Copy 3II FM 29-27

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY FI ELD MANUAL

ARMY CALIBRi'TI!1. COMPANY

HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

SEPTEMBER 1 965
 FM 29-27

FIELD MANUAL HEADQUARTERS

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
No. 29-27 WASHINGTON, D. C., 20 September 1965

ARMY CALIBRATION COMPANY

Paragraph Page
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
Purpose and scope ........................................ ........ 1 3
Applicability ........................................ ........ 2 3
Definitions .................................................................................... 3 3

2. ORGANIZATION, FUNCTIONS, AND EMPLOYMENT

Mission, assignment, and allocation ...................................... 4 4
Capabilities ........................................ ........ 5 4
Organization and functions ................................................ 6 4
Duties and responsibilities of unit personnel ...................... 7 6
Employment ........................................ ......... 8 6

3. TECHNICAL OPERATIONS
Section I. Responsibilities
Introduction ........................................ ........ 9 -8
Army calibration company ..................................................... 10 8
Maintenance support units ........................................ 11 12
Using units ........................................ 12 12
All units ........................................ 13 13
II. Facility organization, layout, and requirements
Secondary reference facility requirements .......................... 14 13
Secondary transfer section requirements ............................ 15 14
Company and reference facility organization and layout.... 16 16
III. Conduct of operations
General ........................................ 17 18
Control office ......................................... 18 22
Calibration platoon headquarters ........................................ 19 23
Secondary reference sections ........... ............................. 20 21
Secondary transfer sections ........................................ 21 24
Shop supply ........................................ 22 26
Technical library ........................................ 23 26
Packaging, shipping, and marking ........................................ 24 26
Instructions on new procedures, techniques, and
modifications ........................................ 25 26

CHAPTER 4. TACTICAL OPERATIONS

Section I. General
Introduction ........................................ 26 28
Movement SOP's ........................................ 27 28
Loading plans ........................................ 28 29

CHAPTER 5. COMMUNICATIONS
Communications methods ......................................... 29 30
Installation and operation of facilities ................................. 30 30
Transfer section communications ......................................... 31 30

.TAGO '5635A-August
APPENDIX I. REFERENCES .................................................................................... 31
II. DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS .................................. 34
III. ELECTRICAL SAFETY ANNEX TO COMPANY SOP
~(SAMPLE)j- 536

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2 ~~~~~AGO 6685A

 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1. Purpose and Scope
a. The information contained in this manual
is to serve as a guide for the training and
employment of the Army Calibration Com-
pany, TOE 29-227. The text and illustrations
provide the commander and key personnel of
the company with information required to
manage and conduct company operations in a
manner that will permit efficient mission ac-
complishment. This manual is also intended
to provide guidance to commanders, staff offi-
cers, and other interested individuals on the
organization and procedures for providing cali-
bration support for test and measuring equip-
ment used with Army materiel in a theater of
operations.
b. This manual describes the mission, or-
ganization, capabilities, employment, responsi-
bilities, and functions of the company; its oper-
ating procedures and special problems affect-
ing mission performance. This manual does
not provide details on unit administration, or-
ganization supply, unit mess, organizational
maintenance, and related administrative oper-
ations of the company.
c. Users of this manual are encouraged to
submit recommended changes or comments to
improve the manual. These comments should
specify the particular page, paragraph, and
AGO 5635A
line of the text affected. Reasons should be
provided for' each comment to insure complete
understanding and thorough evaluation. Com-
ments should be sent to the Commanding Offi-
cer, US Army Combat Developments Command
Ordnance Agency, Aberdeen Proving Ground,
Md. 21005.
2. Applicability
The material presented herein is applicable,
without modification, to both nuclear and non-
nuclear warfare. Provisions of this manual
are applicable to calibration companies oper-
ating in the field, both in the continental United
States and in oversea commands. Calibration
company commanders and higher level com-
manders concerned with the provision of cali-
bration support, when acting within their
designated authority, may vary the operational
procedures contained herein when it is evident
that such variations will result in improved
service.
3. Definitions
The nontechnical terms used throughout this
manual can be found in AR 320-5. Technical
terms used herein will be found in AR 750-20,
AR 750-25, TM 38-750, TM 38-750-1, or ap-
pendix II of this manual.
3
 CHAPTER 2
ORGANIZATION, FUNCTIONS, AND EMPLOYMENT
4. Mission, Assignment, and Allocation
a. The mission of the Army calibration corn-
pany is to provide secondary reference and
secondary transfer calibration service for all
test and measuring equipment requiring cali-
bration which is used with Army materiel in
depots and general and direct support units,
and, where required, to tactical units and other
units.
b. This company
b. comp'ny isis normally
normally assigned to the
assigned to the
of the communica-
major logistical
command
tions zone, and attached to maintenance facili-
ties in the forward section of the communica-
tions zone (COMMZ). A complete calibration
platoon or any combination of sections may be
attached to independent corps or USAR-
STRIKE units when required; however, sec-
ondary transfer sections, if provided sepa-
rately, must be based on a secondary reference
facility. The company is allocated on the basis
of one or more p'er theater. 'units
5. Capabilities
a. At full strength this unit ·provides sec-
ondary reference and secondary transfer cali-
bration support for units in one field army
slice of the theater. The scope of this calibra-
tion support encompasses the calibration of all
electrical, radiac, electronic, mechanical, hy-
draulic, and optical components of test and
measuring equipment requiring calibration.
b. The reduced strength column of the TOE
adapts this unit to the lesser requirements for
personnel and equipment required during pro-
longed noncombat periods and for a limited
period of combat. When the unit is operating
under reduced strength, the support capacity
is reduced by 50 percent.
c. This unit is not adaptable to a Type B
organization. See AR 320-5 for an explana-
tion of type B organization.
d. Individuals of this organization can en-
gage in effective coordinated defense of the
unit's area or installation.
e. The company is administratively self-
sufficient,, to include mess, personnel adminis-
4 AGO 5635A
tration, and organizational supply and main-
tenanc
f. This unit provides secondary reference
and secondary transfer calibration service.
Two calibration platoons are provided at full
strength so that two secondary reference facili-
ties may be established at locations convenient
ties may be established at locations convenient
ate over a large geographical area. Adequate
facilities for the
facilities for performance of
the performance of secondary
secondary
reference calibration services must be provided
by the theater commander. Facility require-
ments include environmental control and stable
power sources. When only one such facility is
provided, both
provided, both calibration platoons will
calibration platoons will oper-
oper-
ate therefrom.
g. The secondary transfer sections are 100
percent mobile. The secondary reference facil-
ity(ies) are considered fixed after establish-
and the calibration platoons becomes too
great to permit efficient and, timely service by
secondary transfer sections using ground
transportation, air transportation will be made
available.
6. Organization and Functions
a. Organization. The major organizational
elements of the company (fig. 1) include a
company headquarters, a control office, and
two calibration platoons each consisting of a
platoon headquarters, a secondary reference
platoon headquarters, a secondary reference
section and five secondary transfer sections.
b. Functions.
(1) Company headquarters. The head-
ment and overhead personnel to pro-
vide the necessary administration,
personnel service, food service, com-
munications, unit supply, and organi-
zational maintenance.
(2) Control office. This office is the
central coordinating element of the
company. It directs all calibration
activities of the company; coordinates
related efforts of the secondary refer-
ence and secondary transfer calibra-
 ARMY
CALIBRATION
COMPANY
COMPANY CONTROL
HEADQUARTERS OFFICE
PLATOON SECONDARY
REFERENCE
HEADQUARTERS SECTION
[ - - ] NOT INCLUDED IN
L - - -J REDUCED STRENGTH
Figure 1. Organizationaldiagram, Army Calibration Company, TOE 29-227.
tion activities; maintains rosters,
records, and reports; makes arrange-
ments for the calibration and certifi-
cation of the company's secondary
reference standards in accordance
with established schedules; and noti-
fies supported units and higher head-
quarters of the non-closure of cali-
bration loops. Additionally, it pro-
vides personnel and equipment to
support company mission operations
by the issue of repair parts and ma-
teriel associated with calibration
standards and equipment. The con-
trol office should be located within or
near the building housing the second-
ary reference equipment.
(3) Calibrationplatoon. The platoon head-
quarters directs and supervises pla-
toon operations, performs required
clerical duties, and maintains admin-
istrative records involved in platoon
operations. This includes maintenance
of calibration rosters, tabulating tech-
nical information, and preparing nec-
essary reports. Both platoons may
operate from the same secondary
reference facility (the building hous-
ing the secondary reference standards
and other equipment utilized by the
AGO 5635A
CALIBRATION
PLATOON
SECONDARY
TRANSFER
SECTION
secondary reference sections and
wherein secondary reference func-
tions are performed). If adequate
facilities are provided, two separate
secondary reference facilities may be
established, each operated by one of
the calibration platoons. The func-
tions of platoon sections are as fol-
lows:
(a) Secondary reference sections.
1. These sections provide support for
secondary transfer standards and
lower echelon equipment not sup-
ported at field level. Certification
of secondary reference stand-
ards is accomplished by rotation
of selected items to a primary
reference laboratory and utilizing
inherent capabilities to calibrate
the remaining standards. These
sections will be responsible for
confronting with conditions cited
in the Secondary Reference Audit
Package. Repair of standards and
test and measuring equipment
will be made by these sections
within maintenance capabilities.
Standards that have been re-
paired and require primary certi-
fication will be rotated accord-
5
 ingly. Calibration data cards will
be annotated in accordance with
TM 38-750 and forwarded to pla-
toon headquarters for review and
further submission to the control
office. These sections also furnish
technical support and advice to
supported agencies as required.
2. The secondary reference sections
maintain and operate the secon-
dary reference standards housed
within the company. Each Sec-
ondary reference section has the
capability for 24-hour operation
with one calibration shift on duty
around-the-clock under the super-
vision of a calibration technician.
Personnel of these sections cali-
brate the transfer standards used
by the transfer sections, and
certify the validity of these stand-
ards by using the company's ref-
erence standards. Personnel of
these sections also provide tech-
nical advice to members of the
transfer sections.
(b) Secondary transfer sections. These
sections perform secondary transfer
calibration of test and measuring
equipment within the area of re-
sponsibility of the company and
furnish technical advice and assist-
ance to supported units as required.
These sections can perform mainte-
tenance
tenance consists
consists of
of minor
minor rep.Ts
ai-r
repair
consisiting of direct replacement of
plug-in-type assemblies (e.g., ampli-
fiers) and replacement of other type
components (resistors and capaci-
tors) when the defective component
is obvious, replacement parts are
immediately available, and effecting
these repairs will not jeopardize the
calibration section's schedule. When
equipment is beyond the repair cap-
ability of these sections, it is red-
tagged in accordance with TM 38-
750 for repair at the proper main-
tenance activity and arrangements
are made for calibration after re-
pair is completed. These sections
annotate calibration data cards in
6 AGO 5635A
accordance with TM 38-750 and
forward them to the platoon head-
quarters.
7. Duties and Responsibilities of Unit
Personnel
Specifics relating to the performance of indi-
vidual jobs may be found in the appropriate
regulations or technical publications dealing
with the operation or function concerned. Pub-
lications indexes (DA Pam 310-series) should
be consulted to determine pertinent regula-
tions, technical manuals, and technical bul-
letins. For the exact number, types, and spec-
ialties of personnel assigned to the company,
see the table of organization and equipment.
Military occupational specialties (MOS) are
described in detail in AR's 611-101, 611-112,
and 611-201.
8. Employment
a. This company is assigned to the major
logistics command of the Communications Zone
and establishes its base of operations in the
forward section of the COMMZ. From this
location it provides calibration services for
Army materiel for the entire theater of opera-
tions, or a major portion thereof, depending on
the size of the theater and the total calibration
requirements of the theater.
b. The company provides secondary refer-
ence and secondary transfer calibration serv-
ice to depots, general support, and direct sup-
port units and to tactical and other units as
required. In accomplishing its mission it will
certify the accuracy of all test and measuring
equipment used with Army materiel hich
requires such service.
c. The organization of the company permits
operations over a large geographical area. The
secondary transfer sections are mobile to per-
mit operations over a wide area. The head-
quarters elements of the calibration platoons
direct and coordinate the efforts of their re-
spective secondary reference and secondary
transfer sections. Platoon leaders maintain
liaison with supported units. Supervision of
calibration scheduling is affected by the con-
trol office.
d. There are two calibration platoons so
that two secondary reference facilities may
be established at separate locations convenient
to the secondary transfer sections. The calibra-
tion company provides the necessary person-
nel and secondary reference standards to op-
erate the secondary reference facilities, but is
incapable of providing the required environ-
mental-controlled facilities. Therefore, the
temperature and humidity controlled facilities
AGO 5635A
and stable power sources required for such
operations must be provided by the theater
or major area commander. If facilities for the
establishment of two separate secondary ref-
erence facilities are not provided, both calibra-
tion platoons will operate from the same fa-
cility.
7
 CHAPTER 3

