Applications:

Video clips are used in many different things one of these is short films where the people
how is creating the short film will take lots of different video clips and then edit them all
together to make a short film, this makes it easier for the person making it and the cast as
they don’t have to record the whole short film in one sitting as it would take too long and it
is harder to edit out the bits what didn’t go the way they wanted to, as they can record the
same video clip more than once if it didn’t go well the first time.

Video clips are also used in promotional material, as they are used to promote a brand or a
product what has recently come out so that people will know about the new product and
making them want to buy whatever is new out. This is what my product I will be make will
be as it will be a short video clip (advert) of the new energy drink I am going create.

Also, video clips are also used in film trailers, as in films trailers there are quite a lot of
adverts for new products and different films, and they are all in their own video clips as
quite a lot of them are recorded by different companies, and then all the different video
clips gets edited together to make a continues video.

There is another term for user-generated content and this is user-created content or
consumer-generated media, and it refers various kinds of publicly available, media content,
which are created and produced by end-users. The internet came around in the 1990s and
was accompanied by a new debate on free content, and this was played out through
experimentation with all forms of content.

Video clips are used in viral marketing to show people the newest products out now.
Because most of the younger generations use mobile phones, laptops etc. viral marketing is
now a big thing as so many people are in the virtual world. A lot of the apps/games have
pop ups where an advert will come on the screen and will play what it is advertising, usually
these will be on a timer so the advert will play for 30 seconds and then will go, this forces
the user to watch the whole advert and this could make the user want to go out and buy
this new product in the advert, for example if the advert I am going to create go on viral
marketing then it might get more people to buy the energy drink.

Advertising is a good way to get new products out and so a lot of people will see it, you can
put advertisement on the TV which would be a video clip, and it would be played in
between TV shows, and unless the user is watching it on record or has paused it earlier on in
watching the TV show then they can fast forward through the adverts and if they haven’t
done that then they have to watch the adverts.

A virtual reality tour is a simulation of an existing location, these are usually made up of lots
of different video clips all put together to make a sequence. The video clips would be
combined with lots of other thing to make the virtual tour more interesting these include:
text, narration, music and sound effects.
Because there has been an increase of the use of videos on the internet, video-based reality
tours are growing rapidly in popularity. The way they create the virtual tours by using video
cameras and they pan and walk-through subject properties. But for virtual reality tours need
to be high quality because they need to feel real.

Quite a lot of games have all kinds of different media. But videos have been used in “cut
scenes” for many years, which give an instruction to a game player or tell a story. The video
clips can vary in length greatly; the video clips are usually rendered in a higher quality than
the game play this is because there is need to be actively rendered as the game moves on.
As technology get better and better the quality of the game play is getting closer to the
quality of the cut scenes, this is due to better graphics and more powerful games consoles.

E-learning platforms:

For students it has become a lot easier to learn from the web, as there are
many different site for people to look on the help them out one is
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/ and on this site they a
revision section for all the different topics where the user can read all
about that topic they also have videos what the user can watch
about the topic they was to revise where it will do demonstrations
and have someone talking over the top of the video this will make it
easier for the users who can’t read as well as others, some of the
videos now are interactive so if the video asks a question it will stop so you can pick the
correct answers and it will be multiple choose, then once you have don’t all the revision
then you can take a test to tell how much you know about that topic and if you need to
learn more in it.

Worldwide web-

The web is one of the easiest and quickest ways to view videos, as
almost all websites contain some kind of video file, this could be a
preview, informative videos, a teaser, and an introduction to the site.
Also due to the speed of connection being increase it makes it so much
easier to view a video, this is because it takes much less time to load
the video, this is better that the video will load quicker because it will
not be frustrating for the user who would have had to wait for the
video to load up.

Email attachments-

Email attachments how been around for quite a while now, in

the format of things like an image which doesn’t have a large
file size or what is not of the highest quality. But for the email
attachments the internet has improved it drastically as the
internet advances the connections speeds and storage become better than they were, you
can add multiple documents can be added as attachments on emails and you can get bigger
file sizes. The means that now videos can be sent through email’s but if the file size of the
video is too big then the video will either not send or will not load when it is sent.

