Traffic and Transportation Plan

Master Plan for Manjeri Town – 2037
22 TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION PLAN
Traffic and Transportation Plan for Manjeri, formulated considering the

existing traffic scenario and taking into account the future traffic on the base year
network, and covering both short term and long term proposals, is presented in
the following sections. The short-term plan is an immediate action plan focused
on issues in the selected traffic congestion areas, and does not comprehensively
result from a study of the whole area on a unified theme, whilst the long term
plans are focused on specific issues in certain areas.
22.1 SHORT TERM PLAN
In order to counteract the general problems in traffic and transportation

faced by Manjeri, as an immediate measure, short term traffic management
measures are an ideal option. Existing traffic congestion in Manjeri is mainly due
to the inadequate road capacity and the lack of a well-developed traffic
management system. Traffic management, the planning, monitoring and
controlling/influencing of traffic, aims to maximize the effectiveness of the use of
existing infrastructure and ensure reliable and safe operation of transport.
An appropriate, systematic traffic management plan is essential for the

safe and smooth flow of the increasing motor traffic on roads. Traffic
management plans are relatively time and cost effective. It is possible to carry out
a trial and error method while observing the effects on the traffic flow and other
factors. It is necessary to introduce the improvement measures that respond to
the changing requirements at different times into the system. Following are the
important interventions to be taken up on immediate basis, to reduce the traffic
congestion and increase road-users’ safety in Manjeri.
Manjeri Municipality & Town and Country Planning Department 245

 Proper maintenance of pocket roads to ensure that a major proportion of the

vehicles would travel through theses route and prevent the vehicles from
entering the city centre.
 Maintain proper lane discipline; restrict unauthorized and excess taxi and
auto parking.
 Provision of necessary road signs and road markings, especially signage
indicating ‘school ahead’ for the safety of the school children.
 Physically-challenged, women and elderly friendly infrastructure in bus
terminals, bus stops/bays and public carriers is to be ensured
 Loop mini-bus services can be introduced in Manjeri town to increase the
efficiency of public transport services
 Provide suitable facilities for parking and introduce paid parking lots utilizing
the temporary vacant lands under public and private ownership in and
around the town centre
 Delineation of no-parking, restricted parking and paid-parking zones and
strict enforcement of the same.
 Allocation of recovery vans to the traffic control police for enforcement.
 Provision of bus bays at bus stops and proper enforcement to ensure that the
buses stop at the bay and not on the carriageway.
 Provision of handrails and barricade for pedestrian safety.
 Provision of foot paths of required width.
 Restricting encroachment of right of way by the shopkeepers and street
vendors as well as display of goods beyond the shop area by the roadside
facing shops.
 Safety education measures to increase the road user awareness.
 Proper enforcement of traffic safety rules such as mandatory usage of seat
belt/helmet etc.
 Adequate maintenance and coverage of drainage.
 Proper lighting system to promote safety of road users during night.
 Accident history should be displayed ahead of the accident hotspots so that
the people will be more alert.
 Provide adequate number of traffic police for the regulation of traffic.
 Introduction of different colored auto rickshaws for late night travels.
Thus in order to ensure overall traffic safety, the implementation of the 3

Es (Engineering, Enforcement, Education) through the 3Cs (Coordination,
Cooperation, Control) is one of the most effective measure.

22.2 TRAFFIC PROJECTION

For projecting the future demand, various methods of traffic projection
including statistical, econometrical and mathematical models are available. These
could be judiciously utilized depending upon the level of accuracy warranted and
the extent of database available. Various methods of traffic projection employed
in the transport planning include;
 Interpolation method based on past trend in traffic growth rates
 Growth factor methods
 Regression method based on economic indicators like population, per-capita
income growth rate and growth rate in industrial sector and land use
parameter
The relationship established between the various economic indicators for

passenger and goods traffic movement can be used to estimate the future
demand in an area. Also the growth rate of vehicular population in the area over
the years will give a good estimate of the future trips. The traffic volume on links
from the past years can be used to establish a growth rate for prediction of the
future volume on links.
Vehicle registration trend based growth projection will be the best suited
method for municipalities like Manjeri. State Highways are passing through the
municipality and about 19% of passenger traffic and 42% of goods traffic in the
municipality is through-traffic. This shows that, the economic characteristics of
district and state will also influence the vehicular traffic in the study area. Hence
econometric projections will also work for the municipality.
2 2 . 2 .1 Tr en d B as ed An a lysi s
Past trends of traffic and vehicle growth are somewhat indicative tools
used for traffic forecasting. Trend based analysis as per IRC: 108-1996, can be
done with a variety of indicators, which are related to the traffic movement on the
project corridor.
22.2.1.1 Vehicle Registration Based Analysis
The growth of vehicle registration in the influence region is generally a

good indicator in as much as it is found to correlate reasonably well with traffic
growth. This holds true especially in urban areas, and in those cases, it is possible
to establish a definite trend and correlation between traffic growth and vehicle

registration. When traffic corridors are considered, the correlation of vehicle

registration growth and traffic growth rates has been found to be dependable in
the case of the present study.
22.2.1.2 Trends in the Growth of Economy (GDP)
It has also been established that the overall growth of the traffic is closely
correlated with the economic growth of the nation. This stems mainly from the
fact that growth of the economy, expressed in the gross production of various
sectors, is one parameter that captures or is comprised of, either directly or
indirectly, most of the other factors that influence traffic levels.
The process involves preparing a relationship between the traffic levels on