TECHNICAL OPERATIONS

Section I. RESPONSIBILITIES
9. Introduction
a. Purpose and Policies-Army Calibration pany. Emphasis is placed on the responsibil-
System.The
calibratin
purpse
f theArmy
system is to insure the accuracy of test and
measuring equipment used in support of Army
materiel. The system is based on a funda-
mental policy which requires that the accuracy
of all Army test and measuring equipment and
calibration standards be traceable to the Na-
tional Bureau of Standards (NBS). This has
resulted in the establishment of a single De-
partment of the Army calibration system with
accuracy referenced to the fundamental mea-
surement standards maintained by the NBS.
Technical direction of the Army calibration
system is exercised by a central Army metrol-
ogy engineering activity (the Army Metrology
and Calibration Center (AMCC) located at
the US Army Frankford Arsenal, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania). The Army calibration com-
pany is a key element of the system. For a
complete listing of the policies upon which the
system is based, see AR 750-25.
b. Responsibilities. Responsibilities for estab-
lishment, maintenance, supervision, and control
of the Army calibration system; the provision
of required measurement equipment; the pub-
lication of calibration procedures; the develop-
ment and publication of operational and pro-
cedural doctrine; and the provision of appro-
priate military calibration organizations and
personnel are as indicated in AR's 750-20 and
750-25. This section is limited to the mission
responsibilities of the Army calibration com-
pany and the responsibilities of units sup-
ported by the company.
c. Certification Channels. Figures 2 and 3
depict the certification channels for calibra-
tion standards and test and measuring equip-
ment and the field standardization system em-
ployed by the Army calibration company in
the conduct of its mission operations.
10. Army Calibration Company
This paragraph is devoted to the calibration
8 AGO 5665A
responsibilities of the Army calibration com-
ities of the control office and the calibration
platoons. Functions of company headquarters
are indicated in paragraph 6b(1).
a. Control Office.
(1) Plans, directs, and coordinates all
calibration efforts of the company.
(2) Interprets and implements regula-
tions pertaining to calibration sup-
port.
(3) Performs site reconnaissance, as nec-
essary.
(4) Initiates action to obtain required
facilities for operations (para 14).
(5) Obtains data pertaining to support
requirements, units, and their loca-
tions from field army for army units
and from TALOG for COMMZ units.
(6) Maintains required rosters, records,
and reports, to include calibration
rosters and schedules.
(7) Makes arrangements for the periodic
certification of secondary reference
standards against primary standards
and assures that established calibra-
tion periods and schedules are adhered
to.
(8) Insures that all test and measuring
equipment calibrated with a standard
that is out of tolerance is again cali-
brated. Notifies each activity affected
when the calibration loop is not valid.
(9) Refers problems which cannot other-
wise be resolved to the Army Metrol-
ogy and Calibration Center, U. S.
Army Frankford Arsenal, Philadel-
phia, Pa. 19137.
(10) In conjunction with the calibration
platoon headquarters, schedules sec-
ondary transfer calibration loops to
assure the periodic certification of
field test and measuring equipment
as specified in the pertinent calibra-
tion procedures.
 NBS - - NATIONAL BUREAU
OF STANDARDS,
WASHINGTON, D.C
· I BOULDER, COLORADO
PRIMARY
STANDARDS \
LABORATORIES
-4-- PRE-AND POST-LOOP
OF SECONDARY
SECONDARY REFERENCE STANDARDS
REFERENCE CALIBRATION \
SECTIONS
,+#s~- t ' + 4--- PRE- AND POST-LOOP
_ " OF SECONDARY
/I / SECONDARY \ TRANSFER STANDARDS
i / TRANSFER CALIBRATION
SECTIONS

/-- CALIBRATION LOOP

/ I PERFORMED
// MAINTENANCE SUPPORT TRANSFER SECTIONS-
ACTIVITIES TEST EQUIPMENT

/ 4--- FOR MAINTENANCE

/I/! I~// CALIBRATION OF USING
! ~/ \ UNITS' TEST AND
USING UNIT TEST EQUIPMENT MEASURING EQUIPMENT.

NORMAL CHANNELS
ALTERNATE CHANNELS -----

The triangular representation indicates:

(1) The increasing density of equipment requiring calibration
at each level from the apex.
(2) The rigidity of accuracies required at each level from
the apex

Figure 2. Certification channels for calibrationstarndards and test and measuring equipment.

(11) Maintains liaison with area corn- (b) The electrical accounting machine
manders to keep informed of materiel (EAM) facility supporting the com-
deployment and movement of test and pany (TM 38-750).
measuring equipment requiring cali- (c) Maintenance support unit or the
bration. the using unit to be serviced.
(12) Informs the following of secondary (13) In conjunction with the calibration
transfer section itineraries in suffi- platoon headquarters, schedules sec-
cient time to provide adequate ad-, ondary transfer sections to perform
vance notice: on-call calibration services when so
(a) Major commanders of the area con- required by emergency or priority
taining the units being supported. situations which cannot await the

