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Sample/practice exam 2012, questions - Assessment Test 1

Tecnología de materiales (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid)

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Example questions for the Assessment Test 1

Basic concepts. Bonding

1. Which of the following classes of materials does NOT belong to the main classes/families of
materials
a. Metals
b. Oxides
c. Ceramics
d. Polymers
2. Which one of the following statements is TRUE
a. Processing of materials is related to the procedures of preparation of the materials
from raw chemical components
b. Magnetic materials are one of the main classes of materials
c. Microstructure of the material significantly influences its properties
d. Selection of the materials is a one step process that considers a cost of
manufacturing as exclusive parameter
3. Which one of the following statements in FALSE
a. Composite materials are artificial materials produced by mixing of two (or more)
components with different properties
b. Functional classification of materials is a classification according to the specific
application of the material
c. Specific properties of metals such as electric conductivity or luster are a consequence
of a large number of delocalized electrons in their crystals.
d. Materials with covalent molecular bonding are generally harder that the materials
with covalent atomic bonds
4. Which one of the following statements is TRUE for the materials with ionic bonding:
a. As size of ions participating in the bond increases, the lattice energy increases.
b. The melting temperature decreases, as the valance of the ions increases.
c. With a decrease in the electronegativity difference of the ions, the percentage of
ionic character of the bond increases.
d. As the lattice energy increases, the melting point of the material increases.
5. Two different elements are required to produce (select one correct answer)
a. Metallic bonding
b. Covalent bond
c. Ionic bond
d. Van der Waals bond
6. Because of the type of atomic bonding, ceramic materials usually (select one correct answer)
a. Exhibit good electric conductivity and are brittle
b. Exhibit good electric conductivity and are ductile
c. Exhibit poor electric conductivity and are ductile
d. Exhibit poor electric conductivity and are brittle
7. Because of the type of atomic bonding, metal materials usually (select one correct answer)

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a. Exhibit good electric conductivity and are brittle

b. Exhibit good electric conductivity and are ductile
c. Exhibit poor electric conductivity and are ductile
8. A compound is more likely to be bonded with ionic bond if (select one correct answer)
a. The atoms in the material have the same valance
b. The atoms in the material have very different electronegativities
c. All of the atoms in the material are of the same element
d. Its ionization energy is twice larger than the thermal energy of the active electron
9. Which one the following statements is TRUE
a. Ionic bonds are formed because of electrostatic forces between ions
b. Metallic bond is formed along a single direction
c. Covalent bond between two same elements exhibits high ionic character
d. Monomers in polymers are bound by ionic bonds
10. Which of the following statements is FALSE
a. Ionic bonds are formed because of electrostatic forces between ions
b. Metallic bond is formed along a single direction
c. The force between atoms that form covalent bond can be explained by quantum
mechanical approach using exchange interaction
d. Monomers in polymers are bound by covalent bonds

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Crystalline structures

1. The number of atoms in a face centered cubic lattice is (select one correct answer)
a. 1
b. 13
c. 4
d. 2
2. The number of atoms in a base centered cubic lattice is (select one correct answer)
a. 1
b. 13
c. 4
d. 2
3. Octahedral interstitial atoms are coordinated by (select one correct answer)
a. 3 lattice atoms
b. 4 lattice atoms
c. 6 lattice atoms
d. 8 lattice atoms
4. Tetrahedral interstitial atoms are coordinated by (select one correct answer)
a. 3 lattice atoms
b. 4 lattice atoms
c. 6 lattice atoms
d. 8 lattice atoms
5. Which one of the following statements is TRUE
a. Crystallization of polymers is associated with the partial alignment of molecular
chains
b. There are countless number of different crystal structures and each element and
compound has its unique Bravais lattice
c. Hexagonal closed packed lattice is indeed a different Bravias lattice but it was
unjustly left out of the lattice systems due to political reasons.
d. The octahedral interstitial points in NaCl FCC structure are vacant.
6. Which one of the following statement is FALSE
a. Close packed direction in FCC lattice belongs to <110> family
b. ZnS crystal structure has S ions in lattice points and Zn ions in one half of the
tetrahedral interstitial sites
c. Packing of atoms in HCP lattice is much larger than in FCC
d. In ionic solids, the type of crystalline structure that material forms depends on
the ratio between the radii of the cation and the anion.
7. The radius of an atom that is present in a BCC unit cell having a lattice parameter a is
(select one correct answer):
a. a
b. a√2/4
c. 2a/√3
d. a√3/4
8. The atomic direction shown in the figure is (select one correct answer):

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a. (1 1 0)
b. [1 1 0]
c. (1, 1, 0)
d. [1, 1, 0]
9. The atomic plane shown in the figure is (select one correct answer):
a. (1 1 0)
b. [1 1 0]
c. (1, 1, 0)
d. [1, 1, 0]
10. The interplanar spacing between two (1 1 0) planes in a FCC with lattice parameter a is
(select one correct answer):
a. a
b. a/√2
c. 2/√3
d. a/√3

