Electrical Building Services 7771AG-V3

CAD & Detail Drafting
Granville TAFE
7771AG
Electrical
Building Services
C-DD012
Edition 3
7771AG Electrical Building Services
Student Workbook
First Published February 2002 by
Engineering Drafting
Granville TAFE
William Street Granville NSW 2164
This work is copyright. Any inquiries about the use of this material
Should be directed to the publisher.
TAFE
New South Wales Technical and Further Education Commission
2002
1st Edition January 2002

2nd Edition July 2007
3rd Edition January 2008
National Library of Australia Publication Number:
31/01/08 Page 2
Engineering Drafting – Granville TAFE
Student Workbook
Conditions of Use:
Module Resource Manuals

National Metals and Engineering Courses
This Student’s Manual has been developed by the Teaching Staff of the CAD & Detail
Drafting Staff at Granville College of TAFE for use in the National Metals and
Engineering Courses. It is supplied to you with the following conditions:
it may not be re-sold.

it may be freely used and reproduced by TAFE authorities for their internal use.
The NSW TAFE Commission holds copyright on behalf of the Crown.
The course of study outlined in this manual may not be delivered on a fee-for-service
or income-generation basis without first contacting the Senior Head Teacher of CAD &
Detail Drafting at Granville College of TAFE.
If you do not agree to these conditions of ownership and use, then please return this copy
of the manual immediately.
For any queries about these conditions or if you wish to discuss and aspect further, please
contact the Senior Head Teacher of CAD & Detail Drafting at Granville College of TAFE.
Phone: 02-9682-0304
Fax: 02-9682-0229
Any breach of these conditions will be acted upon

to prevent loss of rights to
NSW TAFE and CAD & Detail Drafting at Granville TAFE.
31/01/08 Page 3
Student Workbook
CONTENTS
Conditions of Use:............................................................................................................................................ 3
CONTENTS ..................................................................................................................................................... 4
FEEDBACK:.................................................................................................................................................... 6
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................................ 6
SUGGESTED LESSON PROGRAM ............................................................................................................ 7
O.H.& S. ISSUES: ........................................................................................................................................... 8

Step 1 - The Chair For Computer Operation............................................................................................. 8
Step 2 - Adjusting The Chair: .................................................................................................................... 8
Step 3 - Sitting At the Desk: ....................................................................................................................... 9
Step 4 - Positioning The Monitor: ............................................................................................................. 9
Step 5 - Organising Your Work-Space:...................................................................................................... 9
Step 6 - Keyboard Basics:.......................................................................................................................... 9
Step 7 - Mouse Basics:............................................................................................................................. 10
Step 8 - Eye Basics: ................................................................................................................................. 11
Step 9 – Exercises:................................................................................................................................... 12
Step 10 – Micro-Breaks: .......................................................................................................................... 13
TERMINOLOGY .......................................................................................................................................... 14
LESSON 1 - Lighting Diagrams & Symbols ............................................................................................... 15

Learning Outcomes:..................................................................................................................................... 15
General Information:.................................................................................................................................... 15
Australian Standards:................................................................................................................................... 15
Symbols: ...................................................................................................................................................... 15
Symbol Sizes: .............................................................................................................................................. 16
Line Construction & Pen Thicknesses:........................................................................................................ 17
Lighting Diagrams: ...................................................................................................................................... 17
Minimum Lighting Requirements: .............................................................................................................. 18
Types of Controls: ....................................................................................................................................... 19
Examples of Lights & Switches:.................................................................................................................. 19
Skill Practice Exercise: 7771AG-SP-01................................................................................................... 20
LESSON 2 - Power Diagrams & Symbols ................................................................................................... 21
Symbols: ...................................................................................................................................................... 21
Symbol Sizes: .............................................................................................................................................. 22
Power Outlets in Domestic Installations:..................................................................................................... 23
Types of Controls: ....................................................................................................................................... 24
Examples of Fittings: ................................................................................................................................... 24
Skill Practice Exercise: 7771AG-SP-01 (extension)................................................................................ 25
Lesson 3 - Telecommunication Symbols ...................................................................................................... 26
Outline: ........................................................................................................................................................ 26
Symbols: ...................................................................................................................................................... 26
Symbol Sizes: .............................................................................................................................................. 27
Examples of Telecommunication Fittings: .................................................................................................. 27
Skill Practice Exercise: 7771AG-SP-01 (extension)................................................................................ 29
LESSON 4 – Electrical Schedules ................................................................................................................ 30
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Electrical Schedules:.................................................................................................................................... 30
Properties of Electrical Schedules: .............................................................................................................. 30
LESSON 5 ...................................................................................................................................................... 35
Assessment Test 1: ...................................................................................................................................... 35
Exercise ....................................................................................................................................................... 35
LESSON 6 - Riser Diagrams......................................................................................................................... 36
Riser Diagrams: ........................................................................................................................................... 36
Incoming Mains: ...................................................................................................................................... 36
Sub-mains System: ................................................................................................................................... 36
Electrical Installation:............................................................................................................................. 36
Pen Thicknesses & Line Construction:........................................................................................................ 37
Typical Abbreviations: ................................................................................................................................ 37
Skill Practice Exercise 7771AG-SP-06................................................................................................... 38
LESSON 7 - Switchboard Layouts............................................................................................................... 40
Meter Boxes & Distribution Boards: ........................................................................................................... 40
Types of Switchboards: ............................................................................................................................... 40
Domestic Types:....................................................................................................................................... 40
Typical Dimensions of Switchboard Equipment: ........................................................................................ 43
Commercial and Industrial Types: .......................................................................................................... 44
LESSON 8 - Busway Systems ....................................................................................................................... 47
Overview: .................................................................................................................................................... 47
Pen Thicknesses & Line Construction:........................................................................................................ 48
Skill Practice Exercise 7771AG-SP-09:.................................................................................................. 49
Skill Practice Exercise 7771AG-SP-10:.................................................................................................. 49
LESSON 9 ...................................................................................................................................................... 50
Assessment Test 2: ...................................................................................................................................... 50
Exercise ....................................................................................................................................................... 50
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FEEDBACK:
Your feedback is essential for improving the quality of these manuals.

Please advise the appropriate industry specialist of any changes, additions, deletions or
anything else you believe would improve the quality of this Student Workbook. Don’t
assume that someone else will do it. Your comments can be made by photocopying the
relevant pages and including your comments or suggestions.
Forward your comments to:
CAD & Detail Drafting

Granville TAFE
William Street
Granville NSW 2142
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This Student Workbook was produced by Warren Blackadder, CAD & Detail Drafting
Granville TAFE, with the assistance from Mr. Brian Quinn of K.R. Sheather Northern
Electrical Engineers and Contractors and Derek Page of Granville TAFE.
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SUGGESTED LESSON PROGRAM
The following program has been developed for 9 x 4-hour sessions.
Lesson Topics Skill Practice Exercises

1 Lighting Diagrams & Symbols 7771AG-SP-01
2 Power Diagrams & Symbols 7771AG-SP-01 continued
3 Telecommunication Symbols 7771AG-SP-01 continued
4 Schedules 7771AG-SP-02
7771AG-SP-03
7771AG-SP-04
5 Assessment Test 1
6 Riser Diagrams 7771AG-SP-05
7771AG-SP-06
7 Switchboard Layouts 7771AG-SP-07
7771AG-SP-08
8 Busway Systems 7771AG-SP-09
9 Assessment Test 2
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O.H.& S. ISSUES:
Occupational Health and Safety is an important workplace issue; each year thousands of
workers suffer injuries that can be eliminated by adhering to basic good working practices
and postures. The main injuries that can occur while working at a computer are repetitive
strain injuries sustained maintaining the same position for hours on end without taking
breaks or stretching. Other injuries occur through not sitting correctly on chairs and
eyestrain.
The main rule is “TAKE SHORT BREAKS and STRETCH OFTEN”.

Step 1 - The Chair For Computer Operation
It is essential to have a suitable chair when operating a computer and it should possess the
features depicted in the diagram below.
Adjustable Backrest Angle
Height Adjustable
Back Rest
Tilting Seat Pan
Height Adjustable
Seat Pan
5-Star Base With

Wheels for Carpet Areas or
Step 2 - Adjusting The Chair: Castors for Hard Surfaces
Adjust the height of the chair so that the front of

the seat pan is positioned just below the knee.
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Adjust the backrest up and down so that it fits into

the small of the back. Lean against the backrest
until your back is at least 90° to your legs,
although a slightly more open posture is better, up
to 10° more (100°). Tilting the seat-pan a fraction
downward helps give the body a slightly more
open posture and relieves pressure on the lower
back.
THE BACKREST SUPPORTS THE BACK AND IS NOT A LOUNGE.

Step 3 - Sitting At the Desk:
Approach the desk and place the keyboard directly in front of
you, allowing sufficient space between the keyboard and the
edge of the desk to rest the pad of the thumb lightly on the desk
when not typing. Always keep the wrists straight and never
rest the wrists on the on the desk. If the wrists are parallel to
the floor, or slightly more open, up to a 100° angle at the elbow
joint, then move on to Step 4. If not, then proceed to 3b.
Note:
Taller people may find that the drop keyboard mechanism interferes with the top of
their legs. If this is the case, arrange to have the mechanism removed and the keyboard
fixed, but make sure that the mechanism remains readily accessible because the next
person to use the desk after you may need to have it refitted.
Step 4 - Positioning The Monitor:

Position the monitor directly in front of you at a
comfortable distance in between 350-750mm.
The top of the monitor screen should be no higher
than eye level but positioning the monitor slightly
lower is acceptable. Tilt the monitor screen back
between 10-15°, to suit your comfort level. See
also Step 8 Eye Basics
Step 5 - Organising Your Work-Space:
Organise your work-space so that the most commonly used items are closest to you and the
less used items are further away, because the further you reach out, the more strain you
place on your body. Wherever possible avoid twisting of the head and torso.
Step 6 - Keyboard Basics:
The general rule of thumb is to keep the hand and wrist straight when operating the
keyboard. For short pauses (1-3 seconds), when typing, it is OK to allow the pad of the
thumb to lightly rest on the desk, this gives the muscles of the hands, arms and shoulders a
few moments to recover. For rest periods longer than a few seconds, say reading a
paragraph, take your hands away from the desk surface and rest them on your lap or do a
couple of exercises.
When using the keyboard, the top of the hand should be an extension of the top of
the forearm with the fingers slightly curved. The wrist should never be placed on
the desk surface while operating the keyboard due to the angle of the wrist and
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pressure placed on the wrist joint.
The wrists should be straight, with the middle finger in-line with the forearm.
Don't peck at the keyboard. Using excessive force when keying is not only
unnecessary, but it also places strain on the soft tissues of the fingers.
Step 7 - Mouse Basics:
Avoiding the mouse trap:
The use of the Computer mouse is ever increasing and unfortunately for computer
operators is not without its hazards. Current ergonomic advice is that the majority of
injuries to computer users are derived from mouse use. Injuries to the fingers, wrist, arm,
elbow, shoulder and neck are common, however they are preventable. By following the
following tips, you are taking a big step to safer computing by reducing the risk of
repetitive strain injury.
Is your mouse working properly?

Take a good look and inspect the mouse to check that it functions correctly and that the
tract ball is not full of grit and is in good working order. If you have to lift your mouse off
the mouse pad to get the pointer to go where you want it to, then it doesn't work properly,
the tract ball may need a clean, or it may even be worn out. Also you need to check your
mouse pad; if you find that you are chasing your mouse around the desk because your
mouse pad won't grip the desk surface it either needs to be cleaned or replaced. Clean the
ball and races by unscrewing the base from the mouse, removing the ball and cleaning the
race and ball with metholated spirits.
Position your mouse correctly:

Your mouse should be as close to you as possible. If you have to extend your arm at the
elbow any more than you need to operate your keyboard, then it is too far away, and no,
leaning forward doesn't count. Ideally your mouse should be positioned alongside and at
the same height as the keyboard. A good rule of thumb is if the mouse pad touches the
side of the keyboard, it's OK. Hold the mouse in the cup of the hand with the middle
finger on the right button and the index finger on the left button when operating the mouse
in the right hand.
Place your hand on your mouse only when you are using it:
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Place your hand on your mouse only to use it, and when your not using it, take it off and
place your hand on your lap or down by your side or even better still, once in a while do
some exercises. Also, don't choke the mouse; only apply the pressure necessary to
manipulate it.
Alternate between left and right hands when using the mouse:
Teach yourself to use the mouse with your opposite hand. It may seem very difficult at
first, however with patience and a good practice regime, you can do it. A good way is to
start is with 5 minutes after morning tea and 5 minutes after lunch. Gradually as you get
better increase the time frame until you find that you use the mouse an equal amount of
time with either hand.
Use Different Moving Parts:

You don't always have to move your mouse from the upper arm. You can also use or your
wrist and fingers to move your mouse around the mouse pad, although not as much. Try
the 90/10 rule. That is use or upper arm 90% of the time and your wrist and fingers 10%
of the time. This gives your shoulder and neck a rest-break.
Listen to your body:

If your shoulder, arm, elbow, wrist or fingers are sore from using the computer, your body
is trying to tell you it needs a rest break. If you follow the recommendations later in this
document regarding exercising and rest breaks it shouldn't get to this stage. However, if
you choose not to exercise, take breaks or ignore pain because you think that you are too
busy, or it'll ruin your train of thought, then you are asking for trouble, because it is under
these circumstances that injury is most likely to occur.
Step 8 - Eye Basics:
The eye problems experienced by computer operators are sharp and dull pains, dry or
watering eyes, burning sensations, tightness, tiredness, headaches, and other forms of
discomfort, which can all be called "eyestrain". There is very little evidence to support
that using the computer can cause eye damage, it is more likely that using the computer
makes the operator realise that they need glasses. The eyestrain that most people suffer
from can be as a result of a number of factors, and in the vast majority of cases, it is only a
temporary situation. The discomfort will subside once the cause of the eyestrain
corrected. Causes of eyestrain are:
Direct Glare:
Caused by overhead lights and lamps shining directly into your eyes. Direct glare can also
be a problem when a computer is positioned directly in front of a window. To find out
whether direct glare is a problem, temporarily shield the light source and you will
immediately notice the difference.
Indirect or Reflected Glare:

