Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Tineer Ahmed
Purpose
To investigate the efficacy of in situ bioremediation plans for the
degradation of chlorobenzene in water by analyzing the
chlorobenzene concentration, chloride concentration, and pH of
five treatment types in a two-week span.
Research Question
Which bioremediation approach yields the most desirable results
for the degradation of chlorobenzene?
Hypothesis
If chlorobenzene undergoes Treatment #4, then it will deteriorate
at a greater concentration than in the other treatment conditions
because the stirring will stimulate the oxidant, hydrogen peroxide,
to chemically react with the contaminant at a quicker rate.
Background
● Before the 21st century, chemical manufacturers suggested to industries the procedure of
disposing excess chlorinated solvents onto dry ground, allowing the materials to evaporate.
● Scientists did not notice the harmful effects of this practice until 1980s because of the lack of
technology directed toward detecting low concentration organic compounds.
● Consequently, there is debate surrounding which removal approach best treats hazardous
material, comparatively chlorobenzene.
● Chlorobenzene ( C6H5Cl ) has six chlorine atoms and is characterized by its almond-like smell
and colorless appearance. It is primarily used for adhesives and insecticides, but it can
function as a solvent for paints and dry-cleaning.
Background Continued
● In the environment, the water-insoluble liquid migrates in tiny quantities and
accumulates to form a long-term contamination in groundwater, which is water found
in soil pores and rock crevices.
● This issue is significant because chlorobenzene brings health effects, like damage to
central nervous system and irritation to respiratory tract.
● Treatment #1 contained 9.1uL chlorobenzene, #2 was 1mL bacteria, and #3 & #4 had
both amounts of chlorobenzene and bacteria
● The results exhibit that the concentration of chlorobenzene decreased in the
experimental bottles
● Five large centrifuge tubes contained .2 mL of its corresponding treatment and was put
in the centrifuge for 4300rpm, 18 Celsius, 10 minutes
● Liquid is drained out, but the bacteria pellet formed at the bottom of the tube is added
with 10mL of mineral media and vortexed for five seconds
● Add .2mL of the six minerals is added to the tubes, which go to their amber bottles
To test the hypothesis, the treatment types were contained in five separate 250mL amber
bottle:
● For each of the sampling dates, 1mL of the aqueous solution was transferred with the
micropipette to the ten vial bottles (labeled 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, etc.)
● With a syringe, 10uL of each of the treatment bottles was inserted into its vial bottle (ex:
Treatment #1 went to its duplicate bottles- 1a and 1b)
● The vial bottles are vortexed for five minutes and are put in the fridge until they are put
in the gas chromatography to calculate chlorobenzene concentration
● With the micropipette, .5mL of the treatment bottles was sampled and placed in five
small centrifuge tubes to measure the pH with the pH probe
● Also, .5mL of the treatment bottles was sampled and place them in five IC tubes that are
put in the ion chromatography to calculate chloride concentration
● Throughout the two weeks, only Treatment #4 was put on the stirrer while the other
bottles were set side
Results
Treatments 1 & 2 and Treatments 4 & 5 were alike in
graph characteristics
Background research: