Tedi Atmapradhana (M16UC511)

1.Introduction
 At the beginning, to make a spatial data human must
collect data in the field.
 Drone or Unmaned Aerial Vehicle is one of the media for
the purposes of mapping or investigating in accessible
area unlike traditional survey.
 In addition to saving time, cost, and energy also reduce
the risk of fatality when mapping on dangerous area.
 Along with the development of UAV technology on
spatial data collection, also developed processing
technology, such as Agisoft and Pix4D.
Objective
 Compare the geometric accuracy of the with two
different major software solutions:
+ PhotoScan Pro 1.3.1
+ PIX4D Mapper 3.1.23.

 Evaluate the accuracy of the DSM generated from

both major software
 2.Methodology
2.1 Study Area

Tezukayama Gakuin
University
 2.2.1 Data
- Collect using Trimble Quadcopter UAV
flight developed by Trimble Company
+ use SONYα7RII digital camera
+ focal length of 35 mm
Trimble Quadcopter UAV
+ 11 ground control points
+ 204 images from 75 m height capture
+ 229 images from 100 m height capture

- Date: 13 November 2016

SONYα7RII digital camera
 2.2.2 Software
Process aerial photo using:

Pix4D:
+ Switzerland software product
+ Process aerial photo to transform into 3D
maps and models

Agisoft PhotoScan:
+ Russia stand-alone software product
+ Perform photogrammetric processing of
digital images and generate 3D spatial data
Ground Control Point
Use 2 kind of standard size boards control point

53.5 × 53.5 cm 44.0 × 44.0 cm

Ground Control Point position
installed on field
 Ground Control Points
- For calculation process of georeference orthophoto and the DSM
- Using Real Time Kinematic GPS System with ±1cm accuracy level

Latitude Longitude Height X Y

Point Name (in degree) ( in degree) (in meter) (in meter) (in meter)

GCP1 34.491664 135.545264 135.105 550062.24 3816807.79

GCP2 34.491400 135.545121 135.173 550049.32 3816778.45
GCP3 34.490961 135.545069 129.190 550044.81 3816729.74
GCP4 34.491585 135.545981 121.097 550128.16 3816799.39
GCP5 34.491051 135.546168 123.755 550145.60 3816740.27
GCP6 34.490811 135.546179 119.853 550146.77 3816713.66
GCP7 34.491373 135.545628 120.851 550095.90 3816775.71
GCP #1 34.491667 135.545727 135.139 550104.80 3816808.36
GCP #2 34.491411 135.545453 135.847 550079.79 3816779.83
GCP #3 34.491072 135.545659 120.985 550098.88 3816742.34
GCP #4 34.491326 135.545880 121.269 550119.06 3816770.62

# = Testing name points

From the results of aerial photography in the field produces 204
images from 75 m height capture and 229 images from 100 m
height capture.
 2.2.2 Software
Process aerial photo using:

Pix4D:
+ Switzerland software product
+ Process aerial photo to transform into 3D
maps and models

Agisoft PhotoScan:
+ Russia stand-alone software product
+ Perform photogrammetric processing of
digital images and generate 3D spatial data
Flowchart
reconstruction aerial photo using Photoscan

reconstruction aerial photo using Pix4D

 Result and Discussion
Error comparison from 75 m height associated with GCP during georeferencing.
75m Photoscan 75m Pix4D
Point X Error Y Error Z Error Point X Error Y Error Z Error
Name (m) (m) (m) Name (m) (m) (m)
GCP1 -0.167 0.172 0.017 GCP1 0.152 -0.139 -0.070
GCP2 -0.166 0.090 0.307 GCP2 0.152 -0.114 -0.351
GCP3 0.073 0.020 0.000 GCP3 -0.040 -0.132 0.034
GCP4 -0.016 -0.314 -0.239 GCP4 0.016 0.283 0.276
GCP5 0.170 0.110 -0.676 GCP5 -0.122 0.031 1.205
GCP6 -0.240 0.090 0.229 GCP6 0.073 -0.135 -0.718
GCP7 0.160 -0.125 0.062 GCP7 -0.150 0.123 0.073
GCP#1 -0.040 0.236 0.736 GCP#1 0.171 -0.205 -0.801
GCP#2 0.150 -0.220 -1.151 GCP#2 -0.129 0.210 1.258
GCP#3 0.050 -0.080 0.400 GCP#3 -0.121 -0.002 -0.414
GCP#4 0.010 -0.089 0.281 GCP#4 -0.031 0.113 -0.484
RMSE 0.135 0.163 0.502 RMSE 0.118 0.155 0.661
 Error comparison from 100 m height associated with GCP during georeferencing.

