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A big problem, one that I encounter a lot, is that products are not optimally set up for either one of
these strategies. Either the wrong assignment happens, or Production has a different idea than
Sales, about what the product assignment should be. Additionally there is the need to periodically
analyze the product portfolio because what’s MTO today might be MTS tomorrow.
The ultimate achievement, one that both Production and Sales strive for, is to have the right product
at the right place in the right quantity at the right time. Planning strategies are one of the most
important drivers to achieve exactly that.
Once your product is identified as a ‘Make To Stock’ the availability check in the Sales
Order must look for inventory and not place additional load in the production program. If there is no
stock your service level degrades and the customer needs to wait for the next receipt from
production.
Disconnect between Sales and Production #1: the “customer is king” paradigm does not have any
validity in an MTS scenario. If you want to make the customer the king you need to make your
product to that customer’s order.
Make To Order Production
This strategy still is for standard products which have a clearly defined specification. Other than
MTS, there is absolutely no forecast on products which are made to an order from a customer. You
start production after the customer’s request comes in and not, like with MTS, beforehand.
When you identify a product to be made to order, the availability check in the Sales Order needs a
lead time; the time it takes to replenish or produce the product from soup to nuts. Therefore when a
customer requests the item, no freely available stock to fulfill the order can be found. Everything is
made from scratch and takes its time.
Disconnect between Sales and Production #2: You cannot plan for a 100% (or more!) utilization on
the production line and allow for the free flow of orders, which were set to MTO, into the production
schedule. All too often there is pressure to fully utilize the line; and that can only be done with orders
resulting from a forecast. If MTS fills the line and MTO orders drop on top, they fall into backlog and
the quoted lead time to the customer is a farce.
Assemble To Order or Finish To Order with placement of
the Inventory/Order interface
This type of strategy allows for a placement of a stocking point, the inventory/order interface, at the
most effective spot in the product structure. What this means is that you can decide at what point in
the BoM, material is kept in stock readily available for further processing. Therefore upstream of the
inventory/order interface we are making to stock and downstream from it we are pulling to order.
This also means that downstream from the I/O interface we have lead time to the customer whereas
the availability check does not need to consider time for the processes upstream from the I/O
interface.
ATO provides flexibility, speed and helps reduce waste. Other people would say its agile and lean at
the same time.
Disconnect between Sales and Production #3: Assembly strategies have the capability to generate a
production order to assemble the finished product right out of the sales order. As this happens, the
system can also check on component availability and if there is a shortage, it can provide a
reasonable date for when the finished product can be delivered. If that date is not fixed, and I have
not seen a Sales person fix a date yet, production scheduling is burdened with a demand for today…
and tomorrow for tomorrow… and so on and so forth. Please take a moment to think about what is
done here: the Sales Rep agrees a date with the Customer who would be quite happy to get the
product on that date in the future. However, that same Sales Rep tells the Production people that the
product needs to be available right away. Consider how many orders there are and that this
pressure pops up every day from now on until the order is delivered, you can easily see that there is
room for improvement in the communication department.
Configure To Order
When a standard product has variations in its specification, one needs to answer the question
whether to create a material master record number for every variation or to make use of the variant
Configurator. In case the VC is used, an underlying structure will have to be build, which allows you
to configure a variation of one (configurable) material number based on features and options. The
underlying structure has optional values and characteristics that have dependencies and
limitations. Be cautious to know that In the same way that there is a line where it becomes more
efficient to use options and characteristics to build a spec, there is also a line where it becomes
more feasible to use a whole new project to build a complex product which has never been built
before; or in other words: to build the underlying structure with features and options and
dependencies becomes far too complex.
So there is an upper limit as well as a lower limit in complexity where Configure To Order has its
right to exist.
Configure To Order is a strategy that closely resembles MTO or ATO for the finished product and
components can be made to stock using a forecast based on probability factors maintained for
options and features.
Engineer To Order
The Variant Configurator most always fails when that fine line was crossed where ETO should have
taken over! It is not the lack of functionality and features of the VC which make it fail, it is mostly that
the VC is used for a structure where projects and work breakdown structures would much better suit
the handling of the complex product or structure in question.
