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1
eRAN12.1 Workshop
CIoT
Madrid- March 2017
1 GENERAL OVERVIEW
CIoT
Camera
l >10Mbps 3G/4G
Electronic billboards…
0.2B
Long Battery Life Deep Penetration Low Device Cost Mass Deployment
5
The Rise of CAT-1/eMTC, Sunset of 3G
6 6 Huawei Confidential
The Rise of NB-IoT, Sunset of 2G
7 7 Huawei Confidential
NB-IoT / eMTC are Future Oriented LPWA Technologies
8
Standardization of NB-IoT/eMTC Completed
9
Huawei NB-IoT Chipset Roadmap
10
Contents
11
Cellular IoT Architecture
IoT
Applications
Intelligent Intelligent Intelligent
Telemetric Smart Metering LTE-VDC Supply Chain Production Line Artificial aid
EPC
IoT Core Option 1 (Software Upgrade) New EPC Option 2
12
CIoT12.1 Main Features Overview
Solution Feature Description Benefits UE chipset Release
2016Q3
NB-IoT Coverage Extension 20 dB higher coverage than LTE & GSM. Commercial
eMTC Solution
Power Saving on eMTC 10 years long lifetime for device battery 2016Q4 Commercial
13
Huawei CIoT Roadmap
NB-IoT CIoT12.0
End of Sep End of Dec
For trial GA
CIoT12.1
End of Dec 2016 2017 Q2 GA
for trial
eMTC CIoT12.1
End of Dec 2016 2017 Q2 GA
for trial
14
Huawei CIoT Software Roadmap
CIoT12.0 CIoT12.1 CIoT13.x
15
Architecture for NB-IoT
C-SGN is a new logical entity and can be implemented
Application
Platform to support only the necessary functionality required for
CIoT use cases From 3GPP TR 23.720
MME/SGSN
Serving GW
PGW/GGSN
IOT Platform
HSS/PCRF
G/U/L/NB-IoT BTS
Page16
NB-IoT: Flexible Deployment with Small Licensed Spectrum
UMTS/LTE
180k 180k
LTE LTE
180k 180k
GSM
180k
17
NB-IoT: Flexible Deployment
G+NB IoT U+NB IoT LTE Guard-band: LTE In-band:
NB IoT 200KHz NB IoT NB IoT
200KHz 180KHz
Guard NB Interference
GSM UMTS
Band IoT LTE Guard Band
3.8M Emission
4.2M Mask Req
5M 500K
LTE
2.6M LTE 10M(Sharp RF Filter)
Guard Band
Scenario
(1:1 Co-Site)
G+NB IoT 100K
0K
U+NB IoT
(Central Frequency Gap:2.6M)
LTE Guard-band To Spectrum Edge(Emission Mask Requirement): 100K
(LTE 10M Guard band) To Neighbor RB(Interference Requirement): 200K
LTE In-band
0 K(Occupied 1 RB from LTE)
(LTE Bandwidth≥5M)
Page18
For uplink data transmission, an eNodeB can allocate multiple subcarriers at a time to a multi-tone-capable UE to increase the single-UE peak uplink data rate.
3.75KHz ST
f f f
Page19
Throughput: Single-Tone & Multi-Tone
NB-IoT PUSCH option:
• Single-tone :UE uplink only support one 15kHz/3.75kHz channel at the same time, both
15KHz and 3.75KHz should be supported for Single-Tone UE
• Better coverage, capacity, and lower complexity
• Multi-tone :UE uplink could only support combination of multiple 15kHz channel
• Better throughput and battery life time in good coverage
3.75KHz
Complexity Throughput
Coverage 15KHz
N *15KHz
….