DVDs-

DVD was originally called Digital Versatile Disk, or Digital Video

Disk, the name was then dropped because people found
different uses for the Optical Disk. The most common use for a
DVD is feature length movies, they also have more memory
which is available on a DVD disk, and this means that many high
file size and high quality documents and images can be stored on the disk.

My advert I am going to create could be put onto a DVD as usually there are adverts before
the actual film starts and one of the adverts on there could be mine this would be good
because the viewer of the film will see my advert and want to try this new energy drink.

Kiosks-

A kiosk is a computer terminal featuring

specialized software and hardware that you are
able to access many different things on them
these include: applications and information for
communication, education, entertainment, or
commerce.

One of the earliest interactive kiosk was like a telephone booth, but as the years has gone
on the technology has improved a lot and so have kiosks as they now have better hardware
and software on them so they can give the users the correct information they are looking
for. Quite a lot of kiosks are placed in high foot traffic settings like shops, airports or hotel
lobbies, they are in these settings the most because quite a lot of kiosks are for finding
where you have to go so if it is in for example a shopping centre like Trafford Centre then it
would be for people to look where the shops are so they are not wondering round causing
there to be a big build-up of a lot of people, they are put into airports and hotel lobbies
because people can now use them to check into their reservations or their frights this is
good because people who done want to que up to check in with the people on the desk
then they can use the kiosks which will make the ques a lot smaller as not as many people
will be in them. Also, in shops the kiosks can be used for the users to see what is in stock,
look up information about the products the shop stocks, and check out a library book.

On a kiosk, there could be my advert what I am going to create but the advert would not
take up the whole kiosks as this would prevent the user from using anything on the kiosks
but it would be in the corner or at the bottom so the user will look at it but still be able to
use the kiosks.

Presentations-

Presentations are usually a speech made to inform, a

lecture, an introduction or a demonstration. The
main software app what people use to create a
presentation is PowerPoint and this is where you can
make a presentation, on this you can use as many
slides as you would like, to get all the information
into it, and you can put as little or as much
information into it as you would like on each slide.

For this project, I would create a presentation for the client to show all the ideas I have for
the advert for the energy drink as then the client can say what she does and doesn’t like
about my ideas as on each slide I would put a different idea and then have it will example
images.

Mobile devices-

A mobile device is sometimes known as a

handheld computer, it is small enough of the
user to operate and hold in their hands. Usually
handheld computers have a LCE flat screen
interface, this allows the product to be
touchscreen interface, and it can either have
physical buttons with a physical keyboard or a
digital keyboard and buttons. Most of the newer mobile devices are able to connect to the
internet so the user can use the internet from their phones. Also with the newer mobile
devices they have 3G and 4G this is where the users can access the internet when they are
not connect to Wi-Fi. They have many different aspects what comes with mobile devices
these include: GPS (global positioning system), video games, they are able to receive and
make phone calls, they have digital media players and they have integrated cameras (which
as technology develops are getting better quality).

The advert I am going to create could be put on mobile device as they could be pop ups on
games what might be on mobile devices, as a lot of unpaid for games come with pop ups
where the user usually has to watch a video of a new game what is out and usually to stop
this the user has to pay for the full version which normally stops the pop ups and adds.

Digital video capture compression-

A video camera can be used to create an electronic motion picture, when it was first
thought of a video camera it was originally designed around the television industry as when
it got created this was a popular and increasing market, but now it is user for many other
things as well as the television industry.

There are two modes to digital video capture:

One is live television; this is where whatever is being recorded on the camera will feed real
time images to the televisions, for the users to watch that as it is happening. But there is
fewer things on TV are live.

Another mode is where images are recorded to a storage device for further processing;
many TV shows and adverts are done using this mode as adverts cannot be broadcasted live
every time it is on as this would be would take too much time and would cost too much
money to record it each time, and TV shows are done using this as well because then they
can be scheduled to come on the TV at a certain time.

Lossy-

Quite a lot of video compression is lossy, it works on the

premise that all the data what is present before the
compression happens, but not all of that data is needed for
achieving good perceptual quality. DVDs use coding to
compress their videos and this is called MPEG-4 this is able to
compress video data by 15 to 30 times, but it is still able to product a high picture quality.
Most commonly with MPEG-2 is not the greatest quality but MPEG-4 and H.264 is of great
quality, this can also be heightened with the quality of the output device used for presenting
the video.

