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Hydrogen
Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions
1. The ionisation energy of hydrogen is high as compared to alkali metals because of
(1) One electron in outermost shell (2) Small size
(3) One proton in its nucleus (4) No neutron
Sol. Answer (2)
The ionisation energy of hydrogen is very high in comparison to alkali metals. This is because the 1s electron
of hydrogen is tightly held by the nucleus due to its small size.
iH of hydrogen = 1312 kJ mol–1.
3
1 H or T : This isotope of hydrogen is radioactive and emits low energy –particles having half life period of
12.33 years.
4. Hydrogen accepts an electron to attain inert gas configuration. In this way it resembles
(1) Halogens (2) Alkali metals (3) Transition metals (4) Chalcogens
Sol. Answer (1)
Halogens with general outer electronic configuration (ns2np5) have a tendency to gain one electron and attain
nearest noble gas configuration. Similarly, hydrogen (1s1) gains one electron to form H– ion and attain nearest
noble gas (helium gas) configuration.
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48 Hydrogen Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
8. Which of the following statements concerning protium, deuterium and tritium is not true?
(1) They are isotopes of each other
(2) They have similar electronic configurations
(3) They exist in the nature in the ratio of 1 : 2 : 3 respectively
(4) Their mass numbers are in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3 respectively
Sol. Answer (3)
They exist in the nature in the ratio of 1 : 2 : 3 respectively. The statement is incorrect as their mass numbers
are in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3 respectively.
Deuterium has one proton and one neutron in the nucleus, 12 H or D . Therefore, in ‘D2’ there are a total of
four nucleons i.e. 2 protons + 2 neutrons = 4 nucleons.
1270 K
C(s) + H 2O(g) CO(g) + H 2 (g)
Water gas
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Hydrogen 49
11. The catalyst used in the water-gas shift reaction is
(1) Sodium arsenite (2) Nickel
(3) Potassium permanganate (4) Iron chromate
Sol. Answer (4)
673 K
CO(g) + H 2O(g)
FeCrO 4
CO 2 (g) + H 2 (g)
Iron chromate
12. The reaction between which of the following reactants produces hydrogen?
(1) Zn + HCl (2) BaO2 + HCl (3) K2S2O8 + H2O (4) Na2O2 + HCl
Sol. Answer (1)
In laboratory dihydrogen is prepared by the reaction of granulated zinc with dilute HCl or dilute H2SO4.
15. The process by which ammonia is formed from nitrogen and hydrogen is
(1) Contact process (2) Haber process (3) Ostwald process (4) Hydrogenation process
Sol. Answer (2)
673 K, 200 atm
3H 2 (g) + N 2 (g) 2NH 3 (g); H = –92.6 kJ mol –1
Fe
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50 Hydrogen Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
19. In which of the following compounds does hydrogen has an oxidation state of –1?
(1) CH4 (2) NH3 (3) HCl (4) CaH2
Sol. Answer (4)
Ionic hydrides are formed by transfer of electrons from metal to hydrogen atoms and contains hydrogen as
H– ion such as calcium hydride (Ca2+2H–).
O
(Water molecule)
104.5 °
H H
Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 + Ca(OH) 2
2CaCO 3 + 2H 2O
Mg(HCO 3 ) 2 + 2Ca(OH) 2
2CaCO 3 + Mg(OH) 2 + 2H 2O
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Hydrogen 51
Sol. Answer (3)
CaCl 2 + Na 2CO 3
CaCO 3 + 2NaCl
ppt
MgSO 4 + Na 2CO 3
MgCO 3 + Na 2SO 4
ppt
When calculated amount of washing soda is added to hard water containing soluble sulphates and chlorides
of calcium and magnesium, then these soluble salts get converted into insoluble carbonates which get
precipitated.