AGO 5635A 9
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 next periodic loop schedule.
(14) Maintains, in a manageable form,
data on company mission operations
and prepares and submits technical
reports required by higher head-
quarters.
(15) Forwards Calibration Data Cards
(DA Form 2416) and calibration
schedules to the supporting EAM fa-
cility in accordance with TM 38-750.
(16) Assures that calibration personnel
are properly utilized and cross-
trained. Provides or arranges for
the training of personnel in new or
revised calibration techniques or
equipment, as necessary.
(17) Maintains a complete technical li-
brary.
(18) Provides personnel for the accomp-
lishment of shop supply functions.
b. Calibration Platoon Headquarters. The
platoon headquarters supervise and direct ac-
tivities of the calibration platoons. They
work closely with the control office in develop-
ing calibration schedules and itineraries. They
are also responsible for providing assistance
in the training and cross-training of person-
nel, for insuring that organizational mainte-
nance is performed on platoon equipment and
that required records are maintained, for ef-
fecting dispatch of secondary transfer teams
in accordance with established schedules, and
for insuring the preparation of required rec-
ords and reports, to include calibration data
cards, equipment improvement recommenda-
tions, and reports required by the control
office.
c. Secondary Reference Sections.
(1) Operate secondary reference facility
(ies) and perform all calibration func-tate
tions attendant to such operations.
(2) Maintain secondary reference stand--
ards and insure that a minimum of
one set is maintained in the stand-
ards facility in a state of certified
accuracy at all times.
(3) Repair, or cause to be repaired, sec-
ondary reference and secondary trans-
fer standards, as required.
(4) Provide assistance in other than as-
signed areas as requested by the
Army Metrology and Calibration Cen-
ter.
AGO 5635A
(5) Provide a single secondary reference
calibration service for all equipment
requiring calibration under its as-
signed mission within its assigned
geographical area.
(6) Apply certification labels or red tags
(TM 38-750), as required.
(7) Annotate correction charts to indi-
cate certified readings.
(8) Annotate and process Calibration
Data Cards (DA Form 2416) in ac-
cordance with TM 38-750.
(9) Provide secondary reference calibra-
tion service for those items within
an assigned area that cannot be certi-
fied by lower level standards.
(10) Comply with all requirements of the
audit package system.
(11) Calibrate and certify each secondary
transfer standard at the beginning
and end of a calibration loop.
(12) Calibrate and certify all test equip-
ment referred to the facility(ies)
after repairs have been accomplished.
(13) Submit equipment improvement rec-
ommendations (TM 38-750) based
on past experience and other available
information for the purpose of rec-
ommending valid product improve-
ment of standards and test equip-
ment.
d. Secondary Transfer Sections.
(1) Calibrate all test and measuring
equipment requiring calibration with-
in an assigned area.
(2) Perform minor repairs on a limited
basis for test and measuring equip-
ment being calibrated.
correction charts to di-
(4) Apply certification labels or red tags
in accordance with TM 38-750.
(5) Annotate a calibration data card in
accordance with TM 38-750 for each
piece of test and measuring equipment
that is checked.
(6) Furnish the commander of each ac-
tivity visited with a list of items re-
paired and those in need of repair
(red-tagged, DA Form 2417). Furn-
ish similar information to the platoon
headquarters upon return to the com-
11
 pany area for further submission to
the control office.
(7) Submit equipment improvement rec-
ommendations (TM 38-750) based
on past experience and other available
information for the purpose of rec-
ommending valid product improve-
ment of standards and test equip-
ment.
11. Maintenance Support Units
a. Direct support units are responsible for
assuring the accuracy of their own organiza-
tional test and measuring equipment, and that
of their supported units. These responsibilities
extend to all items of test and measuring
equipment that do not require calibration by
the calibration company (e.g., some items, as
indicated in pertinent technical manuals and
technical bulletins, require only a mainte-
nance calibration check by the maintenance
unit against an organic item of test and mea-
suring equipment which has been calibrated
and certified by a secondary transfer section).
Maintenance calibration checks are accomp-
lished by direct support units in accordance
with the frequency established in pertinent
technical publications and after the repair of
supported unit test and measuring equipment.
Maintenance calibration by a direct support
unit requires certification and documentation
as indicated in TM 38-750. Direct support
units are also responsible for coordinating cali-
bration scheduling with their supported units,
for providing these units requiring calibration
service by secondary transfer sections with at
least a 7-day advance notice of scheduled trans-
fer section visits, and for evacuating, to the
calibration company, items, requiring calibra-
tion by a secondary reference section.
b. General and depot support maintenance
units have responsibilities similar to direct
support units, except that these units normally
repair test and measuring equipment for re-
turn to supply stocks rather than to using units.
These units accomplish maintenance calibra-
tion on repaired items, as appropriate, and are
responsible for assuring the accuracy of organic
test and measuring equipment by performing
maintenance calibration or having items cali-
brated by the calibration company, as appro-
priate. Again the provisions of TM 38-750 re-
garding certification and documentation apply.
12
c. Items of test and measuring equipment
which require calibration by the use of sec-
ondary transfer standards, and which have
been repaired by a maintenance support unit
prior to or during a visit by a secondary trans-
fer section, will be calibrated by the transfer
section during its visit (provided the item is
one that requires calibration by use of a sec-
ondary transfer standard). The calibration
company will also provide on-call calibration
support for items requiring calibration by the
calibration company which have been repaired
between visits by secondary transfer sections
when operational requirements preclude cali-
bration delay until the next scheduled visit
by the transfer section.
12. Using Units
a. "Using units," as discussed in this manual,
include tactical units and other users of test
and measuring equipment that are provided
direct support maintenance by a maintenance
support unit. The term "supported units" per-
tains to all units and activities supported by
the company, to include maintenance support
units and activities as well as using units.
b. These units are responsible for providing
maximum assistance to accomplish calibration
of site test equipment in an efficient manner;
for adhering to schedules established by cali-
bration activities for on-site calibration; for
transporting or shipping test and measuring
equipment requiring calibration by the cali-
bration company to their supporting mainte-
nance units; for adhering to schedules estab-
lished by the supporting maintenance unit
for maintenance calibration checks of test and
measuring equipment and for transporting or
shipping the equipment to and from the sup-
porting maintenance units as scheduled; for
insuring that all test and measuring equipment
requiring maintenance calibration is checked
by the supporting maintenance unit; and for
informing the supporting maintenance unit
when established calibration schedules inter-
fere with the operational mission. When sched-
uled calibration interferes with the operational
mission, rescheduling will be accomplished. The
required frequency for calibration or mainte-
nance calibration checks is published in tech-
nical manuals and technical bulletins pertain-
ing to the equipment involved and indexed in
DA Pamphlet 310-4.
AGO 5635A
13. All Units
a. It is the responsibility of all users of test
or measuring equipment to take necessary
action to obtain the required repair or adjust-
ment of red-tagged test equipment items; to
abide by the provisions of TM 38-750 when
initiating maintenance requests, effecting evac-
uation, or documenting maintenance per-
formed; to render all assistance possible to
secondary transfer sections providing services
at the unit location; to properly package items
of test and measuring equipment being shipped
Section II. FACILITY ORGANIZATION, LAYOUT, AND REQUIREMENTS
14. Secondary Reference Facility Require-
ments
a. General.
(1) The primary purpose of a secondary
reference standards facility (labora-
tory) is to provide calibration service
for the secondary transfer standards
and for higher accuracy test and mea-
suring equipment that cannot be cali-
brated by secondary transfer stand-
ards. The Army calibration company
is capable of operating two such fa-
cilities, at -separate locations, if re-
quired buildings with controlled hu-
midity and temperature and stable
power sources are provided.
(2) Secondary reference standards will be
located in work areas separated from
production and maintenance functions
so that they will be used as calibra-
tion standards
standards only, and not as main-
tenance test and measuring equipment.
Since temperature, humidity, dust,
vibration, etc., affect the reliability of
the standards, the atmospheric condi-
tions of the facilities will be controlled
within specified limits.
(3) This paragraph lists general facility
requirements. Detailed specifications
for reference facilities are provided
by the Army Metrology and Calibra-
tion Center.
b. Facility Size. A single facility should have
at least 8,000 square feet of working area, of
which 4,000 square feet must be environment-
ally controlled.
AGO 5635A
out of the unit for repair or calibration; and
to supply the necessary repair parts required
by visiting secondary transfer sections to effect
minor repair or adjustment of test equipment.
b. Users are responsible for repairing items
that are within their maintenance capabilities.
Due to scheduling, a secondary transfer sec-
tion may not be able to perform minor re-
pairs; in such cases, items will be repaired by
maintenance personnel of the unit, preferably
before the secondary transfer section leaves
the area, to permit calibration and certification
of the repaired item.
c. Environmental Control Requirements.
(1) Temperature range: 68°F to 73°F
with less than 1°F change per hour.
(2) Humidity: 50 percent maximum.
(3) Dust: Filtered air supply.
(4) Vibration: Special isolation mounts
for critical standards.
(5) Additional environmental controls will
be coordinated with the Army Metrol-
ogy and Calibration Center.
d. Power. Power requirements for opera..
tion of a secondary reference facility are de-
pendent upon the types of test and measuring
equipment supported within the assigned area
and calibration standards. Typical power re-
quirements are as follows:
(1) Total minimum input power is a 25kw
(kilowatt) peak load, including con-
sideration for expansion.
(2) 115v regulated ±0.1%/o, 60 cps ±2 cps,
single-phase, 20-amp circuit.
(3) 115v regulated ± 1%, 400 cps ±+12 cps,
20-amp circuit.
(4) 115v unregulated, 60 cps ±2 cps,
single-phase, 20-amp circuit.
(5) 220v unregulated, 60 cps +2 cps, 20-
amp, 3-phase, 4-wire. Y-connected cir-
cuit.
(6) 115v unregulated, 60 cps +2 cps,
single-phase, 30-amp circuit for the
Bogart high power source.
(7) The power requirements as stipulated
above do not include requirements for
operation of environmental control
equipment or lighting.
13
15. Secondary Transfer Section
Requirements
a. Secondary transfer standards are mobile
to permit their transport by ground vehicle
(or by air when required) to supported units'
sites. Each transfer section is equipped with
necessary tools, one set of secondary transfer
standards; and two expansible vans in which
equipment is transported and calibration func-
tions can be performed. The vans, when ex-
panded, provide a suitable work area for sec-
Figure 4. M292 van' in expanded position, left front view.
1144
ondary transfer calibration operations. De-
tails on the expansible van are found in TB
9-2320-209-12/1. Figures 4 through 7 show
dimensions and various views of the van, in-
cluding type mounting arrangements for equip-
ment.
b. Within the secondary reference facility
itself, and area should be provided for trans-
fer section loading, unloading, checkout, and
storage. This area should provide convenient
access to the various standards laboratories
within the reference facility.
RA PD 385011
AGO 5635A
AGO 5635A
 Jbll&~~~'il

j l

Figure 6. A typical mounting arrangement for secondary standards in the calibration van. Work benches provide
an area to set up instruments to be calibrated.

16. Company and Reference Facility
Organization and Layout
a. General. At full strength the calibration
company is capable of operating two secondary
reference facilities (laboratories), each of
which provides support to five secondary trans-
fer sections. The secondary reference facility
(ies) is/are established in the forward portion
of the COMMZ, and are centrally located, in-
sofar as possible, within the area supported.
Factors governing precise location of facilities
include availability of buildings to house the
reference facility (ies), road nets, proximity
to supporting electrical accounting machine
(EAM) facilities, and security requirements.
If two geographically-separated reference fa-
cilities are established, shop supply personnel
are provided to the separately-operating cali-
bration platoon. The separately-operating pla-
toon, itself, must be used on another unit for
administrative support. Each facility is cap-
able of round-the-clock operation, when neces-
sary. Under reduced strength, one reference
facility is established to support five transfer
sections. Both reference facilities may operate
from the same building, size and facility re-
quirements permitting; they may operate from
separate buildings in the same general area;
or they may be widely separated, geographi-
cally, so as to better facilitate effective sec-
ondary reference and secondary transfer cali-
bration support over a wide geographical area.
Major oversea commanders are responsible for
insuring that proper facilities are available to
support calibration services (AR 750-25).
b. Organization and Layout.
(1) It must be emphasized here that the
organization and modes of operation

16 AGO 5685A
 Pi?!: : I A - . 1̧

Figure 7. A typical mounting arrangement showing storage cabinets and drawers. Physical standards are
normally carried in these containers.

are flexible. Organization for opera- in tentage provided by TOE.

