Exercise - 1 (SubjectiveQuestionsBasedonFundamentals)

SECTION (A) : GAS LAWS, PARTIAL PRESSURE & KINETIC THEORY OF GASES :
1. Certain amount of gas is present in 5 litre vessel at 1.5 atm pressure 1 litre of water is filled in the vessel and
it is further connected to 2 litre empty vessel. Then find the final partial pressure of the gas in the vessel
(Assume gas is not soluble in water)
2. The stopcock, connecting the two bulbs of volumes 5 litres and 10 litres containing an ideal gas at 9 atm and
6 atm respectively, is opended. What is the final pressure in the two bulbs if the temperature remained the
same ?
3. A gas cylinder containing cooking gas can withstand a pressure of 15.0 atm. The pressure gauge of cylinder
indicates 12 atm at 27°C. Due to sudden fire in the building, its temperature starts rising. At what tempera-
ture the cylinder will explode ?
4. A flask of volume 1 litre contains vapour of CH3OH at a pressure of 1 atm and 25°C. The flask was then
evacuated till the final pressure dropped to 10–4 mm. Find the number of molecules of methyl alcohol left in
the flask.
5. A volume V of a gas at a temperature T1 and a pressure p is enclosed in a sphere. It is connected to another
V
sphere of volume by a tube and stopcock. The second sphere is initially evacuated and the stopcock is
2
closed. If the stopcock is opened the temperature of the gas in the second sphere becomes T2. The first
sphere is maintained at a temperature T1 . What is the final pressure p1 within the apparatus ?
6. Two gases A and B having molecular weights 60 and 45 respectively are enclosed in a vessel. The weight of
A is 0.5 g and that of B is 0.2 g. The total pressure of the mixture is 750 mm. Calculate the partial pressure
of the two gases.
7. At what temperature will hydrogen molecules have the same root mean square speed as nitrogen molecules
have at 35ºC ?
8. The root mean square speed of gas molecules at a temperature 27 K and pressure 1.5 bar is 1 x 104 cm/sec.
If both temperature and pressure are raised three times, calculate the new rms speed of gas molecules.

9. 6.0 g He and 12.0 g Ne molecules both having average velocity 4 x 102 ms–1 are mixed. Calculate kinetic
energy per mol of the mixture.
10. At what temperature would the most probable speed of CO2 molecules be twice that at 127ºC

SECTION (B) : GRAHAMS LAW OF DIFFUSION :

11. 32 cc of hydrogen diffuses through a fine hole in 1 minute. What volume of CO2 will diffuse in 1 minute under
the same conditions ?
12. A tube with a porous wall allows 0.53 litre of N2 to escape per minute from a pressure of 1 atm to an
evacuated chamber. What will be the amount escaping under the same conditions for He, CCl4 vapour and
UF6 ? (He = 4, N = 14, C = 12, Cl = 35.5, F = 19, U = 238)
13. A gaseous mixture contains oxygen and another unknown gas in the molar ratio of 4 : 1 diffuses through a
porous plug in 245 seconds. Under similar conditions same volume of oxygen takes 220 sec to diffuse. Find
the molecular mass of the unknown gas.
14. The pressure in a vessel that contained pure oxygen dropped from 2000 torr to 1500 torr in 40 min as the
oxygen leaked through a small hole into a vacuum. When the same vessel was filled with another gas, the
pressure dropped from 2000 torr to 1500 torr in 80 min. What is the molecular weight of the second gas ?
15. For 10 minute each, at 0 ºC, from two identical holes nitrogen and an unknown gas are leaked into a common
v essel of 4 litre capacity. The resulting pressure is 2.8 atm and the mixture contains
0.4 mole of nitrogen. What is the molar mass of unknown gas?

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16. The rates of diffusion of two gases A and B are in the ratio 1 : 4. If the ratio of their masses present in the
mixture is 2 : 3. The ratio of their mole fraction is :

SECTION (C) : REAL GASES :

17. Find the temperature at which 3 moles of SO2 will occupy a volume of 10 litres at a pressure of 15 atms.
(a = 6.71 atm lit2 mole–2)
(b = 0.0564 lit mole–1)

18. If density of vapours of a substance of molar mass 18 gm/mole at 1 atm pressure and 500 K is 0.36 kg m–3,
then calculate the value of Z for the vapours. (Take R = 0.082 L atm mole–1 K–1)
19. One litre gas at 400 K and 300 atm pressure is compressed to a pressure of 600 atm and 200 K. The
compressibility factor is changed from 1.2 to 1.6 respectively. Calculate the final volume of the gas.
20. 1 mole of CCl 4 vapours at 77°C occupies a volume of 35.0 L.If van der Waal’s constant are
a = 20.39 L2 atm mol–2 and b = 0.1383 L mol–1, calculate compressibility factor Z under,
(a) low pressure region
(b) high pressure region

SECTION (A) : GAS LAWS, PARTIAL PRESSURE & KINETIC THEORY OF GASES :
1. If the pressure of a gas contained in a closed vessel is increased by 0.4 % when heated by 1 ºC its initial
temperature must be :
(A) 250 k (B) 250 ºC (C) 25 ºC (D) 25 k

2. I, II, III are three isotherms respectively at T1, T2 and T3. Temperature will be in order
(A) T1 = T2 = T3 (B) T1 < T2 < T3

(C) T1 > T2 > T3 (D) T1 > T2 = T3

3. If a mixture containing 3 moles of hydrogen and 1 mole of nitrogen is converted completely into ammonia, the
ratio of initial and final volume under the same temperature and pressure would be :
(A) 3 : 1 (B) 1 : 3 (C) 2 : 1 (D) 1 : 2
4. Assuming that O2 molecule is spherical in shape with radius 2 Å , the percentage of the volume of O2
molecules to the total volume of gas at S.T.P. is:
(A) 0.09 % (B) 0.9 % (C) 0.009 % (D) 0.045 %
5. Two flasks of equal volume connected by a narrow tube (of negligible volume) all at 27º C and contain 0.70
mole of H2 at 0.5 atm. One of the flask is then immersed into a bath kept at 127º C , while the other remains
at 27º C. The number of mole of H2 in flask 1 and flask 2 are :
(A) Moles in flask 1 = 0.4 , Moles in flask 2 = 0.3
(B) Moles in flask 1 = 0.2 , Moles in flask 2 = 0.3
(C) Moles in flask 1 = 0.3 , Moles in flask 2 = 0.2
(D) Moles in flask 1 = 0.4 , Moles in flask 2 = 0.2

6. The density of neon will be highest at:

(A) STP (B) 0°C, 2 atm (C) 273° C. 1 atm (D) 273° C. 2 atm
7. A 0.5 dm3 flask contains gas A and 1 dm3 flask contains gas B at the same temperature. If density of A = 3
g/dm3 and that of B = 1.5 g/dm3 and the molar mass of A = 1/2 of B, the ratio of pressure exerted by gases
is :

PA PA PA PA
(A) =2 (B) =1 (C) =4 (D) =3
PB PB PB PB

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8. Equal weights of ethane & hydrogen are mixed in an empty container at 25º C, the fraction of
the total pressure exerted by hydrogen is:
(A) 1: 2 (B) 1: 1 (C) 1: 16 (D) 15: 16
9. A mixture of hydrogen and oxygen at one bar pressure contains 20% by weight of hydrogen. Partial pressure
of hydrogen will be
(A) 0.2 bar (B) 0.4 bar (C) 0.6 bar (D) 0.8 bar
10. Which of the following expression correctly represents the relationship between the average kinetic energy of
CO and N2 molecules at the same temperature.
(A) E (CO) > E (N2) (B) E (CO) < E (N2) (C) E (CO) = E (N2)
(D) Cannot be predicted unless volumes of the gases are given
11. One mole of N2O4(g) at 300 K is kept in a closed container under one atmosphere. It is heated to 600 K when
20% by mass of N2O4(g) decomposes to NO2(g). The resultant pressure is :
(A) 1.2 atm (B) 2.4 atm (C) 2 atm (D) 1 atm
12. Two moles of methane is mixed with 1 mole of oxygen gas then the density of the gas at 27°C if the total
1
pressure exerted by the gas is mixture is 3 atm will be : (Take R = Litre atm/mol/K)
12
(A) 1.23 g/L (B) 2.46 g/L (C) 4 g/L (D) 4.92 g/L