26. In Clark’s process for removing hardness of water, the reagent used is
(1) Acidic (2) Basic (3) Neutral (4) Both (1) & (2)
Sol. Answer (2)
Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 + Ca(OH) 2
2CaCO 3 + 2H 2O
Mg(HCO 3 ) 2 + 2Ca(OH) 2
2CaCO 3 + Mg(OH) 2 + 2H 2O
H H
95.0 pm 98.8 pm
147.5 pm 111.5° 145.8 pm 90.2°
O O O O
94.8° 101.9°
H H
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52 Hydrogen Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
2H 2O 2
2H 2O + O 2
2 34g 22.4 L
= 68 g
22.4 L of O2 at NTP obtained from H2O2 = 68 g
22.4 10 3
0.96 g of H2O2 = 0.96
68
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions
1. H2O2 acts as
(1) Oxidising agent (2) Reducing agent (3) Bleaching agent (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
H2O2 H2O + [O]
Due to nascent oxygen, it can act as a permanent bleaching agent
H 2O 2 + H 2O 2
2H 2O + O 2
+1 –1 +1 –1 +1 –2 0
Oxidation state of hydrogen remains the same. Oxygen in one molecule of H2O2 is oxidised to O2 (–1 0)
whereas in another molecule is reduced to H2O (–1 –2). Thus, H2O2 acts both as an oxidizing and reducing
agent.
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Hydrogen 53
Sol. Answer (2)
1270 K
C + H 2O(g)
Ni
CO + H 2
1270 K
C nH 2n+2 + nH 2O(g)
Ni
nCO(g) + (2n+1)H 2 (g)
H 2S 2O 8 + H 2O
H 2SO 4 + H 2SO 5
Peroxomono
sulphuric acid
CO(g) + H 2O g
673 K
FeCrO 4
CO 2 (g) + H 2 (g)
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54 Hydrogen Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
Ortho-hydrogen Para-hydrogen
(parallel nuclear spin) (Anti-parallel nuclear spin)
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Hydrogen 55
15. Heavy water has maximum density at
(1) 4°C (2) 11.6°C (3) 0°C (4) 273 K
Sol. Answer (2)
Heavy water has maximum density at 11.6°C.
17. Which of the following will determine whether the given colourless liquid is water or not?
(1) Melting (2) Tasting
(3) Phenolphthalein (4) Adding a pinch of anhydrous CuSO4
Sol. Answer (4)
On addition of CuSO4 (white in colour) into a beaker containing a colourless liquid, water will turn into a blue
solution. This is because CuSO4 will combine with H2O to form a blue compound CuSO45H2O.
H H
H O O H H O– O
Cu O S
H O O H H O– O
H H
The structure shows presence of coordinate bond, covalent bond and hydrogen bond.
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56 Hydrogen Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
21. Both cation and anion impurities can be removed from hard water by using
(1) Zeolites (2) Organic ion exchanges
(3) Calgon (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (2)
Synthetic resins method is superior to zeolite method because they remove all types of unwanted cations
as well as anions present in water.
Small size of Li+ ion which is capable for polarizing H ion make LiH most stable. Density of H2 is about
1
th that of air. Atomic hydrogen is more reactive than ordinary hydrogen.
14
23. When same amount of zinc is treated separately with excess of sulphuric acid and excess of sodium hydroxide
solution, the ratio of volumes of hydrogen evolved is
(1) 1 : 1 (2) 1:2 (3) 2:1 (4) 9:4
Sol. Answer (1)
Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2
Zn + 2NaOH Na2ZnO2 + H2
The ratio of volumes of H2 evolved in both the cases is 1 : 1.
h
24. CH3D Cl2 Product. The product is
(1 mole)
D is a heavier atom, hydrogen will be more replacable with energy just of 1 mole h the above product is
only possible.
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Hydrogen 57
26. H2O2 is manufactured these days
(1) By the action of H2O2 on BaO (2) By the action of H2SO4 on Na2O
(3) By electrolysis of 50% H2SO4 (4) By burning hydrogen in excess of oxygen
Sol. Answer (3)
2H2SO4 2H+ + 2HSO4–
Cathode : 2H+ + 2e– H2
28. H2O2 restores the colour of old lead paintings, blackened by the action of H2S gas by
(1) Converting PbO2 to Pb (2) Oxidising PbS to PbSO4
(3) Converting PbCO3 to Pb (4) Oxidising PbSO3 to PbSO4
Sol. Answer (2)
PbS(s) + 4H2O2(aq) PbSO4(s) + 4H2O(l)
30. Decomposition of H2O2 can be slowed down by addition of small amount phosphoric acid which act as
(1) Stopper (2) Inhibitor (3) Detainer (4) Promotor
Sol. Answer (2)
In a reaction inhibitor is a substance that decreases the rate of a chemical reaction. Thus, phosphoric acid
is an inhibitor.
31. When 50% solution of H2SO4 is electrolysed by passing a current of high density at low temperature then main
products of electrolysis are
(1) Oxygen and Hydrogen (2) H2 and peroxy disulphuric acid
(3) H2 and SO2 (4) O2 and peroxy disulphuric acid
Sol. Answer (2)
2H2SO4 2H+ + 2HSO4–
2H+ + 2e– H2
2HSO4– H2S2O8 + 2e
Peroxy disulphuric acid
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58 Hydrogen Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Hydrogen 59
38. Boiling point of D2O is
(1) 100°C (2) 105.5°C (3) 101.4°C (4) 102.6°C
Sol. Answer (3)
+ – + –
It turns out that O D O "H-Bonding" is slightly stronger than O H O bond. The slightly greater
H-bonding strength increases the intermolecular forces in D2O compared to H2O and D2O has a higher boiling
point (by 1.5ºC) than H2O.
SECTION - C
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60 Hydrogen Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
6. The hydride ion H– is stronger base than its hydroxide ion OH–. Which of the following reaction will occur if
sodium hydride (NaH) is dissolved in water?
(1) H– + H2O No reaction (2) H– (aq) + H2O H2O
(3) H– (aq) + H2O(l) OH– + H2 (4) None of these
Sol. Answer (3)
NaH + H2O NaOH + H2
2 Volume strength
Molarity
22.4
2 Volume strength
0.75 Volume strength = 0.75 11.2 = 8.4
22.4
9. Which one of the following pairs of substances on reaction will not evolve H2 gas?
(1) Copper and HCl (aqueous) (2) Iron and steam
(3) Iron and H2SO4 (aqueous) (4) Sodium and ethyl alcohol
Sol. Answer (1)
Copper being weakly electropositive, is not very reactive. It resists the action of most of the common chemical
reagents like air, H2O, acids and alkalies. Non-oxidising acids like HCl and dilute H2SO4 have no effect on
copper in absence of air/O2.
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Hydrogen 61
10. Zn gives H2 gas with H2SO4 and HCl but not with HNO3 because
(1) Zn act as oxidizing agent when react with HNO3
(2) HNO3 is weaker acid than H2SO4 and HCl
(3) In electrochemical series Zn is above hydrogen
17. What is formed when calcium carbide reacts with heavy water
(1) C2D2 (2) CaD2 (3) Ca2D2O (4) CD2
Sol. Answer (1)
CaC2 + D2O Ca(OD)2 + D–CC–D
20. There is a sample of 10 volume of hydrogen peroxide solution. Calculate its strength.
(1) 3.00% (2) 4.045% (3) 2.509% (4) 3.035%
Sol. Answer (4)
10 volume H2O2 implies the 1 L of H2O2 gives 10 L of O2 at S.T.P.
2H 2O 2 (l)
H 2O(l) + O (g)
2
2 34 g 22.4 L at STP
68 10
30.36 g
22.4
Strength of H2O2 = 30.36 gL–1
1000 ml = 30.36 g
30.36
100 ml = 100
1000
= 3.036 g
i.e., 3.036 %
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Hydrogen 63
22. H2O2 acts as an oxidising agent in
15 20 = 300 ml of oxygen
2H 2O 2
2H 2O + O 2
2 34 g 22400 ml
0.68 22400
0.68 g of H
2O2 liberate
224 mL of O 2 at STP
68
2H 2O 2
2H 2O + O 2
2 34 22.7 L at STP
= 68 g
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64 Hydrogen Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
SECTION - D
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1. A : ScH2 is an example of ionic hydride.
R : All metal forms ionic hydride.
Sol. Answer (4)
ScH2 is an example of metallic hydride metals form covalent hydride also.
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Hydrogen 65
7. A : H2O2 reacts with K2Cr2O7 to give blue colour.
R : H2O2 can act as reducing agent.
Sol. Answer (2)
K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 + 4H2O2 2CrO5 + K2SO4 + 5H2O
H2O2 can act as reducing agent.
10. A : Complete hydrolysis of one mole of peroxydi -sulphuric acid gives one mole of H 2 O 2 and
2 mole of H2SO4.
R : Peroxydisulphuric acid has zero peroxy linkage.
Sol. Answer (3)
Peroxydisulphuric acid has peroxy linkages.
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66 Hydrogen Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
15. A : Dihedral angle of H2O2 in gas phase is greater than in solid phase.
R : H2O2 has planar structure.
Sol. Answer (3)
Dihedral angle in gas phase = 111.5°
solid phase = 90.2°
Hydrogen peroxide is non-linear, non-planar molecule.
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