Engineer To Order is used when complex structures are build. In most cases these projects organize
many tasks and follow a long timeline to produce large, highly customized products to specific
customer specifications. The finished product, and also many components and subassemblies, have
never been built before and receive brand new product codes. Work Breakdown Structures and
Projects are used to structure and manage the procurement of long lead-time purchased parts, the
dependencies in production and procurement and cost and timely delivery of the final product.
All of these strategies have many variations. What was discussed above is just a generic
description. A more detailed discussion is to be had around SAP planning strategies where there are
countless combinations and opportunities.
This post is for some of you who have never done a MRP run on SAP and want to get a very simple
example going.
Simple steps
Ensure that material is created with at least the following views: Basic data, purchasing, MRP 1,
Storage, Accounting. Enter Plant / Sloc as required.
The key information for this demo is the MRP screen. Here is the one that I created.
The key MRP parameters are the MRP Type and Lot Size.
MRP Type - Defines when the rule used to determine WHEN the PR or Planned Order will be be
created.
Lot size - Determine calculation to be used to determine the QUANTITY in the PR or Planned Order
For my simple demo I will use standard SAP MRP type = V1 and Lot size = HB
For HB (Replenish to maximum stock level) a maximum level must be spesified, make Max value =
1000.
Do a single item run. Use transaction MD02 (Single Item, Multi Level MRP run). The Single
Item means for one material only. Multi Level refer to all levels of Bill of Material (BOM). This is not
relevant in our example.
Step 4 -- Lets evaluate results of MRP run.
You should now have a Purchase Requisition or Planned Order for a quantity to take stock up to
maximum level (as was spesified in material master).
Configuration related to MRP
As mentioned -- main MRP parameters are MRP type and Lot Size.
MRP is required to procure or produce the required quantities on time for in- house
purpose or for fulfilling customer demand.
The main objective is to plan the supply based on requirements and considering the
current stock in hand and meets the shortages.
In this tutorial- you will learn
A separate run occurs for the MPS items; they are not included in the MRP
run.
Basically, it ensures the availability of the critical resources, which should not
hamper the production by maintaining the stock.
Planning time fence (number of days starting from current date) is useful in
case of MPS scenario where one can save the procurement proposals
(planned orders) from undergoing any change since the last MRP run.
MRP type " P0" to "P3" in material master should be maintained to run MPS
for materials.
1. Processing Key
1. Net change (NETCH): In this run, the system considers those materials in the
planning run from their last MRP run which have undergone some changes
pertaining to receipts and issues or any stock changes.
2. Net Change in Planning Horizon (NETPL): In this run, the system considers
those materials in the planning run from their last MRP run which have
undergone some changes pertaining to receipts and issues or any stock
changes. It considers the requirements in a pre-defined planning horizon,
unlike NETCH key which considers the total futuristic requirements.
3. Regenerative Planning (NEUPL): It plans all the materials for the MRP Run
irrespective of the changes they undergo. This plan is not so widely used. It
takes a long time to obtain the final result.
2. Planning Mode
1. Adapt planning data: It only processes the changed data.
2. Re explodes BOM and Routing: Read BOM and routing data again for the
existing orders.
3. Delete and recreate planning data: It completely deletes the planning data (all
receipts) and creates again.
3. Scheduling
1. Basic Scheduling: MRP calculates only basic dates for the orders and in
house production time for the material master is used.
2. Lead Time Scheduling: The production dates are determined by the lead time
scheduling for planned orders. The routings are read to schedule and
calculate the capacity requirements on work centers.
1. Enter your manufacturing Plant for which you want to take MRP run.
3. Input "1" in Create Purchase req. Which means for externally procured
materials, MRP will generate purchase requisitions instead of planned orders.
4. Enter "3" for schedule lines which means MRP will generate schedule lines
for raw materials having scheduling agreement.
5. Enter "1" in MRP List and system will create MRP list similar to stock
/requirement list for later analysis of previous MRP run.
6. Enter Planning mode "3" as we will delete and recreate all planning data for
all materials.
7. Enter Scheduling indicator "2" which means MRP will do lead time scheduling
and consider routing times to calculate planned order dates.
