3FL12909AA - (UA50 Pico NodeB Des)

Alcatel-Lucent UMTS BTS 1010
Pico Node B Description

3FL12909AAAAWBZZA
Edition 1
TRAINING MANUAL
Alcatel-Lucent UMTS BTS 1010 - Pico Node B Description

All rights reserved © 2007, Alcatel-Lucent
Copyright © 2007 by Alcatel-Lucent - All rights reserved

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communication of its contents not permitted without
written authorization from Alcatel-Lucent
All Rights Reserved © 2007, Alcatel-Lucent

Pico Node B Description - Page 1
Legal Notice
2
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Warning
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working on the equipment. Always observe all safety precautions and do not work on the equipment alone.
Caution
The equipment used during this course is electrostatic sensitive. Please observe correct anti-static
precautions.
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Use orPico Node B Description
transmission of all or any part of this document in violation of any applicable Canadian or other
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User obtains no rights in the information or in any product, process, technology or trademark which it includes
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Mention of non-Alcatel-Lucent products or services is for information purposes only and constitutes neither an
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Please refer to technical practices supplied by Alcatel-Lucent for current information concerning Alcatel-
Lucent equipment and its operation.

Table of Contents
3
Page
Switch to notes view!
Module 1: Node B situation in UTRAN
1 Node B Situation 1-7
2 Node B main functions 1-10
Module 2: Product Overview

1 Pico Node B Concept 2-7
2 Pico Node B Product Overview 2-11
3 Network Architecture with Pico BTS 2-17
Module 3: Architecture and configuration

1 Deploying Pico BTS 2-7
2 Pico BTS installation 2-11
3 Connecting the main unit 2-22
4 Software Architecture 2-33
Module 4: Functions and Capacity

1 Functionality of the Pico BTS 2-7
2 Pico BTS operation and maintenance 2-15
3 Pico BTS performance and capacity 2-19


Table of Contents [cont.]
4
Alcatel-Lucent UMTS BTS 1010 This page

All Rightsis left ©blank
Reserved intentionally
Alcatel-Lucent 2007

Course Objectives
5
Welcome to Pico Node B Description
After successful completion of this course, you should understand :
Locate the BTS within the UMTS network and explain the main BTS function
Describe the main characteristics of the Pico Node B
Describe the Pico Node B Architecture, the UMTS BTS 1010 configurations and installation steps.
List the Pico Node B Functions and define the Pico Node B Performance and Capacity


Course Objectives [cont.]
6

Pico Node B Description This pageAll is left blank intentionally
Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2007

About this Student Guide
7
Conventions used in this guide

Note
Provides you with additional information about the topic being discussed.
Although this information is not required knowledge, you might find it useful or
interesting.
Technical Reference
(1) 24.348.98 – Points you to the exact section of Alcatel-Lucent Technical
Practices where you can find more information on the topic being discussed.
Warning
Alerts you to instances where non-compliance could result in equipment damage or
personal injury.

Where you can get further information
If you want further information you can refer to the following:

Technical Practices for the specific product
Technical support page on the Alcatel website: http://www.alcatel-lucent.com

About this Student Guide [cont.]
8

Pico Node B Description This pageAll is left blank intentionally
Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2007

Self-Assessment of Objectives
9
Contract number :
At the end of each section you will be asked to fill this questionnaire
Course title :
Please, return this sheet to the trainer at the end of the training
Client (Company, Center) :
Language : Dates from : to :
Number of trainees : Location :
Surname, First name :
Did you meet the following objectives ?

Tick the corresponding box
Please, return this sheet to the trainer at the end of the training
Yes (or No (or

Instructional objectives globally globally Comments
yes) no)
1 To be able to Locate the BTS within the

UMTS network and explain the main BTS function
2 Describe the main characteristics of the

Pico Node B
3 Alcatel-Lucent UMTS the
Describe BTS 1010
Pico Node B Architecture,
the UMTS BTS 1010 configurations and the BTS
installation steps
4 List the Pico Node B Functions and define
the Pico Node B Performance and Capacity
Thank you for your answers to this questionnaire


Self-Assessment of Objectives [cont.]
10

Other comments

Do not delete this graphic elements in here:
Section 1
Node B situation in UTRAN
3FL12909AAAAWBZZA Edition 1
Alcatel-Lucent UMTS BTS 1010 · Pico Node B description


Section 1 · Page 1
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Node B situation in UTRAN 1·2

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Document History
Edition Date Author Remarks
01 YYYY-MM-DD Last name, first name First edition

Section 1 · Page 2
Objectives
At the end of this section, the participant will be able to :
z Describe the main characteristics of the Pico Node B

Pico Node B description

Section 1 · Page 3
Objectives [cont.]

Pico Node B description This pageAllisrights
left blank intentionally
reserved © 2007, Alcatel-Lucent

Section 1 · Page 4
Table of Contents
Page
z UMTS Architecture
z 1Alcatel-Lucent
Node B Situation UTRAN Architecture 7
1.1 UMTS Architecture 8
z Node B or BTS UTRAN Architecture
1.2 ALCATEL-LUCENT 9
2 Node B main functions 10
z Node B Bfunctions
2.1 Node or BTS (Base Transceiver Station) 11
z 2.2
RadioGeneric Functions
traffic protocol layers 12
2.3 Radio Access Functions 13
z Iub traffic
2.4 OA&M Functions 14
2.5 Call Processing : Radio Traffic Protocol Layers 15
2.6 Network Interface : Iub Traffic 16


Section 1 · Page 5
Alcatel-Lucent UMTS BTS 1010 This page is left

All rights blank
reserved intentionally
© 2007, Alcatel-Lucent

Section 1 · Page 6
1 Node B Situation


Section 1 · Page 7
1 Node B Situation
1.1 UMTS Architecture
Uu iRNC
RNC
POC
Iub Iub Iu
(CS & PS)
Node B
UE Iur
iBTS
WG TRAU + SGSN
ATM ATM
Backbone Backbone
Uu
Iur
Iub Iu
Iub (CS & PS)
ATM
Backbone
UE Node B IP/ATM
iBTS TC MSC / VLR
P/
IP
GGSN
OMC-R, MDM, OMC-B

Preside
PSTN / ISDN
Internet Intranet
USER ACCESS SERVICES

(Core Network)

Alcatel-Lucent offers a complete Radio Access Network solution for UMTS including a range of Base Station
(BTS) products, Macro, Micro and Pico, with indoor and outdoor macro products provided in the first
release.
This range of products is known by the name e-mobility Internet iBTS and now by the BTS18000 GSM/UMTS
Combo.
For UMTS, the following rules apply to the hierarchy:

z a Node B is associated with only one RNC,
z a Wireless Gateway is associated with only one MSC,
z a Wireless Gateway may be associated with several RNCs,
z an RNC is associated with only one Wireless Gateway,
z a Wireless Gateway may be associated with several GGSNs,
z an MSC can be associated with several Wireless Gateways,
z a GGSN may be associated with several Wireless Gateways.
With the future releases of the UMTS core networks, Alcatel-Lucent will offer its concept of Unified
Networks, an all-packet infrastructure for telecommunication networks.

Section 1 · Page 8
1 Node B Situation
1.2 ALCATEL-LUCENT UTRAN Architecture
Iub Iub RNC 1500 Iu

ATM POC ATM ATM
E1/T1 STM1 O.F. STM1 O.F.
Node B
BTS
Iur
ATM
STM1 O.F.
ATM
ATM TCP/IP Backbone
Backbone
OAM Access, MDM,
Iur W-NMS
ATM
STM1 O.F.
Front end processor
Iub Iub Iu
ATM ATM ATM
E1/T1 STM1 O.F. STM1 O.F.
ATM
Backbone
Node B
BTS RNC 1500
UTRAN = UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network STM1 O.F. = Optical Fiber

The BTS, which belongs to the solution provided by Alcatel-Lucent, is part of the UTRAN and acts as a
Node B.
The O&M of a Node B is divided into two parts:
} the O&M linked to the physical and software parts of the Node B, called physical O&M (managed by
the OMC-B),
} the O&M of the logical resources that the Node B contains, called logical O&M (managed by the OMC-
R).

Section 1 · Page 9
Node B situation in UTRAN 1 · 10
2 Node B main functions


Section 1 · Page 10
2.1 Node B or BTS (Base Transceiver Station)
Encoding
Modulation
Downlink Amplification
Uu interface
Uplink Demodulation
Decoding
UE
Iub (ATM)
RNC
Node B
(BTS)
Main Node B functions:

• Call Processing
• Radio access
• Performance Monitoring
• Network interface
• Random Access detection

The Node B is a logical node in the RNS responsible for radio transmission / reception in one or more cells
to / from the User Equipment. A Node B is connected to the RNC through the Iub interface.
The Node B offers:

} an external interface to be backhaul connected to the network equipment (RNC),
} an external radio interface according to the UMTS standard.
As stated, the primary responsibility of the BTS is to transmit and receive radio signals from a user
equipment over the radio interface Uu. To perform this function completely, the signals are encoded,
modulated, amplified on one way, and demodulated, decoded on the other way.
The BTS is also in charge of performing and reporting radio measurements to the RNC.It detects random
accesses from UE.
The BTS handles the following interfaces:

} Uu: towards the UEs
} Iub: towards the RNCs.

2.2 Generic Functions
Call Processing Synchronization
Cell Management of Management of

management common channels dedicated channels
Power
control
Measurement
Softer Handover processing Network Interface

The Node B supports the following basic functions:

} Call processing: this includes channel setup and management for both common and dedicated
channels, cell management, power control, handover and measurement.
This function is in charge of the radio resource management inside the BTS. This function manages
the UMTS services and the internal services used for configuration and implementation purposes.
} Network interface: interface management with the RNC, optional interfaces for enhanced capacity or
remote network connectivity.
{ Uu interface (UMTS User interface): this interface is used between the Node B (BTS) and the UE
(User Equipment). It is dependent on the technology used on the radio (for example, it can be W-
CDMA or TD/CDMA)
{ Iub interface (Interface UMTS BTS): this interface links up the RNC and the BTS.
} Synchronization: to retrieve a highly stable radio frequency from the network interface.

2.3 Radio Access Functions
Radio Access and Modem

DD DD DD D D D D DD DD DD
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Coding
Interleaving
Q 00 00
2 2
01 11
10 10
4 4
01 01
QPSK 7 7
I
11 11
00 10 3 3
Modulation Demodulation
QPSK = Quadrature Phase Shift Keying

The Radio access and modem function includes:

} modulation / demodulation,
} frequency up / down-conversion,
} amplification.
Radio channel coding / decoding introduces redundancy into the source data flow, increasing its rate by
adding information calculated from the source data, in order to allow the detection or correction of
signal errors introduced by the transmission medium.
} The channel coding algorithm(s) used and the amount of redundancy introduced may be different for
the different types of logical channels and different types of data.
} Decoding function tries to reconstruct the source information using the redundancy added by the
channel coding function to detect or correct possible errors in the received data flow.

2.4 OA&M Functions
Alarm management
Operation and Maintenance Loss of signal
Temperature
Out of order Power

supply Out of memory
In service Threshold crossed

Cooling
Performance Monitoring Configuration and Supervision

The Node B supports the following OA&M functions:

} Operation and Maintenance.
} Alarm management: event reports are sent by all pieces of equipment to the OAM platform in order
to constantly inform the system about the state of the whole network. Two types of even reports
must be carefully handled by the OAM system:
{ Hardware anomalies automatically generate alarms which are forwarded up to the OAM system.
{ State changes usually generate notifications which are stored in the notification log file for
investigation purposes, later on.

