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Bits 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Decimal Value 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
Decimal Mask NA 192 224 240 248 252 254 255
Binary Mask NA 11000000 11100000 11110000 11111000 11111100 11111110 11111111
# of Subnets 0 2 6 14 30 62 126 254
Subnet Breakout NA .64- .32- .16- .8- .4- .2- .1-
High/ Low Order High Order Bit Low Order Bit
Tip: Determine the number of bits you need for the network and the number of bits you need for the hosts and then use
this equation to find the decimal equivalent:
2bits -2
Scenario 1: You want X number of subnets, what is the subnet mask?
Look at the chart above –or-
Convert X to binary, determine how many low-order bits you need to make the number (can’t have all 1’s; if number is
all 1’s add another bit), that many bits is the number of high-order bits that make up your subnet mask, convert the
high-order bits to decimal value –or-
Scenario 2: Determine what the range of valid address is (subnet breakout) for X subnet mask
Look at the chart above –or-
Convert X to binary and determine the decimal value of the lowest high-order bit, start the range of addresses at that
value, and increment the range by that value