After filling in all the fields, click to go to the next screen.
The system asks you nicely to re-check your input parameter because the MRP run
is going to reschedule and overwrite all existing data. Are you sure??? If so, press
enter.
Are you really, really sure that you want to continue??? If so, then again press enter.
Step 2) System will take some time to calculate the material requirement.
1. After the calculation is done, a report will appear. Here, it is possible to see
how many materials were planned and on what parameters were given during
the run.
1. Input the material code for which you want to run MRP.
2. Enter your manufacturing Plant code for which you want to take MRP run.
3. Enter Processing key as "NETCH" ( Net change in total horizon)
4. Input "1" in Create Purchase req which means for externally procured
materials, MRP will generate purchase requisitions instead of planned orders.
5. Enter "3" for schedule lines which means MRP will generate schedule lines
for raw materials having scheduling agreement.
6. Enter "1" in MRP List and system will create MRP list similar to stock
/requirement list for later analysis of previous MRP run.
7. Enter Planning mode "3" as we will delete and recreate all planning data for
all materials.
8. Enter Scheduling indicator "2" which means MRP will do lead time scheduling
and consider routing times to calculate planned order dates.
Are you 100% sure that you really want to continue??? If so, then again press enter.
Step 2) System will take some time to calculate the material requirement.
1. After the calculation is done, a report will appear. Here, you can see how
many materials were planned.
Note : As there are 22 materials available in the plant, so only these 22 materials
were planned.
1. Input the material for which you want to run MPS. Here we have taken ID
"13967476".
2. Enter your manufacturing Plant "INA2" for which you want to take MPS run.
4. Input "1" in Create Purchase req. Which means for externally procured
materials, MPS will generate purchase requisitions instead of planned orders.
5. Enter "3" for schedule lines which means MPS will generate schedule lines for
raw materials having scheduling agreement.
6. Enter "1" in MRP List and system will create MRP list similar to stock
/requirement list for later analysis of previous MPS run.
7. Enter Planning mode "3" as we will delete and recreate all planning data for
all materials.
8. Enter Scheduling indicator "2" which means MRP will do lead time scheduling
and consider routing times to calculate planned order dates.
Click to next screen after filling all the fields, the system will show message
, click again, if everything is O.K.
Step 2) In this step, we are going to generate the interactive planning data by which
simultaneously you can see the planning results.
1. Press "Planning" button which will generate planned orders for the shortage
quantity.
Troubleshooting
There might be the case wherein material master record does not exist. For
this, you need to create the material master for the material before running
MPS/MRP.
Ensure BOM and routing data is in place before running MRP to generate
procurement proposals based on requirements at all BOM levels otherwise,
Planned orders would be generated without BOM and hence would create
issues in further consumption process.
This is not an actual run but a simulative run where actual planning situation is not
being affected, and we can see the capacity situation of the work centers well ahead
in time. If such information is available in advance, then we can decide at an early
date whether additional machines will be required to cope with capacity bottlenecks.
LTP (Long Term Planning) is nothing but MRP run in simulation version to
simulate the production plan for the future.
Vendors also have an advantage from long-term planning results as they are
sent a preview of future estimated purchase orders and delivery schedules.
Existing master data can be used for LTP. But to have a different master data
(BOM and Routing) for LTP is also possible.
If you want to delete the Long term planning data, then you need to delete the
planning scenario and you can re-run whole cycle again with new requirement
again in another inactive version.
Long term planning data can also be utilized to transfer routing activity
quantities to the respective cost centers. Controlling department can calculate
activity price calculation by dividing the cost center budget value and activity
quantity (calculated by LTP run) which is used for standard cost calculation.
4. Enter the Planning horizon dates for which demand needs to be created.
After filling in all the fields, click or press Enter to go to the next screen.
Step 2) In this screen, we will input the requirement quantity of the material in
monthly buckets.
2. Keep Opening stock as blank which means the current stock will not be
considered in LTP run.
3. BOM selection id "01" means active BOM will be exploded in LTP run.
2. In the small pop up screen, enter version "02" and planning periods.
You can close this screen or can move back to easy access screen.