} Configuration and Supervision, is in charge of configuring and supervising the modules which ensure
inventory information, reporting and plug & play management.

} Performance monitoring, performs measurements on radio channels (current and surrounding cells)
and translates these measurements into radio channel quality estimates. Measurements may include:
{ Received signal strengths (current and surrounding cells).
{ Estimated bit error ratios (current and surrounding cells).
{ Estimation of propagation environments (high / low-speed, satellite, etc.).
{ Transmission range (it means through timing information).
{ Doppler shift, Synchronization status …

2.5 Call Processing : Radio Traffic Protocol Layers
Serving RNC
Logical Channels
RLC RLC
Transport Channels
MAC MAC
Level 1 Transport Sub Layer

Physical
Layer Radio Waves
Physical Sub Layer
Physical Channels

The Node B provides:

} The means of communication between a User Equipment (UE) and a network via Transport Channels.
} Physical channels which are necessary to synchronize the downlink and also to perform cell
selection/reselection and handover preparation.
It also forwards measurement information to the RNC for radio resource management (handover, power
control).
Detailed description :
The layer 1 is used to transmit information under the form of electrical signals corresponding to bits,
between the network and the user mobile. This information can be either voice, circuit or packet data,
and includes network signaling.
It offers data transport services to higher layers. The access to these services is made through the use of
transport channels via the MAC sublayer.
These services are provided by radio links which are established by signaling procedures. One radio link is
made of one or several transport channels, and one physical channel.

2.6 Network Interface : Iub Traffic
Iub
Node B RNC User Plane

Control Plane =
Radio Traffic
NBAP
Frame Protocols
• General Signaling
• QoS Management
OA&M
• Dedicated Traffic
• Resource Management • Alarms • Dedicated
• Call Management (establishment) Signaling
• Configuration
ALCAP • Common Traffic
Control
AAL5 / ATM
AAL5 / ATM AAL2 / ATM
AAL5 / ATM
Same Physical Layer: STM-1 & E1

In UTRAN, Node B Signaling, User Data and Node B OAM are carried to the RNC over the Iub ATM interface.
AAL5 format is used for Control Plane and Management Plane:

} Node B Application Part common and dedicated (NBAP c&d),
} Node B OA&M,
} Transport Network Control Plane (ALCAP).
AAL2 format is used for User Plane:
} User Traffic (Voice and Data) to be transmit over the radio interface or received from the radio
interface,
} Non NBAP signaling (Radio Resource Control, Mobility Management, Session management, Call Control,
GPRS Mobility Management,…). SM, MM, GMM and CC are Non Access Stratum signaling (between UE
and Core Network) seen as User data from the transport network.

Self-Assessment on the Objectives
z Please be reminded to fill in the form

for this module
z The form can be found in the first part
of this course documentation


End of Module


Section 2
Product Overview


Section 2 · Page 1
Blank Page
Product Overview 2·2

Document History
01 2006-07-15 ALU Lannion First edition

Section 2 · Page 2
Objectives
At this end of this section the participant will be able to:
z Describe the main characteristics of the Pico Node B


Section 2 · Page 3
Objectives [cont.]


Section 2 · Page 4
Table of Contents
Page
z Pico Node B Concept
z 1Pico Node
Pico Node B Product Overview
B Concept 7
The Pico Node
z Network B (Pico BTS) Concept
Architecture with Pico BTS 8
Typical applications for the Pico BTS 9
Pico BTS compared to a Repeater 10
2 Pico Node B Product Overview 11
What is Pico BTS 1010 ? 12
Main Characteristics 13
Physical Overview 14
The Pico BTS main unit 15
Notes Page only (Standard Notes Text Field Extended) 16
3 Network Architecture with Pico BTS 17
Network Overview with Pico BTS for ATM Transport 18
Network Overview with Pico BTS for IP Transport 19
Network Elements 20
Self-Assessment on the Objectives 21
End of Module 22


Section 2 · Page 5

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Section 2 · Page 6
1 Pico Node B Concept


Section 2 · Page 7
The Pico Node B (Pico BTS) Concept
z Intended Applications
z Equipment size and weight constrained installations
z Network capacity increase
z In-building coverage solutions
z Main Features
z Compliant to 3GPP local range specifications
z Omni or sector single carrier site configuration
z Self sustained easy to install cabinet/unit
z Operation and Maintenance Macro or micro

BTS for general
z Local configuration on-site coverage/capacity
z Central configuration and control through OMC

Pico BTS for
dedicated indoor
coverage/capacit
y


Section 2 · Page 8
Typical applications for the Pico BTS
BTS Cluster BTS with distributed antenna system
Pico BTS
Pico BTS
Pico BTS
Iub to RNC
Iub to RNC


Section 2 · Page 9
Pico BTS compared to a Repeater
Product Overview 2 · 10
Low capacity need Higher capacity needed Even higher capacity needed
From donor
Macro BTS
Pico BTS
Pico BTS
Repeater Pico BTS
Iub to RNC
Iub to RNC
Replace with single Replace with cluster of

