Southern Luzon State University

College of Engineering

Mechanical Engineering Department

Lucban, Quezon

Assignment No. 3
In Heat Transfer
10 Solved Problems Regarding Radiation

Submitted by:

Mikesell, Nicole O.

BSME IV-GO

Submitted to:

Engr. Efren Daya

Instructor
1. A loaf bread at 120 ºC is cooling in air at 20 ºC. The dimension of the loaf is as 10 cm by 12
cm by 20 cm. h = 10 W/m2-K, 𝜀 loaf = 0.76, kloaf = 0.121. Determine at what rate does it radiate
energy?

Given: Required:

Qrad

𝜎 = 5.67 x 10-8 W/m2°K4

𝜀 loaf = 0.76

T = 120 ºC + 273 = 393 K

Solution:

Aloaf = 2 (0.2 × 0.12) + 2 (0.1 × 0.12) + 2 (0.2 × 0.1)

Aloaf = 0.112 m2

Q𝑟𝑎𝑑 = A ε σ T4

Q𝑟𝑎𝑑 = (0.112𝑚2 )(0.76)(5.67𝑥10−8 )(393 𝐾)4

Q𝑟𝑎𝑑 = 115.13 𝑊

2. If the surface area of 0.5 m2, emissivity 𝜀 = 0.8 and temperature of 150°C is placed in a large,
evacuated chamber whose walls are maintained at 25°C. What is the net rate at which radiation is
exchanged between the surface and the chamber walls?

Given: Required:

𝜀 = 0.8 Qrad

A = 0.5m2

T = 150°C + 273 = 423 K

T0 = 25 °C + 273 = 298 K

𝜎 = 5.67 x 10-8 W/m2-K4

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Solution:

𝑄𝑟𝑎𝑑 = 𝐴 𝜀 σ (T4 – T04)

Qrad = (0.5 m2) (0.8) (5.67 x 10-8W/m2°K)[(423°K)4 – (298°K)4]

Qrad = 547.2556 W

3. Under steady state operation, a 50 W incandescent light bulb has a surface temperature
of 135°C when the room air is at a temperature of 25°C. The radiant heat transfer from the bulb
surface to its surroundings is 10.2 W. Determine the radius of the sphere, gray surface of
emissivity 0.8.

Given: Required:

Tsurface = 25°C +273 = 298K T = 135°C + 273 = 408K Radius, r

10.2 W

50W bulb

𝜀 = 0.8

𝜎 = 5.67 x 10-8 W/m2-K4

Solution:

𝑄𝑟𝑎𝑑 = 𝐴 𝑒 𝜎 𝑇 4 ; 𝑄 = 𝐴 𝑒 𝜎 (T4-Tsurface4)

𝑄𝑟𝑎𝑑 = 𝐴 𝑒 𝜎 (𝑇 4 − 𝑇𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 4)

𝑄𝑟𝑎𝑑
𝑟= √
𝜋(𝑒 𝜎 (𝑇 4 − 𝑇𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 4 ))
10.2 𝑊
𝑟 = √𝜋((0.8)(5.67 𝑥 10−8 W/𝑚2 K)(408𝐾4 −298𝐾4 ))

r = 0.06 m = 60 mm

4. A metal sphere 3 cm in radius is heated in a furnace to 500°C. If its emissivity is 0.5,

determine at what rate does it radiate energy?

Given: Required:

r = 3 cm = 0.03 m Qrad

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 𝜀 = 0.5

𝜎 = 5.67 x 10-8 W/m2-K4

T = 500°C + 273 = 773K

Solution:

𝑄𝑟𝑎𝑑 = A ε σ T4

Qrad= [4𝜋(0.03m)2](0.5)( 5.67x10-8W/m2)(773°K)4]

Qrad = 114.48 W

5. The filament of a 75 W light bulb may be considered as a black body radiating into a black
enclosure at 700 C. the filament diameter is 0.10 mm and length is 5 cm. considering the
radiation, determine the filament temperature .