tions and layout will be developed by
the company commander, assisted by
the operations officer. Layout is d3-
pendent on facilities available and op-
erational requirements. In planning
the company layout, the secondary
reference facility is laid out first, with
the control office housed in or near the
same building. If the building is large
enough, other company elements may
be housed therein, provided layout can
be so arranged so as not to adversely
affect the secondary reference opera-
tion. Other elements of the company
will be housed in other buildings in the
area, if available, or they will operate
AGO 5635A
(2) Internal organization of the calibra-
tion platoons is also dependent, pri-
marily, on operational requirements;
e.g., the scheduled time of return and
dispatch of transfer sections, the
necessity for 24-hour operation.
(3) The following types of organization
and layout are merely intended to
guide the commander in determining
the type layout and internal organi-
zation that will best facilitate efficient
and effective accomplishment of the
company mission.
(a) Each calibration platoon contains a
platoon headquarters, a secondary
reference section, and five secondary
17
] 7
 transfer sections. To permit 24-hour
operations, a shift arrangement is
normally employed whereby one-
half of the secondary reference sec-
tion is operating at one time while
the other section is off. This ar-
rangement facilitates coordination
and control of operations by platoon
headquarters, facilitates continuity
of operations, and permits the pro-
cessing of transfer sections in the
minimum possible time through
round-the-clock operation.
(b) If operating conditions are such
that continuous round-the-clock op-
erations are not required, the en-
tire reference section may be em-
ployed at the same time, with a
portion of the section designated to
be on-call at night to handle un-
anticipated requirements.
(c) Two-platoon operation at the same
location merely duplicates the orga-
nizations indicated above.
(d) If one of the reference facilities is
located at a great distance from the
company headquarters, it will have
to be provided administrative and
vehicular maintenance support by
the nearest maintenance unit. Even
so, the facility will have to be pro-
vided augmentation in the form
of supply and clerical personnel.
Platoon headquarters will handle
operations functions. The'facility,
in conjunction with the secondary
transfer sections it supports, will
operate much as an independently-
operating, reduced-strength com-
pany. The control office at the main
company location will exercise
broad direction of activities and will
Section III. CONDUCT OF OPERATIONS
17. General
a. The calibration company is designed, pri-
marily, to provide secondary reference and
secondary transfer calibration service for all
test and measuring equipment used with Army
materiel which requires such service. This
service is provided to depots, general support
units, direct support units, and, when required,
18
receive reports as required (limited
to those necessary for overall com-
pany operations and those neces-
sary to keep track of the detached
platoon's activities, progress, and
problems).
(e) Type layouts of a secondary refer-
ence facility are depicted in figures
8 and 9. The facility should con-
tain a physical and pressure stand-
ards laboratory, an electrical/elec-
tronics standards laboratory, a
shielded enclosure for microwave
measurements (screen room), a ra-
diac laboratory, a room or area for
the performance of maintenance on
test and measuring equipment, a
technical library, a transfer section
checkout and storage area, and a
storage area for duplicate items of
standards equipment. The control
office and calibration platoon head-
quarters should also be housed
within or near the facility. If the
building is of sufficient size and in-
ternal construction permits, other
company elements may be housed
in the facility, provided no conflict
with reference section activities ex-
ists. The layouts depicted in figures
8 and 9 are provided only as a
guide. Because of facility availabil-
ity, (e.g., types, sizes, and number
of buildings available) it is unlikely
that any two reference facilities will
be alike in configuration.
(f) If two secondary references facil-
ities are established in the same
general area, consideration must be
given to dispersion, availability of
facilities permitting, to prevent loss
of both facilities in the event of
attack.
to tactical units. Most of the support required
is provided by the mobile secondary transfer
sections which operate on a scheduled basis
in accordance with required frequency of cali-
bration established in calibration procedures
(published in technical bulletins indexed in
DA Pam 310-4). The calibration platoons
establish and operate a secondary reference
AGO 5635A
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20
AGO 5685A
facility (or two such facilities may be estab-
lished if the necessary building requirements,
controlled humidity, controlled temperature,
and stable power source are provided by the
major area commander) to calibrate and
certify all secondary transfer standards to
the required tolerances of accuracy.
b. The secondary reference standards fa-
cility must accept responsibility for the con-
sistency of its measurement and the accuracy
of its calibration service. The secondary refer-
ence standards are housed in permanent or
semipermanent buildings having controlled hu-
midity and temperature, a stable power source,
and provision for filtering air (para 14). The
facility relies on a primary standards facility
for periodic certification and technical guid-
ance.
c. Secondary reference standards must be
certified at prescribed intervals with primary
reference standards and calibrated, as neces-
sary. Primary reference facility support of
secondary reference facilities located overseas,
where no Army primary reference facility is
available, is obtained through rotation of sec-
condary reference standards to a primary ref-
erence facility in CONUS for calibration, or
through cross-servicing from primary refer-
ence laboratories of other services in the the-
ater. All such cross-servicing transactions
must be preceded by authorized agreements or
orders and will be financed in accordance with
theater policies and AR 35-273.
d. The primary reference facility establishes
schedules for the calibration of secondary
reference standards equipment, and provides
technical guidance. Secondary reference stand-
ards are normally calibrated on an annual
basis. To assure continuity of operations while
secondary reference equipment is being cali-
brated, duplicate items are provided in the
secondary reference standards sets. These du-
plicate items are also calibrated and certified
by primary reference standards facilities, but
on alternating and non-interfering schedules.
These duplicates are frequently cross-checked
against their counterparts between calibration
periods. This provides an indication of the re-
liability and operability of both items.
e. The secondary reference sections, in addi-
tion to providing secondary reference support
for the transfer sections, repair organic sec-
ondary reference standards and secondary
AGO 5635A
transfer standards, and furnish technical sup-
port and advice to other agencies as required.
f. The secondary transfer sections use sec-
ondary transfer standards, which are mobile,
and which are used to certify the accuracy of
test and measuring equipment of supported
units. All secondary transfer standards are
calibrated and certified prior to the start of a
calibration loop. They are again checked upon
their return to the secondary reference stand-
ards facility to insure that they have not devi-
ated beyond specified tolerances. These trans-
fer standards are calibrated and certified
against secondary reference standards main-
tained by the secondary reference sections. It
should be noted here that although at full
strength the company is authorized 10 sets of
secondary transfer standards, some of these
sets may be provided less certain items. For
example, a microwave set is included in the
secondary transfer standards set, but the
quantity and types of systems provided sup-
port by the calibration company may not
require use of 10 microwave sets. The deter-
mining factors are the types of systems sup-
ported, the number of units to be provided sup-
port, and the geographical spread of these
units. Actual requirements are determined
during planning stages before the unit is com-
mitted and its mission and assignment estab-
lished. These requirements are coordinated
with the Army Metrology and Calibration
Center.
g. Normally, the accuracy of tactical or other
using unit equipment is certified by a mainte-
nance calibration check against instruments
of its supporting maintenance unit that have
been calibrated and certified by secondary
transfer section personnel of the calibration
company. When it is necessary for the calibra-
tion company to calibrate items of using unit
equipment, these items will normally be cali-
brated at the site of the unit's supporting main-
tenance unit. Maintenance units are normally
provided 14 days advance notice of scheduled
visits by secondary transfer sections; they, in
turn, are required to provide their supported
units with at least 7 days advance notice. When
established schedules conflict with using unit
operational requirements, the unit informs its
supporting maintenance unit so that mainten-
ance calibration checks by the maintenance unit
may be rescheduled, and so that the mainte-
21
 nance unit may be able to coordinate reschedui-
ing with the calibration company for those
items requiring secondary transfer section sup-
port. Such rescheduling, though, must be held
to the minimum, both from the standpoint of
maintaining accuracy of using unit test and
measuring equipment and because of the im-
pact of such rescheduling on calibration com-
pany operations.
h. Under certain conditions, the transfer
sections will find it necessary to provide cali-
bration service at the using unit's site, for it
is not practical to bring certain items requir-
ing calibration to the maintenance facility sup-
porting the unit. Conversely, there are some
items that cannot be calibrated by either the
maintenance support unit or the secondary
transfer sections; the using unit ships such
items to its supporting maintenance unit which
evacuates the items to the secondary reference
facility for necessary calibration.
i. In addition to providing calibration serv-
ices, the secondary transfer sections may per-
form minor repairs on a limited basis. These
repairs consist of direct replacement of plug-
in type assemblies and replacement of other
type components (resistors and capacitors)
when the defective item is obvious, replace-
ment parts are immediately available, and pro-
viding these repairs will not jeopardize the
transfer section's schedule. The transfer sec-
tion may carry a small quantity of repair parts
to facilitate such repairs, but the supported
unit should be required to provide the neces-
sary repair parts and assist in the maintenance
if possible. If required repairs cannot be ac-
complished easily and in a short time, the
equipment will be red-tagged'for repair in ac-
cordance with TM 38-750. Responsibility for
making arrangements for necessary repair falls
on the using unit. Transfer sections also pro-
vide technical assistance to supported units
by providing guidance on the care and use of
equipment. Test and measuring equipment cali-
bration and certification channels are indi-
cated in figures 2 and 3.
18. Control Office
a. When the company is established and
ready to conduct operations TALOG, field army
headquarters, and the supporting EAM facility
are notified. The calibration company will be
furnished a list of units to be supported and
22
may be provided a list of equipment, by type
and quantity, that is to be supported. Data
pertaining to support requirements, units, and
locations will be obtained from the field army
headquarters for field army units and from
TALOG for COMMZ units. If an equipment
density list is not provided, the control office
will develop one by referring to the TOE's of
supported units to determine equipment inf
their possession and the appropriate technical
bulletin or technical manual that denotes the
items requiring calibration. From this list, an
equipment density chart listing units sup-
ported, equipment in their possession requiring
calibration, and required frequency of cali-
bration (obtained from technical bulletins
which are indexed in DA Pam 310-4) will be
developed.
b. Liaison is then established with supported
units (fig. 3). One or more liaison teams are
dispatched to visit supported units. Usually
the control office will dispatch personnel of
the transfer sections, since they will be dealing
directly with supported units. Initial contact
(liaison) though, is established by a team nor-
mally headed by the control officer. This team
will notify supported units of the services that
will be provided by the calibration company,
will select sites within supported unit areas
that will best facilitate transfer section op-
erations, and will inform supported units of
what is expected of them in the way of materiel
and facilities when the transfer section makes
its visit.
c. After liaison is established with supported
units, the calibration schedule may be estab-
lished and an itinerary developed for each
transfer section in conjunction with the cali-
bration platoon headquarters. Each transfer
section is provided a list of units it will visit,