the corridor and or vehicle registration growth with the gross domestic product
(GDP) of the District. The model for estimating elasticity index is given below:
Ln (P) = m x Ln (GDP) + A
Where, P = Number of Vehicles (Mode wise)
GDP = Gross Domestic Product (in Rs. Crore)
A = Regression constant
m = Elasticity coefficient
The vehicle registration data for Malappuram District is used in the above
model to obtain the values. Here the equation corresponds to each vehicle type is
based on GDP. The elasticity coefficient is a factor by which GDP growth rate will
be multiplied to get the future growth rates for the different modes.
The growth rates for various models are not same as they are influenced
by different parameters. In other words, whilst the growth of the passenger
vehicles (cars, two wheelers and even buses) could be attributed to the growth in
the per capita income, population growth and vehicle registration growth, the
growth of the goods vehicles is found to be influenced with factors including the
industrial production and growth of the National or state Domestic products.
2 2 . 2 .2 Gr o wt h Rat e Ado pt e d f o r P r o j ect i o n

While formulating the traffic demand growth rate for future, all the above
issues relevant to the project studies have been considered. Improved and
congestion-free road conditions would lead to reduction in cost of travel because
of savings in vehicle operating costs and travel time. Due to the technological up-
gradation the availability of quality and comfort to vehicles-cars or buses
especially for long or intra-city movement is likely to induce more traffic on the
roads. Similarly, with economical development, the percapita income would

continue to increase, in turn, leading to a simultaneous increase in propensity

towards travel in general. A comparison of growth rates of vehicles is given in the
table 22.1.
Table 22-1 Comparison of growth rates

Vehicle Method Growth rate
Past trends (vehicle registration data) 11.80
Car
Econometric model (GDP) 14.36
Two wheeler
Three Wheelers
Bus
Truck
LCV
MAT
The growth rate obtained above is by considering the characteristics of

Malappuram District. Manjeri has been a Second grade municipality, and was
recently raised to First grade. The inner parts of the town show rural
characteristics. By considering the growth rates of similar towns in Kerala and
from experience, smaller growth rates shall be adopted for forecasting the
passenger and freight traffic in Manjeri Municipality. But the major arteries of
Manjeri carry intercity as well as intra city traffic. Hence the traffic growth in these
corridors will be near the State growth rate. So a growth rate, which is slightly less
than obtained growth rate from different models were adopted for traffic through
arterial roads and lesser growth rate adopted for all other inner roads in Manjeri.
The mode choice behaviors of persons are highly probabilistic and it shows
changes from private mode to public mode and vice versa. In future, introduction
of new public transport facilities will attract more persons from private mode to
public and this in turn will reduce the vehicle growth rate. Hence it is expecting a
small reduction in the growth rates of vehicles after 2024. The resultant growth
rates adopted are presented in the table 22.2.

Table 22-2: Adopted Growth Rates

Annual traffic growth rate (%)
Vehicle Adopted up to Adopted beyond Adopted up to Adopted beyond
Category 2024 (Arterial 2024 (Arterial 2024 (Other 2024 (Other
Roads) Roads) Roads) Roads)
Truck 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00
LCV 8.50 7.50 6.00 5.00
MAT 2.00 1.50 1.50 1.00
Bus 4.00 3.50 3.00 2.00
Car 11.00 9.50 6.00 4.00
Three Wheeler 6.50 5.50 5.00 4.00
Two wheeler 9.00 8.00 5.00 4.00
2 2 . 2 .3 Tr af f i c P r o j ect i o n
Table 22-3: Projected Traffic Volume and V/C Ratio on Major Roads
Present Projected Lanes
Sl V/C
Road Name Road Section Capacity Volume Required
No Ratio
(PCU/Hr) (PCU/Hr) (2034)
1 Kozhikode – Arukizhaya 1200 2489 2.07 3
Malappuram Bypass
2 CH Bypass CH Bypass 1800 4331 2.41 5
3 Pandikkad Road Chengana (Pandikkad road) 1800 4294 2.39 5
4 Chengana Bypass Chengana Bypass 1200 1323 1.10 2
5 Areacode Road Chettiyangadi 1200 2539 2.12 3
6 Pandikkad Road Dheema Bakery 1800 10030 5.57 12
7 SH 71 Govt. Hospital 1800 10799 6.00 12
8 SH 28 Kurikkal pipelines 1800 7511 4.17 9
9 Rajiv Gandhi Bypass Malabar Hospital 1800 2759 1.53 4
10 SH 28 Manu Memorial Hospital 1800 12956 7.20 15
11 Palakkulam Road Palakkulam 900 1785 1.98 2
12 SH 28 Paravathani 1800 10497 5.83 12
13 Pookottur Road Pookottur Road 1200 2345 1.95 3
14 Kizhissery Road THS 900 1349 1.50 2
15 SH 28 Thurakkal 1800 5992 3.33 7
16 SH 71 Vayaparapadi 1800 8348 4.64 10
17 Vettekode Road Vettekode 900 605 0.67 1
18 Pandikkad Road Yatheemkhana School 1800 6599 3.67 8
19 SH 28 Cherani 1200 3976 3.31 5
20 Areacode Road Kidangazhi 1800 3901 2.17 5
21 Pookkottur Road Mullampara 1800 2458 1.37 3
22 SH 71 Muttippalam 1200 6621 5.52 8
23 Pandikkad Road Nellikkuth 1800 2615 1.45 3
24 Kizhissery Road Ramankulam 1200 1045 0.87 2
25 SH 28 Veembur 1800 4257 2.36 5

The traffic through each links was projected to 2034 using the obtained
growth rates. The projected traffic volumes for 2034 are provided for the
comparison with the traffic counts collected from the field in the table 22.3.
Volume-Capacity ratio of the horizon year is also given. From the projected traffic
and its V-C ratio, it is clear that by 2034, almost all major roads of the municipality
will be congested if no improvement measures are taken.
It is clear from the table that the existing network cannot handle the
projected traffic in the horizon year without proper upgradation of the network
and facilities and all the major links in Manjeri will get overcrowded in future. The
lane requirements of all links in the year 2034 are also given in the table 22.3. It
can be seen that, the links at Dheema Bakery, Government Hospital, Manu
Memorial Hospital, Paravathani and Vyaparapadi, the lane requirement is 10 or
more.
22.3 LONG TERM PLAN
The objective of the long term plan is to increase the level of service of
transportation infrastructure in Manjeri municipality and induce modal shift from
private vehicles to public transportation, and to mitigate traffic congestion at
bottlenecks. The long term proposals detailed in the following sections are
proposed considering the possible future scenarios in next 20 years, and shall be
implemented concurrently with the realization of proposals in other sectors as
proposed in the Master Plan.
2 2 . 3 .1 M aj o r Ro ad P r o po sals
In order to cater the increasing traffic volume, large scale improvement

measures including widening and strengthening of pavements and enhance
speed and safety of traffic movement are proposed as a long term measure. From
the projected traffic, it is clear that without the upgradation of the road network
and transportation facilities, almost all major roads will be choked by 2034.
However, the road widths cannot be indiscriminately increased for
accommodating the increase in traffic volume. Hence widening of existing roads
along with formation of new roads shall be considered for accommodating the
increase in traffic flow. For increasing the internal accessibility, ring roads shall be
constructed utilising the existing roads. Bypasses can be planned for carrying
through- traffic without touching the urban centre.

22.3.1.1 State Highways
The widening of the State Highways 28 and 71 are the most important
road development initiatives required in the municipality. The width of these
roads are not up to the standards or requirement. Therefore, the up gradation of
these two roads to the standards specified by IRC is important for the smooth
movement of traffic.
Table 22-4: Projected Traffic Volume and V/C Ratio – State Highways
Sl Road Road Section Present Projected V/C Lanes
No Name Capacity Volume Ratio Required
1 Veembur 1800 4257 2.36 5
2 Thurakkal 1800 5992 3.33 7
3 Kurikkal pipelines 1800 7511 4.17 9
SH 28
4 Paravathani 1800 10497 5.83 12
5 Manu Memorial Hospital 1800 12956 7.20 15
6 Cherani 1200 3976 3.31 5
7 Govt. Hospital 1800 10799 6.00 12
8 SH 71 Vayaparapadi 1800 8348 4.64 10
9 Muttippalam 1200 6621 5.52 8
From table above, it can be seen that the lanes required on different
sections of SH 28 vary from 5 lanes at Veembur and Cherani, the entry points to
the municipality, to 15 lanes at Manu Memorial Hospital. The congestion at the
centre has increased the lane requirement to almost three times the requirement
at the periphery. Hence a uniform width of 45 m with the section details as
presented in Figure 22.1 is proposed for SH28. However, this would satisfy only 8
lanes. Similarly it can be seen that the lanes required on different sections of SH
71 vary from 8 lanes at the outskirts to 12 lanes at the town centre. Hence a
uniform width of 45 m with 8 lanes as per the section details presented in Figure
22.1 is proposed for SH71. To satisfy the remaining demand, a 4 lane elevated
corridor is proposed from Vayapparapadi to Nellipparambu. Figure 22.1 gives the
section details of the elevated corridor. Figure 22.2 givens the sectional details of
the proposed two-tier road system from Vayapparapadi to Nellipparambu.
Figure 22-1: Cross-section of 45m wide road

Figure 22-2: Cross-section of elevated road
Figure 22-3: Cross-section of two tier road system
Proper road markings, signs, sufficient shoulder, kerbs and other street
furniture must be provided. Medians of sufficient width should be provided to
separate the directional traffic and to reduce accidents. Street lighting must be
provided throughout the stretch. Solar powered street lights can be used for the
purpose and to save energy.
22.3.1.2 Bypasses
It can be seen that there is an unmet demand for 7 lanes along SH28 and 4
lanes along SH71 at the town centre, after widening them to 45m. This implicates
the need for bypasses. In the existing bypasses in the town listed below, the
projected lane requirements indicates widening of Chengana bypass to 12m, Rajiv
Gandhi Bypass to 21m, CH Bypass to 32m and and Kozhikode – Malappuram
Bypass to 21m. To meet the unmet demand after proposed widening of state
highways, it is proposed that all these bypasses are widened to 32m. However,
there still remains unmet requirement for additional lanes. Hence an outer ring
road needs to be considered for the town.

Table 22-5: Projected Traffic Volume and V/C Ratio on Bypasses

Sl V/C
No Ratio
1 Kozhikode – Arukizhaya 1200 2489 2.07 3
Malappuram Bypass
2 CH Bypass CH Bypass 1800 4331 2.41 5
3 Rajiv Gandhi Bypass Malabar Hospital 1800 2759 1.53 4
4 Chengana Bypass Chengana Bypass 1200 1323 1.10 2
A 30 meter wide outer ring road from Pattarkulam on Kozhikode road,

connecting Marathani in Nilambur Road, further leading to Chengana on
Pandikkad Road, Muttipalam on Malappuram Road and ending on the Kozhikode
Road has already been sanctioned by the state government to divert the through
traffic from centre of the town. Alignment of this road up to Marathani is already
decided and demarcated on ground. However, master plan proposes to widen
this ring road to 45m, considering the projected traffic demand and subsequent
lane requirement. The details of proposed road section are presented in figure
22-1 above.
Table 22-6: Proposed Outer Ring Road alignment

Existing Length ( m)
Proposed
Road Name & Sections Width
Width (M) Widening New
(m)
Pattarkulam -Kidangazhi-Marathani 0.0 45 0.00 3572.2
Thottupoyil to Payyanad 7.0, 0 45 2481 33
Outer Pandikkad Rd(Payyanad to Chengana Jn) 16.0 45 2073
Ring Saithalikutty Bypass (Chengana Jn to
Road Tribal School Jn) 12.0 45 991.37
Tribal School Jn to Noble School Road 7.5 45 919.10
Noble School Road to Muttipalam 0.0 45 0.00 2425
Muttipalam to Mullampara Rd 6.0,0 45 364 1545
Mullampara Rd to Pattarkulam 6.0,0 45 1009 1901
Alignment of the outer ring road at 45m width for the next three phases is
also proposed in this master plan as presented in figure 22-2 below, utilizing
available road stretches as well. The alignment from Marathani to Chengana is
proposed to utilize the road from Koomamkulam to Thottupoyil through
Thrikkalangode panchayat, as the topography in the municipal area in this region
is not suitable for a road alignment. From Thottupoyil to Payyanad, the
Cherankuth road and from Payyanad to Chengana, the Pandikkad Road is

proposed to be utilized for the outer ring road. From Chengana to Vettekode,
Saithalikutty Bypass, and further Vettekode Road is proposed to be widened to
45m till Noble School to serve as the outer ring road. Thereon, a new road is
proposed till Muttipalam. From Muttipalam to Mullampara Road and further to
Pattarkulam , available roads are proposed to be widened along with new roads
to from the ring road alignment.
Figure 22-4: Outer Ring Road Alignment
Figure 22-5Cross-section of 32m wide road
22.3.1.3 Major Roads
An important road in the town, the Pandikkad Road requires 12 lanes at

the town centre and 3 lanes at the municipal boundary to accommodate the
future traffic demand. Hence a width of 45m to provide atleast 8 lanes is
proposed for this road from Central Junction to Payyanad, part of which also
serves as the Outer ring road. From Payyanad to Nellikuth, a width of 32m with 6
lanes is proposed.
Payyanad area is expected to develop in to a major node in the municipal

area, in the plan period. Considering the development of settlement around

Payyanad area and the proposed industrial promotion zone, a 21 meter road
namely the Pilakkal-Chalukulam Road connecting Chengana and Nellikuth on
Pandikkad road, starting near the Proposed KSRTC depot is proposed by this
master plan. It has 5.98 kilometer length, and passes parallel to the stadium road,
and uses sections of Puzhankavu Road and Pullencheri Road. The road is also
linked to the Mudikkode Bridge before joining pandikkad road near Nellikuth.
This road is also expected to serve as a major connectivity to the proposed
Tourism promotion zone around the Stadium.
Another important road, the Areacode road has a projected requirement

of 3-5 lanes in the plan period. A width of 32m is proposed for this zone,
satisfying 6 lanes.
Table 22-7: Projected Traffic Volume and V/C Ratio on Important link roads
Sl V/C
No Ratio
1 Pandikkad Road Chengana (Pandikkad road) 1800 4294 2.39 5
2 Yatheemkhana School 1800 6599 3.67 8
3 Dheema Bakery 1800 10030 5.57 12
4 Nellikkuth 1800 2615 1.45 3
5 Areacode Road Chettiyangadi 1200 2539 2.12 3
6 Kidangazhi 1800 3901 2.17 5
7 Kizhissery Road Ramankulam 1200 1045 0.87 2
8 THS 900 1349 1.50 2
9 Pookottur Road Pookottur Road 1200 2345 1.95 3
10 Mullampara 1800 2458 1.37 3
Pookkottor road has projected requirement of 3 lanes in the plan period

and a 16m width is proposed for this road from Thurakkal Bapputty Bypass to
Municipal Boundary. Between Thurakkal Bapputty Bypass and Kacheripadi, the
road section is proposed to be widened to 8m only, as this section has lost
importance after the formation of bypass. Kizhissery road is projected to require a
double lane in the plan period. However, widening it to 16m width 3 lanes is
proposed.
Figure 22-6 Cross section of 21 m wide road

22.3.1.4 Important Collector Streets
Major collector roads shall be strengthened and new roads can be

developed by introducing the few missing links.
Kuttipara - Wandoor Road, which has approximately 9m width at present is

proposed to be widened to 16m. Pullencheri Road is also proposed to be
widened to 16m.
Unity College Road , Palakkulam Road, Cherankuth Road, Vettekkode,

Eranhikkal Road and HM college Road are other roads proposed to be developed
as collector roads with 12m width.
Some of these roads already have minibus services. It is proposed that

mini-bus/city bus services may be started/strengthened along these proposed
collector streets.
22.3.1.5 Local Streets
A number of local streets are proposed to be developed to enhance the

connectivity to various important facilities existing/proposed in the town. The
widths proposed for these roads vary based on the type of facilities they connect,
and the traffic expected to be generated by them.
A 12 meter road is proposed from Malappuram road to IGBT, to reduce

the traffic block at Kacheripadi, as the buses coming from Malappuram enter/exit
the bus terminal through this road.
The existing road adjacent to Seethihaji Bus Terminal and connecting to

Saithalikutty bypass road is proposed to be widened to 12m and used as a bypass
to divert the buses away from central junction and connect to IGBT bus terminal.
Land has already been acquired to connect the Govt. Medical College from
Saithalikutty Bypass. It is proposed that this road shall be formed with a width of
12m and connected to the existing road on the north side, which can further be

connected to Pandikkad road. This road also can be utilized for diverting the bus
traffic between Seethihaji Terminal and IGBT, besides offering bus connectivity to
the Govt. Medical College.
A number of roads are proposed to improve the connectivity to the

stadium as well as the proposed tourism promotion zone, like the Saithalikutty
Bypass to Stadium road (16m) which connects the proposed outer ring road to
the stadium, Stadium Road (12m), Puzhankavu-Stadium Road (12m),
Alathingalpadi-Stadium Road (12m), and Pullencheri Road - Stadium Road Link
(12m).
Other roads which are proposed to be developed to 12m width to ensure

connectivity to various facilities include Vanitha Vyvasaya Kendram road which
connects the proposed apparel park to proposed outer ring road, KSEB
Substation Road, Industrial Estate road , Arukizhaya Temple Road , Oduvangad
Road which connects the proposed Technical University sub-centre, and
Cheenikkamannu Road which facilitates the proposed developments in KWA
compound.
Figure 22-9 Cross-section of 10m road
Besides a number of roads are proposed to be upgraded to municipal

roads and widened to 10m and 8m roads as listed in table 22-8, to improve the
connectivity to interior areas and networking in between the higher order roads.
The road proposals in the planning area is presented in concise in the

following table. The proposed transportation network for Manjeri town is
presented in figure 22-10.

Table 22-8: Road Proposals
Sl. Existing Proposed Widening/New Length in meters

Road Name & Sections
No Width (m) Width (M) (W/N) Widening New
Veembur- Nellipparambu 18.0 45 W 7505.00
1 CNG Road (SH 28) Nellipparambu to Muncipal Boundary 18.5 32 W 1275.30
2 Malappuram Road (SH 71 ) 17.0 45 W 3059.30
3 Elevated Corridor Vayaparapadi to Nelliparambu 0.0 16 N 0.00 3500.0
Central Jn-Payyanad 16.0 45 W 4749.48
4 Pandikkad Road Payyanad -Nellikuth 15.0 32 W 4607.11
5 Pattarkulam -Kidangazhi-Marathani 0.0 45 N 0.00 3572.2
6 Cherankuth Rd(Thottupoyil to Payyanad ) 7.0 45 N,W 2481 33.0
7 Pandikkad Rd(Payyanad to Chengana Jn) 16.0 45 W 2073.00
Outer Ring Road Saithalikutty Bypass (Chengana Jn to Tribal
W
8 School Jn) 12.0 45 991.37
9 Tribal School Jn to Noble School Road 7.5 45 W 919.10
10 Noble School Road to Muttipalam 0.0 45 N 0.00 2425.0
11 Muttipalam to Mullampara Rd 6.0 45 N,W 364 1545.0
12 Mullampara Rd to Pattarkulam 6.0 45 N,W 1009 1901.0
13 Rajiv Gandhi Bypass 14.5 32 W 1338.33
14 C.H Bypass 12.0 32 W 881.92
15 Saithalikutty Bypass 12.0 32 W 2359.69
16 Thurakkal Bapputty Bypass 13.5 32 W 1859.45
17 Areacode Road 16.0 32 W 2723.38
18 Chengana-Pilakkal-Puzhankavu 0.0 21 N 0.00 3714.4
19 Puzhankavu Rd 6.5 21 W 135.71
20 Pilakkal-Chalukulam Pullencheri Rd 7.3 21 W 2797.95
21 Rd Mudikkode Bridge Rd 0.0 21 N 0.00 190.0