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Defects. Diffusion

1. Which one of the following statements is TRUE

a. There is a highly sophisticated installation in Japan that can produce ideal
crystals stable at high temperatures
b. Dopants are elements that are deliberately added, in known concentrations, at
specific locations in the microstructure
c. With an increase in temperature atoms in BCC lattices have an tendency of
rearranging themselves in way that the number of vacancies decreases
d. Each crystalline solid has its one unique type of defects
2. With an increase in temperature of a material, we would NOT expect (select one correct
answer):
a. The number of vacancies to increase
b. The number of Frenkel defects to increase
c. Then number of interstitial defects to increase
d. The number of Schottky defects to increase
3. Liner defect that can be illustrated as if an extra plane of atoms is introduced in the
lattice is called (select one correct answer)::
a. Vacancy
b. Interstitial
c. Edge dislocation
d. Screw dislocation
4. The Burgers vector in FCC metals is parallel to a close packed direction that belongs to a
family of directions (select one correct answer):
a. <100>
b. <110>
c. <111>
d. <0001>
5. For edge dislocation, Burgers vector is (select one correct answer):
a. Parallel to slip direction
b. Parallel to dislocation plane
c. Perpendicular to slip direction
d. Parallel to the principal symmetry axis.
6. Substitutional atoms, such as nickel in a copper matrix, generally diffuse by (select one
correct answer):
a. Heterogeneous diffusion
b. Interstitial diffusion
c. Self-diffusion
d. All of the mechanism mentioned above
7. Which one of the following statements is FALSE
a. Interstitial diffusion usually needs less energy than the vacancy diffusion since
the interstitial atoms are, in principle, smaller
b. Diffusion rate is faster in BCC than in FCC lattice

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c. There is no correlation between the melting temperature of the metal solid and
its activation energy for self-diffusion
d. Vacancies are necessary for the diffusion process via self-diffusion mechanism
8. If the concentration of diffusing atoms in the matrix does not change in time, then (select
one correct answer):
a. Flux of diffusing atom in an arbitrary direction is time-dependent
b. Diffusivity is temperature-independent
c. Diffusion process can be described by Fick’s 1st law for steady state diffusion
d. Diffusing atoms interact with each other
9. Which one of the following statements is TRUE
a. Diffusion rate for any type of diffusion is larger on grain boundaries than in the
ordinary crystal structure
b. Carbon diffuses faster in FCC iron than in BCC iron
c. The concentration of vacancies does not affect the diffusion process
d. Diffusivity decreases with an increase in temperature
10. The concentration of solute atoms that diffuse through a material in non-steady state
conditions (select one correct answer):
a. is the same at any part of the material
b. decreases as the distance from the surface of the material increases
c. does not change in time
d. all of the above

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Phase diagrams. Fe-C systems

1. Binary systems are systems in which one can distinguish (select one correct answer):
a. Changes in color with the change in temperature
b. Two different components
c. An in invariant reaction between components
d. 3 separate regions on the phase diagram
2. Liquidus line in phase diagrams of binary systems is composition-temperature curve that
separates (select one correct answer):
a. Regions of two solid phases
b. Regions of two liquid phases
c. Regions of liquid phase and a mixture of liquid + solid phase
d. Regions of solid phase and a mixture of liquid + solid phase
3. Eutectic composition is (select one correct answer):
a. The composition of a binary system for which the melting/freezing temperature
of the system is lower than for any other composition with the same
components including pure phases.
b. The composition at which the weight fractions of all solid microconstituents are
the same
c. The composition for which one component is not soluble in the other one
d. The composition for which the fraction of one solid phase is equal to the fraction
of the solid solution of two components.
4. Eutectoid reaction is (L,L1,L2 – liquid phases; ,, – solid phases, select one correct
answer):
a. L1→L2+
b. +L→
c. →
d. L→
5. Two points labeled T and P (see figure) on phase diagram of
a binary isomorphous system represent two different
composition of the system on the same temperature. In
which of these points is the fraction of a solid phase higher?
(select one correct answer)
a. There is no solid phase in both T and P since this
region of the diagram does not contain solid phases.
b. In point T
c. In point P
d. The fraction is the same in both T and P
6. Which one of the following statements is TRUE
a. Hypoeutectic steels are steels formed if the composition of carbon is below
eutectoid composition and contain only one component which is cementite
b. Hypereutectic steels are steels formed if the composition of carbon is below
eutectoid composition and contain only one component which is austenite

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c. Hypoeutectic steels are steels formed if the composition of carbon is below

eutectoid composition and contain two components pearlite and proeutectoid
-ferrite
d. Hypoeutectic steels are steels formed if the composition of carbon is above
eutectoid composition and contain two components pearlite and proeutectoid
-ferrite
7. Which one of the following statements is TRUE
a. Pearlite is the eutectic microconstituent that contains cementite and austenite.
b. Ledeburite is poisonous to Superman and his family
c. Austenite is a solid solution of Fe-C with a BCC structure.
d. Cementite is iron carbide Fe3C.
8. In the iron-carbon phase diagram, the eutectoid reaction is (select one correct answer):
a. -Ferrite → austenite + cementite
b. Liquid → austenite + cementite
c. Austenite → -ferrite + cementite
d. Austenite →- ferrite + pearlite
9. A steel containing a mixture of proeutectoid cementite and pearlite is (select one correct
answer):
a. hypereutectoid steel.
b. hypoeutectoid steel.
c. hypereutectic steel.
d. hypoeutectic steel.
10. The lamellar two-phase microconstituent of -ferrite and Fe3C produced by eutectoid
reaction is called (select one correct answer):
a. Primary microconstituent
b. Austenite
c. Pearlite
d. Kryptonite

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