3 3/2 -3

nd X – 4x + 3x + c
INTEGRAL CALCULUS REVIEWER (2 Sem 2011–2012)

2. ∫ 2
(x - 3)(x + 2)
3
x
dx
2

Integration – process of a function whose derivative or

differential is given ∫ (x4 – x2 – 6)x-1/3 dx
Integrand – the given function ∫ (x4 ▪ x-1/3 – x2 ▪ x-1/3 – 6 ▪ x-1/3 ) dx
Integral – the required function
∫ x11/3dx – ∫ x5/3dx – 6 ∫ x-1/3dx
11 5 1
n= 3 n=3 n =─ 3
14/3 8/3
THEOREM: Two functions having the same derivatives differ 3x 3x 2/3
14 – 8 – 9x + c
at most by a constant

Proof:
Let f(x) + g(x) be the function such that f’(x) = g’(x)
3. ∫ 3
3x
2
-6 xx
3
2x
3
1/3
- 5
dx
*put all x’s outside radicals

INDEFINITE INTEGRAL – if f(x) is a function whose derivative

is f(x), the relation between the two is given by:
∫ 3
3x
2/3

3
- 6x - 5
2x
dx
5/6

*bring out constant denominator and place variable denominator

∫ f(x) dx = F(x) + c in the numerator

Where:
3
1
2
∫ (
3
3x
2/3
– 6x
5/6
– 5)▪x
–1
dx
∫ = integral sign
f(x) = integrand 3
1
2
∫ (
3
3x ▪x
2/3 –1
– 6x
5/6
▪x
–1
– 5▪x
–1
) dx
F(x) = particular integrand
c = constant of integration 3
1
2
∫ (
3
3x
–1/3
– 6x
–1/6
– 5x
–1
) dx
F(x) + c = indefinite integral of…. 1 1
n = –3 n = –6 n = –1

 
3 2/3 5/6
1 3 ▪ 3x 6 ▪ 6x
PROPERTIES: ─ ─ 5 lnx + c
3
2  2 5 
1. ∫ du = u + c
2. ∫ (du + dv – dw) = ∫ du + ∫ dv – ∫ dw CONSTANT INTEGRATION
3. ∫ Rdu = ∫ du c
1. If dy = (2X – 5)dx and y = 2 when x = –1, find y when
POWER FORMULAS: x = 4.
n+1
x x -1 4
∫ xndx = n + 1 + c  if n ≠ –1 2 ?
y
∫ x–1dx = lnx + c  if n = –1 dy = (2x-5)dx
EXAMPLES: ∫ dy = ∫ (2x-5)dx
2
y + c = x – 5x + c
9
1. ∫ (3x – 6 x – x4 ) dx
2 *Hindi pwedeng both sides may constant (c) so you have to
choose which side to put 1 c
st
∫ 3x2dx – ∫ 6x1/2dx – ∫ 9x–4dx 1 option:
2
y + c = x – 5x
3∫ x dx – 6∫ x dx – 9∫ x dx
2 1/2 –4
*substitute x & y to get c
1 2
n=2 n=2 n = -4 2 + c = (-1) – 5(-1)
3 1/2 -3 c=4
x x x *then substitute c & x to y + c = x2 – 5x
3 ▪ 3 – 6 ▪ 3 – 9 ▪ -3 + c 2
y + 4 = (4) – 5(4)
2 y = -8
 1 c1
3 = 3 + 2 + c2 + c3
st
1 option: 16 = 3c1 + 6c2 + 6c3
2
y = x – 5x + c dy
*substitute x & y to get c b. slope = dx = -2 at x = 1. Substitute these
2
2 = (-1) – 5(-1) + c values to the second equation.
c = -4 2
-2 = 1 + c1(1) + c2
*then substitute c & x to y = x2 – 5x + c
2 c1 + c2 = -3
y = (4) – 5(4) + (-4)
y = -8 2
dy
dx = 2x + c1
2
2. Find the equation of the curve if the slope at pt (2,3)
2x + 1 0 = 2 + c1`
is given by 2y - 3 . c1 = -2
*substitute c1to the other equations to get the
dy 2x + 1 other 2 constants
slope = dx = 2y - 3  (2y – 3)dy = (2x + 1)dx
14
c1= -2, c2 = -1 and c3 = 3
∫ (2y – 3)dy = ∫ (2x + 1)dx
2 2 *substitute these values to the last equation
y – 3y = x + x + c 3
*substitute pt (2,3) x 2 14
2 2 y= 3 –x –x+ 3
3 – 3(3) = 2 + 2 + c
c = -6
2 2 2
Equation: y – 3y = x + x – 6 (hyperbola) 4. Find the area under the parabola y = 8 – x – 2x,
above the x-axis.
dy
3 *complete the square
2
3. If at any point (x,y) on a curve dx3 = 2 and (1,3) is the x + 2x + __ = 8 – y + __
2
x + 2x + 1 = 9 – y
pt. of inflection at which the slope of the inflectional 2
(x + 1) = –(y – 9)
tangent line is -2, find the equation of the curve. *it is a parabola the opens
3
dy downward
dx = 2
3
V (-1,9)
2
d d y 
dx dx  = 2
2
dA = (yA – yB)dx
2
ddx2  = 2dx
dy *dx = xLEFT – xRIGHT
2
  dA = (8 – x – 2x)dx
2
∫dA = ∫ (8 – x2 – 2x)dx
∫ ddx2  = ∫2dx
dy
3
x 2
2
dy A = 8x – 3 – x + c
dx = 2x + c1
2

On the x-axis, y = 0.
d dy  *substitute y in y = 8 – x2 – 2x
dx dx  = 2x + c1
2
0 = 8 – x – 2x
2
x + 2x – 8 = 0
ddx  = (2x + c1)dx
dy
  (x + 4) (x – 2) = 0

∫ ddx  = ∫(2x + c1)dx

dy
When x = -4, A = 0
*0 yung area pag x = -4 kasi hindi wala pang area na
dy 2 nabubuo sa point na yun.
dx = x + c1x + c2 x3
*Substitute these values to A = 8x – 3 – x2 + c
3
2
dy = (x + c1x + c2)dx (-4) 2
0 = 8(-4) – 3 – (-4) + c
∫dy = ∫ (x2 + c1x + c2)dx 80
3 2
x c1x c= 3
y = 3 + 2 + c2x + c3

80
SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS: When x = 2, and c = 3
a. (1,3) is a point on a curve. So we substitute it x3
to the last equation. *Substitute these values to A = 8x – 3 – x2 + c. We
did this again tapos with x = 2 kasi may area nang
 macocover sa point na yun .
∫ ds = ∫ (-32t + c1)dt
2
2
3
2 80
s = -16t + c1t + c2
A = 8(2) – 3 – 2 + 3 = 36 sq. units