f f f
Up to 9dB DL Gain
Up to 17dB Up to 12dB UL Gain
(DL 8 Times and UL
16 Times Repetition)
180 KHz 3.75 KHz
21
Power Saving: PSM
Paging
UE Power
PSM
Up to 310hours Time
active timer Idle State
22
Power Saving: eDRX
Time
DRX DRX Cycle: 1.28s eDRX
PTW: Paging Transmission Window
SRAN12.0 SRAN12.1
24
eMTC: Deep Coverage and Power Saving for Vertical Industry
15dB more gain can be got with large number In the idle state, the paging cycle is extended from 2.56s
of repetition. to the maximum of 43.69 mins
25
eRAN12.1 - CIoT
Agenda CIoT General Overview
2.2
MLOFD-120201 NB-IoT Coverage Extension Maintained
MLOFD-120230 Multi-tone New
MLOFD-120220 Idle Mode eDRX Maintained
15 kHz (High rates; small delay; PUSCH) reserved on each side, and therefore the actual bandwidth is
• Two transmission modes 180 kHz. Occupies a bandwidth of 180 kHz in LTE in-band
Single-tone (One UE uses one carrier for low-speed transmission) deployment, that is, occupies an RB)
Multi-tone (One UE occupies multiple carriers for high-speed Subcarrier spacing: 15 kHz
• In-band Deployment:
• One RB will be used for NB-IoT. In-band NB-IoT
will be compatible with LTE by “Puncture” NB-IoT
180K
• NB-IoT Uplink PRB index:
• As all potential NB-IoT in-band uplink PRB
collides with LTE PRACH,LTE PUCCH ,eMTC
PRACH,eMTC PUCCH or SRS, we suggest
LTE 10M system bandwidth
the system edge of PRB to decrease the
• NB-IoT Downlink PRB index
capacity loss (maximum continuous PUSCH
Bandwidth NB-IoT downlink available PRB eMTC coexist,NB-IoT
PRB) of LTE and PUCCH will automatically avail PRB
move forward one PRB. 10MHz 4,9,14,19,30,35,40,45 19,30
HISILICONTECHNOLOGIES
HUAWEI SEMICONDUCTOR
CO., LTD. Page 29
NB-IoT frequency planning: In-band Mode
LTE DC subcarrier
LTE PRB #0
NB-IoT
NB-IoT
LTE Guard-band LTE Guard-band LTE Guard-band LTE Guard-band
10MHz LTE 10MHz LTE
Uplink Downlink
NB-IoT Uplink PRB index: PRB #0 NB-IoT Downlink PRB index: PRB #19,#30
LTE PUCCH available LTE PRACH available NB-IoT PRB indices Middle 6 PRBs used eMTC SIB1 NB-IoT
LTE system Cell SRS available LTE system
PRB indices(Normal available PRB limited by the 100kHz channel by the LTE frequency hopping downlink PRB
bandwidth PRB indices bandwidth
CP) indices raster PBCH/PSS/SSS range indices
As all potential NB-IoT in-band uplink PRB collides with LTE PUCCH or NB-IoT Downlink interference to LTE downlink
SRS, we suggest PRB #0 to decrease the capacity loss(maximum As NB-IoT 15kHz downlink subcarrier orthogonalize with LTE
continuous PUSCH PRB) of LTE and PUCCH will automatically move 15kHz downlink subcarrier, there is no interference.
forward one PRB.
10M 2% 6% 2% 4%
If there are multiple online UEs in the LTE cell, the average uplink and downlink experienced
rates are affected each time after an RB is reserved.
LTE Bandwidth Single UE Experienced Rate Loss
10M 8%~20%
2.2
MLOFD-120201 NB-IoT Coverage Extension Maintained
MLOFD-120230 Multi-tone New
MLOFD-120220 Idle Mode eDRX Maintained
2.2
MLOFD-120201 NB-IoT Coverage Extension Maintained
MLOFD-120230 Multi-tone New
MLOFD-120220 Idle Mode eDRX Maintained
15KHz ST
N *15KHz MT
….
f f
• For uplink data transmission, an eNodeB can allocate multiple subcarriers at a time to a
multi-tone-capable UE to increase the single-UE peak uplink data rate.