the equipment within each unit that must be
calibrated, the location of units, necessary
maps, available information on road conditions
or other factors that may impede operations,
dates of visits to each unit, duration of such
visits, and such other information and instruc-
tions deemed necessary.
d. The calibration schedule will be supplied
to the supporting EAM facility as required by
TM 38-750 to insure scheduling of equipment
to be calibrated and the preparation of calibra-
tion data cards by the EAM facility. The cali-
bration will indicate the location code number
AGO b635A
of the units that will be calibrated, and the
dates for five successive calibration loops.
Location codes are provided by the Army
Metrology and Calibration Center (TM 38-
750).
e. Calibration scheduling and the itinerary
of each section's trip is dependent on the
density and types of equipment supported, the
distance between units or activities to be
served, the calibration interval and the time
involved to calibrate equipment at each stop,
the geographical area to be covered, and the
number of units or activities within the area
requiring calibration service. The frequency
of calibration for each type of equipment sup-
ported must be determined from technical bul-
letins detailing the calibration procedures for
the specific items, and from instructions from
higher echelon calibration facilities.
f. Trips of transfer sections are scheduled
so that no two sections return to the reference
facility at the same time. This facilitates trans-
fer section processing and the checking and
certification of secondary transfer standards
by the secondary reference facility since it bal-
ances the reference facility's workload.
g. When a transfer section arrives at a
scheduled stop on its calibration loop it is ex-
pected to inform the control office by using
communications facilities of the supported unit.
Any delay en route between units should also
be reported. The section will also notify the
control office when it is ready to leave the
area of a supported unit for the next scheduled
stop. Such communication permits the control
office to keep track of progress and problems
of the transfer sections and permits the con-
trol office to relay any additional information
or instructions that become necessary; e.g.,
relocation of supported units, danger areas,
etc. If a transfer section fails to report in to
the control office after a reasonable delay to
allow time for such things as breakdowns on
the road, the control office will inform higher
headquarters so that a search may be started,
and will prepare to dispatch another section
to start the calibration loop over again.
h. Prior to initiation of a calibration loop,
however, the control office will obtain calibra-
tion working cards (DA Form 2416) from its
supporting EAM activity. The request will be
in accordance with location numbers assigned
to the units scheduled for calibration, and will
AGO 5635A
be made in sufficient time to permit the EAM
activity to reproduce, interpret, and forward
the required cards prior to the initiation of the
calibration loop. These cards are used to com-
pile, process, and submit data developed as a
result of calibrating test equipment. These
cards are prepared and submitted as indicated
in TM 38-750.
i. Two weeks before a calibration loop is
initiated, the control office will notify units to
be visited of the scheduled dates of transfer
section visits. The control office will also insure
that all secondary transfer standards are cali-
brated and certified prior to embarkation of
transfer sections on calibration loops.
j. Upon return of each transfer section, the
control office will assure that the secondary
transfer standards are again calibrated to
determine whether they have deviated boyond
their specified tolerances. If a standard does
not remain within its specified tolerance, the
loop is not considered closed and all equipment
calibrated with that standard must be recali-
brated. All units serviced by a defective stand
ard will be notified that specific test and mea-
suring equipment will be considered unreliable
until recalibrated.
k. The control office will also collect and tabu-
late information received from transfer sec-
tions and is responsible for obtaining, assur-
ing the preparation of, and submission of Cali-
bration Data Cards (DA Form 2416) to the
supporting EAM facility in accordance with
TM 38-750.
19. Calibration Platoon Headquarters
Platoon headquarters supervises and directs
activities of the calibration platoons. This
headquarters works closely with the control
office in developing calibration schedules and
transfer section itineraries, and performs the
functions of the control office for the calibra-
tion platoon when the platoon is geographically
separated from the rest of the company. Pla-
toon headquarters insures that all calibration
personnel are rotated through all phases of
calibration activities, collects and tabulates in-
formation developed by the reference sections
and the transfer sections for submission to the
control office, and prepares and maintains
necessary records and reports. Platoon head-
quarters personnel, less the clerk, will spend
most of their time within the secondary refer-
23
ence facility, supervising and taking part in
the performance of calibration and repair func-
tions.
20. Secondary Reference Sections
a. The secondary reference sections maintain
and operate the secondary reference facility-
(ies) and utilize and maintain the secondary
reference standards equipment used by the
company. These sections calibrate the second-
ary transfer standards of supported transfer
sections prior to the initiation of a calibration
loop and again when the transfer sections re-
turn. Calibration and certification as to ac-
curacy are essential to calibration loop closure.
If a secondary transfer standard does not re-
main within its specified tolerance, the loop is
not considered closed and all equipment cali-
brated with that standard must be recalibrated.
b. The secondary reference sections maintain
and repair, when necessary, the calibration
company's secondary reference and secondary
transfer standards. Repaired items are cali-
brated to insure accuracy. If the standards
cannot be repaired locally, unserviceable items
are evacuated for repair by a facility possess-
ing the required capability. Such evacuation
may be to a depot maintenance activity or to
the Army Metrology and Calibration Center
(depending on repair facilities in the theater
and instructions furnished by the Army Metrol-
ogy and Calibration Center). Concurrently
with turn-in and evacuation of an unservice-
able item, replacement items are requisitioned.
For information on forms and records used in
maintenance operations and details on their
preparation, see TM 38-750. For details on
field command use of maintenance data gener-
ated at using unit and support unit levels, see
TM 38-750-1.
c. These sections also calibrate certain items
of lower echelon test and measuring equipment
that cannot be calibrated by the secondary
transfer sections, provide technical support
and advice to other agencies as required, an-
notate calibration data cards, and compile
and submit information to the platoon head-
quarters for screening and submission to the
control office.
d. The secondary reference standards must
also be calibrated periodically to assure that
they have not deviated from established toler-
ances. They are calibrated by primary refer-
24
ence, primary transfer, or associated second-
ary reference standards. The Army Metrology
and Calibration Center provides information
on which items must be calibrated and at what
intervals. Specifics on how and when this serv-
ice will be provided to the calibration company
will be obtained from the primary reference
facility supporting the company. Items to be
calibrated will be carefully packaged according
to military specifications and will either be
shipped, or transported (depending on the dis-
tance involved) to the primary reference fa-
cility. The company may be required to ship
items requiring recalibration to its supporting
primary reference facility in CONUS or it may
be provided the necessary support by a pri-
mary reference facility of one of the other
services (Air Force, Navy) operating in the
theater, or from an Army facility, if estab-
lished (para 17c).
Note. Barometers must be calibrated within the sec-
ondary reference facility by primary transfer teams
dispatched from the primary reference facility and
using portable primary transfer standards.
a. Each of the transfer sections is assigned
to provide calibration services to a certain
number of units. Workload is determined by
the control office in accordance with the factors
listed in paragraph 18e. Visits are made in
accordance with an itinerary provided by the
control office. It is essential that transfer sec-
tions adhere to these itineraries. The sections
travel in and work from the vans indicated
in paragraph 15; but, when better service can
be afforded, or when distance, condition of
roads, or other factors exist which may pre-
dude completion of a calibration loop within
the prescribed time period, the control office
will arrange for air transportation for the
transfer sections.
b. The secondary transfer sections perform
calibration at the direct and general support
level. The test and measuring equipment lo-
cated at using unit sites and requiring second-
ary transfer calibration is evacuated to the
supporting maintenance unit for calibration.
The supporting maintenance unit is respon-
sible for providing its supported units with
7 days advance notice of transfer section
visits so that their test and measuring equip-
ment requiring calibration may be evacuated
AGO 5635A
 to the supporting maintenance unit. Under
exceptional circumstances, the secondary trans-
fer sections perform calibration at sites of
using units.
c. Prior to leaving the company on its sched-
ule of visits, the transfer section's secondary
transfer standards are calibrated and certified
by the secondary reference facility. This pro-
cess is called "opening the loop" (fig. 3).
d. Before starting its loop, each transfer
section is provided a prepunched calibration
working card (Calibration Data Card, DA
Form 2416, see TM 38-750) for each item of
test and measuring equipment it will calibrate.
These cards are provided to the transfer sec-
tions by the control office, which obtains them
from the supporting EAM activity. The cali-
bration working cards will have certain data
annotated thereon; therefore, on its first visit
to a supported unit the transfer section will
verify accuracy of the data. The pertinent
calibration working card will be completed by
calibration personnel of the section at the time
the equipment is being calibrated. When new
equipment is encountered or when a working
card has not been provided, a blank card will
be filled out and annotated. Completed cards
are returned to the control office (through
platoon headquarters) for further processing.
For details on obtaining, completing, and sub-
mitting these cards, see TM 38-750.
e. Immediately upon arrival at the direct or
general support maintenance unit (or, the
using unit, if appropriate), the transfer sec-
tion notifies the control office of the calibration
company of its arrival by utilizing communica-
tions facilities of the supported unit. Calibra-
tion is performed within the calibration vehicles
using external power sources, or by removing
standards from the vehicles and performing
calibration within the maintenance shop of
the direct or general support maintenance unit.
For each piece of equipment calibrated, a cali-
bration data card (working card) will be an-
notated to indicate the condition of equipment
prior to calibration, corrective action taken,
and the results of calibration. When test and
measuring equipment cannot be calibrated, and
repairs are necessary, calibration personnel
may assist maintenance personnel of the sup-
ported unit in performing minor repairs on a
limited basis.
f. Calibration personnel attach certification
AGO 5636A
labels in accordance with TM 38-750, certify-
ing that the instrument has been calibrated and
is within prescribed accuracy. Correction
charts will be annotated to indicate certified
correction figures. Equipment beyond the scope
of the team to repair or calibrate is red-tagged
in accordance with TM 38-750.
g. During its visit, the transfer section will
also provide technical advice to supported units
on the use and maintenance of test and mea-
suring equipment.
h. When the calibration of a supported unit's
equipment is completed, the chief of the trans-
fer section will inform the commander of the
organization or facility whose test and mea-
suring equipment was calibrated and will pro-
vide a list of items that were repaired or red-
tagged. A similar list will be provided to the
platoon headquarters upon return of the trans-
fer section to the calibration company area.
Before leaving the supported unit's area, the
section will again communicate with the cali-
bration company control office. It will then
proceed to the next unit on its itinerary, or
will return to the secondary reference facility
to complete the calibration loop.
i. Before returning to the secondary refer-
ence facility, the transfer section may be re-
quired to revisit a specific unit or units to
calibrate equipment that had been red-tagged
on its earlier visit and which has subsequently
been repaired. Supported units notify the con-
trol office of the repair of such items and the
control office will direct a revisit by the servic-
ing transfer section, if practicable.
j. After all supported units on its intinerary
have been visited, the transfer section returns
to the secondary reference facility. The sec-
tion's secondary transfer standards are once
again calibrated by the secondary reference fa-
cility to insure that they have not deviated be-
yond their specified tolerance. If the calibra-
tion determines that the secondary transfer
standards have not deviated beyond specified
tolerances, the calibration loop is considered
valid and is "closed" (fig. 3).
k. If calibration reveals that a certain stand-
ard has not remained within its specified toler-
ance, the loop is not considered closed and all
equipment calibrated with that standard will
have to be recalibrated. All units serviced by a
defective standard are notified that specific
test and measuring equipment will be consid-
25
ered unreliable until recalibrated. The control
office will arrange for necessary recalibration
and will inform units involved.
I. Usually closure of the loop and opening of
a new loop are simultaneous occurrences. The
calibration and certification of secondary
transfer standards upon return of the transfer
section satisfies the requirement for calibration
and certification prior to embarking on a new
loop. Normally, the transfer standards will not
be recalibrated unless there is a long delay be-
fore the transfer section goes out again, or a
change in environmental conditions occurs. The
decision as to whether this equipment must be
again calibrated is made by the control officer,
and must be based on common sense and exper-
ience.
m. While the transfer section awaits comple-
tion of processing and redispatch on another
loop, section members attend to personal needs
and perform any company duties as may be as-
signed. During this period, necessary mainten-
ance is performed on the section's organic
equipment.
22. Shop Supply
a. Shop supply functions are performed by
supply personnel organic to the control office.
These personnel comprise the shop supply ele-
ment which provides the repair parts and main-
tenance materials required by the secondary
reference sections and secondary transfer sec-
tions in the conduct of their operations. It re-
quisitions supplies; examines incoming ship-
ments to verify correctness of quantity, classi-
fication, and nomenclature; maintains records
pertaining to receipt, storage, and issue of ma-
teriel; and prepares reports as required. Al-
though the functions performed by this ele-
ment are essentially organizational supply
functions, they are separated from other or-
ganizational supply functions to provide rapid
response to calibration platoon repair parts re-
quirements.
b. Since this company has no external supply
mission, shop supply will issue items only to
other company elements. Requisitions from
the operating sections may be submitted to
shop supply on a Parts Requisition, DA Form
9-79. Specific procedures for requesting re-
pair parts from shop supply should be made a
matter of company SOP.
26
c. Requisitioning, receipt, and accounting for
supplies and equipment will be effected in ac-
cordance with the procedures of AR 735-35,
and AR 711-17.
23. Technical Library
A complete and up-to-date technical library
is essential to company operations. This li-
brary should be established by the control office
and in a location convenient to calibration per-
sonnel. It should contain directives from
higher headquarters and instructions from
higher echelon calibration facilities relative to
calibration, regulations governing calibration
operations, technical bulletins listing proced-
ures and frequency of calibration, appropriate
technical manuals, copies of TOE's of sup-
ported units, and copies of latest publications
indexes.
24. Packaging, Shipping, and Marking
a. Standards will be shipped in the original
containers in which they were received. In
instances where original containers are not
available or are inadequate, packaging and
shipment of standards and associated equip-
ment will be in accordance with specification
MIL-C-45686 or MIL-F-45687, applicable
technical bulletins, and with the appropriate
TM 39-series publication for individual mark-
ing. Special and precautionary handling
markings will be applied strictly in accordance
with the above specifications and MIL-STD-
129.
b. All shipping documentation and instruc.
tions will also be annotated to the effect that
special and precautionary handling is neces-
sary as indicated above.
25. Instruction on New Procedures,
Techniques, and Modifications
Because of the development of new equip-
ment requiring calibration and the resulting
development of calibration procedures, changes
to existing procedures or frequencies of cali-
bration, modifications of equipment, and the
issuance of other technical or regulatory ma-
terial on calibration, it is necessary to establish
an effective system for the analysis, interpre-
tation, and dissemination of this material and
instructions to personnel engaged in calibra-
tion functions. Moreover it is necessary to ef-
AGO 5635A
fect cross-training of personnel to add flexibil-
ity and versatility to company operations. For
this reason, training is one of the most impor-
tant functions of the company. To facilitate
this training, the platoon sergeants of the cali-
bration platoons serve as calibration instruc-
tors and screen all incoming technical and reg-
ulatory material relating to calibration tech-
AGO 5635A
niques, procedures, or equipment modification.
They assist in interpreting and implementing
directives and instructions, supervise the cross-
training of personnel, and prepare and deliver
instruction as necessary. Overall training re-
quirements and arrangements for school train-
of calibration personnel are the responsibilities
of the control office.
27
 CHAPTER 4
TACTICAL OPERATIONS
Section I. GENERAL
26. Introduction
a. The calibration company is a category III
unit. A category III unit is one whose mission
includes service and operations in support of a
combat area and the operating agencies of a
COMMZ.
b. Because of its category and location in a
theater of operations, the company is not pro-
vided sufficient personnel or armament to es-
tablish and maintain a complete company de-
fensive system comprised of outposts, defen-
sive positions, defensive works, and exterior
and interior guards. The company's defensive
armament is limited to small arms. It is cap-
able of defending itself against limited ground
attack, but even such action is at the expense
of the company's mission.
c. Even though the company has a limited
defensive capability, the commander must
make the most of this capability by assuring
that personnel are trained in the basic skills
of the soldier and by developing plans for de-
fense against any type of attack. Because of
its mission, assignment, and facility require-
ments, the company will usually operate from
permanent or semi-permanent type structures
located in cities or towns. In such an area,
attack by enemy ground troops is improbable;
but, the possibility of aerial attack must be
considered, as well as airborne attack and sab-
otage or guerrilla attack, if operating in oc-
cupied territory where enemy sympathizers are
known or suspected to exist.
d. When operating from a built-up area, like
a town or city, the biggest threat lies in the
possibility of air attack by planes or missiles
using conventional explosives or chemical bio-
logical, radiological, or nuclear weapons. The
company's only defense against such an attack
is a passive one, using dispersion to the maxi-
mum extent consistent with operational re-
quirements; camouflage; preventing disclo-
sure, to the local inhabitants of the area, of the
activities and mission of the company; and im-
28
plementing previously established plans to
limit the effects of such attacks if they do
occur.
e. Even with its limited capabilities, the com-
pany will establish a perimeter and interior
guard system. If additional security is re-
quired, assistance will be sought from higher
headquarters. Depending on the area of oper-
ations and the units located therein, such as-
sistance may be provided by adjacent units in
the area. Since the company commander is
responsible for security and defense of his com-
pany, he must be alert to security requirements
and must develop plans accordingly.
f. The transfer sections, more than other
company elements, are apt to encounter ground
attack. Since their operations take them with-
in the combat zone, they may encounter am-
bushes, guerrilla action, or opposition from by-
passed pockets of enemy ground forces. When
it is known, or suspected, that the transfer
sections may encounter such opposition on the
routes they will utilize (intelligence agencies
or military police may provide such informa-
tion), alternate routing should be effected, if
practicable, or higher headquarters must be re-
quested to provide the necessary security. If
security of the transfer sections becomes too
much of a problem, consideration should be
given to movement of the sections by air.
27. Movement SOP's
Certain aspects of movement become routine,
either by their nature or because the com-
mander wishes to make them so. This includes
such things as composition of march units;
duties of reconnaissance, advance, and rear
parties; and convoy security. Some changes
may be required, but basically, the procedures
vary little from movement to movement. There-
fore, the preparation of SOP's to cover these
aspects of operations relieves the commander
of the necessity for repeated planning and is-
suance of directives for the conduct of opera-
AGO 5635A
tions that follow an established pattern. For
details on motor movements, see FM 55-30.
28. Loading Plans
a. Movement planning also requires the
preparation of loading plans. Plans for the
loading of personnel and equipment must be
made for every type of transport that may be
utilized in the move. Plans must be made as
far in advance as possible to provide time for
any necessary packaging and preservation.
Plans are based on the type of transport to be
used; the number of men involved; and the
type, size, weight, and quantity of supplies and
equipment to be moved.
b. When long distance moves are made and
airlifting of equipment is to be accomplished,
AGO 5686A
the M292 van must be given special considera-
tion. If the aircraft is not large enough to ac-
cept the M292 in its entirety, the M4 body
must be removed and air-lifted. This entails
having an M46C, 21/2-ton chassis at the new lo-
cation or transporting the chassis in another
aircraft.
c. FM 101-10 contains valuable information
on movement of personnel and equipment, in-
cluding tonnages that can be handled by vari-
ous modes of transport, loading procedures, the
number of trucks required for motor move-
ments, etc. Detailed instructions on packing,
boxing, and loading materiel are contained in
appropriate technical bulletins, which are in-
dexed in DA Pam 310-4 and in pertinent mili-
tary specifications.
29
 CHAPTER 5
COMMUNICATIONS
29. Communications Methods
a. The calibration company is equipped with
a switchboard, telephones, and associated
equipment to facilitate installation, operation,
and maintenance of a company wire net (fig.
10). The company is not equipped with radios.
The bulk of communications within the com-
pany and to and from higher headquarters and
other units will be handled by telephone. Tele-
phone calls at night will probably be routed to
the secondary reference sections where per-
sonnel maintain around-the-clock operations.
TO BATTALION HEADQUARTERS
EITHER DIRECTLY OR THROUGH
NEAREST SWITCHING POINT OF
THE AREA COMMUNICATIONS
SYSTEM.
COMPANY
SWITCHBOARD
SUPPLY SGT
_ CONTROL OFFICE
CONTROL OFFICE
o MOTOR SGT
o CALIB PLAT
o CALIB PLAT
Figure 10. Wire net, Army calibration company.
b. These telephones are tied in to the switch-
board at company headquarters. The company
switchboard is connected to the nearest switch-
ing point of the area communications system.
30
This permits communications with higher,
adjacent, and other units as may be necessary.
Telephonic communications are used to coord-
inate the operations of the various elements of
the company; to expedite the transmission of
information, orders, and requests among the
various elements of the company; and to fa-
cilitate control and direction of the company by
higher headquarters. Once established, the
communications system must be employed in
accordance with prescribed communications
operating procedures.
30. Installation and Operation of Facilities
The installation and operation of the com-
pany's wire equipment will be in conformance
with the signal operation instructions (SOI)
and standing signal instructions (SSI) of
higher headquarters. These instructions may
be supplemented by company communications
procedures which are incorporated in the com-
pany SOP. Procedures which are outlined in
the company SOP must not violate or conflict
with those instructions listed in official publi-
cations distributed by higher headquarters.
FM 24-16 will assist the unit communications
officer in preparing orders, records, and re-
ports pertaining to communications. Also see
FM 24-20.
31. Transfer Section Communications
Each transfer section is required to report to
the calibration company control office when ar-
riving and before leaving a scheduled stop on
its calibration loop. Since these sections are
not equipped with radios, communication must
be effected by utilizing facilities of the sup-
ported unit to communicate with the control
office through the area communications system.
AGO 5635A
 APPENDIX I

REFERENCES

The references listed below should be checked listed below, publications indexes (DA Pam
frequently for latest revisions relating to ma- 310-series) should be screened to determine
terial covered in this text. In particular, the and obtain all Army and Special Regulations,
publications indexes (DA Pam 310-series) Technical Bulletins, Technical Manuals, Supply
should be checked. Note also that a complete Bulletins, Supply Manuals, Lubrication Orders,
list of references applicable to all elements of and Modification Work Orders pertaining to
the company would be too voluminous for in- equipment supported by the company or gov-
clusion here. In addition to the references erning procedures and techniques.
1. Army Regulations (AR)
1-200 Inspections and Staff Visits
10-16 United States Army Nuclear Weapon Systems Surety Group
11-14 Materiel Readiness
35-273 Accounting Policy and Procedures for Intragovernment, Intradefense,
and Intradepartment Transactions
55-113 Movement of Units Within Continental United States
220-1 Unit Readiness
220-10 Preparation for Oversea Movement of Units (POM)
220-58 Organization and Training for Chemical, Biological, and Radioiogical
Operations
220-160 Tactical and Training Inspections
320-5 Dictionary of United States Army Terms
320-50 Authorized Abbreviations and Brevity Codes
380-5 Safeguarding Defense Information
380-150 Security of Restricted Data
385-10 Army Safety Program
385-40 Accident Reporting and Records
600-55 Motor Vehicle Driver-Selection, Testing, Licensing
611-101 Manual of Commissioned Officer Military Occupational Specialties
611-112 Manual of Warrant Officer Military Occupational Specialties
611-201 Manual of Enlisted Military Occupational Specialties
700-52 Licensing and Control of Radioactive Materials
700-58 Report of Damaged or Improper Shipment
(0) 700-65 Nuclear Weapons and Nuclear Weapons Material
711-17 Utilization and Processing of DA Forms 2765 and 2765-1, Request for
Issue or Turn-In (Punched Card Series)
735-5 Property Accountability: General Principles and Policies
735-35 Supply Procedures for TOE Units, Organizations, and Non-TOE
Activities
750-1 Maintenance Concepts
750-5 Organization, Policies, and Responsibilities for Maintenance Operations
750-6 Maintenance Support Planning
750-8 Command Maintenance Management Inspections
750-10 Materiel Readiness
750-20 Maintenance Calibration System Procedures
750-25 Army Calibration System
750-45 Materiel Readiness of Selected Equipment
755-380 Disposal of Unwanted Radioactive Material
AGO 563SA 31
2. Field Manuals (FM)
3-10 Chemical and Biological Weapons Employment
3-12 Operational Aspects of Radiological Defense
5-20 Camouflage, Basic Principles and Field Camouflage
5-21 Camouflage of Fixed Installations
5-22 Camouflage Materials
9-5 Ordnance Ammunition Service
21-5 Military Training Management
21-11 First Aid for Soldiers
21-40 Small Unit Procedures in Chemical, Biological, and Radiological (CBR)
Operations
21-41 Soldier's Handbook for Chemical and Biological Operations and Nuclear
Warfare
21-48 Chemical, Biological, and Radiological (CBR) and Nuclear Defense
Training Exercises
24-16 Signal Orders, Records, and Reports
24-20 Field Wire and Field Cable Techniques
31-15 Operations Against Irregular Forces
31-16 Counterguerrilla Operations
54-1 The Logistical Command
55-30 Motor Transportation Operations
100-10 Field Service Regulations, Administration
101-10 (Part 1) Organizational, Technical, and Logistical Data, Part 1-Unclassified
Data

3. Technical Manuals (TM)

3-210 Fallout Prediction
3-220 Chemical, Biological, and Radiological (CBR) Decontamination
11-6665-204-12 Calibrators, Radiac TS-784/PD and TS-784A/PD
38-750 Army Equipment Record Procedures
38-750-1 Maintenance Management, Field Command Procedures
(S) 39-0-1 Numerical Index to Joint Atomic Weapons Publications (Including Re-
lated Publications) (U)

4. Supply Manuals (SM)

9-4-4931-J38 Electronic Equipment Calibration Standards Set; Secondary Reference
(4931-621-7878)
9-4-4931-J39 Electronic Equipment Calibration Standards Set; Secondary Transfer
(4931-621-7877)

5. Technical Bulletins (TB)

9-296-series Calibration Procedure for Test Equipment Used with Ordnance Materiel
9-342 Calibration and Comparison Checks of Test Measuring Equipment
(NIKE-AJAX/HERCULES/Improved HERCULES Air Defense
Guided Missile System)
11-6665-204-12 Safe Handling, Storage, and Transportation of Calibrators, Radiac,
TS-784/PD and TS-784A/PD
TB ORD 1026-series Calibration Procedures for Test Equipment Used with Army Materiel
TB IG 5 Inspector General Technical Proficiency Inspection
TB SIG 225 Identification and Handling of Radioactive Signal Items

32 AGO 5635A
6. Department of the Army Pamphlets (DA Pam)
108-1 Index of Army Motion Pictures, Film Strips, Slides, and Phono-Re-
cordings
310-1 Index of Administrative Publications
310-2 Index of Blank Forms
310-3 Index of Doctrinal, Training, and Organizational Publications
310-4 Index of Technical Manuals, Technical Bulletins, Supply Manuals, Supply
Bulletins, Lubrication Orders, and Modification Work Orders
310-21 through Indexes of Supply Manuals
310-30
7. Miscellaneous Publications
MIL-STD-129B Marking for Shipment and Storage
MIL-C-45686 Cases, Fire Control, Electronic Calibration Standards-; Reusable, Metal
MIL-F-45687 Fire Control, Electronic Calibration Standards; Packaging of
MIL-M-20800 Manuals, Technical, Special Weapons (Nuclear)
Manufacturer's Manuals for Calibration Standards

AGO 5635A 33
 APPENDIX II
DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS
This appendix contains a list of definitions
and abbreviations commonly associated with
calibration and related procedures. This list
is not all-inclusive. A complete listing of tech-
nical terms would be too large and voluminous
for publication herein. For this reason, this
appendix is restricted to those terms most corn-
mon to calibration company operations. The
terms and definitions listed in this appendix
are intended to be used only as a handy, gen-
eral reference. It is not intended that, these
definitions be used as a yardstick to establish
military policy or doctrine, nor to conflict with
the provisions of pertinent Army Regulations
and other regulatory publications. For defini-
tions of terms or explanations of abbreviations
not listed herein, see AR's 320-5, 320-50, and
the regulations and technical publications per-
taining to the item or procedure involved
Audit packCag7e. A package containing standards and.
reports which are forwarded to a standards facility
where calibration is performed. The completed re-
port of this calibration (environmental conditions,
techniques, etc.) is transmitted, with the standard
or standards, to the point of origin for evaluation.
Calibrated
Calibrated test
test equipment. That direct
equipment. That direct support,
support, gen-
gen-
eral support,,or organizational test equipment which
has been calibrated by a secondary transfer or if
has been calibrated
by a secondary transfer or if
necessary, a secondary reference section.
Calibration. The comparison of a lower echelon stand-
ard or a measuring instrument with a standard of
known accuracy to determine variations in accuracy.
As a result of comparison, lower echelon' standards
or measuring instruments are adjusted to improve
their accuracy when there are inaccuracies or rec-
ords of any inaccuracies are furnished to permit
compensation for them. The functions of calibra-
tion also include "maintenance calibration" which
is also defined in this appendix.
Direct method of calibration. Periodic rotation of
a standard or test and measuring equipment for
direct comparison with a higher level standard.
Transfer method (closed loop). An operation
wherein certified standards are used at one or
more locations for the purpose of certifying the
accuracy of measurement standards or test and
measuring equipment, and when compared again
with the original standards confirm that their
validity has not been affected.
Calibration correction chart. A chart or graph pre-
pared for specific test and measuring equipment to
show the correction which must be applied to the
34
indicated reading to obtain the actual value of the
parameter being measured.
Calib7ation facility. That part or adjunct of an in-
stallation or a unit which provides calibration
services.
Calibration loop. An operation wherein certified stand-
ards are transported to one or more locations for
the purpose of certifying the accuracy of reference
standards or test equipment, and are returned to their
points of origin.
Certified test instruments. Test or measuring instru-
ments which have been certified as to accuracy by
comparison with calibrated standards or test equip-
ment.
Certification label. A label (DA Label 80) affixed to a
primaly or secondary standard or to an item of
test and measuring equipment to certify that the
item has been calibrated or maintenance calibrated
to required accuracy, to indicate the date of cali-
bration or maintenance calibration, to indicate the
date the next calibration or maintenance calibration
is due, to identify the individual item of equipment
calibrated, and to identify the individual and cali-
bration facility performing the service. Certfication
of the item is valid only between the dates indicated
on the label.
Ce
tified as being within certain tolerances.
Closed loop. A calibration loop wherein a transfer
standard, after being returned to its point of origin,
is confirmed as valid.
Cross-checking. A method by which two or more
standards of equal, or near equal, accuracy are com-
pared with each other. It is intended to act as an
interim check on the stability and operability of a
standard between regularly scheduled calibrations
or certifications by a higher level laboratory.
Maintenance calibration. That operation performed by
users of test and measuring equipment, utilizing
calibrated test and measuring equipment, to detect
and adjust any variation in uncalibrated test and
measuring equipment.
Metrology. The science of measurement including the
development of measurement standards and systems
for absolute and relative measurements.
Measurement standard. An item of known accuracy
which is established by authority as a basis for
reference measurements. Measurement standards in-
elude: national standards, primary reference stand-
ards, primary transfer standards, secondary refer-
ence standards, and secondary transfer standards.
Minor repair on a limited basis. Repair that consists
of direct replacement of plug-in type components
and replacement of other types of components (re-
sistors and capacitors) when the defective compo-
nent is obvious, replacement parts are immediately
AGO 5635A
 available, and effecting these repairs will not jeop-
ardize the calibration section's schedule.
NBS. The abbreviation for the National Bureau of
Standards.
OSM. An abbreviation for outer setting marker, a
correction adjustment for altimeters showing the
amount of correction.
Postloop. Confirming calibration following transfer
section movement.
Red-tag. This form (Unserviceable Test Instrument
or Standard, DA Form 2417) is attached to an
unserviceable test instrument or standard indicating
that repair is required. The tag consists of a pink
frontal sheet, a carbon paper throwaway insert, and
a red cardboard backing. The cardboard backing
remains attached to the instrument or standard until
such time as the corrective action has been com-
pleted. The pink frontal sheet is furnished to the
responsible property or maintenance officer and
serves as a memorandum of action required.
Repeatability. The quality of a series of like readings
remaining within certain allowable tolerances be-
tween the lowest and highest readings.
Self-calibrating equipment. That equipment having
certified internal references which are capable of
calibrating parameters, ranges, and accuracies of
the equipment, either manually or automatically.
Standard. An item of known accuracy which is estab-
lished by authority as a basis for reference measure-
ments.
National reference standards. Standards main-
tained by the National Bureau of Standards
(Washington, D.C., and Boulder, Colorado)
which constitute the highest level of accuracy
and the legal basis for measurement in the
United States.
Primary reference standards. Standards repre-
senting the highest level of accuracy within the
Army calibration system or a standard of
equivalent accuracy maintained by the Navy or
Air Force. These standards are the only Army
standards certified by the National Bureau of
AGO 5635A
Standards, when such certification services are
provided, and are housed in an adequately-
controlled environment.
Primary transfer standards. Standards maintained
by a primary reference laboratory, with ac-
curacy certified as a result of comparison to
primary reference standards, and used to certify
the accuracy of secondary reference standards.
These standards may be transferred to sec-
ondary reference facilities to certify the accu-
racy of secondary reference standards.
Secondary reference standards. Standards with
accuracy certified as a result of a comparison to
primary reference standards, and authorized for
use to certify the accuracy of subordinate stand-
ards. They are housed in a controlled environ-
ment.
Secondary transfer standards. Standards with ac-
curacy certified as a result of comparison to
secondary reference standards, and used to
certify the accuracy of test or measuring equip-
ment.
SRS. An abbreviation for secondary reference standard.
STS. An abbreviation for secondary transfer standard.
Surveillance. All actions necessary to assure constant
adherence to the policies and procedures of the cali-
bration program.
Test and measuring equipment. Those devices which
are used to measure the characteristics of materiel.
Special-type test and measuring equipment. Test and
measuring equipment designed for, and applicable to,
a specific end item, component, or select group
thereof.
Standard-type test and measuring equipment. Test and
measuring equipment, usually of commercial design,
having universal application without limitation as to
specific commodity, item, or component.
Transfer method. A calibration method wherein cer-
tain standards are used at one or more locations for
the purpose of certifying the accuracy of standards
or test and measuring equipment, and when com-
pared again with the original standards confirms
that their validity has not been affected.
35
 APPENDIX III