Thurakkal Bapputty Bypass to Municipal W
Boundary 7.0 16 2487.73
22 Pookkottur Road Thurakkal Bapputty Bypass to Kacheripadi 7.0 8 W 315.68
23 Kizhissery Road 9.7 16 W 3655.31
24 Kuttipara -Wandoor Road 9.0 16 W 1974.92
Pullencheri to Puzhankavu 7.3 16 W 2938.52
25 Pullencheri Road Mudikkode Bridge Rd to Pandikkad Rd 7.0 16 W 395.00
Saithalikutty Bypass Tribal school to Mubarak School 5.5 16 W 1358.57
26 to Stadium road Mubarak school to Stadium 0.0 16 N 0.00 1400.6
27 Unity College Road 10.0 12 W 1786.33
28 Vanitha Vyvasaya Kendram road 5.3 12 W 732.00
29 Cheenikkamannu Road 6.3 12 W 603.31
30 KSEB Substation Road 10.5 12 W 1417.86
31 Palakulam Road 7.0 12 W 2049.57
32 Thottupoyil Road 9.3 12 W 2871.31
33 Cherankuth Road 7.0 12 W 25.16
34 Stadium Road 7.5 12 W 3789.00
35 Puzhankavu-Stadium Road 6.0 12 W 975.84
36 Alathingalpadi-Stadium Road 7.5 12 W 1373.39
37 Pullencheri Road - Stadium Road Link 7.5 12 W 1193.17
38 Vettekkode-Eranhikkal Road 8.5 12 W 4033.24
39 Oduvangad Road 5.8 12 W 1590.76
40 New Bus stand- Saithalikutty bypass road Link 6.0 12 W 811.94
41 Medical college road 5.5 12 W 155.66 386.0
42 Arukizhaya Temple Road 7.5 12 W 799.93
43 Industrial Estate road 7.0 12 W 1197.97


44 HM college Road 5.7 12 W 1885.79
45 IGBT Road 0.0 12 N 0.00 57.2
46 Chemaram school Road 7.1 10 W 870.59
47 NSS College Road 7.0 10 W 2062.00
48 Elambra Road 7.0 10 W 1986.40
49 Thamarassery- Wandoor Road 6.5 10 W 1132.34
50 Vettirikkattiri Road 5.5 10 W 1443.62
51 Nellikuth School road 6.0 10 W 897.84
52 Manassery Road 6.0 10 W 764.76
53 Science Institute Road 6.5 10 W 589.04
54 Thottekad Road 6.5 8 W 495.63
55 Nazrath School Road 5.0 8 W 1816.84
56 Nazrath School Road to Ring Road Link 6.2 8 W 1070.62
57 Ambalapadi Road 7.0 8 W 1110.71
58 Ramamkulam road 6.5 8 W 1067.95
59 Nelliparambu-Ambalapadi Road 4.5 8 W 1372.23
60 Kidangazhi-Athani road 7.3 8 W 981.16
61 Palliroad 4.5 8 W 787.32
62 Plywood road 6.5 8 W 1144.03
63 Kairali Nagar road 5.3 8 W 880.31
64 Akkachola road 7.0 8 W 1426.62
65 Chamakkaparambu road 5.2 8 W 1213.14
66 Community Hall Road 2.0 8 W 91.31
67 Pilakkal Road 6.5 8 W 1772.32
68 Narekundu - Mundakode road 6.0 8 W 864.71


69 Mukkam Road 6.5 8 W 1000.96
70 Puzhankavu Road 6.5 8 W 1410.39
71 Alungal road 4.5 8 W 1657.57
72 Kovilakam Road 5.5 8 W 1937.00
73 Ayurveda Hospital Road 5.5 8 W 1768.23
74 22nd Mile Road 5.5 8 W 1125.04
76 Town hall road 5.5 8 W 569.40
77 Thadathiparambu Road 4.0 8 W 1004.65
78 ITI Road 5.0 8 W 777.07
79 Kanjiraattukunnu Road 6.3 8 W 600.57
80 Vattappara Road 6.0 8 W 3022.52
81 Variyal Road 7.0 8 W 817.86
82 Misiri Road 6.5 8 W 1081.36
83 Puliyan Thodi Road 6.0 8 W 739.06
84 Vadakkepuram Road 3.5 8 W 289.67
85 Veembur- Mariyad Road 5.5 8 W 2252.04
86 Helipad Road 3 8 W,N 86 86.0
87 Vadakkangara Road 7.0 8 W 1461.86
88 Municipal Complex road 1 5.0 8 W,N 73.53 78.0
89 Municipal Complex road 2 3.0 8 W 69.00
90 Health Club Road 0 8 N 0 98.3
91 Crematorium Road 0 8 N 0 301.8
92 Kudakallu road 0 8 N 0 45.6

Figure 22-10: Proposed Transportation Plan

2 2 . 3 .2 Jun ct i o n I m pr o v em e n t P lan s
The junctions include the areas needed for all modes of travel: pedestrian,
bicycle and motor vehicles. Thus, the intersection includes not only the pavement
area, but typically the adjacent sidewalks.
A Number of three legged as well as four legged junctions are present in

the municipality and most of them are carrying vehicles up to or above their
capacity. Various measures to be adopted for the improvement of the junctions
are listed below:
 Reduction in the frequency of intersection conflicts can be achieved by

separating through and turning movements.
 Restrict or eliminate some turns during peak period, or totally.
 Providing signalised intersection
 Install pavement markings, Provide lane assignment signing or marking.
 Improve visibility of intersections by providing enhanced signing and
delineation.
 Provide continuous sidewalks, pedestrian signs, signals and markings for the
protection of pedestrian traffic.
Once the road widening takes place, the intersection capacity will
automatically meet the demand. Hence the lane requirement at intersections
need not be dealt separately. However, while developing an intersection, care
should be taken for provision of separate lanes for directional turning traffic.
2 2 . 3 .3 P edest r i an Faci li t i es
Pedestrian movement is more at the town centre in the Municipality.

