AIM

TO PREPARE PIGMENTS AND POSTER PAINTS

BY USING VARIOUS CHEMICAL REACTIONS.

Submitted by : Guided by :

GUNJAN MS. NEHA GARG

XII-A2 PGT Chemistry
This is to certify that GUNJAN of 12-A2 has
worked under my guidance and supervision on the
project titled

and has been successful in completing it during

the session 2008-2009.

Ms. Neha Garg

(PGT Chemistry)
 I would sincerely like to thank MS.
NEHA, who has always been there to
help me in carrying out this project
work.She has a acted as a guiding
spirit behind the completion of this file
and for putting tremendous effort
from her side to assist me as much as
possible.
A pigment is a finely divided material which contributes to
optical and other properties of paints. Pigment may be
classified according to their composition of the source from
which they are obtained. However, the most common and
useful classification is of color. Pigment can be made by
using simple chemical reactions.
Poster paints are made by grinding a pigment or a mixture
of pigments to a very fine powder and then suspended the
powder in suitable liquid so as to give a very fine and
uniform suspension. For making ‘poster paints’ the
pigment produced by various chemical reactions is
thoroughly mixed with medium. Sometimes paints get
hardened but it can be softened by adding a little amount of
water (Lukewarm Water).

Medium used for making paint is made by mixing 30 ml

clear gum (not paste) with 10 ml of water and one drop of
liquid detergent.
A WIDE RANGE OF PIGMENTS HAVE BEEN
OBTAINED BY SIMPLE REACTIONS.
PREPARATION OF SOME OF THESE PIGMENTS
IS AS DESCRIBED ON NEXT PAGE
Dissolve 1g of anhydrous sodium carbonate or 28g of
hydrate sodium bicarbonate in 100 ml of warm water.
Cool the solution to room temperature. To this
solution add a solution of 30g lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2)
dissolve in 150ml of water. The lead nitrate solution is
added slowly with steady stirring. This forms
precipitate of white lead which is the required
pigment. The pigment is then filtered using Buchne
funnel. This project is washed with water several
times.

REACTION INVOLVED:

Pb (NO3)2 + Na2CO3 PbCO3 + 2NaNO3

Lead Nitrate Lead Carbonate
PbCO3 + H2O Pb (OH)2 + CO2

It is prepared by dissolving 7g of potassium carbonate

(K2CrO4) in 5ml of water and 10g of lead nitrate
(Pb(NO3)2) in 100ml of water in two separate
beakers. In case heating or warming is necessary to
effect of complete dissolution of the two mixtures.
After cooling, pour the Chromate solution with
Stirring into lead nitrate solution. Yellow precipitate
of lead Chromate is formed which is the required
pigment. Filter it out and wash the water.

REACTION INVOLVED :

K2CrO4 + (Pb (NO)3)2 PbCrO4 + 2 KNO3

Potassium Lead Lead
Chromate nitrate Chromate
It is obtained by reducing Fehling’s solution with
Glucose. The two solution’s Fehling A and Fehling B
are mixed in a large beaker giving a deep blue
solution. This solution is warmed over a Bunsen flame
to about 700 c and adds to it with stirring 10g of
powdered glucose. This colour of the mixed solution
changes slowly to green, brown and finally to bring
red precipitate. Allow the content of beaker warm for
5-10 minutes before filtering; the precipitate formed is
the required pigments. It is filtering and thoroughly
washed with water and dried.

REACTION INVOLVED :

Cu2+ + CHO Cu2O + Oxidation

 | Product
CHOH
|
CH2OH
Glucose

In a beaker, take 5g of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)

and add 50ml of water. In other beaker take 15g
solution of CuSO4 and add 100 ml of water in it. Pour
one mixture into another and evolution of carbon
dioxide occurs with formation of pale green
precipitate. This precipitate is Copper (II) carbonate
(CaCO3) which is the required pigment.

REACTION INVOLVED

CuSO4 + NaHCO3 CuCO3 + NaHSO4

NaHCO3 + NaHSO4 Na2SO4 + CO2 + H2O

In a beaker take 5g of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)

and add 50ml of water to it. In another beaker take
15g of copper sulphate and add 100ml of water. Pour
hydroxide is used; the blue will be the pigment filter
the blue pigment and wash the water.

REACTION INVOLVED :

CuSO4 + NaHCO3 CuCO3 + NaHSO4

Copper(II)
Carbonate

CuSO4 + 2NaOH Cu (OH) 2 + Na2SO4

Copper Hydroxide
Add 5g of Hydrate Iron (III) chloride in 5 ml of water
and then add to 10g of Potassium Ferrocyanide in
75ml of water. Stir briskly during the addition of
solution. A dark blue precipitate is formed, which is
the required pigment.

REACTION INVOLVED

3K4(Fe(CN)6) + 4 FeCl3 Fe4(Fe(CN)6)3 +12KCl

Potassium ferro Ferric
Cyanide Chloride
 CONCLUSION
FINE POSTER COLORS WERE OBTAINED
BY USING VARIOUS CHEMICAL REAGANTS
PRESENT IN LABORATORY.