Peripheral membrane proteins are membrane proteins that adhere only temporarily to the biological

membrane with which they are associated. These proteins attach tointegral membrane proteins, or penetrate
the peripheral regions of the lipid bilayer.

peripheral proteins are found on the surface of the membrane, not deeply embedded and can
disconnect without affecting the structure of the membrane. some of their functions are; some act as
receptors, some as enzymes, catalyzing the reaction and since many are cytoskeletons, they give a
cell its shape, offers support, and facilitates movement through three main components: micro
filaments, intermediate filaments, and micro tubules

A transmembrane protein (TP) is a type of integral membrane protein that spans the entirety of thebiological
membrane to which it is permanently attached. Many transmembrane proteins function as gateways to permit
the transport of specific substances across the biological membrane. They frequently undergo
significant conformational changes to move a substance through the membrane.

Cell surface proteins can be a receptor to bind a ligand and activate a signal transduction in the
cell, to act according to the stimulus. As a channel or pumps, they selectively conduct transport of
nutrients, salts such as sodium, potassium, calcium

Protoplast, from ancient Greek πρωτόπλαστος (prōtóplastos, "first-formed"), in biology, it was proposed
by Hanstein (1880) to refer to the entire cell, excluding the cell wall,[1][2] but currently has several definitions:

Formally, osmosis is the net movement of water across a semipermeable

membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher
solute concentration.
Passive transport is the cellular process of moving molecules and other substances across
membranes.Passive transport differs from active transport in that it does not involve any chemical
energy. Rather,passive transport relies on the innate permeability of the cell membrane and its
component proteins and lipids.

active transport
noun
BIOLOGY
1. the movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher
concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy.
endocytosis

ˌEndocytosis
noun
BIOLOGY
1. the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole.