15 GSM interview questions and answers | GSM Questionnaire file:///C:/Users/lala/Documents/15 GSM interview questions and answers...

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15 GSM interview questions and RF WIRELESS

answers TUTORIALS
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This page covers GSM questionnaire set prepared by experienced
specialists in GSM/GPRS domain. GSM jobs are available at various 802.11ac | IoT |

levels such as testing,maintenance,installation,development and so on. RADAR | satellite |

These top 15 GSM interview questions and answers help engineers Waveguide |
seeking GSM technology related job to crack the interview with
ease.These questions are very useful as viva questions also.

Question -1.Explain the call flow of mobile originated call and mobile
terminated call flow in GSM.
Answer -1.Call originated from mobile to the other subscriber through
base station is referred as mobile originated call or MO Call. Call
originated from base station and getting terminated on mobile subscriber
is referred as mobile terminated call or MT Call. Suppose mobile
subscriber-A is calling mobile subscriber-B via base station then call from
A to base station is referred as MO call and from base station to B is
referred as MT call. There are two main categories of calls in GSM i.e.
CS call (Circuit Switched Call) and PS Call (Packet Switched Call).

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Following are the links which describes all the call flow messages
between base station and mobile subscriber for both the MO/MT CS call
and MO/MT PS call.
CS MO Call
CS MT Call
PS downlink MT call
PS uplink MO call

Question -2.Explain the GSM frame structure..

Answer -2. There are two frame structures in GSM viz. 51 frame
multiframe and 26 frame multiframe. Interviewer expects both of them to
be answered with frame duration including
divisions(slot,frame,multiframe,superframe and hyperframe). As we know
GSM frame will have 8 time slots having duration of 4.615ms and each
slot of 0.577 ms duration. 26 frame multiframe is used for traffic channel
and SACCH channel and is of duration of about 120ms. 51 frame
multiframe is used for control or signalling purpose and is of duration of
about 235ms. Refer GSM frame structure to know more in depth of these
frames.
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Question -3. Explain the GSM channel types. RF Components
Answer -3. There are two main types in GSM logical channels and Optical Components

physical channels. Physical channel means allocated one frequency and Difference btw SC-
FDMA,OFDM
one time slot on which logical channel data is carried into the air. Logical
LTE EARFCN calculator
channel is divided into two main types based on the information is carried
on it viz. traffic channel and signalling channel. Traffic channels are TCH
Half rate and TCH full rate. COntrol or signalling channels are divided
into three main categories based on their function i.e. broadcast control

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channel(BCH),common control channel(CCCH) and dedicated control

channel(DCH). Broadcast channels are FCCH,SCH and BCCH.
Common control channels are PCH,AGCH,RACH and AGCH. Dedicate
control channels are SDCCH,SACCH and FACCH. Refer GSM Channel
types for more.

Question -4. What are the difference frequency bands supported in

GSM?
Answer -4. There are four categories of frequency bands supported by
GSM standard. It includes GSM850,GSM900,DCS1800 and PCS1900
bands. Refer GSM frequency bands page to know all the supported
bands in GSM technology.

Question -5. What is the difference between GSM and GPRS?

Answer -5. GSM is mainly developed for carrying voice traffic while
GPRS is developed for data traffic. In GSM 51 frame and 26 frame
multiframe structure is used. In GPRS 52 frame multiframe is used.
GPRS supports CS1,CS2,CS3 and CS4 modulation and coding
schemes.EGPRS supports MCS1 to MCS9. Refer GSM versus GPRS
for more.

Question -6. Explain GMSK modulation scheme?

Answer -6. GMSK stands for Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying. GMSK
modulation

Question -7. Explain the difference between TDMA, FDMA and CDMA?
Answer -7. TDMA,FDMA and CDMA are access techniques to utilize
time,frequency and code respectively. TDMA means Time Division
Multiple Access,FDMA means Frequency Division Multiple Access and
CDMA means Code Division Multiple Access. GSM uses both TDMA and
FDMA. FDMA comes by dividing the frequency band say 890 to 915 and
935 to 960 MHz bands into sub-carriers of 200 KHz bandwidth each.
Hence by FDMA we get 124 subcarriers. TDMA comes by allocating
eight time slots TS0 to TS7 to each subcarrier. Refer TDMA,FDMA and
CDMA for more information.