5. An art collector purchased for $1000 a painting by an

artist whose works are currently increasing with When t = 0 and s = 0
*substitute these values to s = -16t2 + c1t + c2
respect to the time according to the formula 2
0 = -16(0) + c1(0) + c2
du 2/3
c2 = 0
dt = 5t + 10t + 50
where u dollars is the anticipated value of the *Substitute c1 and c2 to s = -16t2 + c1t + c2
painting in t years after its purchase. If this formula 2
s = -16t + 10t + 0
is used for the next 6 years, what is its anticipated
value 4 years from now? When s = -150
du 2/3 *Substitute s to s = -16t2 + 10t + 0. Negative yung s
dt = 5t + 10t + 50 kasi opposite siya ng initial direction
2
-150 = -16t + 10t
∫ du = ∫ (5t2/3 + 10t + 50)dt 2
16t – 10t – 150 = 0
5/3
5t 2 *get t by using the quadratic formula
u = 5 + 5t + 50t + c
t = 3.4 seconds
3 *you will get 2 answers here. ‘yung isa negative.
5/3 2 Siyempre, ineneglect natin ‘yung negative dahil
u = 3t + 5t + 50t + c
bawal maging nega ‘yung time 
u 1000 ?
0 4 ds
t 2
Differentiate s = -16t + 10t to get dt /the velocity
When u = 1000 and t = 0. ds
*Substitute to u = 3t5/3 + 5t2 + 50t + c
dt = -32t + 10
c = 1000
When t = 3.4.
When t = 4 and c = 1000
*Substitute to u = 3t 5/3 2
+ 5t + 50t + c
v = -32(3.4) + 10
u = $1,286.89 v = -98.8 ft/s
*Again, it is negative kasi opposite siya nung initial
direction
6. A woman in a hot air balloon dropped her binoculars
150ft above the ground and is rising at the rate of DEFINITE INTEGRAL
10ft/s. (a) How long will it take the binoculars to
PROPERTIES:
reach the ground? (b) With what speed will it strike
the ground? b b
1. f(x)dx = - f(x)dx
dv 2 a a
a = g = dt = -32ft/s
- interchanging the limits changes the sign of the
*negative yung
integral
acceleration/gravity kasi
opposite siya ng b c b
direction ng velocity ng 2. f(x)dx = f(x)dx + f(x)dx
a a c
hot air balloon
dv - The interval of integration may be broken down
dt = -32 to any number of subintervals and the integration
performed over each interval separately
∫ dv = ∫ -32dt
v = -32t + c1 b c b
3. f(x)dx = f(t)dt + f(z)dz
s = vot + a a c
2
at - The definite integral of an integrand is
When t = 0 and v = 10ft/s ds independent of the variable of integrations
*substitute these values v = dt
to v = -32t + c1 EXAMPLES:
dv
10 = -32(0) + c1 a = g = dt
c1= 10 1.
2 5x2 + 1 x – 1  dx
-1  3 2
3 2
5x 1 2 1
ds
v = dt = -32t + c1 3 +6x –2x ]
−1
 *substitute 2 and -1 sa mga x. Subtract the lower -3
1 u
number from the upper number.
2 ▪ -3 + c
5 3 3 1 2 2 1
1
3 (2 – (-1) ) + 6 (2 – (-1) ) - 2 (2+1) ─6(2x - 7)3 + c

5 1 1 28
3 (8 + 1) + 6 (4 – 1) - 2 (2+1) = 2 = 14

2.
3
1 x +1
dx
3. ∫ tdt
2
4t + 9
0 x+1
2
1 (x + 1)(x - 2x + 1)
∫ (4t2 + 9)-1/2tdt
2
u = 4t + 9
0 x+1
1 du = 8tdt
2
(x – 2x + 1)dx du
0
3 1 8 = tdt
x
2 ─ x
2
+ x
0
] 1
n = -2
1 3 2 5
* diba sa orig na formula it’s (4t2 + 9)-1/2tdt so diba u = (4t2 + 9)-1/2
3 (1 – 0) – (1 – 0) + (1 – 0) = 6
tapos after that yung tdt. trinanspose natin yung 8 to the other side to
follow the general formula na undu. Diba nakuha nating du nung una is
8tdt. Para maging tdt lang which is yung nasa original formula, linipat
yung 8. Pero gagawin siyang constant or “preparation” sa integration.
THE GENERAL POWER FORMULA 1 -1/2
8 ∫u du
∫u dun
1 u
1/2
 if n ≠ -1: 8 1 +c
▪
n+1
u 2
∫undu = n + 1 +c
1 2
 if n = -1: 4 4t + 9 + c
∫undu = lnu + c

1. ∫ (x + 1) dx 2 4. ∫ e dt
4t 2t
e +2 +1
2t

u=x+1

∫ u2du
du = dx
∫ e dt
2t
2t

(e + 1)
2

u
3 ∫ (e2t + 1)-2e2tdt
3 +c n = -2
(x + 1)
3 u = e2t + 1
3 +c
du = 2e2tdt
du
1 3 2 2 = e2tdt
3 (x + 3x + 3x + 1) + c 1
2 ∫ u du
-2
1 3 2 1
3x +x +x+3+c 1 u
-1

2 -1 + c
▪

2. ∫ dx
(2x - 7)
4
1
─ 2e2t + 1 + c

∫ (2x – 7)-4dx
u = 2x – 7
du = 2dx 5. ∫ (y
y
4/3
1/3

+ 9) dy
2

du
2 = dx ∫ (y4/3 + 9)-2y1/3dy
4/3
*trinanspose yung 2 sa other side para maging equal yung value u=y +9
ng du sa original formula. Pero yung 2 na trinanspose aka yung 4 1/3
1 1 du = 3 y dy
2 , gagawin mong constant. so if you like, hide 2 , du = dx. So it
still follows the original formula na ∫und. Pag hindi ‘to nagets 3 1/3
explain ko sa other examples. =))) 4 du = y dy
1
2 ∫ u-4du
 3 10
1 x - 1 -3dx
4 ∫ u du
-2
9.
8 4 
-1 n = -3
3 u
1
4 ▪ -1 + c u=4x–1
3 1
─ 4(y4/3 + 9) + c du = 4 dx
4du = dx
6. ∫ (1 + 2e3x)e3xdx -3
4 u du
3x -2
u = 1 + 2e 4u
3x
du = 6e dx -2
du 3x 10
6 = e dx
2
─ u2 = ─ 1
2
(4 x - 1)
2
] 8
1
6 ∫ u du
1
2 2 10
2 ─ 1 + 1 = 9
1 u (4 (10) - 1)
2
(4 (8) - 1)
2

6 2 +c
▪
3x 2
(1 + 2e )
12 +c
 
EXAMPLES when
 ∫ du
u or u
-1
du = lnu + c :

7. ∫ x
x
3/4
+9
1/4 dx

n=2
1 1. ∫ sec5θtan5θ
3 + 2sec5θ dθ
u=x +9
3/4 u = 3 + 2sec5θ
3 -1/4 du = 2(5)sec5θtan5θ dθ
du = 4 x dx du
4 dx 10 = sec5θtan5θ dθ
3 du = x 1 du
1/4

4 10 ∫ u
3 ∫ u du
1/2
1
4 2 2/3 10 lnu + c
3▪3u +c 1
8 3/4 10 ln(3 + 2sec5θ) + c
2/3
9 (x + 9) + c

8. ∫ (6cos x + sin x)
2 2 1/2
sinxcosx dx
2. ∫ dx
x+ x
1 *factor x + x for it to be x ( x + 1)
n=2
2 2
u = 6cos x + sin x
d(cosx) d(sinx)
∫ dx
x ( x + 1)
du = 6[2cosx ▪ dx ] + 2cosx ▪ dx u= x+1
du = 6 [2cosx(-sinx)]dx + 2sinxcosxdx dx
du =
du = -12sinxcosxdx + 2sinxcosxdx 2 x
du = -10sinxcosxdx dx
du 2du =
─10 = sinxcosxdx x
du
1
─10 ∫ u du
1/2
∫
2 u = 2lnu + c
2ln( x + 1) + c
1 2 3/2
─10 ▪ 3 u + c
1 2 2 3/2
3. ∫ secxdx
─15 (6cos x + sin x) + c secx + tanx
∫ secxdx ▪ secx + tanx
 2
secxtanx + sec x EXPONENTIAL FUNCTION
∫ secx + tanx dx
1
u = secx + tanx
2
∫ audu = lna au + c
du = (secxtanx + sec x)dx
du ∫ eudu = eu + c
∫ u = ln(secx + tanx) + c
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
x
4.
ln2 e dx
x
1. ∫ sin u du = – cos u + c
0 1 + 3e
u = 1 + 3e
x 2. ∫ cos u du = sin u + c
x
du = 3e dx 3. ∫ tan u du = ln sec u + c
du x = – ln cos u + c
3 = e dx
*change the limits. To do that, substitute sa limits sa mga x sa
4. ∫ cot u du = ln sin u + c
x ln2
equation ng u which is 1 + 3e . when x = ln2, e = 2. So 1 + 3(2) = = – ln csc u + c
7. And when x = 0, it’s going to be e0 = 1. So 1 + 3(1) = 4. 5. ∫ sec u du = ln(sec u + tan u ) + c
x ln2 0
7 4 6. ∫ csc u du = ln(csc u – cot u) + c
u
7. ∫ sec2u du = tan u + c
1 du
3 u ∫ 8. ∫ csc2u du = –cot u + c
1 7 9. ∫ sec u tan u du = sec u + c
x
3 ln(1 + 3e ) ] 4 10. ∫ csc u cot u du = –csc u + c
1
3 [ln7 – ln4] EXAMPLES:
1 7 1. ∫ sin4xdx
3 ln4 u = 4x
du = 4dx
du

5. ∫ 3
x - 2x + 5
x - 3 dx 1
4 = dx

*when the degree/exponent of the numerator is higher than the 4 ∫ sin u du

denominator, divide.
1
∫ (x2 + 3x + 7 + x - 3 )dx
26 4 (-cos u du) + c
3 2 1
x 3x ─ 4 cos4x + c
3 + 2 + 7x + 26∫ (x – 3) dx
-1

3 2
x 3x
3 2 + 7x + 26ln(x – 3)
+
2. ∫ tan x
x
dx
-2 y+2 u= x
6. y + 4y dy
2
1
-3
2 du = dx
u = y + 4y 2 x
du = (2y + 4)dy dx
2du =
du x
2 = (y + 2)dy
2∫ tan u du = 2lnsec u + c
*change limits
x -3 -2 2ln(sec x ) + c
-3 -4
u
3. ∫ e2xcos e2x dx
−4 u = e2x
1 -2 du 1
2 -3 u = 2 ln |u| ] −3 du = 2e2x dx
1
2du = e2x dx
2 [ ln|-4| - ln|-3|]
1 4 1
2 ln3 2 ∫ cos u du
1 2x
2 sin e + c
 u = tany
2
du = sec y
TRIGONOMETRIC TRANSFORMATIONS tan512 x tan712 x 
2∫ (u + u )du = 2 5 + 7  +c
4 6
I. ∫ sinmx cosnx dx  
where m or n is a positive odd integer
tools: change the one w/ odd powers b. Where n is a positive odd integer
2 2 2 2
sin x = 1 – cos x tools: tan x = sec x – 1
2 2 2 2
cos x = 1 – sin x cot x = csc x – 1
Ex: Ex:
∫ sin52x cos42x dx ∫ tan53x sec33x dx
y = 2x y = 3x
dy = 2dx dy
dy 3 = dx
2 = dx 1
3 ∫ tan y sec y dy
5 3
1
2 ∫ sin y cos y dy
5 4

1
3 ∫ tan y sec y tany secy dy
4 2
1
2 ∫ sin y cos y siny dy
4 4

1
3 ∫ (sec y – 1) sec y tany secy dy
2 2 2
1
2 ∫ (sin ) cos y siny dy
2 2 4

1
3 ∫ (sec y – 2sec y + 1) sec y tany secy dy
4 2 2
1
2 ∫ (1 – cos y) cos y siny dy
2 2 4

1
3 ∫ (sec y – 2sec y + sec y) tany secy dy
6 4 2
1
2 ∫ (1 – 2cos y + cos y) cos y siny dy
2 4 4

u = secy
1 du = tany secy dy
2 ∫ (cos y – 2cos y + cos y) siny dy
4 6 8
1
3 ∫ (u – 2u + u )du
6 4 2

7 5 3
*integrate each term. so their n’s sa un would be 4, 6, and 1 sec 3x 2sec 3x sec 3x 
8 respectively. 3 7 – 5 + 3 +c
u = cosy
du = -siny dy
n+1
n u
So we’ll be using the form ∫u = n + 1 for each term. And

1
substitute 2x to y na ulit. ∫  1 + sinθ  2
cosθ  dθ
2 ∫ (u – 2u + u ) siny dy
4 6 8

–2  5 –
5 7
1 cos 2x 2cos 2x cos 2x 
–
9 ∫ 1 + 2sinθ + sin θ
2
cos θ dθ
2

 7 9 +c

–2 cos 2x5 –
1 5
 7
2
–
4
1 2cos 2x cos 2x 
9 +c
∫ 1
cos θ dθ +
2 ∫
2sinθ
∫
sin θ
cos θ dθ + cos θ dθ
2 2
2

sinθ
∫ sec2θ dθ + 2∫ secθ ▪ cosθ dθ + ∫ tan2θ dθ
II. ∫ sec x tan x dx or ∫ csc x cot x dx
m n m n

2tan θ + 2∫ secθ tanθ dθ + ∫ (sec θ – 1) dθ

2 2
a. Where m is positive even integer
2 2
2tan θ + 2secθ + ∫ sec θ dθ – ∫dθ
2 2
tools: sec x = 1 + tan x
2 2 2
csc x = 1 + cot x 2tan θ + 2secθ + tanθ – θ + c
Ex:
1 1
III. ∫ tan x dx or cot x dx
n n
∫ tan42 x sec42 x dx
where n is an integer
1 2 2
y=2x tools: tan x = sec x – 1
2 2
2dy = dx cot x = csc x – 1
a. n is a positive even integer
2∫ tan y sec y dy
4 4
EX:
2∫ tan y sec y sec y dy
4 2 2
∫ tan6x dx
2∫ tan y (1 + tan x) sec y dy
4 y 2
∫ tan4x ▪ tan2x dx
2∫ (tan y + tan y) sec y dy
4 6 2
∫ tan4x (sec2x – 1) dx
 ∫ (tan4x sec2x – tan4x) dx IV. ∫ sin x cos x dx
m n

*step by step nating i-solve each part, okay? So we’ll start where m & n are positive even integers
4 2
with ∫tan x sec x 1
tools: sinx cosx = 2 sin2x
∫ tan x sec x dx
4 2

2 1
u = tanx sin x = 2 (1 – cos2x)
2
du = sec x dx
2 1
∫ u4du cos x = 2 (1 + cos2x)
5 5
u tan x Ex:
5 = 5
4
∫ sin23x cos23x dx
*next is –∫ tan x dx y = 3x
–∫ tan x dx
4
dy = 3dx
dy
–∫ tan x ▪ tan x dx
2 2
3 = dx
–∫ tan x(sec x – 1) dx
2 2
1
3 ∫ sin y cos y dx
2 2

–∫ (tan x sec x – tan x) dx

2 2 2
1
3 ∫ (siny cosy) dx
2 2 n 2
*it’s possible na to integrate tan x sec x. Use ∫u du. And
distribute the negative sign so magiging positive yung
2 1 1 2
3 ∫ (4 sin 2y)dy
tan x.
3
tan x
+ ∫ tan x dx
2
– 3 1
12 ∫ sin 2ydy
2
3
tan x
+ ∫ (sec x – 1) dx
2
– 3 1 1
3
tan x 12 ∫ 2 (1 – cos4y)dy
+ ∫ sec x dx – ∫dx
2
– 3 1 1
3
tan x 24 ∫ dy – 24 ∫ cos4ydy
– 3 + tan x – x 1 1
*combine na the two parts. So the final answer would be: 24 [y – 4 sin4y] + c
5
tan x tan x
3 1 1
5 – 3 + tanx – x + c 24 [3x – 4 sin12x] + c

b. n is a positive odd integer ∫ sin2x cos4x dx

EX:
∫ sin2x cos2x cos2x dx
∫ tan5x dx
∫ (sinx cosx)2 cos2x dx
∫ tan3x ▪ tan2x dx 1
∫ tan3x(sec2x – 1) dx ∫ (2 sin2x)2cos2x dx
1
∫ tan3x sec2x dx – ∫ tan3x dx 4 ∫ sin 2x cos x dx
2 2
n
*pwede na ma-integrate yung first term using u du so
3
we’ll focus on the second term which is tan xdx 1
8 ∫ (1 – cos4x) cos x dx
2
4
tan x
4 – ∫ tan x ▪ tanx dx
2
1 1
8 ∫ cos x dx – 8 ∫ cos4x cos x dx
2 2
4
tan x
4 – ∫ tanx(sec x – 1) dx
2
1 1 1 1
tan x
4 8 ∫ 2 (1 + cos2x) dx – 8 ∫ cos4x ▪ 2 (1 + cos2x) dx
4 – ∫ (tanx sec x – tanx) dx
2
1 1
4 16 ∫ (1 + cos2x) dx – 16 ∫ (cos4x + cos2x cos4x) dx
tan x
4 – ∫ (tanx sec x) dx – ∫ tanx dx
2
1 1 1 1
4 2
tan x tan x 16 (x + 2 sin2x) – 16 ∫ cos4x dx – 16 ∫ (cos2x cos4x) dx
4 – 2 – ln(secx) + c 1 1 1 1 1
16 (x + 2 sin2x) – 16 ▪ 4 sin4x – 16 ∫ (cos2x(1 – 2sin 2x) dx
2

1 1 1 1
16 (x + 2 sin2x) – 64 sin4x – 16 ∫ (cos2x – 2sin 2x cos2x) dx
2

1 1 1 1 1
16 (x + 2 sin2x) – 64 sin4x – 16 ∫ cos2x dx – 16 ▪ 2∫ sin 2x
2

*use u = sin2x, du = 2cos2x dx cos2x dx

 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
16 (x + 2 sin2x) – 64 sin4x – 16 ▪ 2 sin2x – 8 ▪ 2 ∫ u du
2 1
2 [ 12 sin2(π4 ) + 41 sin4(π4 ) – 21 sin2(0) + 14 sin4(0) ]
3
1 1 1 1 1 u 1
16 x + 32 sin2x – 64 sin4x – 32 sin2x – 16 3 + c
▪
2 [ 12 (1) + 14 (0)] – 0 = 41
3
1 1 1 1 1 u
16 x + 32 sin2x – 64 sin4x – 32 sin2x – 16 3 + c
▪ π
3
1 1 1 1 1 4. sinx sin2x sin3x dx
3 0
16 x + 32 sin2x – 64 sin4x – 32 sin2x – 48 sin 2x + c 1
2 ∫ sinx[cos(2x – 3x) – cos(2x + 3x)] dx
1
V.∫ sin ax sin bx dx 2 ∫ sinx[cosx – cos5x] dx
1
∫ sinmx cosnx dx 2 ∫ (sinx cosx – sinx cos5x) dx
*for sinx cosx, u = sinx, du = cosxdx. So the formula
∫ sinmx cosnx dx you’ll use would be ∫undu.
2
1 sin x 1 1
2 ▪ 2 – 2 ∫ 2 [sin(x – 5x) + sin(x + 5x)] dx
1
tools: sinα sinβ = 2 *cos(α ─ β) – cos(α + β)]
2
sin x 1
1 4 – 4 ∫ (-sin4x + sin6x) dx
cosα cosβ = 2 *cos(α ─ β) + cos(α + β)+ 2
sin x 1 1
1 4 + 4 ∫ sin4x dx – 4 ∫ sin6x dx
sinα cosβ = 2 *sin(α ─ β) + sin(α + β)+ 2
π
3
sin x 1 1 9
EX: 4 + 16 cos4x – 24 cos6x ] 0
= 32

