Prepared by Jimmy B. Orajay Jr.

BSEE 3-1

Advanced Engineering Math for EE

Problem Set

I. Laplace using Ordinary Differential Equations

1. y’’ – 2y’ + y = 3et ; y(0) =1 and y’(0) = 1

Solution:
Since, L[y’’] = s2Y(s) – sy(0) – y’(0) eq. 1
And, L[y’] = sY(s) – y(0) eq. 2

Substitute eq.1 and eq.2 to original equation

3
s2Y(s) – sy(0) – y’(0) – 2[sY(s) –y(0)] + Y(s) = 𝑠−1

Substitute the value of y(0) and y’(0) into the equation

3
𝑠 2 𝑌(𝑠) − 𝑠 − 1 − 2𝑠𝑌(𝑠) + 2 + 𝑌(𝑠) = 𝑠−1

3
𝑌(𝑠)[𝑠 2 − 2𝑠 + 1] − 𝑠 + 1 = 𝑠−1
3
𝑌(𝑠)[(𝑠 − 1)2 ] = +𝑠−1
𝑠−1
𝑠2 −2𝑠+4
𝑌(𝑠)[(𝑠 − 1)2 ] = 𝑠−1
𝑠2 −2𝑠+4
𝑌(𝑠) = (𝑠−1)3
Using Partial Fractions
𝑠2 − 2𝑠+4 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
(𝑠−1)3
= 𝑠−1 + (𝑠−1)2 + (𝑠−1)3
𝑠 − 2𝑠 + 4 = 𝐴(𝑠 − 1)2 + 𝐵(𝑠 − 1) + 𝐶
2

𝑠 2 − 2𝑠 + 4 = 𝐴𝑠 2 − 2𝐴𝑠 + 𝐴 + 𝐵𝑠 − 𝐵 + 𝐶

@s2 : A =1
@s: -2 = -2A + B  B = 0
@constant: 4 = A – B + C  C = 3
 Substitute A, B, and C to the equation and get the Inverse Laplace
1 3
𝑦(𝑡) = 𝐿−1 [𝑠−1 + (𝑠−1)3 ]

Therefore,
𝟑
𝒚(𝒕) = 𝒆𝒕 + 𝟐 𝒆𝒕 𝒕𝟐

2. 𝑦′′ + 10y’ + 15y = 0 where y(0) = 2 and y’(0) = 1

Solution:
𝑠 2 𝑌(𝑠) − 𝑠𝑦(0) − 𝑦 ′ (0) + 10[𝑠𝑌(𝑠) − 𝑦(0)] + 15𝑌(𝑠) = 0
Substitute the values of y(0) and y’(0) into the equation
𝑠 2 𝑌(𝑠) − 2𝑠 − 1 + 10𝑠𝑌(𝑠) − 20 + 15𝑌(𝑠) = 0
𝑌(𝑠)[𝑠 2 + 10𝑠 + 15] = 2𝑠 + 21
2𝑠 + 21
𝑌(𝑠) = 2
𝑠 + 10𝑠 + 15
Using completing the square to further simplify the equation
2𝑠 + 21
𝑌(𝑠) =
(𝑠 + 5)2 − 10
Manipulate the equation
2𝑠 + 10 − 10 21
𝑌(𝑠) = +
(𝑠 + 5) − 10 (𝑠 + 5)2 − 10
2

Simplify and get the Inverse Laplace

2(𝑠 + 5) 10 21
𝑦(𝑡) = 𝐿−1 [ − + ]
(𝑠 + 5)2 − 10 (𝑠 + 5)2 − 10 (𝑠 + 5)2 − 10
10 −5𝑡 21 −5𝑡
𝑦(𝑡) = 2𝑒 −5𝑡 cosh √10𝑡 − 𝑒 sinh √10𝑡 + 𝑒 sinh √10
√10 √10

Therefore,
𝟏𝟏√𝟏𝟎 −𝟓𝒕
𝒚(𝒕) = 𝟐𝒆−𝟓𝒕 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒉 √𝟏𝟎𝒕 +𝒆 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒉 √𝟏𝟎𝒕
𝟏𝟎
′′ ′ −𝑡 ′ (0)
3. 𝑦 + 3𝑦 + 2𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑦(0) = 𝑦 = 0
Solution:
1
𝑠 2 𝑌(𝑠) − 𝑠𝑦(0) − 𝑦 ′ (0) + 3[𝑠𝑌(𝑠) − 𝑦(0)] + 2𝑌(𝑠) =
𝑠+1
Substitute the values of y(0) and y’(0) into the equation
1
𝑠 2 𝑌(𝑠) + 3𝑠𝑌(𝑠) + 2𝑌(𝑠) =
𝑠+1
1
𝑌(𝑠)[𝑠 2 + 3𝑠 + 2] =
𝑠+1
1
𝑌(𝑠) =
(𝑠 + 1)2 (𝑠 + 2)
 Using the method of partial fractions and Inverse Laplace we can write
1 1 1
𝑦(𝑡) = 𝐿−1 [ − + ]
𝑠 + 2 𝑠 + 1 (𝑠 + 1)2

Therefore,
𝒚(𝒕) = 𝒆−𝟐𝒕 − 𝒆−𝒕 + 𝒕𝒆−𝒕

4. 𝑦 ′ + 2𝑦 = 4𝑡 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑦(0) = 3
Solution:
4
𝑠𝑌(𝑠) − 𝑦(0) + 2𝑌(𝑠) = 2
𝑠
4
𝑠𝑌(𝑠) − 3 + 2𝑌(𝑠) = 2
𝑠
3𝑠 2 + 4
𝑌(𝑠)[𝑠 + 2] =
𝑠2
2
3𝑠 + 4
𝑌(𝑠) = 2
𝑠 (𝑠 + 2)
Using partial fractions and Inverse Laplace we can write
1 2 4
𝑦(𝑡) = 𝐿−1 [− + 2 + ]
𝑠 𝑠 𝑠+2

Therefore,
𝒚(𝒕) = 𝟒𝒆𝟐𝒕 + 𝟐𝒕 − 𝟏
5.