You are a Contractor

You are a contractor who wants to earn a client’s business. You must put together a proposal as a bid for
them.

In this unit you will learn to:

 Calculate area and volume of 2D and 3D shapes

 Calculate perimeter of complex shapes
 Calculate percentage of the cost of items
 Use simple financial literacy skills to follow a budget

We will work through learning the following skills:

1. Calculating area – parallelograms, triangles, trapezoids

2. Calculating volume
3. Calculating perimeter
4. Calculating finances using simple financial data
5. Calculating simple percentages using financial data
6. Calculating and understanding ratios

Then, you will calculate and create a proposal for a potential client to see if they will hire you.

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Part 1. Calculating Area – Parallelograms

Area is what it takes to cover something. Like how much paper it would take to cover your desktop.

Area = Length x Width or A = L x W

First, length or width can be any side you choose, but they must be adjacent to (touching) each other.

10 cm
*All area is calculated in square units. This
example is in centimeters, so the answer is CM2.
5 cm

Width The little, elevated 2 indicates squared, which

means two measurements like Length and
Width

So, the length is 10 cm, and the

So, our final answer is:
width is 5 cm. Fill in the blanks
Length

A = (L)____ x (W) ____ A = ____ cm2 (squared)

So, what is area? It is the AREA covered by something, like carpeting covering a floor, or paint covering a
wall. For a little help, here is a video (or the link) to help you understand.

Math Antics – Area video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xCdxURXMdFY

So, let’s try some questions. Fill in the blanks

1. L is 9 cm – W is 2 cm: A = L _______ x W _______ = ________ cm2

2. L is 6 cm – W is 4 cm: A = L _______ x W _______ = ________ cm2

3. L is 5 cm – W is 4 cm: A = L _______ x W _______ = ________ cm2

OK, label the following and solve the equation.

4. L = 8 cm, W = 3 cm

label

Solve the problem by using the formula:

5. L = 24 cm, W = 13 cm

label

Solve the problem by using the formula:

6. W = 81 cm, L = 22 cm

Solve the problem by using the formula:

label
 7. Measure this shape, label it, and calculate the area. Show all your
work.

label
Solve the problem by using the formula:

8. Measure this shape, label it, and calculate the area. Show all your
work.
Solve the problem by using the formula:

label
 9. Draw your own (4 sided) shape, label it, and calculate the area.
Show all your work.

Solve the problem by using the formula:

10. Draw your own (4 sided) shape, label it, and calculate the area.
Show all your work.

Solve the problem by using the formula:

11. Draw your own (4 sided) shape, label it, and calculate the area.
Show all your work.

Solve the problem by using the formula:

Part 1a. Calculating Area: Triangles and trapezoids

There is a formula that you need to learn to help you calculate AREA of a parallelogram.

Area = Length x Width or A = B x H ÷ ½ (Base / Height)

First, length or width can be any side you choose, but they must be adjacent to (touching) each other.

So, the Height is 10 cm, and the Base is 5 cm. Fill in the blanks

A = (B)____ x (H) ____ ÷ ½

10 cm
Solve the problem by using the formula:

5 cm
So, our final answer is: Base
A = ____ cm2

12. B is 6 cm – H is 2 cm: A = B ____ x H ____ ÷ ½ = _______ cm2

13. B is 6 cm – H is 4 cm: A = B ____ x H ____ ÷ ½ = _______ cm2

14. H is 5 cm – B is 4 cm: A = H ____ x B ____ ÷ ½ = _______ cm2

OK, label the following and solve the equation.
15. B = 3 cm, H = 8 cm (label the triangle)
Solve the problem by using the formula:

16. B = 24 cm, H = 10 cm (label the triangle)

Solve the problem by using the formula:

 17. B = 20 cm, H = 22 cm (label the triangle)

Solve the problem by using the formula:

18. Measure this shape, label it, and calculate the area. Show all
your work.

Solve the problem by using the formula:

 19. Draw your own triangle, label it, and calculate the area.
Show all your work.

Solve the problem by using the formula:

20. Draw your own triangle, label it, and calculate the area. Show
all your work.

Solve the problem by using the formula:

 Trapezoids
Trapezoids are a combination of parallelograms and triangles. They are
quite simple. The formula is the same as a parallelogram, but uses the
Height idea from the triangle. The formula is, A = L x H. See the
diagram.

Height
Base

So, in this equation, the Length (or it could also be called the Base) is 20
cm. The Height (or you could call it the Width) is 15 cm.
Notice that the Height is calculated from the top corner to the Base
(extended out). Kind of like a Triangle.

15 cm
20 cm

So, A = B x H
Area = (B) 20 cm x (H) 15 cm
Area = 300 cm2
This means that it would take 300 little squares of 1 cm each to cover
this shape.
21. B is 6 cm – H is 2 cm: A = B ____ x H ____ = _______ cm2

22. B is 6 cm – H is 4 cm: A = B ____ x H ____ = ________ cm2

23. H is 5 cm – B is 4 cm: A = H ____ x B ____ = ________ cm2

OK, label the following and solve the equation.