1. ∫ sin4x sin7x dx
1 INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
2 ∫ [cos(4x – 7x) – cos(4x + 7x)] dx
1
2 ∫ [cos(–3x) – cos(11x)] dx
1. ∫ du
2
a ─u
-1 u
2 = Sin a + c

1
2 ∫ (cos3x – cos11x) dx 2. ∫ du 1 -1u
a + u = a Tan a + c
2 2

1 1 1
2 [ 3 sin3x – 11 sin11x] + c
3. ∫ du
2
u u ─a
1 -1 u
2 = a Sec a + c

2. ∫ cos7x sin4x dx Examples:

*let α = 4x and β = 7x
1
2 ∫ [sin(4x – 7x) + sin(4x + 7x)] dx
1
1. ∫ dx
25 + 64x
2

2 ∫ [sin(–3x) + sin(11x)] dx
1 ∫ 2
dx
(5) + (8x)
2 a=5 u = 8x
du
8 = dx
2 ∫ (–sin3x + sin11x) dx
1 1 1
2 [3 cos3x – 11 cos11x] + c
1
∫
8 a +u
2
du
2

1 1 -1 8x
π 8 ▪ 5 Tan 5 + c
4
3. cosx cos3x dx 1 -1 8x
40 Tan 5 + c
0
1
2 ∫ [cos(x – 3x) + cos(x + 3x)] dx
1
2 ∫ (cos2x + cos4x) dx
π
4
1 1 1
[
2 2 sin2x + 4 sin4x ] 0
2. ∫ dx
9 ─ 4x
2 ∫ du
2
a ─u
2
du
3
= dx

Sin  4  + c
1 -1 3x + 1
∫ 2
dx
(3) ─ (2x)
2 a=3 u =2x
du
2 = dx
3  

1
2∫ du
2
a ─u
2 6. ∫ 2
dx
5x - 4x + 2
1 -12x
2 Sin 3 + c
∫ 2
dx
4 4
(5x - 4x + 5 ) + (2 - 5 )

3. ∫ 2
sec x dx
2
50 ─ sec x ∫ dx
a=
2
u= 5x─
2

( 5x─
2 2
) +  6 2 5 5

∫ sec x dx
2

2
50 ─ (1 + tan x)
5  5 

∫ 2
sec x dx
∫ 2
du
a +u
2
du
5
= dx
2

 
49 ─ tan x 5x - 2
1 5 5
∫  +c
2 -1
sec x dx ▪ Tan
a = 7 u =tanx du = sec2x dx 5 6 6
 
2 2
(7) ─ (tanx)
5
Sin  7  + c
-1 tanx
  1 -15x - 2
Tan +c
6 6

4. ∫ dx
21 - 4x + x
2
7. ∫ dx
2
*add and subtract 4 para maging perfect square yung x – 4x 2
x 9x - 25
3

∫ dx
2
21 + 4 ─ (x ─ 4x + 4)
*multiply the whole equation to 3 para maging 3x
yung x na nasa baba.
*nakalagay sa equation, + 4 sa pareho, kasi yung
second na 4, negative siya pag dinitribute yung nega ∫ 3dx
2
3x (3x) - (5)
2 a=5 u = 3x
du
3 = dx

∫ dx
25 ─ (x ─ 2)
2 a=5 u=x–2 du = dx
∫ du
2 2
u u ─a
Sin  5  + c
-1 x ─ 2
  1 -13x
5 Sec 5 + c

5. ∫ dx
5 - 2x - 3x
2 8.
1

0
(x + 1)dx
2
x +1
b2
*to get c in ax2 + bx + c, get the value of 4a . so in this
22 1
formula c = 4(3) = 3
∫ 2
x
x + 1 dx + ∫ 1
dx
x +1
2

x
*For x2 + 1 :

∫ 1 2
dx
1 u = x2 + 1
du
2 = xdx
5 + 3 ─ (3x + 2x + 3 )

∫ ∫ du
u +
dx

∫
1 2
dx x +1
4  2 ─ ( 3 x + 1 )2 dx
*For x1 + 12 :
 3  3 u=x a=1 du = dx
4 1

∫ ∫
a= u = 3x+
3 3 1 du du
u +
2 2
2 u +a
 1 du = 2x – 4
1
2 ln(x
2
+ 1) + Tan
-1
x ]
1 2 2
0

-1 -1
2 [(ln1 + 1) – (ln0 +1)] + [Tan 1 – Tan 0]
∫
5 du
2 ∫
dx
2 u + 8 (x - 4x + 4) + (20 - 4)

1 π
2 [ln2 – ln1] + [4 - 0]
5 2 dx
∫
2 ln(x – 4x + 20) + 8 (x - 2) + (4)
2 2

1 π a=4 u = x – 2 du = dx
2 ln2 + 4
5 2
2 ln(x – 4x + 20) + 8 a + u
2
du
2∫
6
5 1 -1x - 2 
9.
e dy
2
2
2 ln(x – 4x + 20) + 8 ▪ 4 Tan  4  ] 2
1 y(1 + ln y)
5 -1 -1
2 [ln32 – ln16] + 2 [Tan 1 – Tan 0]
∫ 2
dy
2
y(1 + (lny) ) a=1 u = lny
dy
du = y
5 32 π
2 ln16 + 2 ▪ 4
∫ 2
du
a +u
2 5 π
2 ln2 + 2
e
-1
Tan (lny)
1
] 2
-1 -1
Tan (lne) – Tan (ln1) (3x + 1)dx
12. 2 u = 3 + 2x – x2 du = (2 – 2x)dx
-1 -1
Tan 1 – Tan 0 1 3 + 2x - x
π *divide the numerator by du. Yung ginawa
sa previous numbahhh
4
3
─2 (-2x + 2) + 4
10.
4 dy ∫ 3 + 2x - x
2 dx
2 y y─1

∫ dy
2 2
3
─2 ∫ -2x + 2
3 + 2x - x
2 dx + 4 ∫ dx
3 + 2x - x
2

y ( y) ─1 u = 3 + 2x – x2 du = (2 – 2x)dx
*Diba u = y . So yung y sa labas, ihiwalay mo para

maging
1
y
. Para yung form maging
du
3
─2 ∫u
-1/2
du + 4 ∫ dx
2
(3 + 1) - (x - 2x + 1)
y u u2 ─ a2

u= y 2du =
dy
y
3 2u
─2 ▪ 1 + 4
1/2
∫ dx
2
(2) - (x - 1)
2

2∫ du
2
u u ─a
2 – 3 3 + 2x - x + 4
2 du
2
a ─u
2∫
4 2
– 3 3 + 2x - x + 4 Sin  2 
-1 x - 1
2 Sec
-1
y ] 2
2
  ] 1

2 [Sec
-1
4 ─ Sec
-1
2] π
*─3 3 – (-6)] + 4[ 6 ─ 0+
π π π 2π
2 [ 3 ─ 4 ] = 12 6-3 3+ 3

2 dx
6 (5x - 2)dx 13.
11. 2 1 (x + 1) 2x(x + 2)
2 x - 4x + 20

∫
2
*let u = x – 4x + 2z and du = (2x – 4)dx dx
*divide the numerator by the derivative of the *linabas lang yung 2
denominator. Then follow this: (x + 1)( 2 ) x(x + 2)
5

∫ 2 (2x - 4) + 8
2
x - 4x + 20
1
2
∫ 2
dx
(x + 1) x + 2x + 1 - 1

5
2∫ (2x - 4)dx
2
2
2
dx
x - 4x + 200 + 8 x - 4x + 200 ∫ 1
2
∫ dx
2
(x + 1) (x + 1) - 1
2 u=x+1 du = dx a=1

u = x – 4x + 200
 1
∫
2 u u ─a
du
2 2 ∫ (x
2 9
dx
9
- 3x + 4 ) - (10 + 4 )
2
1 -1
Sec (x + 1) ]
1
2 1
∫ (x -
dx
3 2 49
3
u=x-2 du = dx
7
a=2
2) - 4
-1 -1
[Sec 3 – Sec 2]
2
1
2
-1 π
[Sec 3 – 3 ] ∫ du
2
u -a
2

3 7
(x - 2 ) - 2
ADDITIONAL FORMULAS: 1
7 ln | (x - 3 7 |+c
2 1
1. ∫ u ± a du = 2 { u u ±a ± a ln |u + u ±a |} + c
2 2 2 2 2 2 2)+2

1
| xx +- 52 | + c
2. ∫ du
2
u ±a
2 = ln|u + u ±a |} + c
2 2 7 ln

1 dx
a ─ u du = 2 { u a ─ u + a Sin  a  } + c
1 -1 u
3. ∫ 2 2 2 2 2
 
4.
0 2-x
2

4. ∫ du 1
u - a = 2a ln
2 2 | uu +- aa | + c ∫ dx
2
( 2) -x
2 u=x du = dx a= 2

5. ∫ du 1
a - u = 2a ln
2 2 | uu +- aa | + c ∫ 2
du
a -u
2

EXAMPLES: 2 2
1
| x+ 2
ln
x- 2
|] 1

[ ln| | ─ ln| |]
1 1+ 2 0+ 2
1. ∫ xdx
4
9x - 1
2 2 1- 2 0- 2

[ ln| |─ |ln1| ]
1 1+ 2

∫ xdx
2 2
(3x ) - 1
2 u = 3x
2 du
6 = xdx a=1
2 2 1- 2

ln| |
1 1+ 2
1
6 ∫ du
2
u ±a
2
2 2

4
1- 2

1 2
5. 25 - x dx a=5 u=x du = dx
6 ln|3x + 9x - 1 | + c
2 4
3
∫ 2
a ─ u du
2

4
1 -1 x 
]
∫
2
{ x 25 - x + 25 Sin }
2. 2
dx 2 5  3
x +x+1 1 -1 
4 -13 
2 { [12 + 25 Sin 5  ] – [12 + 25 Sin 5 
∫ 2
dx
1
x + x + 4 + (1 - 4 )
1
25 -14  -13 
2 [ Sin 5  – Sin 5  ]
*diba yung notation na “Sin-1(x)” means ANGLE yung

∫ dx
1 3
1
a=x+2 du = dx a= 2
3
4 -1 3
π
value niya? Like, “Sin-1(1)” = 90 or 2 . So let’s represent

(x + 2 )2 + ( 2 )2 Sin-1 ( ) = θ and Sin ( ) = β.

5 5

25
∫ du
2
u ±a
2
2 (θ – β)
*recall the identity sin(θ – β) = sinθcosβ – cosθsinβ. Draw
1 4
ln|(x + 2 + x + x + 1 | + c
2 ka ng triangle of each angle. Since sin function yung 5 at
3 opposite
5 , ile-label mo yung numbers na yan sa hypotenuse . So
the triangles would look like
3. ∫ 2
dx
x - 3x - 10
this:
 sin(θ – β) = sinθcosβ – cosθsinβ
8. ∫ 2x - 3
2 dx u = x2 + x + 2 du = (2x + 1)dx
sin(θ – β) = 5  5  – 5  5 
4 4 3 3 x +x+2
       *divide the numerator by du. Yung method na ginawa before

sin(θ – β) = 25
7
*note that we’re only getting (θ – β)
∫ (2x - 1) - 4
2
x +x+2
dx

(θ – β) = Sin 25 
-1 7
 
25 -1 7 
∫ (2x - 1)
2
x +x+2
dx ─ 4 ∫ 2
dx
1 1
2 Sin 25  (x + x + 4 ) + (2 - 4 )

6.
π
4 cos2x
dx
1
a=4
du
u = sin2x 2 = cos2xdx
∫ u
-1/2
du ─ 4 ∫ du
2
u -a
2
π 2 1 1
12 sin 2x - 16 2
2(x + x + 2)
1/2
– 4 ln|(x + 2 ) + x + x + 2 |} + c
2

1
∫ 2 x + x + 2 ─ 4 ln|(x + 2 ) + x + x + 2 |} + c
2 2
1 du
2 2
2 u -a
1 π e^3
sin2x - 4 4 lnx du lnx
1 1
2 ▪ 1 ln
2(4 )
| sin2x + | ] 1 π
9.
e^2 x(ln x - 1) dx
4 u = ln2x 2 = x dx a=1

sin2 4  - 4
π 1
4

sin212  - 4
π 1
12
1
2 ∫ du
2
u -a
2

ln |  
sin24  + 4
π 1
─ ln | |  
sin212  + 4
π 1
| 1 1
| lnln xx +- 11 |]
2 ▪ 2 ln
2
2
e^3

    𝑒^2

1 ln e - 1 
2 3 2 2

4 ln | ln e + 1 |─ ln | ln e + 1 |
ln e - 1
sin2  - 4 sin6  - 4  
π 1 π 1
2 3 2 2

ln |  
sin 2  + 4
π
─ ln| |  
sin 6  + 4
π
| 3 2

4 [ ln| 3 + 1 |─ ln | 2 + 1 |]
1 1 1 3 -1 2 -1
    3 2

 34   14  1 4 3 1 4
ln 5  ─  3  4 [ ln5 ─ ln5 ] = 4 ln3
   
4  4 
ln5  ─ ln3  ∫
3 1 1
    10. 1 + x dx
9
ln5
∫ x+1
( x)
2 dx

7. ∫ 6y + 1
9y - 6y - 3 dy
2 u = 9y2 – 6y – 3 du = (18y – 6)dy ∫ 1
x
( x ) + 1 dx
2 2
u= x 2du =
dx
x
a=1
*divide the numerator by du. Yung method na ginawa before
2 ∫ u ± a du
2 2
1

