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Dina El-Kersh
Gastro-intestinal disorders
Liver
disorders
Stomach &
Intestinal
disorders
GIT disorders
• Many botanicals used for GIT disorders among
which Ginger & Peppermint are included in
the top 10 natural products reported in a
national survey of adults in USA.
Common botanicals for GIT disorders
Chamomile flower heads:
Two species of Chamomile are
“Roman” Anthemis nobilis &
“German” Matricaria chamomilla
“M. rucetita”, family Astreaceae.
chamazulene
4 hydroxy coumarin
• Chamomile products containing dog fennel
may have higher rate of allergic reactions
related to the anthecotulide content “skin
allergen.”
• Standardization:
A 400 mg chamomile flowers/capsule:
standardized to 1% apigenin & 0.5 % essential
oil.
A. cotula
A. nobilis
https://www.google.com.eg/search?dcr=0&q=anthecotulides+%2B+ant
hemis+cotula&oq=anthecotulides+%2B+anthemis+cotula&gs_l=psy-
ab.3...4544.9014.0.10006.17.17.0.0.0.0.235.2696.0j8j6.14.0....0...1.1.64.
psy-ab..3.9.1744...33i160k1j33i21k1.0.xzlmJKhSAA8
Underground Ginger
Some clinical studies suggest the use of rhizomes and
roots of ginger as anti-inflammatory & also reveal
nausea & vomiting associated with
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0049384803004912
Ginger
Volatile oil (1-3%):
• Sesquiterpene components: zingiberene & β-
bisabolene. (Aromatic constituents)
• Phenolic components:gingerol & shogaol.
(Pungent constituents).
Licorice roots & rhizomes
• Glycyrrhiza glabra belongs to family Fabaceae. Its
below ground parts contain the active
ingredients.
• Liquorice was recommended by the Greeks to treat
stomach ulcers and by Arab physicians to treat coughing.
intestinal obstruction)
B-Irritant or Stimulant laxatives (Purgatives)
•Most of them contain anthraquinones that act on mucosal cells &/or enteric nerves,
thus affecting motility leading to laxative effect.
•In acute occasional constipation, pre/post operative surgery & X-ray imaging.
C-Osmotic laxatives
Organic acids & sugars (osmotic effect that draws water into the bowel)
D-Lubricant laxatives
Example: Castor oil
B- Examples of stimulant laxatives (purgatives)
http://www.smart-publications.com/articles/silymarin-a-potent-antioxidant-liver-protector-and-anti-cancer-agent.
Dosing:
• The avarege daily dose is 12-15 gm (eqi. 200-
400 mg silymarin).
Safety:
• Patients who are allergic to ragweed or
members of family Asteracea should be
cautious not to use milk thistle.
Standardization:
• Milk thistle capsules are standardized to
flavonolignans 80 % calculated as silybin.
Case study
J.L, 39 years female, suffers from continuous
epigastritis. She went to a community pharmacy
seeking a medication. The dialogue was as
follows:
Ph: Good morning Madam…
Pt: Oooooh good morning..
Ph: Good day today…
Pt: Sureee….please I need a medication for my stomach.
Ph: what do you feel????
Pt: A continuous burning pain in my stomach.
Ph: ooooh….I can describe a herbal remedy for you…
Pt: Yes please.
Ph: But you will not buy it from here………
Pt:??????
Ph: You can buy it from herbalism…..
Ph: Guess what is its name????
Pt: Will you please mention its name doctor???
Ph: Glycyrrhriza glabra dear…
Pt: excuse me>>>>>>>
Ph: Haahaa..i mean Liquorce…you will take 10 gm on cup of water 3 times
per day for a whole month…..and enjoy…..
Pt: there is no side effects of liquorce??
Ph: Never ever. It is only a herb….
Ph: there is a herbal store in the next street Md. Good day for you…& get
well soon.
Pt: Okay, I need to buy also Co-tareg 160/12.5 2 boxes please. I cant live
without it.
Ph: sureeeeeee.
AFTER 2 WEEKS
I wonder how is the Md. Whom I
prescribed her liquorce….. Probably
she is eating all she likes now…….
1. Send your proposal pdf file to the following e-mail
phytotherapyproposals@yahoo.com
3. Entitle Subject in your email:
“Lecture (1) GIT”
4. Dead line of proposal: 31/10/2017: It wont
be marked, so please do not overload….
A. nobilis, A. cotula and their sesquiterpene lactones.
Discuss with special influence on the Pros & Cons of
cotula species.
A. cotula
A. nobilis