100m Photoscan 100m Pix4D

Point X Error Y Error Z Error Point X Error Y Error Z Error
Name (m) (m) (m) Name (m) (m) (m)
GCP1 -0.204 0.172 0.017 GCP1 0.152 -0.140 -0.077
GCP2 -0.126 0.090 0.307 GCP2 0.154 -0.133 -0.371
GCP3 0.068 0.020 0.000 GCP3 -0.060 -0.135 0.082
GCP4 0.003 -0.314 -0.239 GCP4 0.035 0.251 0.168
GCP5 0.190 0.110 -0.676 GCP5 -0.157 0.003 1.309
GCP6 -0.145 0.090 0.229 GCP6 0.086 -0.144 -1.052
GCP7 0.221 -0.125 0.062 GCP7 -0.140 0.115 0.138
GCP#1 -0.169 0.236 0.736 GCP#1 0.195 -0.095 -0.902
GCP#2 0.015 -0.220 -1.151 GCP#2 -0.115 0.151 0.924
GCP#3 0.131 -0.080 0.400 GCP#3 -0.100 -0.010 -0.390
GCP#4 0.110 -0.089 0.281 GCP#4 -0.046 0.113 -0.413
RMSE 0.143 0.163 0.502 RMSE 0.123 0.134 0.675
Comparison of Elevation of GCP with elevation from DSM from 75
m height.

75m Elevation (m) Elevation Difference (m)

Point Name Original (O) DSM Photoscan (a) DSM Pix4d (b) O-a O-b
GCP1 135.105 135.122 135.174 -0.017 -0.069
GCP2 135.173 135.480 135.524 -0.307 -0.351
GCP3 129.19 129.190 129.155 0.000 0.035
GCP4 121.097 120.857 120.821 0.240 0.276
GCP5 123.755 123.078 122.550 0.677 1.205
GCP6 119.853 120.082 120.571 -0.229 -0.718
GCP7 120.851 120.913 120.778 -0.062 0.073
GCP#1 135.139 135.875 135.940 -0.736 -0.801
GCP#2 135.847 134.695 134.589 1.152 1.258
GCP#3 120.985 121.385 121.399 -0.400 -0.414
GCP#4 121.269 121.550 121.753 -0.281 -0.484
RMSE 0.502 0.661
Comparison of Elevation of GCP with elevation from DSM from 100
m height.

100m Elevation (m) Elevation Difference (m)

Point Name Original (O) DSM Photoscan (a) DSM Pix4d (b) O-a O-b
GCP1 135.105 135.090 135.181 0.015 -0.076
GCP2 135.173 135.346 135.543 -0.173 -0.370
GCP3 129.19 129.291 129.108 -0.101 0.082
GCP4 121.097 121.054 120.928 0.043 0.169
GCP5 123.755 122.999 122.445 0.756 1.310
GCP6 119.853 121.052 120.905 -1.199 -1.052
GCP7 120.851 120.776 120.712 0.075 0.139
GCP#1 135.139 135.773 136.040 -0.634 -0.901
GCP#2 135.847 135.100 134.923 0.747 0.924
GCP#3 120.985 121.219 121.375 -0.234 -0.390
GCP#4 121.269 121.608 121.681 -0.339 -0.412
RMSE 0.538 0.675
75 m Photoscan PIX4D
3D Model

Orthophoto

Digital Surface Model

100m Photoscan PIX4D
3D Model

Orthophoto

Digital Surface Model

Conclusion
 On a relatively flat area, Pix4D has good accuracy in longitude and
latitude but not in altitude, because Photoscan is still better in altitude,
in the as we can see in the table below..
RMS Error (m) RMS Error
75m 100m
X Y Z X Y Z
Pix4D 0.118 0.155 0.661 Pix4D 0.123 0.134 0.675
Photoscan 0.135 0.163 0.502 Photoscan 0.143 0.181 0.538

 Both software produce DSM and Orthophoto with good high resolution.

Future Plan
• Doing experiments in different places.
• Comparing the corectness with the previous experiment
• Increase the number of GCP to increase level of precision.
• Making Orthophoto Map and Digital Elevation Map study area.
 Work done and schedule
Time Jun – Jul Aug – Oct Nov– Dec Jan – Feb
2017 2017 2017 2018

Target Conducting Evaluation of Evaluation of Prepare for

experiments on accuracy of Ortho accuracy of DEM thesis and
the field imagery defense
References
 V. Jonas, R. Simon, S. Klaus, C. Hona Fai, C.Venera, G. Alexis and S.
Christoph, “ Photogrametric Accuracy and Modelling of Rolling Shutter
Cameras,” Pix4D SA, EPFL Innovation Park Buildingd, CH-1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland.

 K. Olivier, S. Christoph, F. Pua, G. Daniel, A. Michael, D. Michael, S. Jan,

“Simplified Building Models Extraction from Ultra-Light UAV Imagery,”
EPFL-CVLab, Pix4D LLC, Ascending Technologies GmbH.

 B. Biplov, O. Upendra, P. Uttam, P. Niroj.(2015). Generation of High

Resolution DSM Using UAV Images.

 J. Marion, P.Sophie, B.Rejanne, D. Christophe, G. Philippe and D.

Nicolas.(2016). Assessing the Accuracy of High Resolution Digital Surface
Models Computed by PhotoScan® and MicMac® in Sub-Optimal Survey
COnditions
Thank you for your attention