Repeater system
Pico BTS Pico BTS


2 Pico Node B Product Overview


What is Pico BTS 1010 ?
z A small radio base station easy to install and maintain

z Power supply via standard AC mains connector
z One person can easily install hardware in a few minutes
z No regular maintenance required
z Acts a complete local area, Pico, cell UMTS Node B for FDD
z can be connected to RNC in the same way as a macro and micro Node B
z Single cell single carrier
z 250 mW output power
z Up to 1000 m cell range
z Traffic handling as a macro or micro Node B, including e.g.
z RAB services
z Handover scenarios (hard/soft)
z HSDPA services
z HSUPA services
z Terminates ATM Iub over

z Up to 4 PCM links (E1/J1/T1) with IMA
z or 1 x optical STM-1/OC-3c (product variant)
z Terminates IP Iub over

z 1 x 100BASE-TX Ethernet


Main Characteristics
z UMTS Node B compliant to 3GPP Release 6 BTS Class “Local

Area Base Station” specifications
z 2100Mhz UMTS frequency band
z Single carrier 250 mW RF output power
z Single transmitter - Receiver diversity
z Modem capacity
z High capacity (80 simultaneous voice calls AMR 12.2)
z Medium capacity (40 simultaneous voice calls AMR 12.2)
z Physical characteristics
z 7 liter 6 kg + 2kg for support unit
z Convection cooled (no fan)
z Mounting
z Vertical mounting
z For Wall and pole mounting
z Operating environment
z IP30 for site (IP51 for main unit)
z -5 to +45 °C operating temperature range
z Power
z AC power supply
z < 70 Watt power dissipation


Physical Overview
z Main unit hosting all electronics

z except AC/DC converter
z Wall mounting kit for installation

Wall Mounting kit
z including Pico BTS specific
Main Unit
AC/DC converter AC/DC

Converter
z AC/DC connected to power mains
via regular power plug
z Antenna system
z Use external system
z Or optional integrated antenna Cover
Integrated Antenna (option)
(option)
z Optional cover on front to
z enhance appearance
z and protect site cabling


The Pico BTS main unit
z Size and Weight

z 430 x 274 x 96 mm
} 111mm incl. wall mounting bracket
} Plus plastic cover
z 6kg
z 7 liters
EMC Lid Space for
z Units never opened in field Integrated
Antenna
z No replaceable parts inside
z All connections accessible from outside
Connector
z Connectors on main unit Panel
z DC input
z Transmission
z RF
Carrying
z External Alarm Handle
Heat Sink
z Local Management
with Cooling
Fins


Notes Page only (Standard Notes Text Field Extended)


3 Network Architecture with Pico BTS


Network Overview with Pico BTS for ATM Transport
Core
O&M IP Network
Network
OMC Iu
Radio Access
Network (UTRAN)
NTP server RNC
Iub (ATM)
O&M IP
over
ATM
Pico
Node B
Local
Management Uu
Terminal (LMT)
User
Equipment


Network Overview with Pico BTS for IP Transport
Core
O&M IP Network
Network
OMC Iu
Radio Access
Network (UTRAN)
NTP server IP RNC
Iub (IP)
O&M
SGW
Public IP
Network
Local IP Pico
Management Node B
Terminal (LMT)
Uu
User
Equipment


Network Elements
z Pico BTS (UMTS radio base station for local area, Pico, cell coverage)
z ATM backhaul using E1/J1/T1
z ATM backhaul using optical STM-1/OC-3c
z IP backhaul using Ethernet
z LMT (Local Management Terminal)

z Software tool for a PC
z For Commissioning and On-site trouble shooting and maintenance
z For Remote trouble shooting
z SNMP/FTP based protocol towards Pico Node
z OMC (Operation and Maintenance Center)

z For supervision of the network elements
z NTP Server
z Used by Pico BTS to obtain calendar time
z Used by IP Pico BTS to obtain time stamps for the synchronization
z Standard NTP server (not necessarily deployed locally on O&M network)
z SGW (Security Gateway)

z Used in IP transport network to obtain protected communication in public IP
network


for this module


End of Module


Section 3
Pico Node B Architecture,

Configuration & Installation


Section 3 · Page 1
Blank Page
Pico Node B Architecture, Configuration and Installation 3·2

Document History

Section 3 · Page 2
Objectives
At this end of this module the participant will be able to:
z Describe the Pico Node B Architecture, the UMTS BTS 1010

configurations and installation steps.


Section 3 · Page 3
Objectives [cont.]


Section 3 · Page 4
Table of Contents
Page
z Deploying Pico BTS
z Pico
1 BTS Pico
Deploying installation
BTS 7
z RF interconnectthe
Connecting of the Pico BTS
main unit 8
Antenna configurations for Pico BTS 9
z Software Architecture
The integrated antenna for the Pico BTS 10
2 Pico BTS installation 11
Site installation options 12
Wall mounting: Step 1 13
The cabling 15
AC connector plug on AC/DC converter 16
Wall mounting: Step 4 ... 18
Pole and ceiling mounting of Pico BTS 19
Pico BTS installation – cooling aspects 20
Pico WCDMA BTS installation under a blind ceiling 21
3 Connecting the main unit 22
Connections on Pico BTS main unit 23
Transmission interfaces 24
Pico BTS variant for ATM over PCM backhaul 25
Pico BTS variant for ATM over Optical STM-1/OC-3c 26
Pico BTS variant for IP backhaul (planned) 27
Connector panel of the Pico BTS 28
Connector panel on Pico for ATM over PCM 29
Connector panel on Pico for ATM over STM-1/OC-3c 30
Pico for ATM over Optical Fiber STM-1/OC-3c
31
Pico
Pico Node for ATM over STM-1/OC-3c All rights reserved © 2007, Alcatel-Lucent
B description 32
4 Software Architecture 33
Pico BTS Product Structure – Key Concepts 34
NBM and NPP 35
Application Software and Configuration 36
Pico BTS Product Structure – Key Concepts 37
NPP 38
End of Module 40

Section 3 · Page 5

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Section 3 · Page 6
1 Deploying Pico BTS


Section 3 · Page 7
RF interconnect of the Pico BTS
z The Pico BTS main unit is equipped with

z One transmitter branch
z Two receiver branches
z The unit has two RF connectors (QMA 50Ω)

z Tx/RxA (transmitter plus receiver branch A)
z RxB (receiver branch B)
z The unit can be soft configured to execute in

z Diversity mode, i.e. Both RxA and RxB is used
z Non-diversity Combined mode,

i.e. RxA is used and RxB switched off
z Non-diversity Split mode,

i.e. RxB is used and RxA switched off
z The different modes can be used to support different kind of

installation scenarios....


Section 3 · Page 8
Antenna configurations for Pico BTS
Diversity Rx
RxB RxB
Antenna
Combined Rx/Tx
Antennas
Pico
Pico
Combined Rx/Tx
Tx/RxA Tx/RxA
Antenna
External Antennas
A) Integrated Antenna or B) Passive DAS using couplers
External Antennas
RxB RxB
Combined Rx/Tx Combined
Active DAS
Pico
Pico
Master
Antennas Rx/Tx
Antennas
Tx/RxA Tx/RxA
C) Passive DAS using splitters D) Active DAS


Section 3 · Page 9
The integrated antenna for the Pico BTS
Pico Node B Architecture, Configuration and Installation 3 · 10
z Optional integrated antenna

z Screwed to the front of the main unit
z Support for receiver diversity
z Hidden behind plastic cover
z Characteristics when mounted on unit

z Polarization: Dual Slant ±45°
z Antenna Gain 6 dBi
z Half Power Beam width:
} 70° horizontal
} 70° vertical


2 Pico BTS installation


Site installation options
z Wall mounting
z Default
z Mounting bracket screwed to wall
z Pico hanged on bracket
z Pole mounting
z Optional Pole mounting kit for mounting wall bracket on a pole
z Ceiling mounting
z Optional Pole for mounting in the ceiling
z Mounting Pico on the pole using a Pole mounting kit
z Important! Convection cooling requires free airflow

z Vertical mounting only
z Need to follow some few basic rules to ensure sufficient cooling


Wall mounting: Step 1
z Fastening wall mounting bracket to wall


z Preparing the cabling

z AC mains
z Transmission
z External antennas (if used)
z External alarms (if used)


The cabling
Power
PowerCable
Cable
Support Unit
RF Cable
Transmission
Cables


AC connector plug on AC/DC converter
IEC C14 IEC C16

High temp connector
Ordinary ”PC connector”
(”kettle plug”)


z Mounting the unit on the mounting bracket


Wall mounting: Step 4 ...
z Connecting the cables to the main unit

z Connecting the LMT and performing commissioning ....
z Described more later....
z And finally removing LMT cable ... And fitting the cover
z Fit the cover by first fitting the tab on the top of the cover into the corresponding
slot on the Node B unit, and then firmly press the left and right edges until they
click into position


Pole and ceiling mounting of Pico BTS
Optional pole
for ceiling
mounting
Optional pole Default wall

mounting kit mounting bracket


Pico BTS installation – cooling aspects
z The Pico BTS is convection cooled

z No fan required
z Max ambient +45C
z Solar radiation <700 W/m2
z Main unit depends on free airflow over

cooling flanges on its backside
z Only vertical mounting allowed
z Minimum free distances
} 10 cm below
} 20 cm above
} 10 cm aside
z Avoid placing over hot other equipment
z Unit has built in temperature monitoring and

supervision
z In case of overtemp unit will issue alarm
and switch off traffic to minimize power
dissipation
z But cannot switch everything off
} AC/DC always on
} Backhaul interconnect and controller always on
z Internal temperature can be checked
locally or remotely using LMT


Pico WCDMA BTS installation under a blind ceiling
Ceiling
= 20 cm = 20 cm
Pico Node B Site Pico Node B Site
Wall
Inner Ceiling
= 10 cm = 10 cm
1) 2) Onthe
2) Using ceiling using the Ceiling
Ceiling
1) On
On wall
Wallusing
the Wall Mouning Kit and Wall Mounting
Mounting Kit Kits


3 Connecting the main unit


Connections on Pico BTS main unit
z Power supply
z Input to main unit is DC from AC/DC converter
z AC/DC converter in wall mounting bracket connects to AC 100-240 V 50-60Hz
z Only connect main unit to Pico specific AC/DC converter
z Transmission links (backhaul interconnect)

z Different variants of the Pico BTS supports different type of backhauls, see next
slide
z RF in/out
z 1 QMA for Tx/RxA
z 1 QMA for RxB diversity branch
z For connecting Pico internal antenna or external antenna system
z External alarm
z Two sensing ports (open or closed)
z For optional use on alarm sensing devices
z LMT port
z Ethernet port for connecting PC with LMT on site


Transmission interfaces
z Pico BTS exists in different hardware variants

for different type of transmission interfaces
z All hardware variants can use the same application software

z Firmware layer stored on Pico BTS unit hides most of the differences
z Configuration parameters, alarms, capabilities etc differs
z Currently available variants:

z Pico for ATM over PDH/PCM backhaul
z Pico for ATM over optical SDH/STM-1 or SONET/OC-3c
z Also planned is
z Pico for IP over Ethernet (prototype is available)


Pico BTS variant for ATM over PCM backhaul
z 1-4 PDH/PCM links terminated by the main unit
z 2 RJ45 connectors on the main unit

z Each connector terminates up to 2 PCM links (proprietary pinning)
z IMA always used if more than one PCM link (one IMA group per Pico)
z Interfaces software configurable between E1, T1 or J1
z Electrical interconnect:
z 120 Ohm E1
z 100 Ohm T1
z 110 Ohm J1


Pico BTS variant for ATM over Optical STM-1/OC-3c
z Single mode fiber
z LC connector
z 1310 nm laser (class 1)
z Software configurable between

z SDH/STM-1
z SONET/OC-3c


Pico BTS variant for IP backhaul (planned)
z Physical interconnect: 100baseT Ethernet
z Terminates native IP (not ATM over IP)
z Require
z Iub over IP support from RNC
z or external mediator between ATM and IP transport
z Working on a deployable prototype

z First prototype software running on a standard ATM-Pico is tested already
today