Caused by light deflecting off surfaces and into your eyes. Objects and walls in glossy
dark colours or shiny metal surfaces even as small as your watch face can cause this.
Indirect glare is unlikely do you any permanent harm, but can certainly be very annoying.
Light reflected off the computer monitor is also unlikely to cause eyestrain, however it
may make you assume an inappropriate posture in order to see the screen. The same
method of determining if indirect glare is a problem applies as mentioned above.
Bifocal Glasses:
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If you wear bifocal glasses, you may find that you are tilting your head backward in order
to see the screen. This places strain on the neck and shoulders and should be avoided.
Bifocals are designed for reading, not computer work and you should see your optometrist
about options available to you. In the short term you can place the monitor directly onto
the table surface so you are looking down without pushing your head backward to see the
screen, but you should see your optometrist soon.
Step 9 – Exercises:
Exercising is one of the most effective ways of reducing muscle fatigue and the possibility
of injury occurrence when using the computer. Warm-up exercises prepare your body for
your next period of work, and Micro-breaks keep the body loose while using the computer.
However there are rules to exercising which are:
• Never stretch to the point where you feel pain.
• If you have a medical condition or are under going any type of medical
treatment, you must consult your medical practitioner before doing any of
these exercises.
• Always apply a slow and gentle stretching action.
Exercise 1:
Bend your wrist and fingers with your other hand,
bending your elbow slightly at the same time, until you
feel the stretch over the back of your forearm. Hold the
position for 30 seconds.
Exercise 2:
Stretch your arm out in front of you with your elbow straight, palm facing away from you
(fingers pointing up or down). With your other hand pull your fingers backward until your
feel the stretch over the front of your forearm. Hold the position for 30 seconds.
Exercise 3:
Tuck your chin down onto your chest and gently turn your head from side to side, keeping
your chin on your chest. Do this ten times.
Exercise 4:
Turn your head slowly from side to side ten times.
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Step 10 – Micro-Breaks:
Micro-breaks are rest pauses and exercises that can be done while you are at your
computer workstation. These can be done to prevent your body from becoming fatigued
during your working day. A good way to apply these Micro-break exercises is to follow
the "30/30/30" rule, which is: Every 30 minutes, take a 30-second break, and look at an
object 30 metres away and while doing this, do one or more of the following exercises
Exercise 1 – Tall Stretch:

Interlock fingers, palms up. Stretch arms
above the head until they are straight. Do
not arch the back.
Exercise 2 – Shoulder Roll:

Highly Recommended.
Roll the shoulders - raise them, pull them

back, then drop them and relax. Repeat in
the opposite direction.
Exercise 3 – Side Stretch:

Drop left shoulder, reaching left hand
towards the floor. Return to starting
position. Repeat on right side.
Exercise 4 – Back Curl:

Grasp shin, lift leg off the floor, bend
forward curling the back, with nose
towards the knee. Note: This exercise
should not be used in pre-post-natal
conditions.
The following Internet sites are recommended for further information:

Work Cover New South Wales
http://www.workcover.nsw.gov.au/
National Health and Safety Commission
http://www.nohsc.gov.au/
National Safety Council of Australia
http://www.safetynews.com/default.asp
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TERMINOLOGY
Active, Neutral, The three most common circuit wires. The active brings the current
Ground flow in, the neutral returns it to the source, and the ground is a safety
route for returning current. The ground and neutral are joined only at
the main service panel.
Alternating A current which periodically changes its direction.
Current (AC)
Ampere A unit that measures the strength/rate of flow of electrical current.
Buss Bar Separate, metallic strips that extend through the service panel.
Breakers slide onto the "hot" busses and neutral and ground wires
screw down in their respective busses.
Circuit Breaker The most common type of "over current protection." A breaker trips
when a circuit becomes overloaded or shorts out.
Fuse Removable devices that link a circuit at the fuse box. Fuse connections
blow apart and break the circuit if an overload or short occurs.
Hertz Frequency of cycles.
Luminaire
Ohm A unit that measures the resistance a conductor has to electricity.
Service Panel The main circuit breaker panel (or fuse box) where all the circuits tie
into the incoming electrical supply line.
Short Circuit When current flows "short" of reaching a device. Caused by a hot
conductor accidentally contacting a neutral or ground. A short circuit
is an immediate fault to ground and should always cause the breaker to
trip or the fuse to blow.
Switch A device used to open, close or redirect current in an electrical circuit.
Switchboard A large single panel, frame, or assembly of panels having switches,
over current, and other protective devices, buses, and usually
instruments mounted on the face or back or both. Switchboards are
generally accessible from the rear and from the front and are not
intended for installation in cabinets.
Transformer An electric device, without moving parts which increases or decreases
voltage, i.e. 240V to 12V, eg. electromagnetic induction
Volt A unit that measures the amount of electrical pressure.
Watt A unit that measures the amount of electrical power.
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LESSON 1 - Lighting Diagrams & Symbols
Learning Outcomes:
On completion of the session, the participants will be able to:
• State the Australian Standards used in the preparation of electrical drawings for
Building Services.
• Identify standard electrical lighting symbols used in the preparation of
Electrical Building Service drawings.
• State the various line construction types and pen thicknesses that are used in
producing Lighting Layout Diagrams.
• List the types of special controls governing lighting systems.
• Produce electrical lighting drawings of less complex nature for residential
buildings in accordance with the current Australian Standards.
General Information:
Licensed electricians perform the wiring of buildings while building codes controls the
method of wiring. The electrical power and light drawings are prepared from architectural
Floor Plans by the designer or draughtsperson however, specalised electrical contractors
can be engaged for the design, and include all data on the position, type of fixture and
controls. The circuits can be drawn on the actual Floor Plan for smaller jobs, however, on
larger jobs, plans for each floor and drawings showing the position of riser mains,
distribution boards and schedules are also prepared. All electricity supplied for domestic
power and light in Australia is 240 Volts at 50 Hertz for Single Phase installations and 410
Volts at 50 Hertz for 3-Phase installations.
Australian Standards:
AS1100 Drawing Practice
AS1102 Graphical Symbols for Electrotechnology
AS3000 Wiring Rules
AS3008.1
Symbols:
The symbols used in Australia to produce electrical lighting diagrams mostly conform to
those agreed to by the International Electrotechnical Commission. Symbols are drawn
using a 0.25 pen.
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Basic Symbol - Luminaires Luminaire - Built in Switch
Luminaire - Fixed to Wall Signal Lamp
Luminaire - 4x40 Watts Luminaire - Fluorescent Lamp

4 x 40W
Luminaire for two 40 Watt

Luminaire - Emergency Fluorescent Lamps
Luminaire for three 40 Watt

Lamp with Reflector Fluorescent Lamps
Alternative Symbol - number and 4 x 40W

Spotlight & Wattage of Fluorescent Lamps
Floodlight Discharge Lamp
Table 1 - Luminaire Symbols
Switches - one way single pole

two pole, three pole Light dimmer
Switch - Single pole pull Time switch
Two way switch Push button
Intermediate switch Luminous push button
Table 2 - Switch Symbols
Symbol Sizes:
The sizes of symbols are basically the same. Figure 1 - Basic Symbol Sizes give the sizes
for the main components, other components use the same or similar sizes with the same
proportions or slightly modified.
Ø3.5 4 1
3.5
Ø1.5
Luminaire GPO Switch
10 3 10
2
5
Board Telephone Luminaire - Fluorescent

Figure 1 - Basic Symbol Sizes
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Line Construction & Pen Thicknesses:
Straight lines are drawn to connect lights to their respective switch positions. The lines
are drawn with dashed line construction using a 0.25 pen with the dashes approximately
4mm to 6mm long.
The outline or position of all walls, windows, doors and openings representing the building
are drawn using 0.25 thick continuous lines. No hatching of walls is required.
Lighting Diagrams:
Lighting Diagrams show the position of all luminaires (lights) and control devices
(switches) marked in their required location using standard drawing symbols. All
diagrams are schematic; the position of the luminaires are indicated in their actual position
in the building while the lines connecting the luminaires to the switch/s are shown as
straight lines.
Luminaire
Cable
Switch
Figure 2 - Luminaire to Switch
The placing of several switches in one area is a common practice so care must be taken
when trying to position the switch with it’s associated cable. The switches are placed
side-by-side approx 1mm apart as shown in Figure 3 - Arrangement of Switches
Wall
Figure 3 - Arrangement of Switches
Luminaires can be switch on and off at one or more positions therefore, when indicating
the cable run between the lights and switches, all switches are connected before indicating
the cable run to the lights. Figure 4 shows four lights controlled by 2 switches. In
positions 1&3 the lights are turned OFF while in positions 2&4 the lights are turned ON.
It can be seen that in positions 1&3, the lines between the 2 switches are not joined
therefore the current is cut off from the light while in positions 2&4, the current can pass
through the switches because they are joined.
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Switch 1 Switch 1
Switch 2 Switch 2
Position 1 - Lights OFF Position 2 - Lights ON
Switch 1 Switch 1
Switch 2 Switch 2
Position 3 - Lights OFF Position 4 - Lights ON
Switch 1
Switch 2
Indication on Drawing
Figure 4
An example of a lighting diagram is shown below.
Figure 5 - Lighting Diagram
Each room should have adequate lighting with the main source of light being controlled by
a wall switch located on the latch side of the room’s entrance. Lights in stairways MUST
be controlled from both ends.
Minimum Lighting Requirements:

The purpose of providing lighting is to illuminate rooms and areas to give a safe and
relaxed surroundings. The minimum requirement for rooms is 1 luminaire per room up to
14 square meters and an additional luminaire for each additional 9 square meters. All
entrances to the dwelling are required to have external lights fitted close to the entrance
door. Lights in rooms with multiple entrances should be capable of being operated from
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each entrance. Stairways must have sufficient light provided so all areas of the stairway is
illuminated.
Types of Controls:
Special controls make lighting systems and appliances more efficient, these include:
Mercury switches:
Silent, shockproof and long lasting.
Dimmers:
Control the intensity of light.
Examples of Lights & Switches:
Wall Mounted Light Multiple Ceiling Luminaire Single Ceiling Luminaire
Fluorescent Light Flood Lights Sensor Switch
Single Switch Double Switch Dimmer Switch Waterproof Switch
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Skill Practice Exercise: 7771AG-SP-01
1. Using the template drawing EBS-EX01 provided on the network drive in the
Electrical Building Services folder in the CAD Detail Drafting domain, create a new
drawing called 7771AG-SP-01 in your work area on the network drive and produce a
lighting diagram for the house Create a new layer for the lighting.
2. Insert the symbols for the fixtures from the network drive in the Symbols and
Symdomestic subfolders of the Electrical Building Services folder using the
information given in Table 3.
3. Draw in the cable connecting fixtures to their appropriate switches.
4. Complete the drawing by adding a standard A3 drawing sheet.
5. All lights and fixtures are suppled by Beacon Lighting, Parramatta Road, Auburn.
Lighting Schedule
Location Type Make Qty Mounting Switching
Type Position
Entry 1 light pendant Acro II 2 Ceiling 2-way Front door &
SKU010494 Lounge
Lounge 12 light Kaos 1 Ceiling 2-way Lounge &
pendant SKU020002 Dining
Dining 12 light Caruso 2 Ceiling 2-way Lounge &
pendant SKU020138 Kitchen
Kitchen 1 light pendant Oslo 2 Ceiling Single Family Room
& SKU010246
Family
Bed 1 1 light pendant Ovoid 1 Ceiling Single Door
SKU020050
1 wall light Atlanta 2 Wall Single Wall
SKU300235
Bed 2, 3 1 light pendant Ovoid 1 Ceiling Single Door
&4 SKU020050
1 wall light Atlanta 1 Wall Single Wall
SKU300235
Hall 1 wall light Acro II 4 Wall 2-way Entry & Near
SKU300211 Bedrooms
Bath 1 light pendant Acro II 1 Ceiling Single Door
SKU080209
Ensuite 1 light pendant Acro II 1 Ceiling Single Door
SKU080209
WC 1 light pendant Acro II 1 Ceiling Single Door
SKU080209
Laundry 1 light pendant Acro II 1 Ceiling Single Door
SKU080209
Front 1 light pendant Urbane 230070 1 Wall Single Door, Move’t
Entry Sensor
Rear 1 light pendant Urbane 230070 1 Wall Single Door, Move’t
Entry Sensor
Rear 1 Floodlight Shovel 230544 2 Wall Single Door, Move’t
Wall Sensor
Table 3
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LESSON 2 - Power Diagrams & Symbols
Learning Outcomes:
• Identify standard electrical power symbols used in the preparation of Electrical
Building Service drawings.
• State the various line construction types and pen thicknesses that are used in
producing Power Layout Diagrams.
• List the types of special controls governing power outlets.
• Produce electrical power drawings of less complex nature for a residential
building in accordance with the current Australian Standards.
Symbols:
The symbols used in Australia to produce the power components in electrical diagrams
mostly conform to those agreed to by the International Electrotechnical Commission.
Symbols are drawn using a 0.25 pen.
General Purpose Outlet GPO Single phase socket
May be coded 15A = 15 amp switched & earthed
Multiple Socket Outlet n Socket outlet with protective

n = number of plugs interlocking switch
n
Switched socket outlet Multi-phase socket outlet
Socket outlet with protective

earth contact
Table 4 - Socket Outlet Symbols

General Purpose Outlets (GPO) are power points that are fixed to walls and supply
electrical current for appliances, white goods and power tools.
POA
Point of Attachment Motor M
Earth Generator G
Thermal Fire Alarm

Battery Detector Head
Lightning Arrestor Electric Buzzer
Electric Clock Electric Bell
Ceiling Fan Siren
Rectifier Unit
DC Power Supply Horn
Table 5 - Miscellaneous Symbols
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Basic Symbol Electric Range R
Main Switchboard MSB Cooking Top CT
Meter Board MB Exhaust Fan EF
Distribution Board DSB Air Conditioner AC
Control Panel CP Garbage Disposal GD
Hot Water Service HWS Electric Heater H
Table 6 - Appliances & Board Symbols
Symbol Sizes:
The sizes of symbols are basically the same. Figure 6 – Basic Symbol Sizes
give the sizes for the main components, other components use the same or similar sizes
with the same proportions or slightly modified.
2.5 Text Ø6.5

2 Text
2 Ø5 Ø6.5
3
R2.5
M
Thermal Fire Alarm Thermal Fire Alarm Ceiling Fan Motor
Detector Head
Figure 6 – Basic Symbol Sizes
Typical Power Diagram:
Figure 7 – Power Diagram
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Power Outlets in Domestic Installations:
The number of positions of power outlets varies with the use of each room. The high
usage of new electrical appliances in today’s society requires a greater number of power
outlets than in previous years. Prior to the 1960’s, most Bedrooms had no power points,
or were restricted to the Main Bedroom; today a Bedroom needs a minimum of 1 double
GPO. Electrical equipment such as hairdryers, heaters, fans, computers, games, clock
radios, entertainment systems (radio, television, video) are standard accessories in
Bedrooms so sufficient GPO’s must be provided to eliminate the use of double adaptors
which can lead to overloading of circuits and start fires. Stoves, Wall Ovens, and
Cooktops have their own circuits back to the Meter Board. Table 7 indicates the typical
number of outlets for various rooms in the average dwelling. The total wattage per power
circuit is 4800 Watts.
Room Number Number of Ampere Appliances Operated

of Outlets Circuits
Kitchen 6 2 10 Refrigerator, Freezer Dishwasher,
Range hood, Garbage Disposal.
2 2 15 Wall Oven, Cooktop.
1 1 20 Stove.
Lounge Room 4 2 10 Television, Video, Stereo,
Standing Lamps,
Family Room 4 2 10 Television, Video, Stereo, Games,
Standing Lamps, Telephone,
Computer, Musical Instruments.
Bedrooms 2 1 10 Radio, Alarm Clocks, Hair dryers,
Computers, Games, Water beds,
Bed Lamps
Office & Study 4 2 10 Computer, Phone, Facsimile,
Radio, Printer, Scanner, Fan
Garage 4 2 10 Drills, Machinery, Radio
1 1 15 Lathes, Electric Welder
Air conditioner 1 1 15
and/or heater
Hall, Passage 1 1 10 Lamps, Phone
Laundry 2 1 10 Washing Machine, Clothes Dryer
1 1 15 Hot Water Unit
Table 7
Most electrical appliances in a residential dwelling operated using 10-ampere; heavier