• Benefits: In areas with favorable coverage, multi-tone transmission increases data rates
and reduces the transmission delay and power consumption for uplink data transmission.
15KHz ST
N *15KHz MT
….
f f
• For uplink data transmission, an eNodeB can allocate multiple subcarriers at a time to a
multi-tone-capable UE to increase the single-UE peak uplink data rate.
• Benefits: In areas with favorable coverage, multi-tone transmission increases data rates
and reduces the transmission delay and power consumption for uplink data transmission.
• 3GPP specifications stipulate that NB-IoT should support single-tone and multi-tone
transmission in the uplink.
• There are three types of multi-tone transmission: 3-tone, 6-tone, and 12-tone, which mean
an eNodeB can allocate 3, 6, or 12 subcarriers (15 kHz each), respectively, at a time for
uplink data transmission.
• The eNodeB flexibly schedules multi-tone-capable UEs to reduce the data transmission
delay and UE power consumption.
2.2
MLOFD-120201 NB-IoT Coverage Extension Maintained
MLOFD-120230 Multi-tone New
MLOFD-120220 Idle Mode eDRX Maintained
• In the idle state, the paging cycle is extended from 10.24s to the maximum of 2.92h
• In each paging timing window, a number of paging opportunities are kept to ensure the
success rate of paging.
• MME determine the eDRX cycle and PTW length according to UE service type(APN)
• In traditional power saving mode (PSM, EPC feature), however, the UE cannot receive
MT services unless it proactively accesses the network.
• It will take a long time generally for a UE to proactively access the network,
depending on the mobile-originated (MO) data reporting period and tracking area update
(TAU) period.
• Therefore, Idle Mode eDRX is suitable for machine-to-machine (M2M) services that
require short delays for downlink MT services (for example, tracking the locations of
children and elderly people).
• As idle mode eDRX adopts long paging cycles, UEs can stay in deep sleep state for a long
period to save UE power.
Negative Impacts
• In SRAN12.0 the eNodeB had to be equipped for time synchronization with GPS, BeiDou,
IEEE 1588V2, GLONASS, or 1PPS+TOD clock
license MLOFD-120220 Idle Mode eDRX Idle Mode eDRX (NB-IoT) eNodeB Per cell
Required information
• Number of UEs that support this feature, and capability of the MME to support this feature
• eDRX start time (HSFN 0) configured on the MME, which is set as the GPS start time
Feature activation
• Set [MO] CellAlgoSwitch[/MO][Para] NbCellAlgoSwitch[/Para][bitmap] IDLE_EDRX_SWITCH :1[/bitmap]
Feature deactivation
• Set [MO] CellAlgoSwitch[/MO][Para] NbCellAlgoSwitch[/Para][bitmap] IDLE_EDRX_SWITCH :0[/bitmap]
› After this feature is activated, on the IoT of Metrics (IoM) platform, query the power consumption reported by
UEs that support this feature to see whether UE power consumption is reduced significantly when other
conditions remain unchanged.
Performance monitoring
Use the following counters to monitor the delivery of paging messages.
1526744690 L.NB.Paging.UU.Att Number of UEs paged over the Uu interface in an NB-IoT cell
www.huawei.com
MME/SGSN
Serving GW
PGW/GGSN
IOT Platform Application
G/U/L(eMTC) BTS Platform
HSS/PCRF
SNR Gain(dB)
› UE with low SINR: large number of 15
Theoretical simulation data, not
repetitions
10 product capacity
5
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
number of repetition
Rel-13
eMTC
HD-FDD (optional)
1ms switching time Receive
2 1 1
antennas
Bandwidth reduction
1.4MHz RF & BB Support(optiona Support(optiona
bandwidth l) l)
HD-FDD Support(optional)
UL Tx power reduction 1ms swiching 1ms swiching
(optional) time time
23dBm->20dBm
UL max Tx 20(optional)
23 dBm 23 dBm
power dBm
Cost 100% 50% 25%
• In the idle state, the paging cycle is extended from 2.56s to the maximum of 43.69 mins
• In each paging timing window, a number of paging opportunities are kept to ensure the success
rate of paging.