Given: Required:

Filament Temp, T1
d = 0.1 mm

Q = 75W = 75 J/s

T2 = 70 +273 = 343 K

L = 5 cm

𝜀 = 1 for black body

𝜎 = 5.67 x 10-8 W/m2-K4

Solution:

𝑄𝑟𝑎𝑑 = 𝐴 𝑒 𝜎 (𝑇14 − 𝑇24 ) ; A = πdL

75 𝑊 = (𝜋)(0.1𝑚𝑚)(0.05𝑚𝑚)(1)(5.67𝑥10−8 𝑊/𝑚2 𝐾 4 ) (𝑇14 − (343𝐾)4 )

4 75
𝑇1 = √ − 3434
8.906𝑥10−13

T1 = 3029 K – 273

T1 = 2756℃

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6. The vertical side of an electronics box is 40 x 30 cm with the 40 cm side vertical. What is the
maximum radiation energy that could be dissipated by this side if its temperature is not to exceed
60 °C in an environment of 40 °C, and its emissivity is 0.8?

Given: Required:

30cm Qrad

40cm

𝜀 = 0.8

T1 = 60℃ + 273 = 333K

T2 = 40℃ + 273 = 313K

𝜎 = 5.67 x 10-8 W/m2-K4

Solution:

𝑄𝑟𝑎𝑑 = A ε σ (𝑇14 − 𝑇24 )

𝑄𝑟𝑎𝑑 = (0.4m)(0.3m)(0.8)(5.67x10−8 W/𝑚2 𝐾 4 ((333𝐾)4 − (313𝐾)4 )

Qrad = 14.7 W

7. What is the emissivity of a wall having a surface area of 0.5 m2 and a temperature of 200℃. It
emits a rate of radiation of 726 W.

Given: Required:

T = 200℃ + 273 = 473K

A = 0.5 m2

726 W

𝜎 = 5.67 x 10-8 W/m2-K4

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Solution:

𝑄𝑟𝑎𝑑 = A ε σ T4

726W = (0.5𝑚2 )(ε )(5.67x10−8 W/𝑚2 𝐾 4 )(473𝐾)4

726 𝑊
ε= (0.5𝑚2 ) (5.67x10−8 W/𝑚2 𝐾4 )(473𝐾)4

ε = 0.51

8. A sphere of radius 3 cm acts like a black body. It is equilibrium with its surroundings and
absorbs 30 kW of power radiated to it from surroundings. What is the temperature of the sphere?

Given: Required:

Temperature, T

r = 3 cm

𝜎 = 5.67 x 10-8 W/m2-K4

𝜀 = 1 for black body

Qrad = 30x103W

Solution:

𝑄𝑟𝑎𝑑 = A ε σ T4

4 𝑄
T= √
𝐴 𝜀𝜎

4 30𝑥103 𝑊
T =√ 𝑊
[4𝜋(0.03𝑚)2 ](1)(5.67𝑥10−8 2 4 )
𝑚 −𝐾

T = 2615.3 °K – 273

T = 2342.3℃

9. A black body at 3000 °K emits radiation. Calculate the (a) total emissive power

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Given: Required:

(a) 𝜀 black body= 1 Qrad

𝑇 = 3000°K
𝜎 = 5.67 x 10-8 W/m2-K4

Solution:
𝑄
= 𝜀𝜎𝑇4
𝐴
𝑄 𝑊
= (1)(5.67 𝑥 10-8𝑚2 )(3000°K)4
𝐴
𝑄 𝑊
= 4592700 𝑚2
𝐴

10. The filament of a light bulb is cylindrical with length L = 20 mm and radius r = 0.05 mm.
The filament is maintained at a temperature T = 5000 K by an electric current. What is the total
power radiated by the filament?

Given: Required:

L = 20 Radiation Energy, P
r = 0.05 mm
T = 5000 K
𝜎 = 5.67 x 10-8 W/m2-K4
Solution:
P = A σ T4
P = 2πrLσT4
P = 2π(0.05 × 103 m)(0.02 m)(5.6 × 10-8 W • m2 K4 )(5000 K)4
P = 220 W

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