appliances such as air-conditioners, heaters, welding machines, engineering machinery,
stoves require 15-ampere power to operate.
Single GPO Double GPO Weatherproof GPO
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Types of Controls:
Special controls make lighting systems and appliances more efficient, these include:
Automatic cycle control:
Installed on appliances to perform their function on a predetermined time cycle.
Clock Thermostats:
Adjust heating or cooling units for day and night.
Aquastats:
Maintain the temperature of water to a selected setting.
Time Switches:
Controls lights and watering systems.
Master Switches:
Controls and over-rides the switching throughout the building from one location.
Temperature Thermostats:
Control the temperature of water in Hot Water Units.
Examples of Fittings:
Ceiling Fan Smoke Detector
Oven & Stove Cooktop Air Conditioner
Hot Water Heater Clothes Dryer
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Skill Practice Exercise: 7771AG-SP-01 (extension)
1. Open drawing 7771AG-SP-01 in your work area and create a new layer to add the
power symbols.
2. Insert the power symbols from the network drive in the Electrical Building Services
domain of the CAD Drafting folder using the information given in Table 8 to suit
Figure 7.
Item Appliance Make Wattage Mounting Position

1–2 Double GPO Wattmore B7 2000 300mm above bench
3 – 15 Double GPO Wattmore B7 2000 300mm above floor
16 – 18 Double GPO Wattmore B7 2000 1200mm above floor
19 Single GPO Wattmore B6 1000 750 above floor
20 Single GPO Wattmore B6 1000 2000 above floor
21 – 22 Single GPO Wattmore B6 1000 300mm above bench
23 – 27 Ceiling Fan Cascade 210627 Center of ceiling
28 Buzzer Left of front entry door
29 Bell 2100mm above floor
30 Electric Clock 2100mm above floor
31 Cooktop Chef A3245 5950
32 Range hood Robin Hood 1000 Over cooktop
33 Dishwasher ASEA 1800 1000 Under sink
34 Wall Oven Chef WO2187
35 Meter Box
36 – 38 Exhaust Fan Simms 1778 85 Ceiling over Vanity
Table 8
1 33 19 29
3 14 22
2 16 37
27 30
4
17 13
26
32
20 31 15 38
34 18
12
9
36
23 24 25 11
10 21
6
35 7 8
28
Figure 8
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Lesson 3 - Telecommunication Symbols
Learning Outcomes:
• Identify standard electrical telecommunication symbols used in the preparation
of Electrical Building Service drawings.
• Produce drawings of less complex nature using electrical telecommunication
symbols for a residential building in accordance with the current Australian
Standards.
Outline:
Telecommunication systems in residential dwellings include telephone systems,
security/fire alarms, video surveillance systems, co-axial coble outlets for television and
audio systems. The symbols are placed in their approximate position on the Floor Plan,
clearly identifying the difference between similar symbols.
Symbols:
Basic Telecommunications TV
Symbol Television
R S
Radio Sound
Aerial / Antenna Loudspeaker
Radio Receiving Set Amplifying Equipment
Telephone -
Telephone Outlet - Wall Installed on Wall
Telephone -
Telephone Outlet - Floor Installed on Floor
D 40L
Direct Line Switchboard, 40 Line PMBX
Switchboard, 2+6
2+6 Table Type PMBX Automatic Exchange Equipment
90L
Table 9 - Telecommunication Symbols
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Symbol Sizes:
The symbols used in Australia to produce the telecommunication components in electrical
diagrams mostly conform to those agreed to by the International Electrotechnical
Commission. Symbols are drawn using a 0.25 pen.
2 Text 6
3 2 Text
TV 2
40L
3
6
2
4 90L
Television Telephone Switchboard Automatic Exchange
40 Line PMBX Equipment
Figure 9
Typical Communications Diagram:
Figure 10 - Communications Diagram
Examples of Telecommunication Fittings:
Microwave & Pay TV Television Telephone
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Typical Diagram of all Electrical Systems:
The completed Electrical Diagram of the building shows the Power, Lighting and
Communication systems shown on the one view. If a building has more than one floor and
each floor is different, separate views should be drawn. If each floor is identical, only the
one view is required.
Figure 11 – Complete Drawing of Lighting, Power & Communications
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Skill Practice Exercise: 7771AG-SP-01 (extension)
1. Open drawing 7771AG-SP-01 in your work area and create a new layer to add the
communication symbols.
2. Insert the power symbols from the Electrical Building services folder in the CAD
Drafting domain on the network drive using the information in Table 10 to suit
Figure 9.
Item Description
1–4 Television
5–6 Radio
7 Sound
8 Amplifying Equipment
9 – 12 Surround Sound System
13 Wall Mounted Telephone
14 – 17 Floor Telephone Outlet
18 – 22 Floor Telephone/Internet Outlet
23 Aerial
Table 10
23
14 13 21
22
8
6
2
9 12
15
16 19
18 17
5
4
1 7
10 11 20 3
Figure 12
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LESSON 4 – Electrical Schedules
Learning Outcomes:
• Explain the use of Electrical Schedules on electrical building service drawings.
• Determine to number of columns required to produce a schedule of electrical
fittings on a drawing.
• Produce an Electrical Schedule on an electrical building service drawing.
Electrical Schedules:
An Electrical Schedule is a table listing the types of luminaire and the make, model and
rating of equipment to be installed in the dwelling. The schedules are used to estimate the
cost of the installation and as a check against the plan to reduce the possibility of errors
occurring.
Properties of Electrical Schedules:

The schedule consists of 5 columns with each column labelled Outlet or Appliance, Room
or Area, Type of Fitting or Appliance, and Remarks. All lighting fixtures are shown first
followed by power outlets, then appliances.
Room or Area Qty. Type of Fitting or Appliance Remarks
Lighting Front Entrance 1 Westminster WL2 2200mm above floor
Rear Entry 1 Limpet 250D
Living 2 Gloria 5B Pendant
4 Gloria 1A Wall 2200mm above floor
Dining 1 Litewin Adjustable BS
Family Room 2 Clearline 402
Entry 1 Limpet 250D
Kitchen 2 Slimline 402
Master Bedroom 1 Clearline 201
Bedroom 2 & 3 1 Limpet 300D
Bathroom 1 Clearline 201
Laundry 1 Limpet 200D
Power Living 3 GPO HPC double/white/10 amp 400mm above floor
1 TV antenna 400mm above floor
Dining 2 GPO HPC double/white/10 amp 400mm above floor
1 GPO HPC single/white/15 amp 400mm above floor
Family Room 3 GPO HPC double/white/10 amp 300mm above floor
Kitchen 3 GPO HPC double/white/10 amp Mounting above floor
work benches - 950mm
elsewhere – 2000mm
1 GPO HPC single/white/10 amp dishwasher – 500mm
Master Bedroom 2 GPO HPC double/white/10 amp 400mm above floor
Bedroom 2 & 3 1 GPO HPC double/white/10 amp 400mm above floor
Bathroom 1 GPO HPC single/white/10 amp 1200mm above floor
Laundry 2 GPO HPC double/white/10 amp 1200mm above floor
Terrace 1 Weatherproof 1800mm above floor
Oven Kitchen 1 Westinghouse WO65L Wire on separate circuit
HWU Laundry 1 Rheme 700l Wire for off-peak
Table 11 - Electrical Schedule
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Create a new drawing in your work area called 7771AG-SP-02 using the template provided
in the Electrical Building services folder within the CAD Drafting domain on the network
drive called EBS-EX2 and complete the electrical drawing by adding the following
information to suit the electrical arrangement as indicated by the Architect in the following
sketch for the Offices, Levels 1 to 5 of Granville Towers.
Create new layers for the lighting, power outlets, and communication symbols and lines.
Include a schedule for all lighting, Power and telecommunications.
% @ # @ #
H
$
%
# M D H W
@
$ W
$ G % @ #
W
W W
%
W
# # # $
@ @ @
Distribution Box
@ Internet Line # Telephone Line % Television G Radio $ Wall Light Switch
Double Power Point 3 Tube Fluroescent M Microwave D Dishwasher
Single Power Point Single Tube Fluroescent W Wall Light H Hot Water Unit
Schedule of Fittings & Fixtures

Power Points Single: SOC-S0426 from MBNA
Double: SOC-D0510 from MBNA
Office Lighting Light: 3NT by Ronfell Lighting
Switches: Imperium 200H by Heck Pty Ltd
Services Lighting Light: Exlux 6000 from Stahl Lighting Pty Ltd
Switches: Series 203 from HPM
Hall Lighting Light: SH-70MHJC by Sheng He Lighting Company
Switches: Imperium 350M by Heck Pty Ltd
Hot Water Unit ABB 30F by Zip Australia
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sketch for the Basement Level of Granville Towers.
Include a schedule for all lighting, power and telecommunications.
M #
% Light Zone 1
Light Zone 2
% %
Light Zone 3
Time Switch
Distribution Board
@ Flood Light Movement Sensor % Internal Light Movement Sensor M Main Switchboard
3 Tube Fluroescent Flood Light # Telephone 60W Light Double Power Point
All Fluorescent Lights are controlled by Master Switches in the Switchboard Room.
Schedule of Fittings & Fixtures

Power Points Single: 240S-H1 from Elenco
Double: 240D-H2 from Elenco
Car Park Lighting Light: 3NT by Heltley Lighting
Movement Sensors Floodlights: IR34 by Olathe
Car Paring: RG-67h by Pro Tech Services
Services Lighting Light: Exlux 3000 from Stahl Lighting Pty Ltd
Switches: Series 111 from HPM
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sketch for the Residential Apartments, Levels 6 to 13 of Granville Towers.
Include a schedule for all lighting, Power and telecommunications.
Bed 2 Bed 2 Bed 1

Bed 1
Kitchen
Dining
Room
UNIT 2
UNIT 1 Lounge
Dining Lounge
Room
Dining
Room
UNIT 3
Lounge Bed 1
Fitting Qty Manufacturer - Model

Unit 1 & 2
Lounge Double GPO’s 2 Clipsal DP/10A
Sound, TV, Phone 2
Phone 2
Wall Lights with Dimmer Switch 4 HPM – Macquarie
Ceiling Pendant 3x40 1 Thorn – 3PD/40W
Dining Single GPO 1 Clipsal – SP/10A
Wall Lights with Dimmer Switch 3 HPM – Macquarie
Kitchen Double GPO’s 2 Clipsal - DP/10A
GPO’s for Refrigerator & 2 Clipsal – SP/10A
Dishwasher
Fluorescent 2x40 1 Multiflex 6030
Bedroom1 Double GPO’s 2 Clipsal DP/10A
Phone 1
Ceiling Light 1 Thorn – 350 Oyster
Wall Light with Dimmer Switch 3 HPM – Macquarie
Ceiling Fan 1 Regency – De Ville
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Bedroom 2 Double GPO’s 2 Clipsal - DP/10A
Entry Single GPO 1 Clipsal – SP/10A
Bathroom Exhaust Fan 1 Radon Pty Ltd – Dynavac XP
Ceiling Light 1 Thorn – 350WP Oyster
Single GPO 1 Clipsal – SP/10A
Laundry Double GPO 2 Clipsal – DP/10A
Exhaust Fan 1 Radon Pty Ltd – Dynavac XP
Hot Water Unit 1 Dux – 185X
Unit 3
Lounge Double GPO’s 2 Clipsal – DP/10A
Sound, TV 2
Phone 2
Wall Lights with Dimmer Switch 4 HPM – Regency
Dining Single GPO 1 Clipsal - SP/10A
Wall Lights with Dimmer Switch 2 HPM – Regency
Kitchen Double GPO’s 2 Clipsal - DP/10A
GPO’s for Refrigerator & 2 Clipsal - SP/10A
Dishwasher
Fluorescent 2x40 1 Multiflex 6030
Bedroom1 Double GPO’s 2 Clipsal - DP/10A
Phone
Entry Single GPO 1 Clipsal - SP/10A
Bathroom Exhaust Fan 1 Esco 345-EF
Ceiling Light 1 Thorn – 350 Oyster WP
Single GPO 1 Clipsal - SP/10A
Laundry Double GPO 2 Clipsal - DP/10A
Exhaust Fan 1 Esco - 345-EF
Ceiling Fan 1
Hot Water Unit 1 Dux - 145X
Lobby
Down Lights with Double Switches 5 HPM – Richmond
Double GPO 2 Clipsal - DP/10A
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LESSON 5
Assessment Test 1:
Exercise
Complete all Skill Practice Exercises to 7771AG-SP-04
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LESSON 6 - Riser Diagrams
Learning Outcomes:
• Describe the purpose of providing a riser diagram on an electrical drawing.
• State the pen sizes and line constructions use when producing a riser diagram.
• Identify the labels and abbreviations used on riser diagrams.
• Produce a drawing containing a riser diagram.
Riser Diagrams:
Electrical Riser Diagrams show the distribution of electricity throughout a multi-storey
building. The electricity arrives from the mains, to the switchboard or meter board, from
where the electricity is then distributed through sub-circuits. The electricity is then
dispersed to distribution boxes on the various floors.
Riser diagrams are elevations of the building that show the distribution of the electricity.
The elevations are drawn to scale but the actual run of the cables, fittings and boxes are
schematic and not drawn to scale. The drawings should be kept simple with all lines
drawn either vertical or horizontal.
In multi storey buildings, the electrical installation can be divided into three sections:
• Incoming consumer mains to the switchboard.
• Sub-mains systems.
• Electrical installation.
Incoming Mains:
The power generally enters the building underground and is connected to the main
switchboard and is normally located in the basement level or the lower floors of the
building.
Sub-mains System:
The power is distributed from the main switchboard to distribution boxes on the same or
different floors. The boxes can be wired in series or parallel. Boxes wired in series
means that the boxes are connected one after the other similar to a chain. Boxes wired in
parallel are all wired directly to the distribution box, refer to the following diagram.
Series DB1 DB2 DB3
DB1
Parallel DB2
DB3
Electrical Installation:
The electrical installation includes all wiring from the distribution box to each light,
switch, outlet or appliance.
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Roof
DB DBEL
5th FL
DB5
4th Fl
DB4A DB4B
3rd FL
DB3A DB3B
2nd FL
DB2
1st FL
DB1
GR. FL
1 2 3 4 5
MSB 6
Consumer Mains
TR DBB
Basement
Figure 13 - Typical Riser Diagram
The schedule for Figure 10 would be shown as follows:
Floor No of Boards Riser No Title

Basement 1 6 DDB
Ground Floor 1 1 DB1
1st 1 4 DB2
2nd 2 2&4 DB3A & DB3B
3rd 2 2&4 DB4A & DB4B
4th 1 3 DB5
5th 2 3&5 DB & DBELEV
Pen Thicknesses & Line Construction:

All lines representing the electrical risers are produced using a 1mm wide continuous line;
floor lines and walls are drawn using a 0.25mm line while equipment (distribution boards,
switchboards, power equipment) is drawn as rectangles to the approximate scale but should
be of sufficient size to comfortably fit any lettering. All equipment is labelled according to
the schedule and floors identified.
Typical Abbreviations:
Distribution Board DBn DBA, Dbelev, DB2/A, DB2-2
Main Switchboard MSB
Meter Box MBn MB1, MB3/A, MB6-1
Transformer TRn TR1, TRA
Emergency Switchboard ESB
n = Floor Identification and/or Item Number
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Create a new drawing in your work area called 7771AG-SP-05 using the template EBS-
EX05 in the Electrical Building services folder within the CAD Drafting domain on the
network drive and produce a Riser Diagram to suit the high rise building using the
following schedule.
This drawing is Not To Scale

Basement 1 1 DDB
Ground Floor 2 2&3 DBG/1 & DBG/2
1st 1 4 DB1
2nd 1 4 DB2
3rd 1 4 DB3
4th 1 4 DB4
5th 1 6 DB5
6th 2 5&6 DB6/1 & DB6/2
7th 2 6&7 DB7/1 & DB7/2
Roof 1 8 DB ELEV
The underground consumer mains enter the building at the Basement Level.
Skill Practice Exercise 7771AG-SP-06

Create a new drawing in your work area called 7771AG-SP-06 using the template
DETAIL DRAFTING in the Electrical Building services folder within the CAD Drafting
domain on the network drive and produce a Riser Diagram for Granville Towers using the
following schedule. The scale of the drawing is at 1:100

Basement 1 1 DDB
Ground Floor 3 2, 3 & 4 DBG/1, DBG/2 & DBG/3
1st 2 5&6 DB1/1 & DB1/2
2nd 2 5&6 DB2/1 & DB2/2
3rd 2 5&6 DB3/1 & DB3/2
4th 2 7&8 DB4/1 & DB4/2
5th 2 7&8 DB5/1 & DB5/2
6th 2 7&8 DB6/1 & DB6/2
7th 2 7&8 DB7/1 & DB7/2
8th 2 9 & 10 DB8/1 & DB8/2
9th 2 9 & 10 DB9/1 & DB9/2
10th 2 9 & 10 DB10/1 & DB10/2
11th 2 12 & 13 DB11/1 & DB11/2
12th 2 12 & 13 DB12/1 & DB12/2
13th 2 12 & 13 DB13/1 & DB13/2
Roof 1 14 DB ELEV
The underground consumer mains enter the building at the Basement Level.
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LESSON 7 - Switchboard Layouts
Learning Outcomes:
• Define the difference between a meter box and distribution board.
• List two types of switchboard used in building construction.
• List seven (7) fittings used on domestic meter boxes.
• List four (4) types of commercial switchboard.
• Produce a drawing of a domestic meter box.
Meter Boxes & Distribution Boards:

The layout, design, and installation of all equipment including meter boxes and distribution
boards is controlled by AS3000, commonly called the “Wiring Code”. Manufactured
switchboards are built to AS3439 Part 1 – Low Voltage Switchgear and Control
Assemblies.
Once the circuit diagram has been drawn by the electrical draftsperson, it may be necessary
for the layout of the inside of the switch box and in some cases, the outside face of the box
to be drawn, to indicate the relative position of each piece of equipment to be installed.
For standard domestic installations a specialised drawing of the box is not necessary as the
meter box is usually to a standard design and format in appearance as laid out by the
supply authority. In commercial, industrial or multi-storey buildings, it is often necessary
to set out the layout for the boards for each job and have reputable switchboard
manufacturers construct and install the board.
Types of Switchboards:
Switchboards can be divided into two types, domestic and commercial/industrial types.
Domestic Types:
Australian Wiring Standards AS3000 states that all wiring to domestic switchboards is not
to be exposed. Exposed wiring is wiring is hidden behind metallic access covers and
escutcheon plates. Although the service rules relating to the tariff structures, metering,
earthing arrangements and protection of consumer mains, may differ from various
electrical supply authorities; most authorities have adopted a standard meter box or
31/01/08 Page 40
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combination meter box and switchboard. Minimum standards have been set for the
manufacture of meter boxes and panels with the manufacturers and boxes being tested and
approved for compliance; each box is permanently marked to indicate it complies with the
standard.
The following equipment can be provided on meter boxes:
Cartridge (HRC) Fuse

The HRC fuse is more expensive than the semi-enclosed fuse. The fuse has one or more
silver or silver alloy wires/strips connected in parallel and encased in a special ceramic
body. Cartridge fuses are used commercially in motors and machinery.
Cartridge Fuse
Circuit Breaker
Circuit breakers differ from fuses in that fuses have a removable element where a circuit
breaker is a switch. Circuit breakers are self-contained switches that are tripped when the
circuit is overloaded or a short circuit occurs in the power/lighting system.
Residential Type Circuit Breakers
Supply Meter
The meter supplied by the local electrical authority to measure the amount of electricity for
billing purposes. If power is supplied to appliances that are operated by “off-peak” power
(eg. hot water heaters), a second meter and control device would be installed.
Electricity Meter Switch
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Switches
Power ON/OFF switches to main power supply, water heater, swimming pool pumps and
air conditioning equipment etc. The Mains Switch shuts off all power entering the circuit
while the Isolation Switch controls the current flowing to a particular circuit or appliance.
Earth Leakage Unit

Earth Leakage Units are designed to detect any flow of current to earth. They do this by
measuring the current flow going out onm the active conductor and returning on the
neutral conductor. If there is a difference that is greater than the preset level they open the
contacts of the unit. They come in 3 grading 100-milliamp equipment protection, 30-
milliamp personal protection and 10-milliamp body protection used in hospitals etc.
Semi-enclosed Fuse (Porcelain Rewirable Fuses – OBSOLETE)

Commonly used up to the early 1980’s. The fuse is in 2 parts consisting of a base and
carrier that are made from ceramic, the base holds the lining and contact terminals with the
fuse carrier and element mounted on the carrier. A thin wire, rated to a specific amperage,
is wound between the fuse contacts. If too much electricity passes through the fuse, the
wire melts and the flow of current is stopped.
Ceramic Fuse
Transformers
Transformers are devices which increase or decrease the voltage.
There are two types of transformer:
Step Down Transformer - 11,000 Volts to 415 Volts.
Step Up Transformer - 12 Volts to 24 Volts
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General Purpose Small Power
Rectifiers
Rectifiers convert Alternating Current (AC) to Direct Current (DC).
Low Power Rectifier High Power rectifier
Typical Dimensions of Switchboard Equipment:
Earth Leakage Unit 3-Phase Meter Mains Switch Service Fuse
Transformer Circuit Breaker Ceramic 16/20 Amp Isolation Switch

Fuse Holder
Figure 14 – Typical Dimensions of Standard Switchgear Components
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Range A/C P P P
N1 N2 N3 N4 N5
Main Meter
Main Switch
Loght & Power
240V
L L L
N6 N7 N8
HWS Off Peak Meter

Safety Main Switch Neutral
Switch HWS Link
Figure 15 - Typical Arrangement of a Domestic Meter Box

Note the drawing is NOT dimensioned, the components are drawn to scale using the
dimensions supplied in the manufacturer’s catalogue. The label of each component is also
indicated.
Commercial and Industrial Types:

Large switchboards are designed and
constructed by specialised switchboard
manufacturers to comply with all
relevant rules and to engineering and
electrical specifications for individual
jobs. Many firms have developed their
own standardised designs and layouts. Cubical
Modular construction to specified
Open Type
requirements is regularly used to build
up the switchgear and control
equipment, the size of which may vary
in all dimensions. The variation of the
dimensions is in standard increments Desk Type
and the standard size modules allow an Dead Front
arrangement to suit nearly any load and
protection requirement.
There are several types of switchboards used, the type fitted is dependant on the size and
purpose of the installation. Figure 13 shows some types of switchboard available:
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440V Switchboard
11kV 5 Panel Board Outdoor switchboard with lighting outlets

Figure 16 - Switchboard Samples
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Create a new drawing in your work area called 7771AG-SP-07 using a standard template
drawing. Produce a drawing of the meter box using the following engineer’s sketch.
Main Isolating Power Power Power

Switch Switch Fuse Fuse Fuse
Power Power Power

Fuse Fuse Fuse
Hot Water Stove
Switch Switch
Light Light Light
Fuse Fuse Fuse
Main Off-peak A/C

Meter Meter Switch

Create a new drawing in your work area called 7771AG-SP-0 using a standard template
drawing. Produce a drawing of a 1m wide x 1.25m high meter box using the following
information supplied by the engineer.
3 - 10 Amp Circuit Breakers 2 – 15 Amp Circuit Breakers 3 Light Circuits

Main and Off-peak Meters Main Isolating Switch Hot Water System
Air Conditioner Circuit
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LESSON 8 - Busway Systems
Learning Outcomes:
• Describe a Busway System.
• List the advantages of using a Busway System in preference to distribution
boxes and sub-mains.
• List the line sizes used to produce Busway System drawings.
• Produce a drawing for a Busway System installation.
Overview:
The Busway system of power distribution is widely used throughout industry in both
commercial and industrial buildings. The busway system is also being increasingly used
in low power residential dwelling. The application for busway systems is in power
reticulation for high demand industrial areas with concentrated loads and rising mains in
multi-storey buildings.
The Busway system has been developed for a safe and space-saving transmission and
distribution of electrical power. The busway consists of copper or aluminium conductors.
These are embedded in a vacuum mixed insulation of epoxy, and filled with selected inert
materials of different granulation sizes; the casting mix has high mechanical strength,
excellent electrical specifications as well as outstanding physical characteristics.
The Busway system is impervious to moisture, as well as being highly fire resistant.
An extensive range of element forms can be manufactured for the standardised current
ratings in low and medium voltage appliances due to the flexible production method used
in universal casting moulds with an integrated processed casting method.
Busway systems secure a maintenance-free and safe electrical power supply. The
prefabricated elements are self-supporting and the conductors are electrically connected by
double fishplate junctions. These junctions contain an oversized contact surface, and
minimum of contact resistance to allow for more flexibility during installation.
The busduct, busbar and busway systems can be found specified as:
• Total encapsulated busbar
• Fully (epoxy) cast-resin insulated busway
• Epoxy moulded type busduct
• Fire rated electrical busway.
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Sandwich Busbar Isolated Phase Busduct
Small Plug-in Busway Lighting Busway

Figure 17 - Examples of Commercial Busway Systems
Busway systems have the advantage of reducing the number of distribution boards and
submains therefore simplifying the wiring layout. By comparing Figure 15 and 16 it can
be seen that the use of a Busway System has greatly reduced the number of sub-circuits.
DB
DB
Sub-circuit Busbar
MSB
MSB
Submain
DB
DB
Figure 18 – Sub-circuits Figure 19 – Busway System
Pen Thicknesses & Line Construction:

All lines representing the busway systems are drawn using a 1mm wide continuous lines;
outlines of walls are drawn using a 0.25mm line while powered equipment (lathes, mills
grinders, welders, robotics etc.) is drawn as rectangles to the approximate scale using a
0.35mm line.
31/01/08 Page 48
Student Workbook
Skill Practice Exercise 7771AG-SP-09:
Create a new drawing in your work area called 7771AG-SP-09 using template EBS-EX09
provided in the Electrical Building services folder within the CAD Drafting domain on the
network drive. Produce a drawing showing an arrangement for laying out a Busway
System to connect the machines in the workshop. Main Switchboard is located in the
Utility Space with Basement distribution box in the Maintenance Room.
Saw Drill Lathe

Bench
Grinder Mill
Skill Practice Exercise 7771AG-SP-10:

Create a new drawing in your work area called 7771AG-SP-10 and produce a drawing
showing an arrangement for laying out a Busway System to connect the machines in the
workshop using 3-Busways with the equipment being uniformly distributed over each line.
19410
2-190 Masonry Block Walls 1200 2400
LATHE
MSB
455
MILL
10410
SAW
1200
2400
DRILL
2210
1955
GRINDER
31/01/08 Page 49
Student Workbook
LESSON 9
Assessment Test 2:
Exercise
Complete all Skill Practice Exercises to 7771AN-SP-09
31/01/08 Page 50

Electrical Building Services 7771AG-V3

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CAD & Detail Drafting

1st Edition January 2002

National Library of Australia Publication Number:

Module Resource Manuals

 it may not be re-sold.

Any breach of these conditions will be acted upon

SUGGESTED LESSON PROGRAM ............................................................................................................ 7

O.H.& S. ISSUES: ........................................................................................................................................... 8

LESSON 1 - Lighting Diagrams & Symbols ............................................................................................... 15

Your feedback is essential for improving the quality of these manuals.

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CAD & Detail Drafting

SUGGESTED LESSON PROGRAM

The following program has been developed for 9 x 4-hour sessions.

Lesson Topics Skill Practice Exercises

The main rule is “TAKE SHORT BREAKS and STRETCH OFTEN”.

5-Star Base With

Adjust the height of the chair so that the front of

Adjust the backrest up and down so that it fits into

THE BACKREST SUPPORTS THE BACK AND IS NOT A LOUNGE.

Step 4 - Positioning The Monitor:

Is your mouse working properly?

Position your mouse correctly:

Use Different Moving Parts:

Listen to your body:

Indirect or Reflected Glare:

Exercise 1 – Tall Stretch:

Exercise 2 – Shoulder Roll:

Roll the shoulders - raise them, pull them

Exercise 3 – Side Stretch:

Exercise 4 – Back Curl:

The following Internet sites are recommended for further information:

LESSON 1 - Lighting Diagrams & Symbols

Basic Symbol - Luminaires Luminaire - Built in Switch

Luminaire - Fixed to Wall Signal Lamp

Luminaire - 4x40 Watts Luminaire - Fluorescent Lamp

Luminaire for two 40 Watt

Luminaire for three 40 Watt

Alternative Symbol - number and 4 x 40W

Floodlight Discharge Lamp

Table 1 - Luminaire Symbols

Switches - one way single pole

Switch - Single pole pull Time switch

Two way switch Push button

Intermediate switch Luminous push button

Table 2 - Switch Symbols

Board Telephone Luminaire - Fluorescent

Figure 3 - Arrangement of Switches

Position 1 - Lights OFF Position 2 - Lights ON

Position 3 - Lights OFF Position 4 - Lights ON

An example of a lighting diagram is shown below.

Figure 5 - Lighting Diagram

Minimum Lighting Requirements:

Examples of Lights & Switches:

Wall Mounted Light Multiple Ceiling Luminaire Single Ceiling Luminaire

Fluorescent Light Flood Lights Sensor Switch

Single Switch Double Switch Dimmer Switch Waterproof Switch

LESSON 2 - Power Diagrams & Symbols

Multiple Socket Outlet n Socket outlet with protective

Socket outlet with protective

Table 4 - Socket Outlet Symbols

Thermal Fire Alarm

Lightning Arrestor Electric Buzzer

Electric Clock Electric Bell

it may not be re-sold.