Therefore, chances of pedestrian-vehicle conflicts are high. To segregate
pedestrians and vehicles the following techniques can be adopted.
 Separating pedestrians and vehicle by providing barriers, footpaths and

handrails.
 Provision of sub-ways or elevated walkways at major crossing location,
especially at Korambayil Junction.
 To control the traffic at high pedestrian movement zones, intersections can
be provided with raised pedestrian crossings.
Width requirement of footpaths can be derived from the direction wise

movement of pedestrians. The present width requirement of footpaths according

to IRC 86-1983 are given in the table 22-9. The width should be increased by 1
meter in business and shopping areas to allow for dead width. Footpaths
adjoining shopping frontages should be atleast 3.5 metre and a minimum of 4.5
metre is desirable adjoining longer shopping frontages. At points of possible
congestions such as bus stops or entrance of public buildings, footpaths may be
wider (IRC86-1983).
Table 22-9: Footpath Width Requirement

No Road Name Location Direction Width
Requirement (m)
1 Pandikkad Dheema Bakery Up (To Pandikkad) 3.00
Road Down (To Town) 2.50
2 Pandikkad Korambayil Hospital Up (To Town) 1.50
Road Down(To Pandikkad) 1.50
3 Pandikkad NSS College Road Up (To Bus Stand) 1.50
Road Down (To Pandikkad) 1.50
4 SH 71 Government Hospital Up (To Malappuram) 1.50
Down (To Manjeri) 1.50
5 SH 71 Kacheripadi Bus Stop Up (To Malappuram) 1.50
Down(To Manjeri) 1.50
6 SH 71 Kacheripadi (GBHSS) Up (To Town) 1.50
Down(To Malappuram) 1.50
7 SH 71 Korambayil Junction Up (To Malappuram) 2.00
(Textiles) Down (To Junction) 2.00
8 SH 28 Jaseela Junction Up (To Town) 1.50
Down(Nilambur) 1.50
9 SH 28 Kurikkal Pipe Lines Up (To Manjeri) 2.00
(Kozhikode Road) Down (To School) 1.50
10 SH 28 Kurikkal tile Collection Up (To Town) 1.50
Down (To Nilambur) 2.00
11 SH 28 Nelliparamba Up (To Nilambur) 1.50
Down (To Manjeri) 1.50
2 2 . 3 .4 P ar k ing
The main parking areas in Manjeri are old bus stand area and Hospital
Junction. Long duration parking is observed on these locations. Additional to this,
short duration parking is observed on the road sides. The traffic flow is hindered
by unauthorized parking on the road sides. Therefore parking control is necessary
to facilitate smooth flow of traffic. A multi-level parking facility is to be provided
somewhere near the town centre for long duration parking. Strict inspection must
be done to avoid unauthorized parking on pavement sides.

The old bus stand adjacent to Central Junction is proposed to be

converted to a multistoried parking plaza. Besides a Parking plaza is also
proposed in the land owned by municipality in syno 40 of Manjeri village, where
the fish market functions currently, with a 8m wide acces roads from Malappuram
Road and Industrial Estate Road. Commercial complexes may be made an integral
part of these parking plazas to make them financially viable.
2 2 . 3 .5 M ass Tr an si t M e asur es
It is inferred from the mode split analysis that, the share of public transport
is more than 50%. When compared to national average, it is high. But in the case
of Manjeri, city’s public transport sector still needs improvement. Congestion in
buses at peak hour is very high. Average occupancy of buses at peak hour is
about 70 persons in main corridors. For making public transport more attractive,
Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), some dedicated bus lanes and loop bus routes shall be
provided in future in the major traffic corridors. Low floor energy efficient buses
or electric green buses can be used as loop-service buses. Bus services may be
initiated through Sathalikutty Bypass, to ease the traffic at town centre as well as
to provide better public transport connectivity in Chengana, Vettekkode,
Kovilakamkund region.
2 2 . 3 .6 Tr an spo r t at i o n Ter m i n als
A lorry terminal along with a common facility centre for lorry drivers and
cleaners with short stay rooms, facilities to relax, canteen, dormitory, offices for
the lorry agents, toilet facilities, weighbridge, petrol pump station etc. is proposed
in Syno 110(p) and Syno 111(p) of Manjeri village.
The Seethihaji Bus Terminal is proposed to be developed with an elevated

road and bus bay, at the same level as that of the proposed New Bus stand-
Saithalikutty Bypass road link, so that buses towards/from Malappuram can use
this road as the exit/entry and proceed towards IGBT/CH Bypass respectively.

Contents
22 TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION PLAN ................................................... 245
22.1 Short Term Plan .......................................................................................... 245
22.2 TRAFFIC PROJECTION............................................................................... 247
22.2.1 Trend Based Analysis ........................................................................... 247
22.2.2 Growth Rate Adopted for Projection............................................. 248
22.2.3 Traffic Projection ................................................................................... 250
22.3 Long Term Plan ........................................................................................... 251
22.3.1 Major Road Proposals ......................................................................... 251
22.3.2 Junction Improvement Plans ............................................................ 264
22.3.3 Pedestrian Facilities.............................................................................. 264
22.3.4 Parking ...................................................................................................... 265
22.3.5 Mass Transit Measures ....................................................................... 266
22.3.6 Transportation Terminals ................................................................... 266
Figure 22-1: Cross-section of 45m wide road ..................................................... 252
Figure 22-2: Cross-section of elevated road........................................................ 253
Figure 22-3: Cross-section of two tier road system .......................................... 253
Figure 22-4: Outer Ring Road Alignment ............................................................. 255
Figure 22-5Cross-section of 32m wide road ....................................................... 255
Figure 22-6 Cross section of 21 m wide road ..................................................... 256
Figure 22-9 Cross-section of 10m road ................................................................. 258

Figure 22-10: Proposed Transportation Plan ..................................................... 263
Table 22-1 Comparison of growth rates ............................................................... 249
Table 22-2: Adopted Growth Rates ........................................................................ 250
Table 22-3: Projected Traffic Volume and V/C Ratio on Major Roads ....... 250
Table 22-4: Projected Traffic Volume and V/C Ratio – State Highways .... 252
Table 22-5: Projected Traffic Volume and V/C Ratio on Bypasses .............. 254
Table 22-6: Proposed Outer Ring Road alignment ........................................... 254
Table 22-7: Projected Traffic Volume and V/C Ratio on Important link roads
........................................................................................................................................................... 256
Table 22-8: Road Proposals ....................................................................................... 259
Table 22-9: Footpath Width Requirement............................................................ 265

Traffic and Transportation Plan

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Master Plan for Manjeri Town – 2037

22 TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION PLAN

Traffic and Transportation Plan for Manjeri, formulated considering the

22.1 SHORT TERM PLAN

In order to counteract the general problems in traffic and transportation

An appropriate, systematic traffic management plan is essential for the

Manjeri Municipality & Town and Country Planning Department 245

 Proper maintenance of pocket roads to ensure that a major proportion of the

Thus in order to ensure overall traffic safety, the implementation of the 3

Manjeri Municipality & Town and Country Planning Department 246

22.2 TRAFFIC PROJECTION

The relationship established between the various economic indicators for

22.2.1.1 Vehicle Registration Based Analysis

The growth of vehicle registration in the influence region is generally a

Manjeri Municipality & Town and Country Planning Department 247

registration. When traffic corridors are considered, the correlation of vehicle

22.2.1.2 Trends in the Growth of Economy (GDP)

The process involves preparing a relationship between the traffic levels on

2 2 . 2 .2 Gr o wt h Rat e Ado pt e d f o r P r o j ect i o n

Manjeri Municipality & Town and Country Planning Department 248

continue to increase, in turn, leading to a simultaneous increase in propensity

Table 22-1 Comparison of growth rates

The growth rate obtained above is by considering the characteristics of

Manjeri Municipality & Town and Country Planning Department 249

Table 22-2: Adopted Growth Rates

Manjeri Municipality & Town and Country Planning Department 250

22.3 LONG TERM PLAN

In order to cater the increasing traffic volume, large scale improvement

Manjeri Municipality & Town and Country Planning Department 251

22.3.1.1 State Highways

Figure 22-1: Cross-section of 45m wide road

Manjeri Municipality & Town and Country Planning Department 252

Figure 22-2: Cross-section of elevated road

Figure 22-3: Cross-section of two tier road system

Manjeri Municipality & Town and Country Planning Department 253

Table 22-5: Projected Traffic Volume and V/C Ratio on Bypasses

A 30 meter wide outer ring road from Pattarkulam on Kozhikode road,

Table 22-6: Proposed Outer Ring Road alignment

Manjeri Municipality & Town and Country Planning Department 254

Figure 22-4: Outer Ring Road Alignment

Figure 22-5Cross-section of 32m wide road

22.3.1.3 Major Roads

An important road in the town, the Pandikkad Road requires 12 lanes at

Payyanad area is expected to develop in to a major node in the municipal

Manjeri Municipality & Town and Country Planning Department 255

Another important road, the Areacode road has a projected requirement

Pookkottor road has projected requirement of 3 lanes in the plan period

Figure 22-6 Cross section of 21 m wide road

Manjeri Municipality & Town and Country Planning Department 256

Figure 22-7 Cross section of 16 m wide road

22.3.1.4 Important Collector Streets

Major collector roads shall be strengthened and new roads can be

Kuttipara - Wandoor Road, which has approximately 9m width at present is

Unity College Road , Palakkulam Road, Cherankuth Road, Vettekkode,

Some of these roads already have minibus services. It is proposed that

22.3.1.5 Local Streets

A number of local streets are proposed to be developed to enhance the

A 12 meter road is proposed from Malappuram road to IGBT, to reduce

The existing road adjacent to Seethihaji Bus Terminal and connecting to

Manjeri Municipality & Town and Country Planning Department 257

A number of roads are proposed to improve the connectivity to the

Figure 22-8 Cross section of 12 m wide road

Other roads which are proposed to be developed to 12m width to ensure