ENGLISH 105

“DIETARY PROGRAM TO DIABETUS MELITUS”

Academic : I’IN NOVIANA M.Pd

By : GROUP 9

1. Aan Anisyah K U (151001001)

2. Benny Wibowo (151001006)
3. Eva Febriani S (151001019)
4. Putri Ayu Natalia (151001037)

PROGRAM STUDI S1 KEPERAWATAN

SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU KESEHATAN
PEMKAB JOMBANG
2015 – 2016

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 PREFACE

Thank God I'm turning to the presence of Almighty God, because only for His grace
and guidance I can finish writing the paper in the form of a paper entitled tenses.The
source of this paper in the form of grammar books are added to the information obtained
from browsing on the Internet reference books and sources, other sources. Among the
sources I collated in accordance with this paper, so I think the data in this paper is quite
accurate.

In this paper surely there are many obstacles that I meet yet I managed to confront
and resolve this paper on time. Finally, if there is something in particular words that are not
pleasing to the reader's heart please excuse him. We hope this paper can be useful to reader

Jombang, September 18nd, 2017

Author

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER

PREFAC ...................................................................................................... ii

TABLES OF CONTENTS ......................................................................... iii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Issu Background..................................................................................1

1.2 Identification Problem .......................................................................1
1.3 Writing Purpose ..................................................................................1

CHAPTER II DUSCISSION

2.1 Role OfAccident And Emergancy Nurse ...........................................2

2.2 Role OfICU Nurse ..............................................................................3
2.3 Role OfRadhiology Nurse...................................................................4
2.4 Role Of Pediatric Ward .......................................................................6
2.5 Role OfGerontricWard........................................................................8

CHAAPTER III CLOSING

3.1 Conclution ........................................................................................10

3.2 Suggestion ........................................................................................10

REFERENCES

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 CHAPTER 1
PRELIMINARY

1.1 ISSUE BACKGROUND

Nurses are a very important part of the medical system. Their daily
responsibilities include general administrative tasks, medical duties and patient care.
They provide primary care to patients and prepare them for consultations or medical
interventions. Nurses can work in public or private hospitals, doctor's private
practices, private clinics, hospice or nursing homes. Nurses must be able to establish
interpersonal relationships with the medical staff and the patient's family and keep
them permanently informed about the patient's condition.

1.2 IDENTIFICATION PROBLEMS (BACKGROUND)

1. How the role of the nurse in the emergency room ?
2. How the role of the nurse in the ICU?
3. How the role of the nurse in the radiology ward?
4. How the role of the nurse in the geriatric ward?
5. How the role of the nurse in pediatric ward?

1.3 WRITING PURPOSE

1. To Know how the role of the nurse in the emergency room ?
2. To Know how the role of the nurse in theicu
3. To Know how the role of the nurse in the radiology ward
4. To Know how the role of the nurse in thegeriatric ward
5. To Know how the role of the nurse in pediatric ward

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 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

2.1 Accident & Emergency Department (A&E)

An emergency department (ED), also known as an accident &

emergency department (A&E), emergency room(ER) or casualty department,
is a medical treatment facility specializing in emergency medicine,
the acute care of patients who present without prior appointment; either by
their own means or by that of an ambulance. The emergency department is
usually found in a hospital or other primary care center.
a. Due to the unplanned nature of patient attendance, the department must
provide initial treatment for a broad spectrum of illnesses and injuries,
some of which may be life-threatening and require immediate attention.
In some countries, emergency departments have become important
entry points for those without other means of access to medical care.
b. The emergency departments of most hospitals operate 24 hours a day,
although staffing levels may be varied in an attempt to reflect patient
volume.
2.1.1Responsibilities
a. Check airway breatingsirculation
b. Visit to patients at least 10 minutes in patients with disorders airway
c. Record all the patient's progress per system
d. Vital signs every 10 minutes or so
e. The administration of drugs either IV , IM , SC
f. Check oxygen
g. Infusions do not be late
h. Taking care of the bodies
i. Check the awareness
j. The release catheter
k. Infusion release

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2.2 Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
a. An Intensive Care Unit (ICU), also known as an intensive therapy unit or
intensive treatment unit (ITU) or critical care unit (CCU), is a special
department of a hospital or health care facility that provides intensive care
medicine.
b. Intensive care units cater to patients with severe and life-threatening
illnesses and injuries, which require constant, close monitoring and
support from specialist equipment and medications in order to ensure
normal bodily functions. They are staffed by highly trained doctors and
nurses who specialise in caring for critically ill patients. ICU's are also
distinguished from normal hospital wards by a higher staff-to-patient ratio
and access to advanced medical resources and equipment that is not
routinely available elsewhere. Common conditions that are treated within
ICUs include ARDS, trauma, multiple organ failure and sepsis.
c. In the process of weaning ventilator What do based on the circumstances
Patient and laboratory data OR bedside monitor .
d. In Treatment titration inotropes , vasodilators , tranquilizers , analgesics ,
insulin and Drug reclining adjustment can be performed by ICU NURSES
based on clinical and laboratory data .
e. In dealing with CASE hypotension can be a challenge to test
COPYRIGHT WORKS MORE PT Putra if Failed discussed dengn ICU
doctor .
f. Nurses in the ICU can be acted hearts administrative aspect , Talk with
friends or family patient . The task lay Bias as fisioterpis , administration
rooms , social workers and Supervisors room.
2.2.1 Skill And Criteria
a. Intensive care nurse is a nurse who has received training and education in
the field of care or intensive therapy for at least 6 months or a nurse who
has worked at the ministry in the ICU at least 1 year ;
b. Every nurse on duty in the ICU must have certain qualifications , to
understand the function of ICU , working procedures and equipment used
to maintain the quality of care , prevent complications and prevent
damage to the advanced tools / expensive ;

