OptiSLang Inside Workbench 1

© Dynardo GmbH • Confidence by Design • June 20th 2012, Houston
"optiSLang inside ANSYS

Workbench"
– efficient, easy, and safe to use

Robust Design Optimization (RDO)
- Part I: Sensitivity and
Optimization
Johannes Will, CEO Dynardo GmbH
1
Optimization using optiSLang

Extension to ANSYS Design Explorer: DX represent „easy to use“
solution for optimization task‘s having 5..10..15 Variables
- with availability of multi disciplinary parametric modeling

environments like ANSYS workbench optimization task will be
- having much more parameter than 10

- having noisy results and design failure
- having numerous scattering (uncertain) variables
optiSLang becomes interesting.
Agenda
- Sensitivity Analysis for Large Number of Parameters
- Optimization using Meta Model of Optimal Prognosis
- Applications
2
OptiSLang Software
Environment
3
stand alone optiSLang Process Integration

Arbitrary CAE-processes can be integrated with optiSLang. Default
procedure is the introduction of inputs and outputs via ASCII file
parsing. Additionally interfaces to CAE-tools exist.
Available interfaces in
optiSLang
CATIA v5 interface
ANSYS workbench
interface
Excel Plugin
Extraction tool kit
(ABAQUS, LS-DYNA)
Madymo positioner
Connected CAE-Solver: ANSYS, ABAQUS, NASTRAN, LS-DYNA,

PERMAS, Fluent, CFX, Star-CD, MADYMO, Slang, Excel,…
4
Pre and Post Processing
• The Pre Processing

– Open architecture, user friendly
parametrize editor and one klick
solution for ANSYS workbench
support simulation flow setup
• Solving the RDO Task

– Easy and safe to use flows with
robust default settings allows
the engineer to concentrate on
his engineering part and let
optiSLang do the job of finding
the optimal design.
• Post Processing
– The Interactive case sensitive
multi document post processing
offers the important plots as
default
5
optiPlug - ANSYS Workbench optiSLang Interface
OptiSLang-Plugin:
Parameter
Manager just click to integrate
workbench in
optiSLang
Parameter &
Responses
6
optiSLang inside ANSYS Workbench v14

Modules Sensitivity+MOP, Optimization and Robustness+MOP provide
„best practise“ optiSLang functionality
7
optiSLang Philosophie “safe to use”

Safe to use.
 automate best practice to „black box“ flows
 minimize the risk to miss better designs (optimization)
 minimize the risk to estimate misleading measures for robustness,
safety and reliability
 offer easy to use measurements of prognosis quality
That task requires sophisticated technology with carefully balance between

number of solver calls and safety to reach the RDO goal.
Technology takes care that “non expert” can use it!
8
optiSLang inside ANSYS Workbench “Easy to Use”

ANSYS Workbench
easy parametric set up
of complex simulations
Easy to use:
 minimize user input
 offer best practise
defaults for modules
 offer pre defined post
processing modes
User-friendliness takes care

that it will be used!
- intelligent scanning of parameter space and reduction to important

parameter
- generation of Meta model of optimal Prognosis (MOP)
- easy to use optimization and robustness evaluation
9
optiSLang inside ANSYS Workbench

Easy and safe to use!
What do we mean with that?
 “classic” DOE+RSM technology ask user to reduce number of
variables, choose a suitable DOE with a suitable regression function
and check the quality of the resulting response surface (RS) and the
“optima” on the RS.
 optiSLang provides a automatic flow to reduce variables and generate

the best possible response surface for every response with a given
number of solver calls [Meta model of optimal Prognosis (MoP)] and
checks MoP Prognosis quality and “optima” in real space.
10
Sensitivity Analysis
(Design Exploration)
11
• Sensitivity analysis scans the design/random space and measures the
sensitivity of the inputs with statistical measures
• Results of a global sensitivity study are:

– Sensitivities of inputs with respect to important responses
– Estimate the variation of responses
– Estimate the noise of an underlying numerical model
– Better understanding and verification of dependences between
input and response variation
• Requirements for our industrial applications:

– Treatment of a large number of inputs
– Consideration of strongly nonlinear dependencies
– Manageable numerical/experimental effort
12
13
Identifying important parameters
From tornado chart of linear correlations to the dynardo’s

Coefficient of Prognosis (CoP)
Will, J.; Most, T.: Metamodel of optimized Prognosis (MoP) – an automatic approach for user 14
friendly design optimization; Proceedings ANSYS Conference 2009, Leipzig, Germany,
www.dynardo.de
Statistical measurements
Correlation Measurements
• Coefficients of pairwise linear/quadratic
correlation is the simplest correlation
measurement
• Multi-dimensional non-linear correlation can be
detected using advanced meta models
Goodness of fit Measurements

• Goodness of Fit (Coefficient of Determination -
CoD) summarize correlations on the meta
models
To solve the tradeoff between dimensionality and

number of samples optiSLang includes filter
technology to select significant variables
(significance, importance & correlation filter)
15
Limitations of the CoD
• CoD is only based on how good the regression model fits through the
sample points, but not on how good the prediction quality is
• Approximation quality is too optimistic for small number of samples
• For interpolation models (MLS, Neural Networks, Radial basis
functions,..) with perfect fit, CoD is equal to one
16
Dynardo‘s Coefficient of Prognosis (CoP)

• CoP measures the forecast quality
of regression model using an
independend test data set
• Using cross validation and

variance indices result in reliable
measurements of forecast quality
• CoP increases with increasing number of samples

• CoP is suitable for interpolation and regression models
• Prediction quality is better if unimportant variables are removed
from the approximation model
17
Meta model of optimal Prognosis (MoP)

• MoP solve following important tasks
• We reduce the variable space using filter technology= best subspace
• We check multiple non linear correlations by checking multiple
MLS/Polynomial regression = best Meta Model
• We check the forecast (prognosis) quality using a test sample set
= Coefficient of Prognosis (CoP)
• CoP/MoP allows to minimize the number of solver runs

• Final MOP can be used for optimization purpose
18
Sensitivity Module
Minimal required user input:
 Definition of parameter variation
 number of samples (50 ..100, Default sampling method (Advanced
Latin Hypercube Sampling [ALHS])
19
Sensitivity Module
The Meta Model of optimal Prognosis (MOP) is created out of the DOE-
Sampling
Minimal required user input: non
Additional features:
 supports removing designs out of DOE Post Processing
20
Multidisciplinary Optimization
21
Optimization Algorithms
Gradient-based Response surface method Adaptive RSM
Start
Biological Algorithms: Pareto Optimization

- Genetic algorithms,
- Evolutionary strategies
- Particle Swarm Optimization
22
Gradient-based Response surface Natural inspired

algorithms method Optimization
• Most efficient method if • MOP allows a fast • GA/ES/PS copy
gradients are accurate check for design mechanisms of nature to
enough improvement improve individuals
• Consider its restrictions • Adaptive RSM is the • Method of choice for
like local optima, only method of choice for Pareto Optimization Tasks
continuous variables a small set of
• Very robust against
and no solver noise continuous variables
numerical noise, non-
(<15)
linearities, number of
variables,…
Start
23
When to use which algorithm?
When to use which Algorithm

Optimization Sensitivity Analysis
Algorithms: Evolutionary allows best choice!
Algorithm
Gradient- Pareto
Based Which one is the Optimization
Algorithms best?
Adaptive
global
Response
Response
Surface
Surface
24
Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization

1) Start with a sensitivity study using 2) Identify the important parameters
the LHS Sampling and responses
- understand the problem
- reduce the problem
Scan the whole Design Space
Understand the
optiSLang Problem using
CoP/MoP
Search for Optima 3) Use MOP+gradient solver for fast

Design Improvement
4) Run an ARSM, gradient based or biological based optimization Algorithms
25
Optimization using MOP

After sensitivity optimization using
of MOP is supported.
Minimum required user input:

 drop the optimization
module onto MOP
 defining objective and
constraints
“Optima” which are based on

meta models need to be verified!
Proof optima:
 Automatic verification with
real ANSYS call
 Check differences in post
processing
26
Optimization with real design calls

After sensitivity und optimization on MOP the
user can continue with gradient-based, NOA-
based optimization or ARSM optimization.
Minimum required user input:

 define objectives and constraints
 choose method (Gradient-based including
start design, NOA-based including best
designs’s out of sensitivity/MOP, ARSM in
the domain of the most important
optimization parameter)
For all optimizer robust default settings are

provided.
NOA - Nature inspired optimization contains:

evolutionary, genetic, particle swarm optimization
ARSM – Adaptive Response Surface Method
27
Optimization of see hammer

Dynamic performance optimization under weight and stress constraints using
30 CAD-parameter. With the help of sensitivity study and optimization
(ARSM), the performance of a deep sea hammer for different pile diameters
was optimized.
weight=4365 kg weight=5155 kg
Initial Design valid for Optimized design valid for

two pile diameter four pile diameter
Design Evaluations: 200 times 4 loadcase

CAE: ANSYS workbench
CAD: ProEngineer
28
Optimization of a Large Ship Vessel

EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHM
• Optimization of the total weight of
two load cases with constrains
(stresses)
• 30.000 discrete Variables
• Self regulating evolutionary
strategy
• Population of 4, uniform
crossover for reproduction
• Active search for dominant genes
with different
mutation rates
Solver: ANSYS
Design Evaluations: 3000
Design Improvement: > 10 % 0
Riedel, J.: Gewichtsoptimierung eines Passagierschiffes, Bauhaus Universität Weimar, 29