3. Enter your manufacturing Plant code for which you want to take MRP run.
5. Enter "1" in MRP List and system will create MRP list similar to stock
/requirement list for later analysis of previous MRP run.
7. Enter Scheduling indicator "2" which means LTP will do lead time scheduling
and consider routing times to calculate the duration of simulative planned
order.
8. Enter "1" to use settings from planning scenario i.e. firmed receipts will not be
considered in LTP run.
Press 2 times enter from keyboard to run the LTP. System will take some time to run
LTP and will throw messages regarding planning.
1. Check whether the planned orders got generated against the PIR and check
the rescheduling dates in the planned orders. These are all simulative
planned orders and nothing to do with real time data.
How to check capacity situation
Step 1) From SAP easy access, open transaction CM38 to check the capacity
requirement at the work center ie. Work center will be loaded with simulative
planned orders which has resulted in capacity requirements in terms of time.
1. Check the capacity load at the work center which is basically ratio of capacity
requirement (in hours) and available capacity (in hours).
How to analyze Simulative Purchase info system
LTP generates 'planned orders' instead of purchase requisitions and there is no
'Source of supply' in planned orders. However, we can see the Vendor in the
Standard Information System reports.
After the LTP activity, a new version of the PURCHIS information system would be
created.
3. Unmark "Test mode" and execute. Version info structure 001 will
automatically be created.
When you press execute button, System updates the Purchase information system
in version 001 with simulative purchase order quantity with value so that purchase
planner can plan the raw materials for the whole year and can negotiate with the
suppliers.
When you press the execute button, it will take you to the next screen.
Step 2) In Transaction MCEC, you can see the updates of purchase information
system done in previous step. Order quantity can be seen vendor wise for given
period. This is all done in simulation version.
Step 3) This screen will display the anticipated Purchase Quantity and value for raw
materials based on simulative annual year production plan.
All PP master data like BOM and routing needs to be in place to effectively
run Long term planning because without master data, you cannot drill down
and plan to lowest level in BOM i.e. raw materials.
Ensure to enter the PIR quantity in inactive version to avoid any conflicts in
real data.
1. Enter your manufacturing Plant for which you want to check capacity load.
After filling in all the fields, click to go to the next screen.
Step 2) In this screen, the capacity situation at Work Center can be seen.
After filling in all the fields, click execute button on top to go to the next screen.
Step 2) In this screen, you can see orders pool at the bottom and Work Center pool
at the upper half of the screen in the planning table.
1. Check the dispatched order in the Work Center pool. Similarly, you can
dispatch the others orders to the Work Center pool which would shift adjacent
to the previously dispatched orders.
This is how you can do the capacity leveling.
Troubleshooting
Ensure that right control key with "capacity requirement" indicator is placed in
operation data in routing.
Ensure that in the capacity tab of the Work Center, "finite scheduling"
indicator in flagged.
Goods Issue (GI) against Order is executed with movement type 261 which is
done whenever we consume the component materials to produce some other
material. After goods issue, the system decreases the inventory of the
components at the relevant storage location.
Lets begin-
2. Select Order as you are doing goods receipt against production order.
After filling in all the fields, click or press Enter to go to the next screen.
3. If the material is handled in batches, then enter the batch number in which
inventory will be updated.
1. Enter the date of manufacture, i.e., the date when the material was produced.
3. Click "check" button on top and you will see the message at the bottom of the
screen.
Click to save the document. The system will show a message
like .
1. You can see the list of components automatically fetched from the Order
along with required quantity. You can change the quantity as per the actual
consumption.
2. Click "check" button on top and you will see the message at the bottom of the
screen.
3. You can see the green color status which indicates that document is OK for
posting.
Click to save the document. The system will show a message like
Troubleshooting
For manual goods issue, the material master should not have any back flush
indicator which means we will do manual goods issue rather automatic goods
issue during confirmation.
For manual goods receipt, routing operation data should have control key
without auto GR flag, which means we will do manual goods receipt rather
automatic goods receipt during confirmation.