Video compression is a balancing of different factors these include: video quality, the cost of
hardware required to decompress the video which doesn’t take too long to decompress, as
you don’t want to take too long for the video to decompress and disk space.

Lossless-

Different forms of data compression are lossless. Lossless means when the data is then
decompressed, the result what you get will then be a perfect match to the original image
bit-for-bit. Lossless compression is hardly ever used on the compression of videos; this is
because lossy compression gives far higher compression ratios at an acceptable level of
quality result.

Technology 1:

Digital video file format-

Videos must all have a variety of different file formats. This is a must this is because not all
devices can play all sorts of format of video, occasionally it can show how good the quality is
of the video, and you will be able to see this before actually seeing it on the output device.

Mp4-

Digital multimedia container format is what mp4 is. It is usually used to store audio and
video, but it is able to store many other things as well as audio and video these include: still
images and subtitles. This is one of the most common formats to store video and audio and
it lets you stream over the internet.

Also, when you want to use a portable media player they are occasionally advertised as mp4
player, these are only some of them as quite a lot are mp3 players that can also play AMV
video or it can use some other video format.

AVI-

This stands for Audio Video Interleave and this was introduced by Microsoft and is a
multimedia format, and it is part of Microsoft’s video for windows technology. AVI allows
dual video and audio playback, as the files can contain audio and video data. Also, AVI files
are able to support multiple streaming video and audio; although this is very similar to that
in the DVD video format.

FLV-

This stands for Flash Video and the file format is used to deliver videos over the internet and
this is using Adobe Flash Player versions 6-10. Adobe Flash Player supports both formats and
is currently developed by Adobe Systems. Originally FLV was developed by Macromedia.

On lots of different site Flash video has been accepted as the default online video format.
Some of the sites which have Flash video as the default online video format are: Metacafe,
VEVO, Yahoo! Video, YouTube and many more.

SWF-

This stands for Shockwave Flash, and it functions as the dominant format for displaying
vector graphics which are animated and this would be displayed on the web. It can also be
used for programs, usually browser games, and this would be using Action Script. SWF files
is able to be generated from within several Adobe products these include: After Effects,
Flash Builder, Flash and it can be done through MXMLC.

Quite a lot of today’s modern technology like smartphones support SWF, in their web
browsers. But the only one which does support it is Apple’s iPhone; this is because Apple
claims that SWF is a closed, proprietary format.

3GP-
It is defined by the Third Generation Partnership Project for 3G UMTS multimedia services;
it is a multimedia container format. 3GP is used a lot on 3G mobile phones, but is able to be
played on some 2G and 4G phones.

Quite a lot of the 3G capable mobile phones are able to support the recording and the
playback of videos in 3GP format. Some higher-end/newer mobile phones which don’t have
3G capabilities might also record and playback in this format.

Technology 2:

Streaming methods-

There are three different ways you can view media on the internet these are: Downloading,
Streaming and Progressive downloading.

Downloading-

When downloading a file the whole file is saved onto your computer, which when it is
downloaded it can be viewed and opened whenever you would like. The advantage for
downloading files straight to your computer it means there is a quicker access to different
parts of the downloaded file. The disadvantage of downloading is having to wait for the file
to be downloaded before any of it can be viewed, and if the file size is quite large then it will
take much longer than if the file size is smaller.

Progressive downloading-

Progressive downloading is a hybrid method. This method is where the video clip is
downloaded but it begins playing as soon as a portion of the file has been received. This
copies the effect of true steaming, but doesn’t come with all the benefits.

Streaming-

Streaming videos is watching something as

soon as it has started downloading. It is kind
of like the video is sent to the user and the
user is able to watch it as it arrives. One
advantage to streaming is that there is no
waiting for the video to download. Another
advantage is that companies/people are
able to broadcast live events, but there is a downside to this and this is that if the internet
connection where you are trying to broadcast live is a poor connection then it can be
annoying for the user watching the broadcast as the video will start buffering quite a lot.