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 The number of nurses needed is ( the ratio of nurses to patients ) is Ideal =
1 : 1 , Optimal = 1 : 2 , Minimum = 1 : 3
2.3 RADIOLOGY WARD
a. Radiology is a medical specialty that uses imaging to diagnose and treat
diseases seen within the body. Radiologists use a variety of imaging
techniques such as X-ray radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography
(CT), nuclear medicine including positron emission tomography (PET),
and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to diagnose and/or treat diseases.
Interventional radiology is the performance of (usually minimally
invasive) medical procedures with the guidance of imaging technologies.
b. The acquisition of medical imaging is usually carried out by the
radiographer, often known as a radiologic technologist. Depending on
location, the diagnostic radiologist, or reporting radiographer, then
interprets or "reads" the images and produces a report of their findings and
impression or diagnosis. This report is then transmitted to the physician
who ordered the imaging, either routinely or emergently. Imaging exams
are stored digitally in the picture archiving and communication system
(PACS) where they can be viewed by all members of the healthcare team
within the same health system and compared later on with future imaging
exams.
Nurses employed in medical imaging are at the cutting edge of clinical
technology. A diverse range of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are
carried out that radiology nurses may be required to perform, such as
peripheral intravenous cannulation and image guided insertion of central
venous access devices. They assist radiologists and other specialists who
use imaging to carry out a large variety of other procedures including:
c. Diagnosing and treating disease in blood vessels (angiography and
angioplasty)
d. Draining fluid collections and abscesses in various parts of the body
e. Diagnostic procedures for bowel and bladder problems
f. Assisting patients and their carers with any questions or concerns about
their procedure.
g. Assessing a patient’s prior and current health, including any allergies and
other health issues.
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h. Monitoring a patient’s vital signs; that is, blood pressure, temperature,
critically analysing any changes, and then reporting and acting on those
findings.
i. Administering and overseeing intravenous injections of contrast medium
(solutions that enable the area of the body being imaged to show more
clearly on the images or pictures).
j. Administering any required medications and light sedation when used.
k. Preparing patients for their procedure, including the use of antiseptic
solutions and other methods of minimising the risk of infection.
l. Providing anaesthetic assistance when patients need to be drowsy
(sedated) or asleep (using general anaesthesia) during the procedure.
m. Monitoring the recovery and discharge of patients after their procedure.
n. Radiology nurses must have a working knowledge of radiation safety, as
well as all aspects of occupational health and safety and infection control
o. The nurse will need to have completed your nursing degree and be able to
nurse the diverse range of patients that receive radiology tests and
procedures.
p. Imaging-specific skills will be gained whilst working in the radiology
department, and many departments run comprehensive orientation
programs.
q. Skills, knowledge and practical aspects of many procedures in radiology
are fundamental to most other nursing specialties and are applicable to
nursing care delivered in the following settings :
 High dependency units
 Intensive care
 Operating theatres
 Emergency departments
 Endoscopy suites
 Cardiac catheter laboratories
 Nuclear medicine

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2.4 PEDIATRIC WARD
1. Role of the pediatric nurse
The role of pediatric nurse in both catring and curing. Caring is a
continouns process in both wellness and illness. It refers a helping, guiding
and counseling. Curing refersto the act of diagnosis and management , usually
during illness.

Pediatric nurse have the responsibilities of providing nursing care in

hospital , home, clinical, school and community where children and their
parents have health and conseling needs.
Roles of pediatric nurse are
a. Primary caregiver
b. Health educator
c. Nurse- counselor
d. Social worker
e. Team coordinator and collaborator
f. Manager
g. Child care advocate
h. Recreationist
i. Nurse consultant
j. Nurse researcher

2. Primary care giver

Pediatric nurse should provide preventive, promotive, curative and
rehabilitative care in all levels of health services. In hospital, care of sick
children includes comfort, feeding, bathing, safety etc. At community set up,
basic responsibilities include health assessment, immunization, primary
health care & referral etc
3. Coordinator & Collaborator
The nurse plays an extremely important role with the combination of
health care team members. Nurse maintains good inter personal
communication with the child, family and health team members. The nurse
coordinates nursing care with other services for meeting the needs of child.
For ex: physician, social worker, surgeon, physiotherapist, dietician etc.

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4. Nurse Advocate
The pediatric nurse acts as an advocate to safeguard the child’s right,
to assist & to provide best care from the health care team. Nurse acts as a
representative for the child, family & other health care providers. Ex: it can
range from consulting dietary department for special foods to arrange team
meeting to discuss plan of care with other health team members.
5. Health Educator
The nurse’s goal of health teaching is to provide information to the
childparents and significant other about prevention of illness, promotion or
health maintenance. Characteristics of nurse teacher includes 4 Cs C —
Confidence C — Competence C — Communication C — Caring & empathy
6. Nurse Consultant
The pediatric nurse can act as consultant to guide parents for
maintenance and promotion of health. For ex: Guiding parents about feeding
practices, accident prevention
7. Nurse Counselor
Providing guidance to parents in health hazards of children and
healththem for own decision making in different situations.
8. Case Manager
The pediatric nurse should organize care, monitor and evaluate patient
treatment for successful outcome. She/he acts as a manager of pediatric care
units in hospital clinics and community.
9. Recreationist
The pediatric nurse plays supportive role for the child to provide play
facilities for recreation and diversion. It helps to decrease crisis imposed by
illness or hospitalization.
10. Social Worker
Pediatric nurse can participate in social services or refer child & family
t child welfare agencies for necessary support.
11. Nurse researcher
Research is an integral part of professional nursing. Pediatric nurse
should participate or perform research activities. It helps to provide basis for
changes in nursing practice, improvement in the child health care and
evaluate the care.
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2.5 GERIATRIC WARD
1. Geriatric Nurse Job Description Sample
Geriatric nurses work specifically with elderly patients. They perform
mental as well as physical healthcare on aged patients.

As people grow older, their health may start to fail and they would
need regular healthcare and assistance. This is basically what a geriatric
nurse’s duty is all about.

Their job description entails assisting elderly patients suffering from

terminal illnesses like cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, cancer, high
blood pressure, osteoporosis, cataract, cardiovascular diseases, arthritis and
lots of other diseases.

If a patient is bedridden, a geriatric nurse would provide care for such a

patient too. These nurses also play the role of taking care of aged patients
with mental conditions.

They could help to feed them, cloth them, administer drugs and
sometimes, help with moral support and therapy.
Geriatric nurses can work in hospitals, mental care facilities, assisted living
centers, private clinics, nursing homes and community health centers.

Some of these professionals may also own private practices which

involves visiting the homes of their patients to care for them.

They also help to give advice to the families of their patients to help
them understand and cope with illnesses.

2. Sample Job Description of a Geriatric Nurse

Below is a job description sample for the post of a geriatric nurse,
consisting of key duties, tasks, and responsibilities they are usually required to
perform.
This can also be used in writing a good resume for seeking employment as
a nurse in a hospital’s geriatric unit or and other medical centers.

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a. Assist doctors in providing healthcare and support to elderly patients
b.Help to bathe bedridden patients to prevent bedsores
c. Understand patients medications and administer them to clients as and
when due
d. Help to conduct regular screenings and routine check-up on patients
e. Help to assess the cognitive skills and mental status of their patients
f. Observe, understand, and manage peculiar old age health concerns like
incontinence, insomnia, loss of strength and appetite, sexual issues as
well as mobility challenges
g.Help to educate the families and caregivers of their patients on the best
ways to care for them and keep them safe
h. Assist doctors with medical examinations and administer prescribed
treatments
i. Help to maintain a chart for their patients in order to have accurate
records of patient’s medical history, treatment plan and progress
j. Help to perform prescribed tests on their patients, like blood pressure
checks, temperature, respiration, pulse and blood sugar.

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 CHAPTER III
CLOSING

3.1 Conclusion

Nursing is the art and science of caring for the sick and injured. Part of nursing
is an art because an art is a skill or ability acquired through training and experience.
There are many purpose of nursing and nursing procedures includes nursing tries to
keep, promote and return to patient’s health

Hospitals admit two general classes of patients. One class consists of those
patients who need surgical treatment and the other group includes those patient not in
need of surgery. This group is on the medical service. It is made of patients in need of
: general medicine treatment; psychiatric treatment; cardiology treatment,
communicable disease treatment and pediatric care.

3.2 Suggestion

We recommend that students need to better understand and describe the

definition, purpose and function of the health The tools Theory. With the knowledge
of students are expected to distribute and apply them in daily life and practice
environments.

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 REFERENCES

https://www.slideshare.net/rdhaker2011/pediatric-nursingppt-unit-i

https://www.slideshare.net/UdayKumar3/role-of-pediatric-nurse-in-child-care

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_department

http://jobdescriptionandresumeexamples.com/geriatric-nurse-job-description-sample/

https://www.slideshare.net/luzmaristela/roles-and-responsibilities-of-geriatric-nursing

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