13. Density of oxygen gas at STP is :

20 1 16
(A) g/L (B) g/ L (C) g/L (D) 5 g / L
7 22.4 22.4

14. Temperature at which r.m.s. speed of O2 is equal to that of neon at 300 k is :

(A) 280 k (B) 480 k (C) 680 k (D) 180 k

15. The R.M.S. speed of the molecules of a gas of density 4 kg m 3 and pressure 1.2  105 N m 2 is :
(A) 120 m s 1 (B) 300 m s 1 (C) 600 m s 1 (D) 900 m s 1
16. If the ratio of the rates of diffusion of the two gases A and B is 4 : 1, the ratio of their densities is :
(A) 1 : 16 (B) 1 : 4 (C) 1 : 8 (D) 1 : 2

17. Three footballs are respectively filled with nitrogen , hydrogen and helium. If the leaking of the gas occurs with

 
time from the filling hole, then the ratio of the rate of leaking of gases  rN : rH : rHe  from three footballs (in
 2 2 
equal time interval) is


(A) 1 : 14 : 7  (B)  14 : 
7 :1 (C)  7 : 1 : 14  
(D) 1 : 7 : 14 
18. A bottle of dry NH3 &. a bottle of dry HCl connected through a long tube are opened simultaneously at both
ends. The white ammonium chloride ring first formed will be:
(A) at the centre of the tube (B) near the HCl bottle
(C) near the NH3, bottle (D) throughout the length of tube

SECTION (B) : REAL GASES :

19. A real gas obeying Vander Waal equation will resemble ideal gas , if the :
(A) constants a & b are small (B) a is large & b is small
(C) a is small & b is large (D) constant a & b are large

20. Calculate the radius of He atoms if its Vander Waal's constant ‘b’ is 24 ml mol 1.
(Note ml = cubic centimeter)
(A) 1.355 Å (B) 1.314 Å (C) 1.255 Å (D) 0.355 Å

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21. In Vander Waals equation state for a non ideal gas the term that accounts for intermolecular forces is:
(A) (V – b) (B) RT (C) (P + a/V2) (D) (RT)-1

22. The values of Vander Waals constant "a" for the gases O2, N2, NH3 & CH4 are 1.36, 1.39, 4.17, 2.253 l2 atm
mole-2 respectively. The gas which can most easily be liquified is:
(A) O2 (B) N2 (C) NH3 (D) CH4
23. Which of following statement (s) is true
 – Slope of isotherm at critical point is maximum.
 – Larger is the value of TC easier is the liquification of gas.
 – Vender waals equation of state is applicable below critical temperature at all pressure.
(A) only  (B) &  (C) &  (D) only 
24. For a real gas the P-V curve was experimentally plotted, and it had the following appearance. With respect
to liquefaction. Choose the correct statement.

(A) at T = 500 K, P = 40 atm, the state will be liquid.

(B) at T = 300 K, P = 50 atm, the state will be gas
(C) at T < 300 K, P > 20 atm, the state will be gas
(D) at 300 K < T < 500 K, P > 50 atm, the state will be liquid.
25. Consider the following statements:
The coefficient B in the virial equation of state
 B C 
 
PVm = RT 1 V  2  ..........
 m Vm 
a: is independent of temperature
b: is equal to zero at boyle temperature
c: has the dimension of molar volume
Which of the above statements are correct.
(A) a and b (B) a and c (C) b and c (D) a, b and c

26. Consider the following statements: If the van der Waal’s parameters of two gases are given as a
(atm lit2 mol–2) b (lit mol–1)
Gas X: 6.5 0.056
Gas Y: 8.0 0.011
then a : VC (X) < VC (Y)
b : PC (X) < PC (Y)
c : TC (X) < TC(Y)
Select correct alternate:
(A) a alone (B) a and b (C) a, b and c (D) b and c

27. At low pressures, the van der Waal’s equation is written as

 a 
p  2  V = RT
 V 
The compressibility factor is then equal to:

 a   RTV   a   RTV 
(A) 1   (B) 1   (C) 1   (D) 1  
 RTV   a   RTV   a 

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28. For the non-zero values of force of attraction between gas molecules, gas equation will be-
n2 a nRT
(A) PV = nRT – (B) PV = nRT + nbP (C) PV = nRT (D) P =
V V b
29. Compressibility factor for H2 behaving as real gas is:
 a   Pb  RTV
(A) 1 (B) 1  (C) 1   (D)
 RTV   RT  (1  a)

30. At Boyle temperature, the value of compressibility factor Z = (PVm / RT = Vreal/Videal) has a value of one over
a wide range of pressure. This is due to the fact that in the van der Waal’s equation
(A) the constant 'a' is negligible and not 'b'
(B) the constant 'b' is negligible and not 'a'
(C) both the constant 'a' and 'b' are negligible
(D) the effect produced due to the molecular attraction compensates the effect produced due
to the molecular volume
31. A real gas most closely approaches the behaviour of an ideal gas at -
(A) 15 atmospheres and 200 K (B) 1 atm and 273 K
(C) 0.5 atm and 500 K (D) 15 atm and 500 K
32. The correct order of normal boiling points of O2, N2, NH3 and CH4, for whom the values of vander Waals
constant ‘a’ are 1.360, 1.390, 4.170 and 2.253 L2. atm. mol2 respectively, is
(A) O2< N2 < NH3 < CH4 (B) O2< N2 < CH4 < NH3
(C) NH3 < CH4 < N2 < O2 (D) NH3 < CH4 < O2 < N2
33. The critical density of the gas CO2 is 0.44 g cm–3 at a certain temperature. If r is the radius of the molecule,
r3 in cm3 is approximately. (N is Avogadro number)
25 100 6.25 25
(A)  N (B)  N (C)  N (D) 

34. The curve of pressure volume (PV) against pressure (P) of the gas at a particular temperature is as shown,
according to the graph which of the following is incorrect (in the low pressure region):

(A) H2 and He show +ve deviation from ideal gas equation.

(B) CO, CH4 and O2 show negative deviation from ideal gas equation.
(C) H2 and He show negative deviation while CO2, CH4 and O2 show positive deviation.
(D) H2 and He are less compressible than that of an ideal gas while CO2, CH4 and O2 more compressible than
that of ideal gas.

Exercise - 3 (JEE/REE Questions of Previous Years)

1. Match gases under specified conditions listed in Column-I with their properties / laws in Column-II. Indicate
your answer by darkening the appropriate bubbles of the 4 x 4 matrix given in the ORS. [IIT-JEE 2007]

Column-I Column-II
(A) hydrogen gas (P = 200 atm, T = 273 K) (p) compressibility factor  1

(B) hydrogen gas (P ~ 0, T = 273 K) (q) attractive forces are dominant

(C) CO2 (P = 1 atm, T = 273 K) (r) PV = nRT

(D) real gas with very large molar volume (s) P (V – nb) = nRT

Page # 21
2. Figure displays the plot of the compression factor Z verses p for a few gases

IV
I

III
II

Which of the following statements is/are correct for a van-der waals gas ? [JEE - 2006]
(A) The plot I is applicable provided the vander waals constant a is negligible.
(B) The plot II is applicable provided the vander waals constant b is negligible.
(C) The plot III is applicable provided the vander waals constants a and b are negligible.
(D) The plot IV is applicable provided the temperature of the gas is much higher than its critical temperature.

3. Ratio of rates of diffusion of He and CH4 (under identical conditions) [JEE - 2005]
1 1
(A) (B) 3 (C) (D) 2
2 3
4. For one mole of gas the average kinetic energy is given as E. The Urms of gas is [JEE - 2004]

2E 3E 2E 3E
(A) (B) (C) (D)
M M 3M 2M
5. The average velocity of gas molecules is 400 m/sec calculate its r.m.s. velocity at the same temperature
[JEE - 2003]

6. The density of the vapours of a substance at 1 atm pressure and 500 K is 0.36 Kg m–3.The vapour effuses
through a small hole at a rate of 1.33 times faster than oxygen under the same conditions.
(a) Determine (i) molecular weight (ii) molar volume (iii) compression factor(z) of the vapours and (iv) which
forces among gas molecules are dominating, the attractive or repulsive.
(b) If the vapours behave ideally at 1000 K determine the average translational kinetic energy of a molecule
[JEE - 2002]

7. Which of the following volume (v)-temeprature (T) plots represent the behaviour of one mole of an ideal gas at
one atmospheric pressure - [JEE 2002]

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

8. The root mean square velocity of an ideal gas at constant pressure varies with density (d) as-
(A) d2 (B) d (C) d (D) 1 d [JEE 2001]

9. The compression factor (compressibility factor) for 1 mole of a van der Waals’ gas at 0ºC and100 atmosphere
pressure is found to be 0.5. Assuming that the volume of gas molecule is negligible, calculate the van der
Waals’. constant a. [JEE - 2001]

10. The compressibility of a gas is less than unity at S.T.P. therefore, [JEE 2000]
(A) Vm > 22.4 litres (B) Vm < 22.4 litres (C) Vm = 22.4 litres (D) Vm = 44.8 litres

Page # 22
11. The rms velocity of hydrogen is 7 times the rms velocity of nitrogen. If T is the temperature of the gas, then
[JEE 2000]
(A) T(H2 )  T(N2 ) (B) T(H2 )  T(N2 ) (C) T(H2 )  T(N2 ) (D) T(H2 )  7 T(N2 )

12. At 100 °C and 1 atm, if the density of liquid water is 1.0 g cm–3 and that of water vapour is 0.0006 g cm–3, that
the volume occupied by water molecules in 1 liter of st eam at that temperature is - [JEE 2000]
(A) 6 cm3 (B) 60 cm3 (C) 0.6 cm3 (D) 0.06 cm3

13. (a) Calculate the pressure exerted by 5 mole of CO2 in one liter vessel at 47º C using van der Waals’
equation.Also report the pressure of gas if it behaves ideally in nature. Given that a = 3.592 atm liter2
mol-2, b = 0.0427 liter mol–1
(b) If volume occupied by CO2 molecules is negligible, then calculate the pressure exerted by one mole of
CO2 gas at 273 K. a =3.592 dm6 atm mol-2 [JEE - 2000]

14. At a temperature T K, the pressure of 4.0 g argon in a bulb is put in a bath having temperature higher by
50 K than the first one. 0.8 g of argon gas has to be removed to maintain original pressure. The temperature
T is equal to - [JEE 1999 ]
(A) 510 K (B) 200 K (C) 100 K (D) 73 K

15. A gas will approach ideal behaviour at - [JEE 1999]

(A) low temperature and low pressure (B) low temperature and high pressure
(C) high temperature and low pressure (D) high temperature and high pressure

16. According to Graham’s law, at a given temperature the ratio of the rates of diffusion rA/rB of gases A and B is
given by - [JEE 1998]
(A) (PA/PB)(MA/MB)1/2 (B) (MA/MB) (PA/PB)1/2 (C) (PA/PB) (MB/MA)1/2 (D) (MA/MB) (PB/PA)1/2
(where P and M are pressure and molecular weights of gases A and B respectively)

Page # 23
Exercise - 1
SECTION (A) :
1. 1.25 atm 2. 7 atm. 3. 375 K 4. 3.2 x 1015

2pT2
5. 2T2  T1
6. 490 mm, 220 mm 7. T = 22.0 K

8. 1.73 x 104 cm/sec 9. 808.16 J/mol 10. 1327ºC

SECTION (B) :
11. 6.82 cc 12. 0.227 lit/min. ; 0.149 lit./min. 13. 70.4
14. M = 128 g/mol 15. 448 g mol–1 16. 1/24

SECTION (C) :
50 1
17. 351°C 18. 19. litre 20. (a) 0.98 ; (b) 1.004
41 3

Exercise - 2
SECTION (A) :
1. A 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. C 7. C
8. D 9. D 10. C 11. B 12. B 13. A 14. B
15. B 16. A 17. A 18. B

SECTION (B) :
19. A 20. A 21. C 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C
26. D 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B
33. C 34. C

Exercise - 3
1. A – p, s ; B – r ; C – p, q ; D – r 2. ABC 3. D 4. A 5. 434 m/s

6. (a) 18.1, 50.25 × 10–3 , 1.225 (b) 2.07 × 10–20 J 7. C 8. D

9. 1.253 Litre2 mole2 atm 10. B 11. C 12. C

13. (a) 77.218 atm, 131.36 atm (b) 34.88 atm

14. B 15. C 16. C

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