• MME may determine the eDRX cycle and PTW length according to UE service type(APN), or IMSI
segment.
Activate Feature
Turn on eMTC Switch
Deactivate Feature
Turn off eMTC Switch
• Activate Feature
Turn on eDRX Switch
Set [MO] CellEmtcAlgo[/MO][Para] EmtcAlgoSwitch[/Para][bitmap]IDLE_EDRX_SWITCH:1[/bitmap]
Deactivate Feature
Turn off eDRX Switch
Set [MO] CellEmtcAlgo[/MO][Para] EmtcAlgoSwitch[/Para][bitmap]IDLE_EDRX_SWITCH:0[/bitmap]
• eMTC Introduction
• Power Saving on eMTC
1. Overview
2. Principles/Mechanism
3. Network Impact
4. Engineering Guidelines
5. Activation Observation and Verification
6. Reference Documents
eRAN12.1 eMTC
•Cat M1 UE access and data transmission
•Coverage enhancement
•eDRX in Idle Mode
•EAB access control
•Congestion control on delay-tolerant RRC connection
Benefits:
Scenarios:
eMTC is applicable to services, such as wearables' child/VIP tracking, health monitoring, vehicle guards, smart
logistics, smart elevators, and electronic billboards.
1. Overview
2. Principles/Mechanism
3. Network Impact
4. Engineering Guidelines
5. Activation Observation and Verification
6. Reference Documents
Cat M1 UE
Single antenna 10296 (unicast) 1000 (unicast)
Max. DL TBS 1000
(eMTC)
2216 (broadcast) 2216 (broadcast)
HD-FDD (optional)
Cat 0 UE
1 ms switching interval
(MTC)
Number of Antennas 2 1 1
Note: LTE UEs used for IoT services include the lowest-cost Cat 1 UE
introduced in Release 8, Cat 0 UE (no manufacturer has developed this type Maximum UL Transmit
23 dBm 23 dBm 20 dBm (optional)
of UE) introduced in Release 12, Cat M1 UE (Qualcomm and Altair developed Power
commercial chips in 2016 Q4, HiSilicon has not) introduced in Release 13.
Costs 100% 50% 25%
Note: The eMTC feature can now be deployed on the eNodeB only when the LTE bandwidth is 5 MHz or larger.
CE Mode A CE Mode B
• eMTC does not share PRACH resources with LTE and support CMD, FMD, and TMD. Huawei products use the TMD mode.
• eMTC does not share PUCCH resources with LTE. The PUCCH of eMTC supports cross-subframe frequency hopping rather than intra-subframe
frequency hopping.
• eMTC does not share PUSCH resources with LTE.
RB resources
reserved for LTE Case 2: When eMTC load is high but LTE load is low, eMTC UEs can occupy most
UEs bandwidth.
All system bandwidth occupied by LTE UEs Case 3: When LTE load is high but eMTC load is low, LTE UEs can occupy all the
bandwidth.
LTE PRB resources eMTC PRB resources
5 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz 20 MHz
Number of system NBs 4 8 12 16
Maximum number of NBs that eMTC UEs can use 2 6 10 14
• Division of coverage levels: Coverage enhancement can be divided into different coverage levels based on different repetition times and modulation modes,
to balance capacity and coverage.
• In good-coverage areas, UE transmit power can be reduced, and the number of uplink/downlink data transmission repetitions can be reduced to the
minimum, even to 0.
• In poor-coverage areas, UT transmit power needs to be increased, and multiple uplink/downlink data transmission repetitions are required to ensure that
coverage requirements can be met.
