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Interesting Facts about Tamil Nadu

quickgs.com/interesting-facts-about-tamil-nadu/

June 14, 2015

This article is all about historical, geographical, social, religious, cultural, amazing, rare, unknown
interesting facts about Tamil Nadu.

Map of Tamil Nadu

Quick Basic Facts about Tamil Nadu

Capital – Chennai
Official Language – Tamil
Area – 1,30,058 Sq Km
Area Rank – 11th
Population – 7,21,47,030
Population Rank – 6th
Sex Ratio – 996 females per 1000 male
Literacy Rate – 80.3 %
No of districts – 32
Assembly seats – 235 (Unicameral)
Lok Sabha seats – 39
Rajya sabha seats – 18
Created on – 26 Jan 1950
First Chief Minister – A Subbarayalu Reddiar
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First Governor –  Archibald Edward Nye

Highest peak – Dodabetta

State Symbols of Tamil Nadu

State Tree – Palm tree
State Flower – Gloriosa lily
State Animal – Nilgiri Tahr
State Bird – Emeral Dove
State Sport – Kabaddi

Historical Facts about Tamil Nadu

Sangam Period is the glorious pride and rich cultural heritage of ancient south India
spanning the present region of Tamil Nadu and parts of Kerala, Andhra Pradesh and
Karnataka. Sangam period corresponds to 3rd century BC to 3rd century AD.
The literature works developed in the Sangam Period is called as Sangam Literature. Sangam
literature is considered as set of thousands of poems developed by hundreds of
contemporary poets many of whom are still unknown.
Ancient Tamil history is marked by the kingdoms of Chera, Chola and Pandya. Sangam
literature is known to flourish under the patronage of these kingdoms.
The medieval period of Tamil Nadu is marked by Pallav Dynasty under Mahendravarman who
ruled Tamil Nadu with Kanchipuram as their capital from 4th to 8th century. Pallavs were later
replaced by Chola dynasty in 9th century. Chola dynasty was in-turn replaced by Pandyan
dynasty in 13th century.
The last phase of medieval Tamil history witnessed the rising of a rich, powerful and
extremely prosperous hindu empire called Vijaynagar empire (1336-1646) established by
Harihar and Bukka Rai.
Vijaynagar kingdom ruled with a glorious heritage for two centuries and is also called as the
richest empire ever of Indian history. Vijaynagar kingdom came to end after defeat from
Deccan sultanates in Battle of Talikota in 1565.
During British period Tamil Nadu was called as Madras presidency.
After Indian independence Madras presidency was renamed as Madras state. Madras state
comprised of the present areas of Tamil Nadu including parts of karnataka, kerala and coastal
Andhra.
After State Reorganization Act of 1956, many regions of Madras state were separated
out. Tamil Nadu state eventually came to existence on 14 Jan 1969.
The legislative council was abolished in 1986 and Tamil Nadu became unicameral state.

Geographical Facts about Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu borders with 3 states – Karnataka in northwest, Andhra Pradesh in north, Kerala in
West.
The Nilgiris and the Anamalai are hill groups with max height. The highest peak of Nilgiris is
Dodabetta which stands at 2640 m above sea level.
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Western ghat comes on the whole length of western part. The Palghat gap about 25 Km in
width is the only marked break in western ghat range. Western ghats in the south of Palghat
is known as Anamali range or Elephant Hills.
Eastern part of Tamil Nadu contains Palani Hills. Famous hill station Kodaikanal is situated on
Palani Hills.
It is 11th largest state by area and sixth by population.
Kanchipuram is the largest district of Tamil Nadu by area. Chennai is largest by population.
The major rivers are Kaveri, Palar, Cheyyar, Ponnaiyar, Meyar, Bhavani, Amravati, Vaigal,
Chittar and Tamaraparni. The 760 Km long kaveri is the biggest river of this state.

Social and Cultural Facts about Tamil Nadu

Tamil language is one of the oldest and longest surviving classical languages of world which
is still in use in its original form.
Literacy of Tamil Nadu is 80.3 % which is much higher than national average of 74.04 %. Tamil
Nadu is 8th most literate state of India.
M S Swaminathan who is called as Father of Green Revolution of India belonged to this state.
Rameshwaram is of extreme religious importance. Ramanathswamy temple, located on
Rameswaram island is a temple dedicated to Shiva. It is one of the 12 jyotirlingas of Shiva. It
has a set of corridors which together measure 3,850 feet making it longest corridor in world.
Rameshwaram is also one of four pilgrimage centers of Char Dham. Other three are
Kedarnath, Dwarka and Puri.
Bhakti movement started from Tamil Nadu and spread towards north India.
Bharat Natyam is the popular traditional dance of state.
Kolattam, Karagam and Mayilattam are the famous folk dances of this state.
Pongal is the main festival of this state which is marked with harvest season. Jallikattu is the
festival of bull fight. Other festivals include Adipperukku, Mahamangam, Mamalapuram  etc.
Main festivals of Tamil Nadu are Pongal which is a harvest festival. Chitirai-Madurai,
Adipperukku are other festivals meant for sowing season on banks of river. Mahamangam is a
fest while Mamalapuram is dance festival.

Jalikattu Festival of Tamil Nadu

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Tamil Nadu is famous for its Jallikattu festival. It is similar to famous European sport of Bull
Fight. Although Supreme Court has banned this festival due to raising concerns of animal
welfare.

Vivekanand Rock Memorial and Thiruvalluvar Statue

Vivekanand Rock memorial is the most famous tourist destination of Tamil Nadu. It is
located about 500 mt off the coast of Kanyakumari in Indian Ocean. Vivekand Rock Memorial
is the southern most point of mainland India. It is believed that Swami Vivekanand
got enlightenment here.
Thiruvalluvar was the greatest tamil poet and saint of all times in the history of Tamil Nadu.
He belonged to a period of 3rd century BC contemporary to Nand Dynasty of north India. He
created the famous tamil literature Thirukkural.

Meenakshi Sundareshwar Temple

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Meenakshi Sundareshwar temple of Madurai is devoted to Parvati (Meenakshi) and Shiva

(Sundareswar). This temple is also the iconic symbol of Tamil Nadu. It consists of 14 gopurams
(gateways) and centered garbhgriha. This temple in the current form was built by Vishwanath
Nayak of Nayak Dynasty in late 16th century.

Economic Facts about Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu holds sixth ranks in terms of Human Development Index among all Indian states.
With GDP figures of Rs 9,76,703 crores, Tamil Nadu holds the second rank among all Indian
states. (as per GDP figures of year 2014-15).
Tamil Nadu produces 60 % of match sticks and 77 % of finished rubber.
Major ports of this state are Madras and Tuticorin.
Mineral Resources of Tamil Nadu – Lignite, limestone, magnesite, mica, quartz, felspar,
bauxite, gypsum
Main Agriculture products – Rice, maize, jowar, bajra, ragi, pulses, sugarcane, oilseed,
cotton, chillies, coffee, tea, rubber, cardamom.
This state is largest producer of banana, turmeric, tapioca and second largest producer of
mango, coconut, ground nut.

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