∫ 3 (18y - 6) + 3
9y - 6y - 3 dy
2
1
2 { x ▪ x + 1 + ln | x + x + 1 |} + c
1
3∫ (18y - 6)dy
∫ dy
9y - 6y - 3 + 3 (9y - 6y + 1) - (3 + 1)
2 2
HYPERBOLIC FUNCTIONS

1. ∫ sinh u du = cosh u + c
1
3∫ du du
∫
u +3 u -a
2 2
du
u = 3y + 1 3 = dy a=2 2. ∫ cosh u du = sinh u + c
3. ∫ tanh u du = ln |cosh u | +c
1 2 3
3 ln(9y – 6y – 3) + 4 ln | 3y3y +- 31 | + c 4. ∫ coth u du = ln |sinh u | +c
5. ∫ sech2 u du = tanh u + c
6. ∫ csch2u du = –coth u + c
7. ∫ sech u tanh u du = –sech u + c
8. ∫ csch u coth u du = –csch u + c
EXAMPLE: *so diba infinity over infinity, so bawal yun. Babalik
tayo sa equation before this. Yung may b over b + 16.
Derive that.
∫ (sech 1 - t )(tanh 1 - t )
1-t
dx 1 

8 ln | 11 |─ ln | 171 |
dt *recall that ln1 = 0
u= 1-t ─2du =
1-t 1 1
─ 8 ln 17

∫
─2 sech u ▪ tanh u ▪ du
1
a
*recall that lnb = lna - lnb

─2(–sech u) + c ─ 8 [ln1 – ln17]

1 1
2sech 1 - t + c ─ 8 [–ln17] = 8 [ln17]

∞
IMPROPER INTEGRALS 2. xe
-x^2
dx
I. Integrals with infinite limits in the integrand 0
b
*in other words, isa or both a and b sa formula -x^2 du
b
limb∞ xe dx u = ─x2 ─ 2 = xdx
na a f(x)dx, infinity. 1
1 b
u
─2 e du
∞ b 1
f(x)dx = limb∞ f(x)dx b
─2 ex^2 
1 1
]
a a
b b  0

─2  eb^2 ─ e0 
f(x)dx = lima-∞ f(x)dx 1 1 1
-∞ a
∞ b
 
f(x)dx = lima-∞ and b∞ f(x)dx 1 1 1
-∞ ─2 ∞ ─ 1
a
 
1 1
NOTE: ─2 ▪ ─1 = 2
∞ 0
∞ & 0 = ‘pag ganyan yung situation, dun sa
∞ dx
equation/s kung sa’n naka substitute yung “b” or 3. 2
2 x +1
“a”, derive both the numerator and the
b du
denominator. Then you may start dividing limb∞ 2 2
1 1 u +a
∞=0 1
2a ln| | = 21 ln| xx +- 11 |]
u-a
u+a
b

2
EXAMPLES: 1 
2 ln| b + 1 |─ ln | 2 + 1 | 
b-1 2-1
∞ 2dy  
1. y(y + 16)
1 *so diba infinity over infinity, so derive the numerator
b 2dy and the denominator
limb∞ 2
1 
2
b
1
dy
y + 16y + 64 - 64

2 ln | 11 |─ ln | 13 |
(y + 8) - (8) a = 8 u=y+8 du = dy
2 2
1  1 
1

2  ─ ln | 3 |

∫ du
2
u -a
2
1 1 1 1
─ 2 ln 3 = ─ 2 [ln1 – ln3] = 2 ln3
1
2 ▪ 2(8) ln | yy ++ 88 +- 88 |
2 ▪ 2(8) ln | y + 16 |]
b
1 y
1

1  
8 ln| b + 16 |─ ln | 1 + 16 | 
b 1
 
1  1 
8 ln| ∞ |─ ln | 17 |
∞
 
 EXERCERISES
A. 1. A curve is such that y’’’ = 72x + 6
II. Integrals with infinite discontinuities in the integrand a. The curvature at any point (x,) on the curve: y’’= ______
*in other words, isa or both a and b sa formula b. The slop at any point (x,y) on the curve: y’ = _______
b
na a f(x)dx, pag sinubstitute sa f(x)dx, c. The general equation of the curve: y = _______
UNDEFINED yung lalabas.
If the curve has a critical point at (0,1) and the curve also
a) If f(x) increases numerically without limit as x  a, then
n n passes through (1,3):
f(x)dx = limam+ f(x)dx
m a d. The values of the constants of integration:
a) If f(x) increases numerically without limit as x  b, then c1 = ____ c2 = ____ c3 = ____
n b
e. At x = 1, y = _____ y’ = _____
f(x)dx = limbn- f(x)dx
m m
a) If f(x) increases numerically without limit as x  c, 2. A stone that was tossed upward with a velocity of 16ft/sec
a < c < b , (kumbaga yung point of discontinuity, from the top of a 96-ft high tower falls to the ground under
2
hindi given pero nasa gitna siya ng a and b) then, the influence of gravity only (g = 32ft /sec). Determine the
b c b equations of the motion of the stone as functions of time
f(x)dx = f(x)dx + f(x)dx (Show the evaluation of the constants of integration):
a a c
n b
= limnc- f(x)dx + limmc+ f(x)dx a. acceleration: a(t) = __________
a m b. velocity: v(t) = __________
c. displacement: s(t) = ___________
EXAMPLES: Based on the equations above, determine:
2 dx
1. d. time the stone takes before it hits the ground: t = ____s
0 x(2 - x) e. its velocity as it hits the ground: v = _____ft/s
*pag sinubstite both 0 & 2, magiging undefined yung 2
3. Determine the area bounded by the curve y = x – 3x + 2
sagot so ii-integrate both limits
b and the x-axis, from x = 0 to x = 2:
dx
lima0 and b2 2 a. A(x) = ___________________
a 1 - (x - 2x + 1) b. the intersections of the curve with the x-axis:
b du x1 = ____ x2 = ____
2 2
a a -u c. from x = 0 to x = x1 : c = ____ A = ____
b
d. from x = x1 to x = 2 : c = ____ A = ____
-1
Sin (x – 1)
𝑎
] e. total area from x = 0 to x = 2: AT = ______
-1 -1
Sin (b – 1) – Sin (a – 1) dy (lnx)
2
-1 -1
Sin (1) – Sin (-1) 4. Find the equation of the curve for which dx = x if the
π  π curve passes through (1,2).
2 ─ ─ 2  = π
* ─90° yung Sin-1(-1) instead of 180 kasi pag negative
yung value tas Arcsin yung hinahanap, clockwise mo
siya babasahin B. Evaluate:

1. ∫  2 x+
1
x
 2 dx


2.
2 dx
2/3
2. ∫ (x - 2)(5x + 1)
x
dx
0 (x - 1)
*If you substitute 0 & 2, the value will not be
undefined. But if you substitute 1, it will be undefined.
So you’ll apply the a < c < b rule.
3. ∫ 3 2
x + 2x + x dx

0
dx
(x - 1) +
2/3
2

1
dx
(x - 1)
2/3 4. ∫ 3
3x + 3x - 5
x-2 dx
b 2

∫
-2/3 -2/3 -2x
limb1- (x – 2) dx + lima1+ (x – 2) dx (x - e )
0 a 5. x + e dx
2 -2x
b 2
3(x – 1)
1/3
] + 3(x – 1)
1/3
]
∫
0 𝑎 2 26
1/3
3[ (b – 1) – (0 – 1) ] + 3[ (2 – 1) – (a – 1)
1/3 1/3 1/3
] (x + x )
1/3 1/3 1/3 1/3
6. (1 + 2x) dx
-1
3[ (1 – 1) – (– 1) ] + 3[ (1) – (1 – 1) ]
3+3=6
7. ∫ 2
(1 - 2x )(3 + lnx - x )
x dx
2 -1
8. ∫ xdx
(3π)
4x^2 dx 31. ∫ cos(tanx )
3

x cos x dx
-2 2 3

9. ∫ 3xex^2sin2ex^2 dx 32. ∫ x cosx2 (4sinx^2) dx

10. ∫ (1 + e )
x (x + e ) dx
-1 2 x^2
x^2
33. ∫ 2/3
(1 + 6x )
3 x + 6x dx
5/3

1 x-2/3 + 2x 
11. ∫ 3
1/3
x -1
2

-2 dx
34. ∫ (4 - tanx)
2 2 dx
cos x 4 - tan x
(x + x -1)
35. ∫ (sinx + tanx)2 dx
12. ∫ -1
(x + cosx)
cos (sinx + lnx) dx
2
36. ∫ dx
dx
x + 1 (x + 10)
13. ∫  2x ─ cos2x  csc (x – tanx) dx
1 2 2

3y y y
37. ∫ [ sin 2 + cos2 ] cos2 dx

14. ∫ 2 2
sinh (x - cosx)(2x + sinx)
2
sech(x - cosx) dx
38. ∫ p2(p3 + 3
5 )(p + 5 )
2.3 + ln4
dx

15. ∫ 3
x +x -3 x +5
dx
2 2 39. ∫ 3
sinx
cos x(2 + tan x) dx
2

x+1

16. ∫ 2x
40. ∫ 2 -1/2
(1 - 4x )
(Arccos2x) dx
-4

(3x + 2) dx
2
41. ∫ sin32x(1 + cos4x) dx
17. ∫ (2x-3 + 3x2 + x-1)2 dx 42. ∫ sin6x dx
18. ∫ e
e
(2x + 1)
(-5x - 2) dx

19. ∫ dx
2
x(1 + x )

20. ∫ x+6
(x + 2) dx
2

21. ∫ 7 - lnx
x(3 + lnx) dx
3 xdx
22. dx
1 4x - 3

23. ∫ cose
e
-3x dx
3x

24. ∫ cos3x
sin 3x dx
3

25. ∫ cotx
lnsinx dx

26. ∫ 2
csc y coty
1 + csc y dy
2

27. ∫ (2x + 1) 4x2 + 4x - 3 dx

28. ∫ sin2t 4 - cos2t dx
29. ∫ x cotx2 cscx2 dx

30. ∫ e
1 + 6e + 9e dx
2t 4t
2t
 2 2
16. 9 [ ln(3x + 2) + 3x + 2 ] + c
ANSWERS: 5
4 9x 1 4 2
A. 1. 17. ─ 5x5 + 5 ─ x + 12lnx ─ 3x3 + 3x + c
2
a. 36x + 6x + c1 1 7x + 3
3 2
b. 12x + 3x + c1x + c2 18. 7 e +c
2
4 3 c1x 1
c. 3x + x + 2 + c2x + c3 2
19. lnx ─ 2 ln(1 + x ) + c
d. c1 = -4 c2 = 0 c3 = 1 4
e. y = 3 y’ = 11 20. ln(x + 2) ─ x + 2
2. a. -32 21. 7ln(3 + lnx) ─ (3 + lnx) + 3ln(3 + lnx) + c
11
b. -32t + 16 22. 6
2
c. -16t + 16t 1 3x
23. 3 sin(e ) + c
d. 3 sec
1 1
e. -80ft/s 24. ─ 6 ▪ cos23x + c

x
3
3x
2 25. ln(ln sinx) + c
3. a. 3 ─ 2 + 2x + c 1 2
26. 2 ln(1 + csc y) + c
b. x1 = 1 x2 = 2 1 2 3/2
27. 6 (4x + 4x – 3) + c
5
c. c = 0 A=6 4 - cos2t
28. 3 +c
5 1 1
d. c = 6 A=6 29. ─2 cscx + c
2

2t
e. AT = 1 s.u. 30. ln(1 + 3e ) + c
3 1 3
(lnx ) 31. 3 sin(tanx )
4. y = 3 + 2
sinx^2
4
32. 2ln4 + c
B.
1/3
2 33. ln(x + 2x) + c
1. 2x + 4x + lnx + c
5/2 3/2 1/2 -1tanx 2
2. 2x – 6x – 4x + c 34. 4 Sin 4 ─ 4 - tan x + c
5/2 3/2
2x 2x
3. 5 + 3 +c 1 1
35. 2 [x - 2 sin2x] + tanx – x + 2ln(secx + tanx) – 2sinx + c
3 2
4. x + 3x + 15x + 25ln(x – 2) + c
1 2 -1 x + 1
5.
2 -2x 36. 3 Tan 3 +c
2 ln(x + e ) + c
(x + x )
2 27 1 1 y 1
37. ─ cosy – cos2y +
6. 27 + c 2 4 2 + 2 siny + c
2
7. ln(3 + lnx – x ) + c (p3 + 5 )4.3ln4
12.9 + 3ln4 + c
-4x^2 38.
1 (3π)
8. ─8 ln3π + c
1 2
2 ln(2 + tan x) + c
3 x^2 39.
9. ─4 cos2e + c
1
1 (Arccos2x)5
10.
2 x^2 40. ─2 +c
2 ln(x + e ) + c 5
3 5
1 1/3 cos 2x cos 2x
3 ─ 5 +c
2 3
11. 41.
3 (x + x - 1 ) + c
12. tan(sinx + lnx) + x 1 3 5 1 sin32x
42.
4 [ 2 x - 4 sin2x + 4 sin4x + 6 ]
2
13. ─cot(x – tanx) + c
3 2
sinh (x - cosx)
14. 3 +c
3
x
15. 3 ─ 3x + 8ln(x + 1) + c