Connector panel of the Pico BTS
z All connectors on the main unit are collected on the connector panel
z Connector panel is hidden behind the cosmetic cover
Connector panel


Connector panel on Pico for ATM over PCM
Power ON,
Test, only for internal use Green LED
Error,Red LED
PCM A PCM B
DC Supply Power, only Auxilary External E1/T1/J1 (ATM) Local Management

RF connected with external (not used) Alarm Input Network
AC/DC converter (or in
future DC/DC converter)


Connector panel on Pico for ATM over STM-1/OC-3c
Power ON,
Test, only for internal use
Green LED
Error,Red LED
STM-1
DC Supply Power, only Auxilary Local Management

External STM-1/OC3
RF connected with external (not used) Alarm Input (ATM) Network STM-1/OC3 Transmission
AC/DC converter (or in status, Yellow LED
future DC/DC converter)


Pico for ATM over Optical Fiber STM-1/OC-3c


Pico for ATM over STM-1/OC-3c
z Fiber connector


4 Software Architecture


Pico BTS Product Structure – Key Concepts
Office data
operator configurable parameters for the BTS
Application Software Package APP

Software package for the BTS
”Node B firmware”
Stored in NBM during production
Possible to upgrade in field
”Node B module” NBM

Hardware of Pico WCDMA BTS main unit
”Node B platform” NPP

Combination of NBM and FW Node B = BTS


NBM and NPP
z NBM – the ”Node B hardware module” product

z The hardware of the main unit for the Pico BTS
} Without firmware
z exist in different types/variants, e.g.
} NBM010 = Pico for ATM PCM (E1/J1/T1)
} NBM004 = Pico with ATM STM-1/OC-3c interface
z And each variant may exist in several versions, e.g.
} NBM010 version R1-0-0 and R1-1-0
z NPP – the ”Node B platform package” product

z The hardware with its firmware
z Firmware is preloaded in factory
z But can be upgraded in field


Application Software and Configuration
z The “Application software package” (APP) product

z Includes the complete traffic operation functionality and O&M functions for
Pico BTS.
z Also supports the non-traffic test functions (for commissioning tests)
z Office Data
z A set of configuration parameters to be set by operator per BTS
z Most parameters are mandatory = must be provided
z Some parameters are optional = required depending on deployment of BTS
z Two levels of ”configuration” possible (”office data level”)

z ”O&M”
} only parameters required to establish remote O&M.
} Mainly intended to simplify initial commissioning
z “Complete”
} complete configuration that enables traffic services


Pico BTS Product Structure – Key Concepts
Office data
operator configurable parameters for Node B
All accesses from SW
to FW/HW via a well
Application Software Package APP defined ”API” called
Software package for Node B NPI
Node B platform interface NPI
Node B firmware
Stored in NBM during production
Possible to upgrade in field
Automatic
Node B module NBM compatibility check
Hardware of Pico Node B main unit
performed by O&M
Node B platform NPP tools before SW
Combination of NBM and FW upgrade allowed


NPP
z NPP exposes a well defined interface (NPI) to the application software

(APP)
z Makes it possible to run same APP on different NBM types and versions
z O&M tools (LMT/OMC) checks NPI compatibility before
downloading new APP to Pico BTS
z Each NBM type has its own NPP type

z Mostly they contain identical firmware, but configuration managment is strict
to prevent errors
z Each NPP version is only applicable for one NBM version

z E.g. NPP010 version R1-7-0 is only for NBM010 version R1-0-2
z Bug corrections and/or new features may require updates of the firmware
of the BTS
z A procedure referred to as ”firmware upgrade”
z Operator can use LMT to select and download a ”firmware upgrade package” to
the NBM
} Either locally or remotely
z This firmware upgrade will
} change version of the NPP
} but not change the version of the NBM



for this module


End of Module


Section 4
Pico Node B Functions and

Capacity


Section 4 · Page 1
Blank Page
Pico Node B Functions and Capacity 4·2

Document History

Section 4 · Page 2
Objectives
At the end of this section the participant should be able to:
z List the Pico Node B Functions and define the Pico Node B
Performance and Capacity


Section 4 · Page 3
Objectives [cont.]


Section 4 · Page 4
Table of Contents
Page
z Functionality of the Pico BTS
z 1Pico BTS operation
Functionality and maintenance
of the Pico BTS 7
Pico BTS
z Pico BTSfunctionality
performance– main areas
and capacity 8
Pico BTS basic device handling 9
Transmission related features in Pico BTS 10
O&M features in Pico BTS 11
O&M operations available 12
Traffic handling in Pico BTS 13
Operational Modes of Pico BTS 14
2 Pico BTS operation and maintenance 15
O&M tools for Pico BTS 16
LMT - Pico BTS Local Maintenance tool 17
O&M functions for Pico BTS 18
3 Pico BTS performance and capacity 19
Performance of Pico WCDMA BTS 20
Pico BTS receiver performance - detailed 21
LMT – view counters and gauges from BTS 22
LMT – view counters and gauges from BTS 23
Pico BTS capacity 24
Pico WCDMA BTS – different capacity variants 25
Pico BTS Max downlink capacity for R99 CS 26
Pico BTS Max uplink capacity for R99 CS 27
Pico BTS Max downlink capacity for R99 PS 28
Pico BTS Max uplink capacity for R99 PS 29
Pico BTS capacity for HSDPA 30
Pico BTS capacity for HSUPA
31
Summary
32
End of Module 34

Section 4 · Page 5

All rights blank

Section 4 · Page 6
1 Functionality of the Pico BTS


Section 4 · Page 7
Pico BTS functionality – main areas
z Basic Device handling

z Boot and platform
z File systems
z Device control and supervision
z Transmission
z Terminating backhaul interconnect (ATM, IMA etc)
z SSCOP links
z IP over ATM links
z IP interface
z Operation and maintenance (O&M)
z Terminating O&M links
z O&M operations
z Traffic handling
z Control plane
z User plane


Section 4 · Page 8
Pico BTS basic device handling
z Boot and platform

z Real time operating system
z Boot, device drivers ...
z File systems
z RAM file system
z FLASH file system (including internal backup)
z Device control and supervision
z Supervision of
} hardware, e.g processing system, radio
} software execution, e.g. Watchdog, internal echo
z Monitoring of external alarm ports
z Main reference clock control and supervision
} frequency reference retrieved from the incoming physical transmission line
} internal stable oven controlled oscillator slowly adjusted to follow transmission
line


Section 4 · Page 9
Transmission related features in Pico BTS
Pico Node B Functions and Capacity 4 · 10
z Terminating ATM backhaul including signaling layers, including

z Lower layers as
} PHY
} ATM
} IMA, if more than one physical line
z VP and VC’s
} Support for permanent statically configured PVCs for AAL5 and AAL2
} Support for different ATM service classes on different PVC: UBR, UBR+, CBR, VBR-nrt, VBR-rt
} VC shaping in uplink
} No policing
z Support for F4/F5 OAM
} Only end-to-end flow
} VP-AIS, VP-RDI, VC-AIS and VC-RDI
} Sink of LB cells
z Higher layers
} AAL5 links for control plane signaling
{ Including SSCOP
} AAL2 links for user plane signaling
} ALCAP
{ including Q2630.1 and Q2630.2
{ CAC for AAL2 based on info in request on ALCAP
z Terminating IP over ATM interface for O&M (SNMP, FTP) and NTP for calendar time
z Monitoring, supervision and performance data collection on all different layers

z Status check via LMT
z Alarms to LMT and OMC


O&M features in Pico BTS
z Terminating O&M links

z From LMT via local Ethernet port during on-site maintenance
z From LMT via IP over ATM for detailed remote troubleshooting or
maintenance
z From OMC for network managment
z O&M operations
z Triggered from LMT
z or Triggered from OMC
z or Autonomously generated by BTS, e.g.
} Shutdown at critical faults
} Alarm sending
} Generation of performance reports
} Different recovery operations, e.g.
{ Sw fault restart
{ Automatic rollback


O&M operations available
z Different O&M operations possible to perform using either LMT or OMC

z Configuration (all parameters can be changed both locally and remotely)
} At least some basic parameters need to be set at commissioing to enable remote
O&M
z Inventory list (check type and versions of NBM, NPP and APP)
z Software upgrade/rollback
z Fault managment (alarm list)
z State managment (lock/unlock, check states)
z Check status on communication links (PHY, ATM, IMA ...)
z Performance managment
} Monitoring on-line (last reading)
} Data collection to file (only triggered via OMC) for offline analysis
z O&M operations only possible to execute via LMT

z Test functions (transmitter test, link loopback...)
z Collect detailed data for troubleshooting
z Firmware upgrade


Traffic handling in Pico BTS
z Current released supported feature set, including e.g.

z Services for 3GPP Release 99
z Compressed mode via SF/2
z HSDPA and HSUPA
z Limitations
z No TX diversity
z Spreading factors:
} DL: 8-256
} UL: 4-256
z Physical/transport channels:
z No support for Secondary CPICH (not needed)
z S-CCPCH
} Max 3 S-CCPCH
} Max 2 FACH per S-CCPCH
} Max 4 FACH
z One PRACH
} Up to 4 pre-amble signatures
} AICH transmission timing must be ”1”


Operational Modes of Pico BTS
z Normal Mode
z Traffic services can be performed depending on configuration:
} ”O&M” Configuration (O&M remote communication capability only)
} ”Complete” Configuration (traffic service operation capability)
z Safe Mode
z Only basic O&M remote communication capability (if commissioned)
z A recovery state for a faulty normal mode software
z Default for a virgin, non-commissioned, Pico BTS delivered from factory
z Mode is changed by upgrade of software that manages Normal Mode
z Power Up Mode
z Only local O&M communication (LMT) possible via factory default IP address
z Intermediate mode directly after a cold start (power up)
z After 20s node automatically restarts to Normal/Safe
} Unless LMT is used to order ”stay in power up”
z Can be used for configuration, SW/FW update, test ...
} E.g. During comissioning
z Change to Normal Mode is done by a restart command from LMT


2 Pico BTS operation and maintenance


O&M tools for Pico BTS
z Local maintenance tool (LMT)

z SW tool which can be installed on any Windows PC, e.g. Laptop
z Can be connected to Pico BTS on site using cross-over Ethernet cable
z Can be connected to Pico BTS also remotely
} Use same IP over ATM connection as OMC
z OMC (Operation and Maintenance Center)
z OMC (via adapation layer) and LMT communicate with Pico BTS using
protocols
z SNMP
z FTP
z NB! Firewalls need to be open to allow this


LMT - Pico BTS Local Maintenance tool
Menus
Different
tabs for
differents views
Managed
object list
w status
Alarm list
LMT
connection
to Pico


O&M functions for Pico BTS
z State managment (SM)
z Configuration managment (CM)
z Fault managment (FM)
z Performance managment (PM)
z Test managment (TM)


3 Pico BTS performance and capacity


Performance of Pico WCDMA BTS
z Compliant to 3GPP release 6 performance requirements according to

TS25.104/141 for Local area base stations
z with the following limitations
} Main unit alone does not support co-location with other base stations
{ Can be solved by external filters
} Only supports those receiver performance requirements applicable for a Pico cell,
i.e.
{ Max 1000 m cell radius
{ Max 120 km/h vehicle speed
{ Max 2 us delay spread