Planned orders are results of running MRP. Shortages of materials that are
set to internal procurement will create planned orders, which can be
converted into production orders. Production orders are "hard copies"; they
cannot be adjusted by an MRP run anymore.
BOM and routing data of the materials are copied into the production order
which determines the list of components and operational data in the order.
Planned Costs also gets updated in the production order via component price
and routing activity price.
You can run an availability check on production orders which determines any
missing components in the order so that you can bring that missing
component for the order execution at shop floor.
You can print the production order for shop floor which indicates the list of
components to be consumed and what kind of operations to be performed in
sequence at the work center.
After you have physically produced the material, you can declare the
production through order confirmation which updates the activities cost such
as machine running price, labor price on the order.
You can also post goods receipt of the material automatically during order
confirmation. Goods receipt would increase the inventory of the material, and
it is carried out with movement type 101 in SAP.
After Order Confirmation, all the cost such as the cost of components and
activity cost will be debited on the order, and once you post goods receipt,
costs will be credited on the order.
The release of order signifies that the order is ready to be executed at the shop
floor. You can do an automatic release of order also during creation mode by using
relevant production scheduling profile in the material master with auto release
indicator set.
1. Enter the material code for which production order needs to be created.
1. Click to release the order. The following message will appear in the bottom
left corner: .
2. Click to check material availability. The system will show the message
regarding the availability of components.
Note: You can also decide not to release the order if there are missing parts found in
availability checks.
Click button to save, the following message will show in the bottom left
corner: .
You cannot directly declare production using planned orders and, therefore, it needs
to be converted to Production Order.
Once, planned order is converted to production order, planned order gets deleted
from the system and is no longer available to be considered in MRP (Material
Requirement Planning).
1. Select radio button "MRP controller" from the list, which is a group of
materials.
2. Press right mark sign on top or press enter from your keyboard.
The system will show the screen as below.
Step 2) In this screen, we will fetch the planned orders based on MRP controller and
selection dates.
3. Enter end selection date till all planned orders will be extracted.
Click right mark sign from the bottom or enter from the keyboard to move to the next
screen.
Step 2) In this screen, we will enter the actual yield quantity to be confirmed.
1. Enter the yield quantity which is the produced quantity you want to declare
2. Press Goods Movement button at the top to check the automatic goods
movement happening along with confirmation
Step 3) In this screen, you will see the goods receipt of parent material and goods
issue of components.
If the control key of the last operation in the order specifies automatic goods receipt,
the system automatically posts the produced material to unrestricted stock.
Automatic goods receipt can also be activated by the production scheduling profile
in the material masterwork scheduling view.
If you confirm an order with components that have the Backflushing indicator set in
the material master MRP1 view, the system automatically posts a goods issue (GI)
for these components.
1. Auto Goods receipt (GR), production of material carried out using movement
type 101.
Failed goods movements due to a deficit of stock for consumption are reprocessed
manually.
The controlling department can then carry out the variance calculation on the
production Order after TECO status.
Step 2) In this screen, we will see how to place production order to TECO status,
BOM and Routing must exist before creation of production order else it will
not be copied into the production order and can cause issues in planned costs
updation and consumption of components during confirmation process
thereby impacting the inventory of the components.
Ensure that standard cost for the material is updated to avoid any costing
related errors such as activity price missing etc. during production order
confirmation.
If some goods movement gets failed during confirmation process due to the
stock deficit, then you should process them separately once components are
brought to stock.
It helps users to view the overall situation of the plant with ease
Through PP reports, you can view Production and Consumption data about
the material for the specific time period. Current Plant stock can also be
displayed real time
You can also see target order quantity to be executed and track the orders
through various order status via standard SAP reports
This gives view for the shop floor person to plan and execute the orders which are
on priority, and you can see the actual delivered quantity against the plan.
4. Enter your Order type for which you want to fetch the Production Orders.If you
don't enter any order type, the report will show the data for all orders type for
the plant.
After filling in all the fields, click execute button on top or press F8 from keyboard to
go to the next screen.
Step 2) In this Screen, you are going to see the list of Orders.
1. List of orders with material code and target quantity are displayed.
2. Order basic start and finish dates are displayed for the planner.
3. Order status are shown by which you can identify whether the order is
delivered or yet to be executed at shop floor.