24. B = 30 cm, H = 14 cm (label the trapezoid)

Solve the problem by using the formula:

25. B = 24 cm, H = 17 cm (label the trapezoid)

Solve the problem by using the formula:

26. B = 2 cm, H = 17 cm (label trapezoid)

Solve the problem by using the formula:

 27. Measure this shape, label it, and calculate the area. Show all
your work.

Solve the problem by using the formula:

28. Draw your own trapezoid, label it, and calculate the area.
Show all your work.
Solve the problem by using the formula:
 29. Draw your own trapezoid, label it, and calculate the area.
Show all your work.

Solve the problem by using the formula:

 Volume
Volume is how much it takes to fill something up. Think of filling a
bottle with water. That’s volume. How much you can fit inside a box.
That’s volume.
Let’s check out this video to help explain volume.

Math Antics – Volume video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qJwecTgce6c

Area has two measures, Length and Width (or Base and Height).
Volume has three measures, Length, Width, and Height.

Volume Facts pdf - Handout

Label this diagram with Length, Width, and Height.

The formula for volume is: A = L x W x H

Fill in the blanks

A = (L) _____ x (W) _____ x (H) _____
A = _______m3
*Notice that this time the answer has the units 4m
in meters (m), and there is a 3 after it. This
means, cubed. It means there are three 4m
measurements taken. Length, width, and height.
So, let’s try some questions. Fill in the blanks

30.L 9 cm – W 2 cm – H 3 cm: A = L ____ x W ____ x H ____= _____ cm3

31.L 6 cm – W 4 cm – H 20 cm: A = L ____ x W ____ x H ____= _____ cm3

32.L 5 m – W 40 m – H 15m: A = L ____ x W ____ x H ____ = _____ m3

OK, label the following and solve the equation.

33. L = 4 cm, W = 6 cm, H = 14 cm

Solve the problem by using the formula:

34. L = 12 in, W = 12 in, H 22 in

Solve the problem by using the formula:

 35. Find the volume. Show all your work.

Solve the problem by using the formula:

36. Find the volume. Show all your work.

Solve the problem by using the formula:

 37. Calculate the volume. Show all your work.

Solve the problem by using the formula:

38. Draw your own (4 sided) shape, label it, and calculate the
volume. Show all your work.

Solve the problem by using the formula:

39. Draw your own (4 sided) shape, label it, and calculate the volume.
Show all your work.

Solve the problem by using the formula:

40. Explain the difference between Area and Volume. Show using
diagrams.
Extra Volume Concepts
Find the volume of this shape. Show all your work.

Find the volume of this shape. Show all your work.

Find the volume of this shape. Show all your work.

43. Find the volume of this shape. Show all your work.

*Prism worksheets x 3
 Perimeter
Perimeter is the distance around a shape. Like in a backyard, you put a
fence around it. That is perimeter. It is different from area in that that
is the measure to cover something. Think about the backyard…you put
grass on the ground to cover it…that’s area. Then you put a fence
around the yard…that’s perimeter.

Perimeter is simply the distance around a shape. All you have to do is

add up all the sides to calculate the perimeter of a shape.

Fill in the blanks

Perimeter = ____ + ____ + _____ 10 cm

P = _______ cm
5 cm
 44. 20 cm Calculate the perimeter
7 cm

45. Calculate the perimeter 28 cm

14 cm
30 cm
12 cm

46. Calculate the perimeter 55 m

25 m

20 m

Quiz #1 & worksheets if necessary

 Percentage
Percentage is a part of a whole. Percentage is used in many areas, and
in many ways. It is related to fractions and decimals.

Percentages are parts of something.

If this circle represents 100% of

something, then the 30% slice
indicates 30 parts out of 100.
As a fraction, it would be 30/100.
If it were money, it would be $30 out
of $100.
Percents are PARTS of a WHOLE.
47. On this page, show 50% in all diagrams. Create your own
representation in the two blank circles (different from the ones
shown)

48. Show 25%, 50%, and 33% where appropriate (you may need
two colours for some circles). Show 10% in one empty circle, and
40% in the other empty circle.
49. Show and label a different fraction in each of the 12 boxes.
Percent and Money
Percent is a big part of life finances. We pay taxes on almost everything
we buy. When you buy a chocolate bar, there is tax on it. In BC, our
taxes add up to 12%. Let’s figure out the tax on a candy bar.
Alright, a candy bar cost $1.75,
and the tax is 12%. What does
this mean? It means that we
are going to pay more money
for our candy bar. The extra
money is going to be 12% of
the value of the item we are
buying (the candy bar).
So, we are going to add 12% of $1.75 onto the cost of the candy bar:
$1.75 x 12% or 1.75 x .12 (.12 is 12% as a decimal).
$1.75 x 12% = 0.21₵ or 1.75 x .12 = 0.21
This means that 12% of $1.75 is 0.21 cents.
So, our candy bar would be $1.75 + 0.21₵ = $1.96
Try this one: A slushy is $2.25, and the tax is 12%. What is the total cost
of the slushy?
 50. Let’s say we want to buy some paint for our bedroom. The
paint is $21.95/gallon, and the tax is 12%. What is the total cost of
the paint?