Pico BTS receiver performance - detailed
The following restrictions are applied to demodulation performance compared to 3GPP TS25.104 Annex B.
B.1 STATIC PROPAGATION CONDITION
No restrictions
B.2 MULTI-PATH FADING PROPAGATION CONDITIONS
Restricted to cases where both
•Max Doppler < 120 km/h
•Max ray delay < 2 µs
This translates to the table below:
Multi-path fading propagating conditions with restrictions corresponding to a Pico-cell:
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4
3 km/h,
3 km/h 120 km/h 250 km/h
Max delay 20μs
Relative Average Relative Average

delay [ns] power [dB] delay [ns] power [dB]
0 0 0 0 Not applicable
for indoor
976 -10 781 260 -3 Pico-cell
(speed to
521 -6 high)
-9
B.3 MOVING PROPAGATION CONDITIONS

Restrict parameter A to 1 µs
B.4 BIRTH-DEATH PROPAGATION CONDITIONS
Restrict the group of random delays from +/-5 µs to [-1, 0, 1] µs


LMT – view counters and gauges from BTS
Select
which to
track


LMT – view counters and gauges from BTS


Pico BTS capacity
z General restriction for all Pico BTS variants:

For downlink Pico BTS supports
z Only primary scrambling code
z Plus alternate scrambling codes needed for compressed mode using spreading factor
reduction
z Secondary scrambling code not supported
z Traffic processing capacity is measured as ”number of channel elements” CE

z One AMR 12.2 kb/s speech call consumes 1 CE in Uplink + 1 CE in downlink
z Cost of different end-user services in Pico BTS

z Common channels in downlink: 3 CE (including mandatory channels + one S-CCPCH)
z Each signature on PRACH: 2 CE in uplink
z Dedicated channels; will be described below
z Compressed by spreading factor reduction costs extra in downlink while it is

active


Pico WCDMA BTS – different capacity variants
z Pico BTS comes in two capacity variants

z High capacity version (82 CE)
z Medium capacity version (42 CE)
z High capacity version has a base band processing capacity

corresponding to
z 83 CE in downlink
z 82 CE in uplink
z i.e. Max limit 80 simultaneous speech calls (12.2 kb/s AMR)
z Medium capacity version band processing capacity corresponding to

z 83 CE in downlink
z 42 CE in uplink
z i.e. Max limit 40 simultaneous speech calls (12.2 kb/s AMR)


Pico BTS Max downlink capacity for R99 CS
CS Service Cost CE / user DL High capacity Medium capacity
AMR<12.2 + SRB 1 80 80
12.2 AMR + SRB 1 80 80
14.4 kb/s + SRB 1 80 80
57.6 kb/s + SRB 2.65 30 30
64 kb/s + SRB 2.65 30 30
With the assumption of a minimum configuration of common channels


Pico BTS Max uplink capacity for R99 CS
CS Service Cost CE / user DL High capacity Medium capacity
AMR<12.2 + SRB 1 80 40
12.2 AMR + SRB 1 80 40
14.4 kb/s + SRB 1 80 40
57.6 kb/s + SRB 2.65 30 15
64 kb/s + SRB 2.65 30 15


Pico BTS Max downlink capacity for R99 PS
PS Service Cost CE / user UL High capacity Medium capacity
8 kb/s + SRB 1 80 80
16 kb/s + SRB 1 80 80
32 kb/s + SRB 2 40 40
64 kb/s + SRB 2.65 30 30
128 kb/s + SRB 5 15 15
256 kb/s + SRB 10 7 7
384 kb/s + SRB 10 7 7


Pico BTS Max uplink capacity for R99 PS
PS Service Cost CE / user UL High capacity Medium capacity
8 kb/s + SRB 1 80 40
16 kb/s + SRB 1 80 40
32 kb/s + SRB 2 40 20
64 kb/s + SRB 2.65 30 15
128 kb/s + SRB 5 15 7
384 kb/s + SRB 10 7 3


Pico BTS capacity for HSDPA
z High and medium capacity versions have the same processing capacity
in downlink,
but uplink capacity differs
z Pico BTS can handle up to 32 users in HSDPA
z CE consumption figures
z Each HS-PDSCH code: 5 CE in DL
z Each active radio link with HSDPA cost: 0.5 CE in UL
z Capacity example
User High capacity Medium capacity

HSDPA DL + 64 kb/s UL 16 15
with assumption of minimum configuration of other common channels


Pico BTS capacity for HSUPA
z For first release

z High capacity Pico BTS can handle up to 6 users with HSUPA UL and HSDPA
DL
} Peak user throughput for HSUPA will be 1.4 Mbit/s
} Peak cell throughput for HSUPA will be 2.8 Mbit/s
z Medium capacity Pico BTS can handle up to 2 users with HSUPA UL and
HSDPA DL
} Peak user throughput for HSUPA will be 1.4 Mbit/s
} Peak cell throughput for HSUPA will be 1.4 Mbit/s
z In future releases the capacity will be increased in terms of more users

and higher data rates


Summary



for this module


End of Module



3FL12909AA - (UA50 Pico NodeB Des)

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Alcatel-Lucent UMTS BTS 1010

Pico Node B Description

Alcatel-Lucent UMTS BTS 1010 - Pico Node B Description

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Module 2: Product Overview

Module 3: Architecture and configuration

Module 4: Functions and Capacity

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Welcome to Pico Node B Description

After successful completion of this course, you should understand :

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Did you meet the following objectives ?

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1 To be able to Locate the BTS within the

2 Describe the main characteristics of the

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01 YYYY-MM-DD Last name, first name First edition

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z Describe the main characteristics of the Pico Node B

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OMC-R, MDM, OMC-B

USER ACCESS SERVICES

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