4. Enter your Production Order type for which you want to display the
documented goods movement. If you don't enter any order type, the report
will show the data for all orders type for the plant.
Click execute button from the top or press F8 from the keyboard to run the report.
When you run the report, it will open another screen where goods movement are
displayed.
Step 4)In this screen, documented goods movement against order are displayed.
1. List of Orders along with parent material and its component material are
displayed.
2. You can see the movement type 261 and 101 which occurred against the
order along with the batch number.
We can view the list of the material document which specifies the production and
consumption of data for a plant.
2. Input the movement type 101 if you want to see Production data (Goods
Receipt) for all materials.
3. Enter the posting periods for which you want to display the production.
Press execute button on top or press f8 from the keyboard to move to the next
screen.
Step 2)In this screen, you will see the production data of all materials.
2. Input the movement type 261 to see consumption data (Goods issue) for all
the materials.
3. Enter the posting periods for which you want to display the consumption.
Press execute button on top or press f8 from the keyboard to move to next screen.
Step 2) In this screen, you will see the consumption data for all materials.
1. Input single material code or range of material codes or keep it blank to pull
the report for all materials.
3. Input storage location code or keep it blank to pull the report at plant level for
all storage locations.
Press execute button from top or press F8 from the keyboard to move to next
screen.
Step 2) In this screen, you will see the stock of all materials.
1. List of material codes along with stock quantity and value at the storage
location is displayed.
It is basically reverse BOM explosion which means through component child code,
you can find out the parent material code. For example Component like Tread is
used as an item in BOM of Tyres.
1. Input single material code for which you want to see the parent material.
3. Flag "Material BOM" as you are looking the component up in material BOM.
3. Flag "Multi-level" which means you want to see all upper BOM levels for the
component.
Press execute button on top or press F8 from the keyboard to move to next screen.
1. You can see the different levels of BOM in which this component exists
2. You can see the parent material in which the component exists.
Press F3 from the keyboard to exit the report.
1. Input single material code for which you want to see the list of components at
all levels of BOM.
3. Input BOM application "PP01" which means you are going to explode
production BOM.
Press execute button from top or press F8 from the keyboard to move to next
screen.
1. You will see the list of components along with quantity at all BOM explosion
levels.
Press F3 from the keyboard to exit the report.
Troubleshooting
If you are unable to execute any report, ensure your selection criterions are
correct, and there are transactions data in the system for which you want to
display reports.
For BOM reports, ensure material master is in place and BOMs already exists
in the system then only you will be able to display such kinds of reports in
SAP.
Ensure that you are aware of movement types before looking at any
production or consumption reports in SAP.
Discrete Manufacturing
Repetitive Manufacturing
Production- Process Industries
Routing in SAP PP is referred to a list of activities which are required to produce any
material. For example, when you do cost estimation for the material, the system
triggers the relevant routing and activity rates for all those described in routing.
Which will helpful to calculate the processing cost in product costing.
7) Explain what is "work center" in SAP PP and what is the use of Data in
Work Centers?
"Work Centers" are business objects in SAP-PP that is used in task list operations (
routings, maintenance task lists, inspection plans) and work orders.Data in work
center is used for
Scheduling: Formulas and operating time are entered, so that the duration of
an operation can be calculated
Costing: Formulas are entered so that the costs of an operation can be
calculated
Capacity Planning: The available capacity and formulas for capacity
requirements is entered
Simplifying operation maintenance: Various default values can be included
in the work center
This role contains a function for evaluating the MRP result. This function can be
used to find information about the availability of material and to identify any material
shortage situation.
10) Explain how can you create production order without routing and BOM?
Without BOM and routing you can create a production order by changing the config
in OPL8 ( order type dependent parameters) as routing optional. When we try to
create an order using C001 it may ask for a sales order.
11) Explain what happens to planned after it has been converted into
production order?
When planned order is converted to the production order, the planned order are
offset by production order. The planned order reference can be seen in the
production order.
12) Mention what is the difference between stock transport order and stock
transfer order?