51. Ok, now we want new flooring for our room. It cost
$24.79/box. We need 4 boxes. The tax is 12%. What is the total
cost of the flooring?

Quiz #2 and worksheets if necessary

 Reno Your Room
Ok, it is time to prepare to renovate your bedroom. Let’s start with the
floor.
52.
25 ft.
18 ft.

Top view. We are looking down on the floor

What is the square footage of your room? Show all your work.
Question 52

53. Alright, the carpet for your floor is $2.95/sq ft. How much
will it cost to put new carpet in your room?
Question 53
 54. Ok, let’s do a wall.

8 ft.

25 ft.

What is the square footage of your wall? Show all your work.
Question 54

55. Now, we have to paint the wall. This wall will take one gallon
of paint. One gallon cost $22.95. With 12% tax included, how
much is the gallon of paint?

Question 55
 56. Ok, let’s do another wall. This one has a window in it. Since
we won’t paint the window, we will need to calculate the area of
the wall minus the window (wall – window = Area of wall)
6 ft.

3 ft.
8 ft.

25 ft.

What is the square footage of your wall? Show all your work.
Question 56

Area of Wall (including the window)

Area of Window

Area of wall without window

 57. Ok, let’s do one more wall. This one has a door in it. Since
we won’t paint the door, we will need to calculate the area of the
wall minus the door (wall – door = Area of wall)

2.5 ft.
8 ft.

7 ft.

25 ft.

What is the square footage of your wall? Show all your work.
Question 57

Area of Wall (including the door)

Area of door

Area of wall without the door

 58. So, you have a wall with a door, and one with a window.
How much paint will you need to paint these walls? (Hint: look back to
question 55)

Question 58

59. (Thinking question) Ok, so now we have to paint the ceiling

too. A) What is the area of the ceiling? B) How many gallons of
paint will it take to paint the ceiling (think of the walls)? C) How
much, including tax, will the paint cost?

Question 59

Area of ceiling

How many gallons?

Cost of the paint (12% tax included)

 60. (Thinking question) Great, now…how much will it cost to
paint your entire room? Show all your work. Organize your work.

Question 60
 61. (Thinking question) Finally, what is the cost of renovating
your entire room? Show all your work. Organize your work.

Question 61
 Fully Meeting Questions
62. Calculate the area of this floor.

60 ft.

12 ft.
15 ft.

25 ft.
Question 62
 63. Calculate the area of this wall w/out the door and window.

6.25 ft. 3.25 ft.

ft. 64. Calculate

2.75 ft.
the area of
this wall.

7.5 ft.
65. If
9 ft.

the other two

walls are 12 ft. x 8 ft., what is the area?

35 ft.

Show all your work.

Question 63
 64. Using the answer from question 63, and knowing the
following:
a. 1 gallon of paint covers 75 sq. ft
b. 1 gallon of paint cost $19.75
Calculate:
a. How many gallons of paint would you need to buy to paint
this wall?
b. How much would the paint cost (including 12% tax)?
Show all your work. Organize your work.
Question 64
 65. The wall opposite the one in question 63 has no windows or
doors. The other two walls measure 20 ft. across. They have no
windows or doors. Calculate the area of the walls of this whole
room.
Show all your work. Organize your work.

Question 65
 66. Calculate the area, the number of gallons of paint, and the
cost of the paint for the ceiling.
Show all your work. Organize your work.
Question 66
 67. Finally, calculate the cost of painting this room.
Show all your work. Organize your work.
Question 67
 68. Flooring for this room cost $3.75/sq ft. What is the cost of
the flooring, before tax, and after tax? Show all your work.
Organize your work.

Question 68
69. Extended Activity (Exceeding)
a. You will create a portfolio for
this portion
b. Create a room using graph
paper for your blueprint (of
the floor and each of the 4
walls)
c. Use the internet to find the
cost and coverage of a gallon
of paint and any flooring you choose. Provide the location of
your information. If possible, include the website info about
your materials (ie. Printouts of the paint, etc.)
d. Show the floor and all four walls (not the ceiling)
e. Add whatever other elements you like (doors, windows)
f. Create a separate page for each wall and the floor
g. Show all your calculations on each page
h. Calculate:
i. Area
ii. Gallons needed for each wall
iii. Flooring
iv. Cost of paint
and flooring
(including
taxes of 8%)