable, Structure of, xxiii

Systems, Pronominal, xlix-li

Taboos, Religious, 263

Tamazight, x

Tamashek, xiii

Tashelhit, x

Tense Consonants, xxii

PAGE 398

VERB, Cont'd

Stems, Derived, xxv

Stems, Discussion, xxiv

Summary, 338-351

Verbal Communication, 252-255

VERBS

Of Arabic Origin, 334-337

Of Berber Origin, 331-333

Vocalic Transition, xiii

Vowel Allophones, xxi-xxiii

Water Sources, 265

Weapons, 292

Weather, 294-295

Weaving, 270

Week, Days of, 294

Weights and Measures, 296

Wood, 244

WORD ORIGIN

Comparison of Word Origin

and Ablaut, 373-379

Comparison of Word Origin

and Verb Shape, 366-372

Nouns of Arabic Origin,

310-320

Nouns of Berber Origin,

299-309

Nouns of Western Origin,

321

Verbs of Arabic Origin,

334-337

Verbs of Berber Origin,

331-333

Writing Utensils, 292

Zenatiya, xiii



r3%K~ ~~K7

Publicatio ns of the

74ze& WAn

1. A COURSE IN MOROCCAN ARABIC

By ERNEST T. ABDEL-MASSIH

2. A COURSE IN SPOKEN TAMAZIGHT: BERBER DIALECTS OF THE

MIDDLE ATLAS

By ERNEST T. ABDEL-MASSIH

3. A REFERENCE GRAMMAR OF TAMAZIGHT

By ERNEST T. ABDEL-MASSIH

4. A COMPUTERIZED LEXICON OF TAMAZIGHT (BERBER DIALECT OF

AYT SEGHROUCHEN)

By ERNEST T. ABDEL-MASSIH

5. PRELIMINARY INDEX OF SHAH-NAMEH ILLUSTRATIONS

Compiled by JILL NORGREN and EDWARD DAVIS, with

an introduction by OLEG GRABAR.

6. AFGHANISTAN: SOME NEW APPROACHES

Edited by GEORGE GRASSMUCK and LUDWIG W. ADAMEC

with FRANCES IRWIN.

7. REFORMED ADMINISTRATION IN LEBANON

By GEORGE GRASSMUCK and KAMAL SALIBI