ELECTRICAL SAFETY ANNEX TO COMPANY SOP

(SAMPLE)

CALIBRATION COMPANY

5 August 1964

SUBJECT: ELECTRICAL SAFETY

TO: All Personnel

1. PURPOSE: To prescribe minimum safe operating procedures and pre-

cautions relative to operations involving all types of electrical and elec-
tronic equipment.

2. APPLICABILITY: To all personnel operating or associated with the

operation of electrical or electronic equipment.

3. RESPONSIBILITY: Responsibility for safety rests with everyone.

All personnel working with electrical or electronic equipment will comply
with the electrical safety measures contained in this annex.

4. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS: The following safety precautions will be

observed at all times:
a. Electrical Equipment:
(1) No electrical or power equipment will be operated, repaired, or
modified by persons other than those qualified by proper train-
ing to do so.
(2) Personnel operating equipment utilizing or containing high
voltages will stand on dry rubber floor matting and/or will
wear nonconductive-soled safety shoes.
(3) Safety devices such as interlocks, fuses, circuit breakers and
limit switches will remain in the circuit at all times except
during repairs or maintenance. Power will NEVER be ap-
plied to a circuit in which the safety devices have been elim-
inated or bypassed except when necessary for the proper per-
formance of maintenance. Extreme caution should be exer-
cised by personnel performing maintenance on circuits whose
safety devices or interlocks have been bypassed.
(4) Should a power failure occur during the operation of any
electrical test equipment, the test equipment will be turned
off and connecting cables removed from the power outlets.
(5) Cables will ALWAYS be connected or disconnected by means
of end connectors, never by pulling the cable leads.
(6) All electrical wall outlets will be plainly marked as to voltage,
frequency, and current type (e.g., 120 V, 60 cycle, AC).
(7) All outlets and plugs will be polarized to preclude the existence
of dangerous potentials between standards and test equipments.
b. Troubleshooting Equipment.

36 AGO 5685A
 (1) In troubleshooting electrical equipment in which there exists
high voltage, extreme care will be exercisd not to place one
hand on an energized component and the other on an electrical
ground such as the chassis of the equipment. A suggested
method of working on such equipment is to use only one hand
for probing while keeping the other hand in pocket or behind
the back., When performing operations requiring the use of
both hands (e.g., when making voltage measurements with a
voltmeter), both leads should be firmly held and solidly placed
on test points.
(2) The following precautions should be observed when trouble-
shooting high voltage equipment:
(a) Stand on a rubber mat or wear rubber-soled shoes.
(b) Keep one hand free and clear of equipment, when feasible,
to reduce the possibility of electrical shock.
(c) Inspect all interlock safety switches and fuses and be sure
that they are in good condition. Bypass circuit devices only
when indicated in repair procedure. Use extreme caution
when working on equipment whose circuit devices have
been bypassed.
(d) Be certain that' high voltage capacitors are discharged before
working in the circuit. Capacitors may hold a dangerous
charge long after power has been removed.
(e) Work in pairs, wherever possible.
(f) Remove bracelets, watches or other dangling objects on the
arms or wrists that might make accidental contact with a
live circuit.
(g) Do not hurry any operation.
(3) Under no circumstances will fuses be-
(a) Removed or replaced by means other than fuse pullers,
except in the case of removable fuse holders, which can
be removed or replaced by hand.
(b) Electrically bypassed.
(c) Replaced while power is being applied to the circuit under
test.
(d) Replaced by fuses of high, current rating or improper type.
c. Grounding of Equipment.
(1) All items of electrical equipment connected to a source of
power will be grounded, with the exception of small hand
meters or items for which special instructions prohibit
grounding.
(2) Noncurrent-carrying frames of electrically-powered equipment
and tools such as hand-held power tools will be connected to
a grounding conductor.
(3) A grounding system consists of a conductor i(electrode) buried
in the earth to provide a low resistance electrical path to
ground. Resistance to ground from a buried electrode should
not exceed 25 ohms.
(4) If a cold water piping system is not available as a grounding
electrode, a driven rod or buried plate may be used.
(5) Conductors used in the ground system will have a current-
carrying capacity at least equal to but preferably greater than
AGO 5635A 37
 the rating or setting of the automatic protective devices used
in the power supply system.
(6) Resistance measured from the leading end of the most remote
grounding electrode will be less than two ohms.
(7) Grounding conductors will be terminated with battery or
spring-loaded alligator clamps or spade connectors as ap-
plicable. Clamps will be attached to clean, bare metal surfaces
only.
(8) Flexible metal braid straps may be used for power and static
grounding of all electronic and electrical test and measuring
equipment.
d. Fire Extinguishers.
(1) Carbon dioxide (CO/2) is the preferred fire extinguisher for
use on electrical fires, although carbon tetrachloride (CCL/4)
fire extinguishers may also be used.
(2) Soda-acid, water, or foam extinguishers will not be used on
electrical fires as the water and foam may be conductive and
subject the user to electrical shock.
e. High Voltage.
(1) "High Voltage" signs will be prominently posted at all test
stations and on equipment where high voltages are present.
(2) High voltage equipment will be shielded or isolated so as to
minimize the possibility of accidental personal contact with
exposed energized parts.
(3) Upon completion of test or use of power, all power cables
will be disconnected from the power source.
(4) Removal of personnel in contact with high potential.
(a) To remove a person in contact with high potential, find
the main power switch and turn it off, but do not waste
time looking for it.
(b) Treatment of persons who are unconscious and not breath-
ing:
1. Send for medical assistance.
2. Start artifical respiration immediately (mouth-to-mouth
preferred, see FM 21-11) and continue until normal
breathing is resumed or until competent medical per-
sonnel assume responsibility.
3. Keep the patient warm and quiet.
4. Administer hot liquids and other mild stimulants after
normal consciousness returns.
f. Tubes and Lamps.
(1) Electron tubes will be removed from equipment only by use
of appropriate type tube pullers. Tubes will not be removed
with bare hands.
(2) Fluorescent-type tubes used in the lighting system will not be
handled or changed by other than properly trained personnel.
(3) Cathode ray tubes will not be handled by the neck since this
is the weakest part and the most easily damaged or broken.
(4) If a tube does break causing small cuts, such cuts will be
washed carefully to insure that all dirt and foreign matter
is removed. The material used for coating tubes is not con-
sidered toxic, but there is a possibility of unusual personal
sensitivity or allergy in some persons.

38 AGO 5635A
 (5) Tubes should never be removed from an energized circuit
without first determining if it is safe to do so.
g. Microwave and X-Ray Radiation.
(1) Microwave radiation may cause damage to the eyes when
personnel are working around equipment which emits radia-
tion. Care should be taken not to look directly at the source
of radiation.
(2) Certain cathode ray tubes, when operated at high voltages,
emit X-Rays. Shielding may be necessary to protect against
possible danger of personal injury resulting from prolonged
exposure.
h. Fire Prevention Precautions.
(1) All electrical equipment will be operated in strict compliance
with appropriate technical publications.
(2) Rated loads will not be exceeded for any electrical equipment.
i. Selenium Rectifiers.
(1) Improper handling or malfunctions of selenium rectifiers can
result in serious injuries and illness. These rectifiers are
normally very reliable when operated within rated voltage
and current limits. However, a circuit or rectifier malfunc-
tion causing failure of the rectifier will cause liberation of
selenium dioxide fumes.
(2) If selenium rectifier failure occurs and selenium dioxide fumes
are given off:
(a) Hold your breath.
(b) Disconnect power.
(c) Evacuate the immediate area.
(a) Prevent entry to area.
(e) Thoroughly ventilate the area.
(f) Use gloves when repairing damage.

PATRICK F. GREER
Capt, OrdCorps
Commanding

AGO 5635A .39

 By Order of the Secretary of the Army:

HAROLD K. JOHNSON,
General, United States Army,
Official: Chief of Staff.
J. C. LAMBERT,
Major General, United States Army,
The Adjutant General.

Distribution:
Active Army:
DCSPER (10) USAMC (15) Bn (3)
ACSI (10) USAECOM (28) USAMCC (5)
DCSLOG (10) USAMICOM (18) USACDCIAS (1)
DCSOPS (Oj · USAMOCOM (60) USACDCEC (10)
ACSFOR (10) USAMUCOM (5) USACDCSWCAG (5)
CORC (10) USACDC Agcy (5) USACDCNG (1)
CRD (5) ARADCOM (10) USACDCCCISG (1)
COA (5) ARADCOM Rgn (10) USACDCCSSG (5)
CINFO (5) OS Maj Comd (5) except USACDCCAG (5)
TIG (5) USARPAC (30) USAADS (4)
TJAG (5) LOGCOMD (5) USAAVNS (2)
TPMG (3) Armies (25) USAES (10)
TSG (3) Corps (15) USAOGMS (5)
OPO (10) Div (10) USAQMS (2)
CofEngrs (3) Div Arty (5) USACMLCS (25)
CofCh (3) Bde (5) USASCS (4)
USCONARC (10) Regt/Gp (5) USATSCH (2)
USACDC (10) CC (5) Units org under fol TOE:
29-227 (16)

NG: State AG (3).

USAR: Units-same as active Army except allowance is one copy to each unit.
For explanation of abbreviations used, see AR 320-50.

40 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
AGO 5635A
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