Stock transfer order: It is referred to the transfer of stock for the usage in the
same company
Stock transport order: It is referred to the change of title of stock in the
name of the buyer
PRT (Production Resource Tools) are moveable operating objects used to perform
repeated activities in plant or production maintenance, for example, documents such
as drawings or programs for which document management functions are used.
Various other PRT components include
Engineering drawings
Jigs
Fixtures
Measurement Instruments
To create PRT master records you have to follow the following steps
1. Choose logistics/Accounting -> Project System -> Basic data -> Master data -
> Production resources and tools -> Create
2. The initial screen for creating a PRT appears
3. Enter a number for the PRT and choose continue
4. The basic data screen appears
5. Maintain the basic data
6. Choose Goto -> Defaults and enter the default values
7. Save the PRT
15) Mention what is the t-code for changing production order and to display
production order?
16) Explain what is PLM (Product Lifecycle Management) in SAP PP and what
is the use?
It is a collection of solutions with which you digitally create, maintain and make
product information, available in the whole company and for the entire life cycle of
the product.
PLM provides you the function with which you do following things
The workplace is an open portal in the world wide web and allows you to
access all application and information that you need to work with all external
and internal business partners
It can link with other internet applications like program management, change
and configuration management and engineering collaboration.
18) In cost controlling information system mention the fields that are listed in
the list screen of the report?
Key Figures
o Costing/MM
o %Costing/MM
o Revaluation
o VarCstRuns
o %VarCstRuns
Basic data
Valuation
Cost component group 1/ Cost component group 2
CostCompGr(fix)1 / CostCompGr( fix)2
19) Explain what is the use of SAP Material View and list out other parameters
where SAP Material View is applicable?
SAP Material View is an SAP object that not only hold name of the material, but
various other information related to material like
20) Mention what are the types of Master Views for Production and Planning?
21) Mention how MRP (Material Requirement Planning) types are classified?
General Data
MRP Procedure
Lot size data
23) List out the basic procedure for dispatching operations in capacity
leveling?;
For dispatch operations basic procedure includes
24) Explain what is the need of MRP list if the stock requirement list is already
given?
MRP list displays the result of the last planning run, changes that occurred between
planning runs are ignored in the MRP list. While contrary to this, in the stock or
requirement list all changes that occurred in the stock, issues and receipts are
displayed by the system.
25) Mention what are the t-codes for creating, changing and summarizing
BOM?
Introduction:
Strategy ’10’ is one of the frequently used and frequently discussed MTS strategies. In this
document we try to explore this strategy with the relevant configuration setttings.
Strategy ‘10’ is particularly useful for pure make-to-stock scenarios and the sales requirements have
no effect in the production. The production is based on production plans transferred via demand
program/ manually entered PIR’s. Strategy ‘10’ is also referred as ‘Net Requirements Planning’ and
few important features of this strategy are:
Strategy Group ‘10’ and a suitable availability check group without RLT (in standard, availability
check group ‘02’):
Relevant configuration settings:
Strategy group ‘10’ contains only main strategy ‘10’ in the standard system, the same can be
verified/ maintained in OPPT transaction (alternatively in SM30 transaction, view V_T461P) and this
configuration is stored in T461P database table. More about the requirement type, requirement class
and their connection to the planning strategy is discussed in this document when required.
Availability check group without RLT can be verified in OVZ9 transaction. The checking rule for
make-to-stock strategies is ‘A’, and for make-to-order it is ‘AE’. In OVZ9, we check for the ‘check
without RLT’ indicator for checking rule ‘A’ and checking group ‘02’ (can be checked/ maintained at
table level in SE16N transaction T441V table; alternatively in SM30 transaction V_441V view – field
name is T441V – OWBZP).
We will discuss the relevance of Consumption mode, Backward Consumption period and Forward
Consumption period a little later when we discuss the consumption logic and strategies. According to
the requirements of the planning perspective, these fields need to be maintained.
In PP point of view, these are the relevant master data that we need to provide.
When working with multiple BOMs and production version wise BOM selection, use the menu
function Settings -> Production Version in the schedule line tab in MD61/ MD62 to enable the
production version column, so that you can define PIR’s according to the production versions.