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Question -8. What is RXQUAL? What is the relation between RXQUAL

and BER in GSM?
Answer -8. GPRS RXQUAL vs BER

Question -9. What is the function of FCCH and SCH in GSM?

Answer -9. FCCH channel SCH channel

Question -10. What is BSIC? Why it is needed in GSM system?

Answer -10. BSIC means Base Station Identity Code. It is 6 bits in size
and carried in GSM SCH channel. This BSIC will have 3 bits of BCC and
3 bits of NCC. BCC stands for Base Station color code and NCC stands
for Network Color Code. BSIC helps in differentiating and identifying the
correct cell when two similar cells with same broadcast frequencies are
transmitting. This is unique to all the GSM BTS.

Question -11. Explain types of handover.

Answer -11. Handover or Handoff refers to connection of mobile
subscriber with base station when mobile moves at higher speed. There
are various ways handover happens in GSM viz. within the same BTS
region, between BTS and another BTS, between BSC and another BSC.
The main types are hard handover and soft handover. Hard handover
means connection is broken with Active BTS cell before new connection
with neighbour cell is made. Soft handover means connection with new
BTS is first made before the connection with the active BTS cell is
broken. Refer GSM handoff to know more. Now-a-days handover
between two different RATs have become common due to demand and
availability of multi RAT features in single mobile terminals. Inter-RAT

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handover refers to handover betwen GSM to UMTS,UMTS to GSM,GSM

to LTE,LTE to GSM, CDMA to LTE , LTE to CDMA and so on. Refer Inter
RAT handover to know more.

Question -12. Explain different elements of GSM network architecture.

Answer -12. In the interview from this equation interviewer trying to judge
the understanding of GSM system as a whole. So draw various elements
of GSM architecture such as BTS,BSC,MS,MSC,HLR,VLR,AUC,EIR etc.
and explain the functions of each. If you remember various interfaces
between these elements it will be good. Refer GSM Tutorial for GSM
architecture block diagram with interfaces.

Question -13. Explain FDM, TDM and OFDM.

Answer -13. FDM stands for Frequency Division Multiplexing. TDM
stands for Time Division Multiplexing and OFDM means Orthogonal
Frequency Division Multiplexing. This all are resource multiplexing
techniques for utilizing the scared resource(time and frequency)
efficiently. FDM makes use of frequency,TDM time and OFDM also
frequency resource. The limitations of FDM is taken care in OFDM by
allocated subcarriers very close without introducing ICI(Inter Carrier
Interference). ISI is also avoided in OFDM by inserting guard interval.
Refer to of our popular pages to know the difference between FDM and
OFDM as well as FDM and TDM.
Refer FDM vs OFDM and FDM vs TDM for more information.

Question -14. Explain Min. BEP with respect to GPRS.

Answer -14. BEP stands for Bit Error Probability in GSM. It helps in
finding the radio condition and choose the best coding scheme for the
mobile subscriber. There are two main types of BEP in GSM i.e. Mean
BEP and Actual BEP. Refer following pages to know more.
What is BEP
Mapping between Reported and Actual CV BEP Mean BEP and Actual
BEP

Question -15. Explain AMR.

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Answer -15. This topic along with VAMOS,SAIC are usually asked by
interviewer in the interview as part of judging the interviewee's
knowledge on advanced GSM topics. AMR stands for Adaptive Multi rate
and it is the method by which mobile subscriber changes the modulation-
coding scheme based on varying C/I conditions at any moment of time.
Refer GSM AMR basics and GSM AMR conformance testing to know
more about AMR basics and conformance requirements of GSM Mobile
Subscriber.

Question -16. Explain concept of GPRS multi-slot class.

Answer -16. In the Multislot mode, one mobile subscriber will be
allocated more than one slot in the downlink and uplink to increase the
data rate requirements of the user/customer. There are various classes
which mention limit for maximum time slots supported in the uplink and
downlink. Refer GPRS multislot classes for more information.

These GSM interview questions and answers will help pass the GSM
technology related interview with comfort and confidence.

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15 GSM interview questions and answers | GSM Questionnaire file:///C:/Users/lala/Documents/15 GSM interview questions and answers...

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