1
CE Level 0 (LTE coverage area) CE Level 1 (LTE + 5 dB) CE Level 2 (LTE + 10 dB) CE Level 3 (LTE + 15 dB)
1. Overview
2. Principles/Mechanism
3. Network Impact
4. Engineering Guidelines
5. Activation Observation and Verification
6. Reference Documents
1. Overview
2. Principles/Mechanism
3. Network Impact
4. Engineering Guidelines
5. Activation Observation and Verification
6. Reference Documents
When to Use
› Deploy this feature when the operator wishes to offer eMTC services. The system bandwidth of LTE cells must be higher than
or equal to 5 MHz.
• Required Information
› None
Feature Activation
› Run the MOD CELLEMTCALGO command with EMTC_SWITCH(EmtcSwt) selected for the eMTC Algorithm Switch
parameter.
• Feature Deactivation
› Run the MOD CELLEMTCALGO command with EMTC_SWITCH(EmtcSwt) deselected for the eMTC Algorithm Switch
parameter.
1. Overview
2. Principles/Mechanism
3. Network Impact
4. Engineering Guidelines
5. Activation Observation and Verification
6. Reference Documents
› After you activate this feature, create a Uu-interface tracing task, and check whether MIB carries the "schedulinginfoSIB1-BR" field. If
MIB carries "schedulinginfoSIB1-BR" and the field value is not 0, this feature is enabled successfully.
1. Overview
2. Principles/Mechanism
3. Network Impact
4. Engineering Guidelines
5. Activation Observation and Verification
6. Reference Documents
Benefits: Compared with the traditional paging DRX function, this feature prolongs the UE sleep period and reduces power consumption.
Application scenarios:
IoT application scenarios where the operator wishes to reduce power consumption, for example, Smart Meter, sewer monitoring, care of the old and kids.
1. Overview
2. Principles/Mechanism
3. Network Impact
4. Engineering Guidelines
5. Activation Observation and Verification
6. Reference Documents
The paging time window (PTW) length is an integer multiple of 1.28s, and its
maximum length is 20.48s (16 x 1.28s). The eNodeB calculates the PTW start
and end positions based the eDRX cycle (TeDRX, H) and PTW length.
UE_ID_H indicates the HASH ID calculated using an S-TMSI and the CRC-32
algorithm. eDRX supports S-TMSI-based paging instead of IMSI-based
paging.
1. Overview
2. Principles/Mechanism
3. Network Impact
4. Engineering Guidelines
5. Activation Observation and Verification
6. Reference Documents
1. Overview
2. Principles/Mechanism
3. Network Impact
4. Engineering Guidelines
5. Activation Observation and Verification
6. Reference Documents
Hardware/NE/Transmission Dependency
› The UE supports the eDRX in Idle Mode feature.
› The MME supports the eDRX in Idle Mode feature, the GPS time-scale, and can configure the eDRX start time as the GPS start
time.
› Time synchronization equipment (GPS, BeiDou, 1588v2, 1588v2atr, or GLONASS) must be deployed on the eNodeB.
MLOFD-121282 Power Saving on eMTC Power Saving on eMTC(FDD) eNodeB per cell
• Required Information
› Collect the number of eDRX UEs in the target area and the eDRX supporting capability of the MME, then decide whether to
deploy this feature.
› Collect the eDRX start time (H-SFN = 0) configured by the MME. Check whether the time is consistent with the eDRX H-SFN
start time configured by the eNodeB.
Feature Activation
› Run the MOD CELLEMTCALGO command with IDLE_EDRX_SWITCH(IdleEdrxSwt) selected for the eMTC Algorithm Switch
parameter.
• Feature Deactivation
› Run the MOD CELLEMTCALGO command with IDLE_EDRX_SWITCH(IdleEdrxSwt) deselected for the eMTC Algorithm
Switch parameter.
1. Overview
2. Principles/Mechanism
3. Network Impact
4. Engineering Guidelines
5. Activation Observation and Verification
6. Reference Documents
• Troubleshooting
› If a time synchronization-related alarm is reported, time synchronization fails. For details, see section "Troubleshooting" in
Synchronization Feature Parameter Description.
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