Institutskolloquium, 2000, Germany, www.dynardo.de]
Optimization of a cylinder head
Construction of a Fluent Mesh in Ansys Comparison of Fluent results (red)

parametric cylinder Workbench with real-life flow test =>
head in SolidWorks Satisfying results match
Variation of valve
seat angles and port
geometry to
maximize inlet flow
Use of Evolutionary
algorithm
Inlet flow enhancement of ≈ 6 % by valve seat, ≈ 14 % through

port optimization => Total flow improvement of ≈ 20 %
30
MicroConsult
by courtesy of
Engineering
Parameter Update
and System Identification
31
Calibration using optiSLang

1) Define the Design space using 2)Scan the Design Space
continuous or discrete optimization - Check the variation
variables - Reduce to sensible parameter
- Check forecast quality of
response measurements
- Check parameter bounds
- extract start value
Simulation
Test
optiSLang
Best Fit
3) Find the best possible fit

- choose an optimizer depending on the sensitive
optimization parameter dimension/type
32
Identification of material using Digimat

• Identify ANSYS material values with fitting of experiments
• Fitting of experiments: by using Sensitivity Analysis and optimization
algorithm the material parameter are identified until accuracy is
sufficient
Identify material
• The whole identification just takes about with Digimat
30 minutes!
optiSLang
use Identifies
FEM material
parameter in
ANSYS
Process: optiSLang-Digimat
Function evaluations: 500
33
Calibration of seismic fracturing

Sensitivity evaluation of 200 rock parameter and the hydraulic fracture
design Parameter due to seismic hydraulic fracture measurements
Blue:Stimulated rock volume

Red: seismic frac measurement
With the knowledge about the most important

parameter the update was significantly improved.
Hydraulic-mechanical coupling
Solver: ANSYS/multiPlas
Design evaluations: 160
Will J.: Optimizing of hydraulic fracturing procedure using numerical simulation; Proceedings 34
Weimarer Optimierung- und Stochastiktage 7.0, 2010, Weimar, Germany, www.dynardo.de

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© Dynardo GmbH • Confidence by Design • June 20th 2012, Houston

"optiSLang inside ANSYS

– efficient, easy, and safe to use

Johannes Will, CEO Dynardo GmbH

Optimization using optiSLang

- with availability of multi disciplinary parametric modeling

- having much more parameter than 10

- Optimization using Meta Model of Optimal Prognosis

stand alone optiSLang Process Integration

Connected CAE-Solver: ANSYS, ABAQUS, NASTRAN, LS-DYNA,

Pre and Post Processing

• The Pre Processing

• Solving the RDO Task

optiPlug - ANSYS Workbench optiSLang Interface

optiSLang inside ANSYS Workbench v14

optiSLang Philosophie “safe to use”

That task requires sophisticated technology with carefully balance between

Technology takes care that “non expert” can use it!

optiSLang inside ANSYS Workbench “Easy to Use”

User-friendliness takes care

- intelligent scanning of parameter space and reduction to important

optiSLang inside ANSYS Workbench

 optiSLang provides a automatic flow to reduce variables and generate

• Results of a global sensitivity study are:

• Requirements for our industrial applications:

Identifying important parameters

From tornado chart of linear correlations to the dynardo’s

Goodness of fit Measurements

To solve the tradeoff between dimensionality and

Limitations of the CoD

Dynardo‘s Coefficient of Prognosis (CoP)

• Using cross validation and

• CoP increases with increasing number of samples

Meta model of optimal Prognosis (MoP)

• CoP/MoP allows to minimize the number of solver runs

Biological Algorithms: Pareto Optimization

Gradient-based Response surface Natural inspired

When to use which Algorithm

Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization

Scan the whole Design Space

Search for Optima 3) Use MOP+gradient solver for fast

4) Run an ARSM, gradient based or biological based optimization Algorithms

Optimization using MOP

Minimum required user input:

“Optima” which are based on

Optimization with real design calls

Minimum required user input:

For all optimizer robust default settings are

NOA - Nature inspired optimization contains:

ARSM – Adaptive Response Surface Method

Optimization of see hammer

Initial Design valid for Optimized design valid for

Design Evaluations: 200 times 4 loadcase

Optimization of a Large Ship Vessel

Riedel, J.: Gewichtsoptimierung eines Passagierschiffes, Bauhaus Universität Weimar, 29

Optimization of a cylinder head

Construction of a Fluent Mesh in Ansys Comparison of Fluent results (red)

Inlet flow enhancement of ≈ 6 % by valve seat, ≈ 14 % through

Calibration using optiSLang

3) Find the best possible fit

Identification of material using Digimat

Calibration of seismic fracturing

Blue:Stimulated rock volume

With the knowledge about the most important