The system finds requirement type as ‘LSF’ derived from the configuration of the strategy 10. It is
defined in OPPS transaction (for a reference of assignment of Requirement Types to the planning
strategies, take a dump from T461S table). Check the entry for ‘requirement types for independent
requirements’ in OPPS configuration for strategy ‘10’. Since stock/requirements list or MD04 is a
dynamic report, we should be able to see the PIR’s entered (here in MD61) in MD04.
In this example, I have converted the first planned order (you can perform partial conversion) fully.
Now we post confirmation for the production order (for simplicity, we have activated auto GR through
control key PP03 in routing of the FERT and auto GI through backflush indicator of the ROH material
master backflush indicator in MRP2 view), and get the stock of the FERT.
Sales Order:
We now create a sales order of 30 pieces in VA01 transaction.
In the procurement tab, we find the Requirement Type as ‘KSL’ and Schedule line category as ‘CP’
in standard system. The system finds the item category as ‘TAN’ in standard system.
These are derived from the settings for planning strategy OPPS, and from the configurations in SD.
As discussed earlier, the requirement type for customer requirements is defined as KSL for strategy
‘10’ in OPPS (table T461S).
The schedule line category and the item category are derived as discussed here. In SPRO -> Sales
and Distribution -> Sales -> Sales Documents -> Sales Document Item -> Assign Item
Categories (SM30 transaction view V_T184), we define that based on the Sales Document type and
item category group the value for the item category. The SD document type that I chose in this
example is ‘ZDSE’, and the item category group in Sales Organization view of the material master
we have selected ‘NORM’.
In SPRO -> Sales and Distribution -> Sales -> Sales Documents ->Schedule Lines -> Assign
Schedule Line Categories (SM30 transaction view V_TVEPZ), it is defined that the proposed
schedule line category for item category TAN and MRP Type ‘PD’ combination will be ‘CP’:
We save the sales order and check the stock/requirements list. The sales order is displayed, but it
does not affect the available quantity.
Technically speaking, this depends on the value of VBBE – NODIS (No MRP) field value for the
sales order, line item and schedule line combination. For requirement type ‘KSL’, in standard it is ‘1’.
This is derived from the SD configuration as discussed in the following section. In OVZH
configuration, we maintain the requirement type to requirement class mapping; for KSL it is 030. In
OVZG configuration for requirement class 030, the No MRP field is maintained as ‘1’. If you want to
switch off the display of sales order in MD04, you can maintain this value as ‘2’. Please note, do not
maintain this as ‘blank’ for requirement class 030, the requirement transfer can generate serious
consequences.
Also, it can be noted that the PIR quantities have not been consumed. For strategy ‘10’, no concept
of PIR consumption is there since the SO’s are not relevant to change the planned quantities.
References:
Hi,
Strategy 20 – Pure make to order is one of the strategies of Make to Order in Demand
Management..In this 20 strategy product is specifically manufactured for a sale order or customer
order…There is no forecasting involved. Sale order or customer order will be the trigger point for
production…
This strategy is useful or applied in the following situations in the industries..
Initial situation of material with 299.5 KG unrestricted use stock..this stock is kept make the
understanding of difference between unrestricted stock and sale order stock…
here you can observe that two sales orders managed in different segments independently…
Now carry out MRP run with MD02….
Now check in MD04..You can observe that two separate planned orders are created for each sale
order…even though there is a stock of 299.5 KG it is not considered in the net requirement
calculation..
Now convert the first planned order to production order and then release
here you can observe the sales order reference in the production order as shown below….
Now release the order and save the order…after this situation in MD04…
Now convert the second planned order of second sale order to production order as shown in the
above procedure and release the order…now situation of MD04…
Now after the completion of production activity complete the Goods issue, Confirmation and Goods
receipt of the two production orders….
Now you will sales order stocks as shown below in the MD04…these stocks are not unrestricted use
stocks like 299.5 KG
Now after this delivery sale order and sale order stock both disappear from MD04 as shown below…
Now complete the delivery for the second sale order also with VL01N as per the procedure shown
above….
Now final situation of MD04….