One thing where people can broadcast videos is on YouTube and this is one of the most
popular as there are many different things what get broadcasted and one of these is football
matches this is good because for someone who isn’t able to get it on their TV they can still
watch it live from their computer/ smartphone.

Data transfer rate file size-

Data transfer rate is the achieved average net bit rate that can be delivered to the
application layer. An example of data transfer rate is if you would like to transfer files, then
the data transfer rate corresponds to the achieved file transfer rate. You can calculate the
data transfer rate which is in bit/s, how you do this is divide the file transfer time (seconds)
by the file size (bytes) and then you multiply it by eight. The data transfer rate simply is the
amount of digital data that is then moved in a given time from one place to another.

The file size of a video could be quite large or quite small it all depends on frame rate the
quality of the video, the file format of the video and the duration of the video.

Resolution-

The display resolution of a display device or

television is the number of distinct pixels in each
dimension that is able to be displayed on the
screen. It’s normally quoted as width x height, for
example 1024x768 means that the width would be
1024 pixels and the height of the display would be 768 pixels.

Fixed-pixel-array applies to display resolution, and this can display on many thing for
example: projectors, liquid crystal display (LCDs), digital light processing (DLP), and plasma
display panels (PDPs), or similar technologies. And it does this by using a physical number of
rows and columns of pixels creating the display.

Frame rate-

Frame rate is the rate (frequency) where the consecutive frames like images appear on a
display. This term applies to other things as well these include: video and film cameras,
motion capture systems and computer graphics. There is also another name for frame rate
and this is frame frequency.

Technology 3:

Aspect ratio (4:3, 16:9)

Aspect ratio describes the proportion between the width and the height of an image or a
video. Usually is it shown as two numbers which are separated by a colon for example 16:9.

The two most common aspect ratios are 4:3 this is also known as full screen or 1.33:1, and
the other one is 16:9 and this one is also known as widescreen or 1.78:1. Larger aspect
ratios are used in motion pictures.
A lot of the older televisions had a squarish 4:3 shape. In the mid 1950’s, the motion

Media players-

Media players are able to play different multimedia files such as music, movies and videos.
Most media players have basic media control icons these include pause, play, back forward,
fast forward and stop.

Quite a lot of the mainstream operating systems have one built-in media player. An example
of the different mainstream operating systems include: windows media player, QuickTime
Player, Linux distributions, banshee, audacious, Mplayer, Amarok, SMPlayer, VLC media
player, Xine, Rhythmbox, Totem, Google play music, Beautiful music player, and Poweramp.

Flash player-

Flash player let you watch/use content what was created on Adobe Flash. Also, allows you
to view multimedia, stream audio and video, and it can execute rich internet application.
Flash player is able to run from a web browser or on devise which supports Flash Player.
Macromedia created Flash Player and was then distributed developed by Adobe Systems.

Flash player can support many different things these include: raster and vector graphics, an
embedded scripting language which is called Action Script, 3D graphics, and streaming audio
and videos. Flash player has a wide target audience, as it can be used for lots of different
things these are: games, graphical user interfaces, and animations.

QuickTime-

QuickTime was developed by Apple Inc., and it is able to handle lots of different formats of
digital videos, interactivity, panoramic images, picture, and sound.

QuickTime animation format is a compression format and codec for a video. This was
created to let the playback of RGB video in real time but it not being having expensive
hardware. It is able to perform wither lossy or lossless compression.

Windows media player-

The windows media player was developed by Windows and it is most commonly used for
playing videos and audio and viewing images on the user’s computers running the Microsoft
Windows operating system. Windows media also have another ability and that it can rip
music, from and copy music on to a compact disk, it can also burn recordable discs in the
Audio CD format.

Technology 4:

Digital rights management systems-

It is a set of control technologies which is for restricting the use of copyrighted works and
proprietary hardware. The technologies in digital rights management systems try to control
the use, distributions and modification of copyrighted works.

Sources:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_kiosk

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_14

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presentation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_device

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frame_rate

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(image)

http://www.tru-vumonitors.com/images/4_3_vs_16_9_Aspect_Ratio.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_player_(software)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuickTime

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Media_Player

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_rights_management

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promotion_(marketing)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_marketing