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Bibliography

Claire Groulx, Mod 7

Primary Sources
1. Marcus, Eric. Making Gay History: The Half-Century Fight for Lesbian and Gay Equal
Rights. New York: Perennial, 2002.

Eric Marcus’s book provides first-hand account of the Stonewall Inn Riots, as well
as the gay rights movement. Marcus was in the Stonewall Inn whilst police
apprehended patrons and documented the details in his novel.

2. “Stonewall Inn Raid Enrages the Homosexual Community in 1969.” NY Daily News, NEW
YORK DAILY NEWS, 8 May 2016, www.nydailynews.com/new-york/manhattan/stonewall-
raid-enrages-homosexual-community-1969-article-1.2627685.(This website contains the
text from the newspaper from July 6, 1969)

While this website is not the actual newspaper, it contains the exact text from the
newspaper documenting the Stonewall Riots a week after it occurred. The
newspaper articles include the reactions to the raid, the summary of the event,
and opinions from the police.

3. Stonewall Inn Nightclub Raid. Crowd Attempts to Impede Police Arrests Outside the
Stonewall Inn on Christopher Street in Greenwich Village. New York Daily News Archive , 23
June 2015, www.gettyimages.ca/event/the-stonewall-inn-granted-landmark-status-
557667129#stonewall-inn-nightclub-raid-crowd-attempts-to-impede-police-arrests-picture-
id97321331.

This image depicts police restraining and pushing back the crowd attempting to
thwart law enforcement from detaining patrons of the Stonewall Inn. This was
photographed directly from the Stonewall Riots.

4. Rivera, Sylvia, and Eric Marcus. “Sylvia Rivera Discusses the Stonewall Riots in a Never-
Heard-Before Interview (Exclusive).” www.out.com/out-exclusives/2016/10/13/sylvia-rivera-
discusses-stonewall-riots-never-heard-interview-exclusive.

The website listed contains the audio and transcript from the interview between
Eric Marcus and Sylvia Rivera, who were both experienced the raid at Stonewall
Inn. Rivera was a drag queen, dressed in drag during the raid.
Secondary Sources
1. Lee, Hannah. “The Stonewall Riots.” The Evolution of NYC — History 128, 4 Dec. 2014,
hannahlee.web.unc.edu/2014/12/04/the-stonewall-riots-2/.

This is a website that summarizes the events from the Stonewall Inn raids in a detailed and
organized fashion. The information in this website was obtained from both primary and
secondary sources.

2. Wright, Lionel. “The Stonewall Riots – 1969.” Socialist Alternative,


https://www.socialistalternative.org/stonewall-riots-1969/

Much like the other secondary source, this website describes the night of the riots in full
detail.
The Stonewall Riots:
Opening the Closet Door to Gay
Equal Rights

Claire Groulx
I decided on doing my history fair project on the Stonewall Riots because I feel as
if the LGBT+ community is underrepresented. Because I wanted my topic to somehow
relate to both the theme as well as the LGBT+ community, I searched for what started the
Gay Equal Rights Movements. When I stumbled across the Stonewall Inn Riots, I knew I
had to cover that in my project. I read about how drag queens, homosexuals, transgender
people, and other queer people were ostracized by their community and found solace in
the Stonewall Inn, which became a popular LGBT+ hangout. The conflict between police
forces, society, and the queer community made this the perfect topic for this year’s
theme.

For my research, I wanted to use the perspectives of those who were at the
Stonewall Inn during the police raid. It was difficult finding people who have
documented their experience at the Stonewall Inn during the police raid. Therefore, most
of my primary sources were from newspapers and images. Methods I used for
researching the Stonewall Riots was through books in the public library, newspaper
archives and copies online, as well as audio and visual components online.

I determined that I would use a website for my project because of the accessibility
for the public, as well as myself. Internet users would be able to educate themselves
online, as opposed to having a display board. Not only this but also because imagery,
audio, as well as online sources are a major part of my project.

The topic of the Stonewall Riots relates to the theme of Conflict & Compromise
because of the conflict between the queer community and opposing forces. The conflict
back then has made government officials across the world compromise and allow people
in the LGBT+ community to be treated the same as heterosexual citizens.This battle for
equal treatment is still prevalent today, but much less severe.

Word Count: 318 Words

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