Please consult the attached file for the answer.

If you want, I can send to you the variable

separation procedure for to obtain Eq. (2) of file.

If you have the analytical solution of a 3D heat conduction problem in a body of given geometry,

T x, y, z, t   f x, y, z, t 

T x, y, z, t  is the temperature in a point within the 3D body defined by x, y, z  at the time t .

As example if you have a body defined in rectangular coordinates when the heat conduction is in,

 Lx  x  Lx ,  Ly  y  Ly and  Lz  z  Lz (a parallelepiped of length 2Lz , deep 2Ly

and thickness 2 Lx ) with initial temperature T0 and the body walls at temperature Te . The
analytical solution of heat conduction equation in unsteady state is,

 1i 1 1 j 1 1k 1 cos 2i  1x  cos 2 j  1y  cos 2k  1z 
     
3   
T  x, y, z , t   Te 4  2 Lx   2 L y   2 Lz 
T0  Te
 3

 2i  12 j  12k  1
i 1 j 1k 1

 2 
 2k  12  2  Lx  2 j  12  2  Lx  2i  12  2  kt
2
exp        2 (1)
 4  Lz  4  Ly  4  Lx
   

Where k is heat conduction in the body.

This solution can be obtained from the application of superposition principle of a 1D analytical
solution of heat conduction

 1i 1 cos 2i  1w 

 
 exp   2i  1   kt
T w, t   Te 4
  2 2
 2 Lw
T0  Te

  2i  1  4  L2
(2)
i 1   w

For w  x, y, or z . Thus by the superposition principle the 3D solution is,

T x, y, z, t   T x, t T  y, t T z, t  which gives the Eq. (1)

The analytical solution (2) can be obtained by variable separation from the partial derivatives
differential equation that defines the heat conduction in 1D rectangular coordinates.